Aristotle Multiple Choice



Aristotle Multiple Choice

1. Aristotle’s Nicomachian Ethics is

a. the 1st systematic treatment of epistemology in Western civilization.

b. the 1st systematic treatment of metaphysics in Western civilization.

c. the 1st systematic treatment of ethics in Western civilization.

d. the 1st systematic treatment of ontology in Western civilization.

e. all of the above.

2. Aristotle

a. takes issue with Plato’s thesis that individual objects are intelligible only in terms of immutable forms or ideas.

b. agrees with Plato’s thesis that individual objects are intelligible only in terms of immutable forms or ideas.

c. agrees with Plato’s thesis that individual objects are intelligible only in terms of sensory experience.

d. disagrees with Plato’s thesis that individual objects are intelligible only in terms of sensory experience.

e. all of the above.

3. According to Aristotle the forms that make objects understandable

a. can exist apart from particular objects.

b. cannot exist apart from particular objects.

c. can be known through sensory experience.

d. cannot be known by sensory experience.

e. two of the above.

4. According to Aristotle individual objects

a. are completely separated from of a universal form.

b. are a disunity of a universal form and a unique content or matter.

c. are a unity of a universal form and a unique content or matter.

d. two of the above.

e. none of the above.

5. According to Aristotle there is

a. “no form without matter, no matter without form.”

b. “form without matter, and matter without form.”

c. “no form without matter but there is matter without form.”

d. “form without matter, but there is no matter without form.

e. two of the above.

6. Aristotle

a. endorses the Platonic view that moral evaluations of daily life presuppose a “evil” that is independent of experience, personality, and circumstances.

b. rejects the Platonic view that moral evaluations of daily life presuppose a “evil” that is independent of experience, personality, and circumstances.

c. endorses the Platonic view that moral evaluations of daily life presuppose a “good” that is independent of experience, personality, and circumstances.

d. rejects the Platonic view that moral evaluations of daily life presuppose a “good” that is independent of experience, personality, and circumstances.

e. two of the above.

7. According to Aristotle the basic moral principle

a. is not immanent in the activities of our daily lives.

b. is immanent in the activities of our daily lives and can be discovered through a study of them.

c. is immanent in our theoretical activities and can only be discovered through the processes of reasoning.

d. two of the above.

e. none of the above.

8. Aristotle begins his ethical inquiry with an empirical investigation of

a. what people fundamentally reject.

b. what people fundamentally love.

c. what people fundamentally desire.

d. what people fundamentally hate.

e. what people fundamentally reject and hate.

9. According to Aristotle happiness depends on

a. the full realization of one’s emotions.

b. the full realization of one’s rationality.

c. the full realization of one’s sensory organs.

d. the full realization of one’s memory.

e. all of the above.

10. According to Aristotle virtue refers to

a. the excellence of a thing.

b. the excellence of only humans.

c. the excellence of only animals.

d. the excellence of both animals and humans.

e. none of the above.

11. According to Aristotle virtue refers to

a. the disposition of a thing to perform ineffectively its proper function.

b. the disposition of a thing to perform ineffectively its improper function.

c. the disposition of a thing to perform effectively its improper function.

d. the disposition of a thing to perform effectively its proper function.

e. none of the above.

12. According to Aristotle just as a “virtuous” knife cuts well, and a “virtuous” physician successfully restores patients to health

a. a virtuous person lives according to emotion.

b. a virtuous person lives according to sensory experience.

c. a virtuous person lives according to reason.

d. a virtuous person lives according to justice.

e. all of the above.

13. According to Aristotle there are

a. 4 types of human virtue.

b. 3 types of human virtue.

c. 2 types of human virtue.

d. 1 types of human virtue.

e. none of the above.

14. According to Aristotle there are 2 types of human virtue

a. social and intellectual.

b. moral and intellectual.

c. social and moral.

d. moral and political.

e. intellectual and political.

15. According to Aristotle moral virtues concern

a. the theoretical choice of actions in accordance with habitual choices.

b. the theoretical choice of actions.

c. the habitual choice of actions.

d. the habitual choice of actions in accordance with rational principles.

e. two of the above.

16. According to Aristotle the contemplation of theoretical truths and the discovery of the rational principles that ought to control everyday actions

a. give rise to the idea of justice.

b. give rise to moral virtues.

c. give rise to the intellectual virtues.

d. give rise to moral and intellectual virtues.

e. all of the above.

17. According to Aristotle

a. very few people attain intellectual virtue.

b. many people attain intellectual virtue.

c. moral virtue is not within the reach of ordinary people.

d. moral virtue is within the reach of ordinary people.

e. two of the above.

18. According to Aristotle

a. only practical investigations have a teleological basis.

b. only theoretical investigations have a teleological basis.

c. both practical and theoretical investigations have a teleological basis.

d. both practical and theoretical investigations have a basis in sensory experience.

e. none of the above.

19. According to Aristotle every art and every action and pursuit

a. aims at some bad.

b. sometimes aim at the good and sometimes the bad.

c. aims at knowledge.

d. aims at some good.

e. all of the above.

20. According to Aristotle

a. because not every art and every action and pursuit aim at some good, the good has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim.

b. because every art and every action and pursuit aim at some good, the good has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim.

c. because every art and every action and pursuit aim at some bad, the bad has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim.

d. because every art and every action and pursuit aim at some good, the bad has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim..

e. none of the above.

21. According to Aristotle

a. the ends of the subordinate arts are to be preferred to the ends of master arts.

b. the ends of master arts are to be preferred to the ends of subordinate arts.

c. the ends of intermediate arts are to be preferred to the ends of master arts.

d. two of the above.

e. none of the above.

22. According to Aristotle each theoretical pursuit has its appropriate end

a. but the science of ethics includes all the others in the sense that it determines their roles and directs their development.

b. but the science of metaphysics includes all the others in the sense that it determines their roles and directs their development.

c. but the science of politics includes all the others in the sense that it determines their roles and directs their development.

d. but the science of aesthetics includes all the others in the sense that it determines their roles and directs their development.

e. two of the above.

23. According to Aristotle each subject matter

a. has as much clearness as the subject matter admits.

b. has as much clearness as mathematics admits.

c. has as much clearness as metaphysics admits.

d. has as much clearness as the subject matter does not admit.

e. none of the above.

24. Aristotle

a. warns us against expecting a low degree of precision in political science.

b. warns us against expecting a low degree of precision in metaphysics.

c. warns us against expecting a high degree of precision in metaphysics.

d. warns us against expecting a high degree of precision in political science.

e. warns us against expecting a high degree of precision in epistemology.

25. According to Aristotle

a. a young person is a proper hearer of lectures on political science.

b. a young person is not a proper hearer of lectures on political science.

c. sometimes a young person is a proper hearer of lectures on political science.

d. sometimes a young person is a improper hearer of lectures on political science.

e. two of the above.

26. According to Aristotle among those who are sufficiently mature to discuss ethics

a. there is verbal agreement that the ultimate human good is knowledge.

b. there is intellectual agreement that the ultimate human good is knowledge.

c. there is verbal agreement that the ultimate human good is happiness.

d. there is intellectual disagreement that the ultimate human good is happiness.

e. there is verbal disagreement that the ultimate human good is happiness .

27. According to Aristotle among those who are sufficiently mature to discuss ethics

a. opinions about the precise nature of happiness are pretty much the same.

b. opinions about the precise nature of knowledge are pretty much the same.

c. opinions about the precise nature of metaphysics are pretty much the same.

d. opinions about the precise nature of happiness vary.

e. none of the above.

28. According to Aristotle since there are

a. many ends, in general we choose most of these for something else.

b. few ends, in general we choose most of these for something else.

c. many ends, in general we choose most of these for themselves.

d. few ends, in general we choose most of these for themselves.

e. two of the above.

29. According to Aristotle

a. the chief good is something preliminary.

b. the chief good is something final.

c. the chief good is something intermediate.

d. the intermediate good is something final.

e. none of the above.

30. According to Aristotle happiness is the final end because

a. we never choose it for itself.

b. we always choose it for the sake of something else.

c. sometimes we choose it for the sake of something else, sometimes we don’t.

d. we choose it always for itself and never for the sake of something else.

e. two of the above.

31. According to Aristotle happiness consists of two things

a. “activity of the soul,” which means the exercise of emotion, and “in accordance with virtue,” which describes the quality of the performance.

b. activity of the senses,” which means the exercise of emotion, and “in accordance with virtue,” which describes the quality of the performance.

c. “activity of the soul,” which means the exercise of reason, and “in accordance with virtue,” which describes the quality of the performance.

d. activity of the soul,” which means the exercise of the senses, and “in accordance with virtue,” which describes the quality of the performance.

e. none of the above.

32. According to Aristotle happiness requires

a. a complete life.

b. external goods (the proper equipment).

c. an incomplete life.

d. no external goods.

e. two of the above.

33. According to Aristotle which of the following items prevents happiness?

a. a very ugly appearance.

b. being ill born.

c. being solitary.

d. being childless.

e. all of the above.

34. According to Aristotle the nature of virtue depends on

a. the structure of the sensory organs.

b. the structure of the emotions.

c. the structure of the intellect.

d. the structure of the soul.

e. all of the above .

35. According to Aristotle the soul has two parts

a. a rational and an emotional component.

b. a sensory and an emotional component.

c. a sensory and an irrational component.

d. a rational and an irrational component.

e. none of the above.

36. According to Aristotle two functions fall to the rational part of the soul

a. the control of a human being’s rational propensities and the exercise of emotion for its own sake.

b. the control of a human being’s irrational propensities and the exercise of reason for its own sake.

c. the control of a human being’s irrational propensities and the exercise of emotion for its own sake.

d. the control of a human being’s rational propensities and the exercise of justice for its own sake.

e. all of the above.

37. According to Aristotle the virtues that correspond to the two functions of reason are:

a. intellectual and sensory.

b. intellectual and moral.

c. moral and sensory.

d. intellectual and sensory.

e. intellectual and emotional.

38. According to Aristotle the wise person:

a. personifies moral virtues.

b. personifies emotional virtues.

c. personifies sensory virtues.

d. personifies intellectual virtues.

e. all of the above.

39. According to Aristotle the continent person:

a. typifies moral virtues.

b. typifies intellectual virtue.

c. personifies emotional virtues.

d. personifies sensory virtues.

e. all of the above.

40. According to Aristotle intellectual virtue is attained:

a. by habits of choice.

b. through thinking about it.

c. through instruction and is evidenced by knowledge.

d. by exercising it.

e. all of the above.

41. According to Aristotle moral virtues are produced

a. by thinking about them.

b. through instruction.

c. by habits of choice.

d. two of the above.

e. none of the above.

42. According to Aristotle we get the virtues by first:

a. thinking about them.

b. thinking about them and exercising them.

c. exercising them.

d. through instruction.

e. all of the above.

43. According to Aristotle

a. none of the moral virtues arises in us by nature.

b. all of the moral virtues arises in us by nature.

c. all of the intellectual virtues arise in us by nature.

d. only some of the moral virtues arises in us by nature.

e. two of the above.

44. According to Aristotle the human personality has

a. five parts.

b. four parts.

c. three parts.

d. two parts.

e. one part.

45. According to Aristotle states of character that enable a person to fulfill his or her proper function:

a. aim at an excess point between the opposing extremes of the intermediate and deficiency.

b. aim at an defect point between the opposing extremes of the intermediate and excess.

c. aim at an intermediary point between the opposing extremes of excess and deficiency.

d. all of the above.

e. none of the above.

46. According to Aristotle every virtue or excellence

a. can bring into bad condition the thing of which it is an excellence and makes the work of that thing done well.

b. can bring into bad condition the thing of which it is an excellence and makes the work of that thing done badly.

c. can bring into good condition the thing of which it is an excellence and makes the work of that thing done badly.

d. both brings into good condition the thing of which it is an excellence and makes the work of that thing done well.

e. two of the above.

47. According to Aristotle the virtue of man

a. will be the state of character which makes a man good and which makes him do his own work well.

b. will be the state of intellect which makes a man good and which makes him do his own work well.

c. will be the state of emotions which makes a man good and which makes him do his own work well.

d. all of the above.

e. none of the above.

48. According to Aristotle the equal is

a. intermediate between the mean and defect.

b. intermediate between the mean and excess.

c. intermediate between excess and defect.

d. the excess between the intermediate and the defect.

e. the defect between the intermediate and the excess.

49. According to Aristotle the intermediate in the object:

a. is not equidistant from each of the extremes.

b. is equidistant from each of the extremes but is not the same for all men.

c. is not equidistant from each of the extremes and is not the same for all men.

d. is equidistant from each of the extremes and is the same for all men.

e. two of the above.

50. According to Aristotle the intermediate relative to us:

a. is either too little or too much.

b. is both too little nor too much, and this is not one and the same for all.

c. is neither too little nor too much, and this is not one and the same for all.

d. is equidistant from each of the extremes and is the same for all men.

e. is equidistant from each of the extremes but is not the same for all men.

51. According to Aristotle virtue is a state of character

a. not concerned with choices.

b. concerned with choice, lying in a mean, relative to us, determined by a rational principle.

c. concerned with choice, lying in a mean, relative to us, determined by an emotional principle.

d. concerned with choice, lying in an excess, relative to us, determined by an emotional principle.

e. concerned with choice, lying in a defect, relative to us, determined by an emotional principle.

52. According to Aristotle

a. every action and every passion admits of a mean.

b. only actions admit of a mean.

c. only passions admit of a mean.

d. not every action nor every passion admits of a mean.

e. none of the above.

53. According to Aristotle with regard to fear and confidence

a. courage is the mean.

b. courage is the excess.

c. courage is the defect.

d. courage both the excess and defect.

e. courage is the mean the excess and the defect.

54. According to Aristotle the primary tasks of reason are to:

a. to give us knowledge of fixed and invariable principles and to provide a rational guide for action in daily life.

b. to give us knowledge of unfixed and variable principles and to provide a rational guide for action in daily life.

c. to give us knowledge of unfixed and variable principles and to provide a emotional guide for action in daily life.

d. to give us knowledge of fixed and invariable principles and to provide an emotional guide for action in daily life.

e. two of the above.

55. According to Aristotle the primary tasks of intellect are

a. to give us knowledge of variable and unfixed principles.

b. to give us knowledge of invariable and fixed principles.

c. to provide an emotional guide for action in daily life.

d. to provide a rational guide for action in daily life.

e. two of the above.

57. According to Aristotle the life of contemplation

a. is the furthest from meeting the conditions for happiness.

b. comes closest to meeting the conditions for happiness.

c. comes closest to meeting the conditions for knowledge.

d. is the furthest from meeting the conditions for knowledge.

e. two of the above.

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