8 Aristotle and Aquinas - University of California, Berkeley

8 Aristotle Aquinas Rousseau

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Review: What is the Political Community? Is it the same as the Polis? Who's in and Who's out? Who

thinks the following?

? "The Polis come into being by consent to leave the state

of nature"

? "Polis exists in the state of nature ? "The Community needs to be governed by a state." ? A community is created and maintained by a powerful

prince."

? Do you have to give up freedom to be a member of the

Polis or political community?" Who says?

? Who's in and who's out? Does it include the econ.

Community? Who says? Does size matter?

Review: Political Economy in the

political community

? Who thinks that the polis should repress human nature and who thinks it should flow from human nature?

? what How does "who gets what" get decided in the state of nature? According to whom?

? How do they differ in their understanding of that principle?

? What other principles might a state use to decide who gets what?

Aristotle: Polis and economic

community

? Is the polis essentially identical to the (enlarged) economic community?

? No: the end of the polis is different from the end of the economic community. The difference is qualitative.

? Morally, material wealth is not interesting in the Polis...Real value is in the good life and not in the economy

? Ends are good; means (even to good ends) are not so lofty. (Contrast with Machiavelli)

Slavery: Human beings as tools

? What is the difference between the "wageslave" and the actual slave?

? For Aristotle, there is very little difference: in both cases a person is made into or (makes himself into) the tool of another (and to that extent he or she is unfree)

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