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Name: ___________________________________ Date: ____________ Block: _______right30119030047117030924500Concept 1: Distribution of PowerFeatures of a StatePopulationPeople share similar general beliefsSharing basic beliefs equates into a more stable _______________Shifts in _______________ changes the power matrix4131945571500TerritoryDefinition: Things that change fixed boundaries:_______________right7683500_______________ (treaties)_______________ purchase SovereigntyIt is the _______________ characteristic of a stateThe state has supreme and _______________ authority in its boundaries It has complete independence & powers to make laws & foreign policy & determine its course of action.In theory, no state has the right to interfere with the internal affairs of another state. right723900GovernmentThe institution through which the _______________ is able to perform all of its essential functions Theories of the Origin of the State____________________TheoryBegan with the nuclear family and evolved as the family grew____________________TheoryPeople of an area are forced under the authority of one group or person who uses violence or the threat of violence to get the work accomplished. ____________________TheoryBelieved they were either descendants of the people’s god(s) or chosen by the god(s) to rule the people____________________TheoryPeople give the government only the power necessary to bring about and maintain orderGovernment SystemsGives all the power to the national or central governmentA loose union of independent & sovereign statesDivides the powers of the govt between the national govt and the state/ provincial governmentsleft59005300See the chart below for a representation of power flows between the levels of government. Constitutions and GovernmentConstitution- plan that provides the _______________ for governmentProvides supreme law for states and their governmentsMajor Types of Government ____________________________________________________________________________________Authoritarian- few, if any, political freedomsDictatorships- power is in the hands of _______________ personTotalitarian- the _______________ has total control_______________- a small group of people hold the powerMonarchy Form of government where a king, queen, or emperor rules the peopleTwo types of monarchyright385900_______________ monarchy- the active rule of a king or queen who shares none of the power (have absolute authority over all decisions)Example: Swaziland_______________ monarchy- the king or queen is limited by the lawExample: EnglandDemocracyThe _______________ hold the sovereign power of the governmentExample: United StatesTypes of Democracy_______________ democracy- people decide (e.g. vote on, form consensus on) policy initiatives directly_______________ democracy- founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracyRepublic- supreme power is held by the people & their elected or nominated president rather than a monarchRole of the executiveParliamentary system: ______________________________________________________________Presidential system: ______________________________________________________________Principles of DemocracyCitizen ParticipationRegular Free & Fair ElectionsAccepting the Results of the ElectionsThe Rule of LawMajority Rule with Minority RightsAccountabilityTransparencyLimited Government & a Bill of RightsControl of the Abuse of PowerEconomic FreedomEqualityIndividual/ Human RightsIndependent JudiciaryCompeting Political PartiesConcept 2: Limited Government and the Rule of Law ____________________ Government- political system in which powers of the government are restricted, usually by a written constitution. Rule of ____________________- government is based on a clear and fairly enforced laws & no one is above the law!right2476500Magna Carta (King and Nobles agreement)Signed by King _______________ of England in 1215This charter defined the rights and duties of English nobles and set limits on the monarch’s powerThis document established the Rule of _______________, which meant that all people, even the king, have to obey the laws.right15830800Petition of Rights (Peasants get Rights! - or do they?)Law passed by English _______________ in 1628 to try and limit the power of King Charles I. Extended the rights provided in the Magna Carta to the peasantsCharles I signed it and then ignored it by levying taxes & getting rid of Parliament (Attempted limitation of government- not successful)left44100English Bill of Rights Passed by _______________ in 1689 after years of conflict and civil warParliament offered the throne to _______________ and _______________ of Orange, but insisted they accept the Bill of Rights as a condition of their rule.right78105000left244958William & Mary of Orange00William & Mary of OrangeCreated separation of powers, limited the powers of the king and queen, and enhanced the democratic election while bolstering freedom of speech. (Actual limitation of government)Concept 3: Political Philosophies____________________One of the first students of government 5530215213995AristotleAristotleKnown as the “father of political science”left5705200Favored a constitutional government with combined principles of oligarchy & democracy as the ideal form of governmentThomas Hobbes Writings: _______________Principle theory: _______________ _______________People give up _______________ in exchange for _______________ from the governmentQuote: “It is not _______________ but Authority that makes a law.” John LockeWritings: _______________ _______________ on _______________Principle theory: _______________ Rights (Life, Liberty, and Property)Everyone has God given rights that cannot be taken awayQuote: “All mankind… being all equal and _______________, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possession.”right50800Baron de Montesquieu (Charles Montesquieu) Writings: The _______________ of _______________Principle theory: Separation of _______________Power should be divided into _______________ branches and each has a job that only it can doleft2346900Jean-Jacques Rousseau 5175809360985MontesquieuMontesquieuWritings: The Social _______________Principle theory: _______________ sovereignty left320138Rousseau00RousseauThe government should reflect the will of the _______________Formation of the United States governmentAmerica was originally a _______________ colonyThe U.S. won its independence and became its own country during the American _______________right42037000The _______________ of _______________ was written and approved during the American Revolution to formally announce a separation from Great Britain.Declaration of IndependenceWritten by _______________ _______________Approved on July 4, 1776right284382Thomas JeffersonThomas JeffersonProvides persuasive argument for why Americans want independence from the British kingArticles of Confederation First law of the land of the _______________ _______________Created a loose _______________ of states right-33695700First President under the Articles was John _______________ (ceremonial position)Government under the Articles:right554914John HansonJohn HansonThe nation’s first government included a _______________- chamber Congress, with limited powersEach state had _______________ vote It had no _______________ branch or court system right34544000Weaknesses:Amending the Articles required approval of _______________ the states. _______________ Rebellion Led by Daniel ShaysConflict between poor farmers and rich merchants and lawyer in MassachusettsShowed the government was too weak to handle a crisisLed to a call for a ____________________ convention to fix the problem ................
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