Council Rock School District



VOCABULARY FOR SUPERQUIZ #3UNIT #1 – RENAISSANCE - KEY VOCAB1 – Late Middle AgesRoman Catholic ChurchIndulgencesPurgatorySimonyPapal InfallibilityExcommunicationRelicsJohn Wycliffe & the LollardsJan HussCatherine of SiennaLittle Ice Age & The Great Famine of 1315-1322Manors, fiefs, vassalageIncorporated towns, royal charterHundred Years WarJoan of ArcBlack DeathMuslim Empire; the TurksTransubstantiation2 – Italian RenaissanceRenaissancePatronageBlack DeathCommunesPopoloSignoriOligarchyCourtsCity States (passionate loyalty!)“The Big Five” - Venice, Milan, Florence, Naples, Papal StatesMedici familyCosimo de MediciLorenzo de Medici (the Magnificent)Svorza FamiyItalians Wars3 – Humanism, Education and PoliticsFrancesco PetrarchItalian HumanismVirtuRenaissance ManBaldassare Castiglione - Book of the Courtier - 1528Nicolo Machiavelli - The Prince - 1513Machiavellian“the ends justifies the means”“it’s better to be feared than loved”Christian Humanism / Northern HumanismThomas MoreUtopia - 1516Desiderius Erasmus - The Praise of FollyJohannes Gutenberg & Printing Press – movable type - 1440Movable type4 – Renaissance Art Patronage Lorenzo Medici (“the Magnificent”)Pope Julius IIFlorentines GiottoRealismPerspectiveMichelangelo Buonarotti, Donatello, Brunelleschi, Leonardo, Pieter BrughelRaphael, TitianFlemish (Flanders)Jan van EyckSt. Peter’s BasilicaPietaSistine Chapel CeilingMannerismLast Judgment Wall (of Sistine Chapel)IndividualismSingle Point Perspective and Leading LinesIdealismChiaroscuroFrescoMediumTempera (egg tempera on wood)5 – Spain, France and England (the Northern Monarchies)Charles VII of FranceLouis XI of France (The Spider)The Empire / The Holy Roman Empire - Golden BullHapsburgElectorsWars of the RosesHouse of York & House of LancasterHenry Tudor / Henry VIICourt of the Star ChamberParliamentAragon and Castile; Ferdinand and Isabella - Reconquista1492 - GranadaConversos / New ChristiansInquisition6 – German ReformationAnticlericalismPluralism / DualismAbsenteeismMartin LutherUniversity of Wittenberg“faith alone, grace alone, Scripture alone” (Justification by faith alone)Pope Leo XIndulgence PurgatoryAlbert of Mainz & Indulgences Johanne Tetzel & Indulgences95 Theses on the Power of Indulgences - 1517Johann EckExcommunicatedClergy and Lay people Charles VDiet Diet of Worms - 1521“I cannot and will not recant anything. Here I stand. I can do no more.”Frederick of SaxonyUlrich ZwingliProtestantPriesthood of all believersTransubstantiation [Consubstantiation] (look up)Elector of Saxony [Frederic of Saxony]Anabaptists, Quakers, CongregationalistsGerman Peasants’ War of 1525 [Peasant’s Rebellion]Priesthood of All Believers7a – English ReformationEnglish ReformationHenry VIIICatherine of AragonHenry’s brother ArthurPapal dispensationDaughter MaryAnne BoleynRelation to Charles V – relationship to CatherinePapal jurisdictionThomas MoreJane SeymourSon, EdwardThe English Church[the practices Henry kept]Thomas CromwellNationalization of the ChurchEdward VIArchbishop Thomas CranmerBook of Common PrayerMary Tudor [Mary I] “Bloody Mary”Philip II of SpainElizabeth IPuritansTo not “make windows to men’s souls”Anglican ChurchMary, Queen of ScotsFlanders1588 - Spanish ArmadaAdditional words to know for Henry (not in text)Defense of the Seven Sacraments – 1521Defender of the Faith – 1523Reformation ParliamentAct of Supremacy of 1529Six Articles – 1539Additional words to know for Elizabeth (not in text)Act of Supremacy of 1559Act of Uniformity – 1559PolitiqueJane Grey (Jane of Nine Days)7b – The Politics of Religion, the Hapsburgs, and CalvinismHapsburgsCharles VZwingliImperial Diet in 1530 in Augsburg (Diet of Augsburg – 1530)Augsburg Confession – 1531Hapsburg-Valois Wars (1522-1559)Ottoman Turks – 1529 (Vienna)1546-1555 fighting (religious wars in Germany)Peace of Augsburg - 1555CalvinismJohn CalvinGenevaPredestination [no “Free will”]“elected” (saved) - [the elect]Genevan ConsistoryMary, Queen of ScotsJohn KnoxPresbyterian Church of ScotlandOther words to know (not in text)Edict of Worms - 1521Peasants Revolt – 1524Sacraments (from seven to two)8 – Catholic Counter ReformationPope Paul III (1534-1549)The Holy OfficeIndex of Prohibited BooksCouncil of TrentNew ordersUrsuline Order of NunsSociety of JesusJesuitsIgnatius of Loyola9 – Religious ViolenceHabsburg-Valois WarsHuguenotsHenry II (France)Catherine de MediciMargaret of ValoisHenry of Navarre (Henry Bourbon / Henry IV)St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre – 1572PolitiquesHenry III (France); ValoisEdict of Nantes – 1598Low CountriesDuke of AlvaPacificationCouncil of BloodUnion of UtrechtGreat European Witch Hunt (1480s-1700s)Other words to know:Guise familyHenry IV - “Paris is well worth a Mass”Marie de MediciSpanish Netherlands – 17 provinces; United ProvincesSpanish FuryAntwerp (associate with the Spanish Fury)Dutch Rebellion – William of Orange (80 Years War)William of Orange (William the Silent)Council of Troubles (Council of Blood)Pacification of GhentThe ApologyDutch Golden AgeBattle of Lepanto – Philip IIElizabethan England (1558-1603)Act of Supremacy of 1559 (and Act of Uniformity)Invincible Armada – 1588UNIT #2 – ABSOLUTISM KEY VOCAB1 - Exploration (444-475)Venice & GenoaConquistadores CaravelLateen sails and sternpost rudderMagnetic compass and astrolabePrince Henry the NavigatorBartholomeu Dias & Cape of Good HopeVasco de Gamma & IndiaChristopher ColumbusFerdinand and IsabellaSan SalvadorAmerigo Vespucci – Mundus NovusTreaty of TordesillasFerdinand Magellan – The PacificJohn Cabot and Jacques CartierColumbian ExchangeDutch East Indian CompanyDutch West Indian CompanyMichel de Montaigne & Cultural RelativismElizabeth IJames I2 - Thirty Years War (480-486)Serfs and SerfdomThirty Years WarProtestant UnionCatholic LeagueBohemian Phase Battle of the White MountainDanish Phase - Christian IV of DenmarkAlbert of Wallenstein (Albrecht von Wallenstein)Swedish Phase - Gustavus AdulphusFrench Phase – Cardinal RichelieuPeace of WestphaliaSovereignty and sovereignFrederick of the Palatinate Maximillian of BavariaFerdinand Hapsburg (King of Bohemia, Emperor)Defenestration of Prague3 – Absolutism in France and Spain (486-494)Henry IV – Bourbon Dynasty (Henri le Grand)Edict of Nantes (1598)Marie de MediciLouis XIIICardinal Richelieu (“favorite”)Cardinal MazarinThe FrondeLouis XIVDivine Right“Sun King”Estates GeneralPalace of VersaillesSystem of PatronageJean-Baptiste Colbert – finance ministerMercantilismOther terms to know from Louis XIV:AbsolutismDuke of SullySt. Bartholemew’s Day Massacre (1572)Huguenot oppressionFrench involvement in the Thirty Years WarHotel des InvalidesL’etat c’est moiSun KingVersailles – the Palace of VersaillesMarie ThereseJansenistsMercantilismWars of Louis XIVCharles II of Spain ( King Charles II (“the Sufferer”))Philip of Anjou / Philip V of SpainWar of Spanish SuccessionGrand AlliancePeace of Utrecht (1713)Decline of Absolutist SpainThirty Years War (for the Spanish)Other terms to know from Louis XIV’s Wars:War of DevolutionFranco-Dutch WarTreaty of Dover – the end of the Triple AllianceRevoking of the Edict of NantesNine Years War Glorious Revolution - William III (William of Orange/King of England)King Williams War (in America)Queen Ann’s War (in America)Austrian Netherlands (shifted ownership)4 – Russian and the Ottoman Empire - Eastern Europe (497-505)Ivan III (the Great)BoyarsTsars (Czars)Ivan IV (The Terrible)Anastasia RomanovCossacksTimes of TroublesMichael RomanovSerfdomPeter I (The Great)Great Northern WarPeasant soldiersSt. Petersburg - Window to the WestOttoman EmpireBalkanssultanJanissary CorpsIstanbul5 – The German Powers - Absolutism in Austria and Prussia - (494-497)HapsburgsBohemiaSchonbrunn Palace in ViennaPrussiaHohenzollern familyElectors of Brandenburg and Dukes of PrussiaFrederick William, the Great ElectorJunkersFrederick I, King of Prussia (b/c of the War of Spanish Succession)Frederick William I – “the Soldier’s King”6 –English Civil War (506-510)Constitutionalism Republicanism James Stuart – James I (from Scotland)Absolutist belief in Divine RightCharles IEnglish Civil WarPuritans“No bishop, no king”William Laud, Archbishop of CanterburyBook of Common Prayer introduced to Scotland - Scottish RebellionLong Parliament (1640-1660)Irish RebellionNew Model ArmyOliver CromwellRump ParliamentThomas Hobbes – Leviathan – “Social Contract”Commonwealth of England / The RepublicThe Protectorate - Lord ProtectorInstrument of Government (Cromwell)Other terms for English Civil WarHouse of StuartJames VI of Scotland / James I of EnglandKing James version of the Bible – 1611Book of SportsPuritan “Separatists”Duke of Buckingham - Buckingham PalaceGun Powder Plot – Guy FawkesPetition of RightJohn Hampden, John PymPuritans in Parliament Short Parliament (1640)GentryRoundheads vs. CavaliersPride’s Purge7 – Non-Absolutist States: England and the Dutch Republic, and Baroque (510-515)The Restoration of 1660Test Act of 1673Charles IIJames IIMary (daughter to James) and William (of Orange) – William and Mary (William III and Mary II)The Glorious Revolution of 1688Bill of RightsJohn Locke – Second Treatise of Civil Government Natural Rights – life, liberty, propertyCabinetRobert Walpole – Prime MinisterHanoverian King George IGeorge IIThe Dutch RepublicRepublic of the United Provinces of the Netherlands“Golden Age”Oligarchy of “regents”EstatesStates GeneralHollandStadholderPrince of OrangeWilliam III of EnglandDutch RepublicBaroque artPeter Paul Rubens Johann Sebastian BachUNIT #3 – ENGLIGHTENMENT - KEY VOCAB1 – Scientific RevolutionScientific RevolutionNatural philosophyAristotelian view and Ptolemaic astronomy {Geocentric}Nicolae Copernicus (Poland)On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)Copernican hypothesis {Heliocentric}Tycho Brahe (Denmark); {Tychonic Model}Johannes Kepler (Bohemia)Laws of planetary motionElliptical paths around sunPlanets speed up near sunRotation speed is proportional to distanceNew Astronomy (1609)Sun-centered (solar) system {Heliocentric}Galileo Galilei (Italy – Florence) Experimental methodLaw of InertiaTelescope from HollandDialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World (1632)Trial of Galileo in 1632 heresyIsaac Newton (England) Centripetal force Principia (1687) (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)Newton’s three laws of motionLaw of universal gravitation (mutual attraction)CalculusFrancis Bacon (England) – {“twist the lion’s tale”}EmpiricismRene Descartes (“I think, therefore I am”)Analytic geometryDeductive reasoningCartesian dualismFour humorsAndreas VesaliusOn the Structure of the Human BodyWilliam HarveyRobert BoyleAtomsBoyles Law (1662)Other words to knowGeocentricHeliocentricTychonic Model2 – Enlightenment EnlightenmentReasonRationalismEuropean Enlightenment (1690-1789)SkepticsPierre BayleskepticismBaruch SpinozaTabula Rasa (John Locke)PhilosophesMontesquieuSeparations of Powers and Checks & BalancesParlements (in France – not Parliament in England)VoltaireThe EncyclopediaDenis DiderotSalonsSalonnieresRococoDavid HumeJean-Jacques RousseauThe Social Contract (1762)Other words to knowExistentialist3 – Enlightened Absolutism Enlightened absolutismFrederick II / Frederick the Great Maria Theresa {Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress}SilesiaPragmatic SanctionWar of Austrian Succession {King George’s War}Seven Years War {French and Indian War}Peter III“first servant of the State” (Frederick)Catherine the GreatPeter III of RussiaPugachev’s RebellionPartition of PolandMaria TheresaCharles VI (only in relation to Maria Theresa)Joseph II (r. 1780-1790)Leopold II (r.1790-1792)Other words to knowArchduchess of Austria, Holy Roman EmpressFrench and Indian WarKing George’s WarDiplomatic Revolution of 17564 – Agricultural Revolution (Working the Land) & Population Explosion 80% of the people in western countriesOpen Field System (three field system)Gleaning of grainAgricultural revolution (1650-1850)The commonEnclosureJethro TullSeed DrillEnclosure MovementProletarianizationOther words to knowCharles “Turnip” TownsendRobert BakewellPopulation ExplosionPopulation explosion of 1700s[Change in mortality][Following the 1722 Black Death outbreak][Effect of the potato]5 - Growth of cities and townsCottage industryPutting out systemTextilesJohn Jay – Flying shuttle“spinsters”Consumer economyGuild systemGuild masters Adam Smith - Wealth of Nations – 1776Economic Liberalism6 - Building the Global EconomyNAVIGATION ACTS (1651)Anglo-Dutch Wars (1652-1674)New Amsterdam -> New York (1664) [plantation agriculture, especially in Brazil and Caribbean Islands][abolition campaign]Rivalry: Dutch East Indian Company vs. English East Indian CompanyRivalry: France vs. England in India“Jewel” in the British EmpireOther words to knowAnne I of EnglandAct of Settlement (1701)Act of Union (1707)United Kingdom / British George I of England (Hanoverian Elector) (1714-1727)James Edward, Stuart “Old” PretenderRobert Walpole - Prime MinisterWhigs vs. Tories in ParliamentSouth Sea BubbleHouse of Lords and House of CommonsGeorge II of England (1727-1760)War of Jenkins Ear (1739)War of Austrian Succession (1740-1747)Diplomatic Revolution of 1756Seven Years War (1756-1763)George III of England (1760-1820)Boroughs “rotten boroughs” War of Jenkins Ear (1739)War of Austrian Succession / King George’s War (1740-1748)Frederick the Great of PrussiaMaria Theresa of Austria, 23 years oldPragmatic SanctionSilesia “Diplomatic Revolution” of 1756Seven Years’ War / French and Indian War (1756-1763)7 - Marriage and Family (586-595) and (595-614)Nuclear familiesCommunity controlsIllegitimacy explosionWet nursingFoundling homes (foundling hospitals)Attitudes toward children after 1760Bull-baiting & cock fightingCarnivalConsumer revolutionMethodistsDeismJansenismMidwiferySmallpoxEdward Jenner8 – Crisis of Political LegitimacyLouis XVDuke of OrleansThe parlements (found only in France)Robe nobility (Nobility of the Robe, vs. Nobility of the Sword)Impact of the War of Austrian Succession on France (financially)Madame de PompadourLouis XVI The impact of the American RevolutionImpact of the Seven Years War on the relationship of Britain to the American coloniesOther words to knowJohn LawNational Bank of ParisMississippi CompanyMississippi BubbleCardinal Fleury Unit #4 – FRENCH REVOLUTION & NAPOLEON (1789-1815) - VocabLESSON #1 – CAUSES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTIONFirst Estate - .5%Second Estate – 1.5%Third EstateBourgeoisPeasantsLouis XVRene MaupeouParlement of ParisAmerican RevolutionAssembly of NotablesEstates GeneralOther words to know:High ClergyLow ClergyNobility of the Sword / RobeHaute/Petit Bourgeois “après moi, le deluge”Marie AntoinetteMaria TheresaJoseph II“let them eat cake”Jacues NeckerCharles ColonneCharles de BrienneAssembly of ClergyGeorge IIILord NorthLESSON #2 – EARLY CONFLICTS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1789-1790)Estates GeneralThree ordersClergy – Nobility – Commoners Abbe Emanuel Sieyes“What is the Third Estate”National Assembly / National Constituent AssemblyTennis Court OathPoor grain harvest of 1788July 14, 1789BastilleMarquis de Lafayette - National GuardThe Great FearDeclaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenParis Women’s march on VersaillesConstitutional Monarchy – July 1990Olympe de Gouges - Declaration of the Rights of WomenAssignatsCivil Constitution of the ClergyOther words to know:Cahiers de dolenceLiberty, Equality, FraternityTricolorEmigreesDepartmentsCitizen ___Metric SystemLESSON #3 – THE REPUBLIC AND THE TERRORConstitution of September 1791Maximillian Robespierre (“the uncorruptable”)Edmund Burke – Reflections on the Revolution in France 1790Mary Wollstoncraft - Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792)King and Queen arrested and returned to Paris (Flight to Verennes)Legislative AssemblyJacobin ClubWar against AustriaTuilleriesNational ConventionSecond RevolutionThe RepublicSeptember MassacresGirondistsThe MountainGeorge Danton The PlainExecution of Louis XVI – Jan 21, 1793National Convention 1793GuillotineSans-CulottesCommittee of Public SafetyReign of Terror“Terror is nothing but prompt, severe, inflexible justice… it is, therefore, and emanation of virtue”Mobilization of French resources (Levee en Masse)Thermodorian ReactionThe DirectoryNapoleon BonaparteOther words to knowParis CommuneJean-Paul MaratCharlotte CordayThe Constitution of Year OneRepublic of VirtueDeism (Temple of Reason / Cult of the Supreme Being)Law of 22 PrairialWhite TerrorConstitution of Year ThreeRoyalist Coup, 1795 (Vendémiaire Coup)“with a whiff of grapeshot, I dispersed the crowd”1997 Elections and incumbent coupBrumaire Coup, 1799First ConsulConstitution of the Year VIII, 1799LESSON #4 – NAPOLEONNapoleon BonaparteCorsicaArtillery officerFirst Consul for Life (later: First Consul for Life)Plebiscite - 1799Code Napoleon (Napoleonic Code) - 1804EmigreesConcordat [with Pope Pius VII] of 1801Second Coalition, 1798Lord Nelson (British) and the Battle of Trafalgar, 1804Third Coalition, 1804Battle of Austerlitz, 1805 (Battle of the Three Emperors)Confederation of the Rhine, 1806Battle of Jena, 1806Fourth Coalition, 1806Grand EmpireContinental System, 1807The Third of May by Francisco Goya, 1808Invasion of Russia, 1812Grand ArmyExile to ElbaLouis XVIIINapoleon’s Hundred DaysBattle of WaterlooExile to St. HelenaOther Words to knowBrumaire CoupLouisiana Purchase, 1803Emperor NapoleonJosephinePeninsular War, 1807 (“Spanish Ulcer”)Arthur Wellesley, Duke of WellingtonGrand Duchy of WarsawPrincess Marie Louise, daughter of the Austrian EmperorDestruction of Moscow, 1812Battle of the Nations, 1814 (Battle of Leipzig)UNIT #5 – THE NINETEENTH CENTURYLESSON #1 – INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in BRITAINIndustrial Revolution Textile industryJames Hargreaves – Spinning Jenny, 1765Richard Arkwright – Water FrameEdmund Cartwright – Power LoomInfluence of coalThomas Newcomen – Steam engine, 1705James Watt – Steam Engine (improved), 1760sHenry Cort - Puddling furnaceThe puddlersGeorge Stevenson – THE ROCKET, 1830Joseph Turner and Claude MonetThe Great ExhibitionCrystal PalaceThomas Malthus – Essay on the Principle of Population, 1798David Ricardo – Iron Law of Wages Subsistence levelEconomics: “The DISMAL SICENCE”LESSON #2a – INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in the REST OF EUROPEZollverein (Germans)Economic nationalismLESSON #2b – RELATIONS between CAPITAL and LABORUrbanizationWilliam Blake - “satanic mills”William WordsworthLudditesPoorhousesFACTORY ACT of 1833 Separate spheres (gender)MINES ACT OF 1842Combination Acts, 1799 (unions)Robert Owen – New HarmonyChartist movementJames Kay – Flying ShuttleLESSON #3 – CONGRESS OF VIENNARussia, Prussia, Austria and Great BritainQuadruple AllianceCongress of ViennaRestoration of the Bourbon DynastyPeace of Paris, 1815Balance of powerPrince Clemens von MetternichRobert CastlereaghCharles TallyrandSecond Peace of Paris, 1815Waterloo, 1815Louis XVIIIDual revolution1830 BelgiumGerman ConfederationPrince Klemens von MetternichSelf determination LESSON #4 – THE SPREAD of RADICAL IDEAS (ISMS) and ROMANTICISMLiberalism (“classical liberalism) Louis XVIII’s Constitutional CharterLaizzez-faireNationalism Guiseppe MazziniSocialismKarl Marx & Friedrich Engles – The Communist Manifesto (1848)Bourgeoisie vs. proletariat Romanticism William WordsworthGermaine de Stael – On Germany (1810) – started movement of enthusiasm in German writingVictor Hugo – Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831)Ludwig von BeethovenLESSON 4a - NEW ART FORMS of the NINETEENTH CENTURY (most are not in the book)RealismEduarde ManetPre-RaphaelitesImpressionismClaude Monet - Giverny, FrancePost-Impressionism Georges Seurat – Pointillism Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, Paul GauguinFauvism - Henri MatisseLESSON #5 – REFORMS and REVOLUTIONS up to AND INCLUDING 18481848Greek Independence of 1830Corn Laws of 1815Tory Government (Tory Ministry of British Parliament)Six Acts (1819)Battle of Peterloo (at the Fields of Manchester) (Peterloo Massacre of 1819)Whig ParrtyWhig Reform Bill of 1832 (Great Reform Bill of 1832)People’s Charter (1839, 1842, 1848)Chartist MovementAnti-Corn Law LeagueRobert PeelTen Hours Act of 1847Great Famine (Ireland: 1845, 1846, 1848, 1851 potato crop)Louis XVIII (1815-1824) and his Constitutional Charter of 1814Chamber of Deputies (lower house)Charles X (1824-1830)Louis Philippe (1830-1848) [July Monarchy / Citizen King (“king of the French people”)]Bourgeois MonarchyBarricades in the streets of Paris – Feb 1848 [February Days]Second Republic (of France)National WorkshopsJune Days (Barricades in the streets of Paris, again)Austrian Empire (Vienna, Austria rebellion of 1848)Frankfurt National Assembly (Frankfurt Parliament of 1848) (Prussian rebellion of 1848)Schleiswig and HolsteinOther Words to knowItalian rebellion of 1848LESSON #6 – TAMING THE CITYPoor Law of 1834Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)UtilitarianismCholera epidemic of 1846Germ Theory Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Joseph ListerGeorge HaussmannPublic transportationElectric StreetcarLESSON #7 – RICH AND POORAristocracyUpper middle classMiddle middle classLower middle classWhite collarLabor AristocracyWorking classes (highly skilled, semiskilled, unskilled)“sweated industries”Other words to knowSir Robert Peel – “Bobbies”Philadelphia System of prisons (isolation)Strict moral codeLESSON #8 – CHANGING FAMILY and SCIENCE AND THOUGHTIllegitimacy explosionGender roles1882 Law – Gender EqualityWomen ruled the houseHome sweet homeLower infant mortalitySecond Industrial RevolutionHerbert Spencer “survival of the fittest”Social DarwinismRealismLESSON #9 –NATIONALISM in FRANCE, ITALY, and GERMANYLouis Napoleon BonapartePresident Louis NapoleonNational Assembly[Presidential Coup (1852)]Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte III (1853-1871)[Franco-Prussian War (1871)]Italy had never been united prior to 1850Lombardy and Venetia (Austrian)Sardinia and Piedmont (Italian)Central Italy and Roman (Papal)Naples and Siciliy (Bourbon)[Unification of Italy (1852-1870)]Giuseppe Mazzini – Young ItalyVictor Emmanuel of Sardinia (and Piedmont)Camillo CavourCavour goaded Austria into a war in 1859 Giuseppe Garibaldi & his Red ShirtsKingdom of Italy (1860)[Unification of Germany (1862-1870)]German ConfederationAustro-Prussian RivalryFrankfurt Parliament (1848)ZollvereinWilliam IOtto von Bismarck (Iron Chancellor) “…Blood and Iron”Schleswig and HolsteinWar against Denmark (1864)Austro-Prussian War (Seven Weeks War) (1866)North German ConfederationChancellor BismarckFranco-Prussian War (1870)German EmpireEmperor of GermanyHall of Mirrors in Palace of Versailles of 1871 5 Billion Francs, Alsace and LorraineOther words to knowSecond ReichKaiser William ILESSON #10 – EASTERN EUROPE – RUSSIA AND OTTOMAN EMPIRESOttoman TurksmodernizationCrimean War (1853-1856)Alexander II (1855-1881) “Czar Emancipator”Sergei WitteRussian Revolution of 1905Japanese attack in 1904Bloody Sunday (1905)October ManifestoDumaSerbia 1816Greece 1830Young TurksOther words to knowAlexander I (1801-1825) Decembrist Revolution - Constantine and ConstitutionNicholas I (1825-1855)Balance of PowerFlorence NightingaleZemstvovsAlexander III *1881-1894)RussificationpogromsNicholas II (1894-1917)LESSON #11 – THE NEW NATION STATE and MARXISM / SOCIALISM ReichstagKulturkampf (Bismarck “Real Politik”)ProtectionismSocial Democrat PartySocial Welfare Programs (Bismarck the German Laws of 1883-1884 (socialist style))William II (1888-1918)Republic of FranceParis Commune in March, 1871National AssemblyDreyful AffairGreat Britain and IrelandSecond Reform Bill of 1867Benjamin Disraeli – ToryThird Reform Bill of 1884The People’s BudgetLiberal Party (Whigs)David Lloyd George - LiberalWilliam Gladstone – WhigIreland self-government “Home rule”UlsterNorway 1905Other words to knowVictorian BritainQueen Victoria (1837-1901)Albert of Saxe-Coburg/GothaPeer ResurgenceAustro-Hungarian EmpireDual Monarchy (1866) (Compromise of 1867 – The Ausgleich)Germans in Austria = 1/3 Czechs and other nationalities in the EmpireNationalism – the impact on the Austro-Hungarian EmpireAnti-semitismKarl Lueger (Vienna Mayor Karl Leuger (1897-1910))Theodor Herzl – the Zionist movementZionismPogroms (1881-1882)Socialist InternationalGerman Social Democratic PartyFirst International – the International of SocialistsMarxists and Socialists – The First InternationalSecond International (1889)May DayRevisionism – Eduard Bernstein – Evolutionary Socialism (1899)LESSON #12 – THE GREAT MIGRATION and NEW IMPERIALISMThe Great MigrationNew ImperialismCecil RhodesSouth African WarUnion of South AfricaLeopold II of BelgiumHenry StanleyBerlin Conference of 1884Maxim Machine GunRudyard Kipling: White Man’s Burden ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download