Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics Book I

Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics Book I

Greek Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary

Early Beta Edition This initial draft was completed in July 2021 and includes 55 pages of text and commentary with a running vocabulary list of words used 6 or more times in the introduction and an alphabetized list of the same words in the glossary. This draft has not been proofread. In a future revision, each of the 55 pages will include a facing page with a more detailed explanation of terminology and grammar to make the text more readable. Someday.

Geoffrey Steadman

Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics Book I Greek Text with Facing Vocabulary and Commentary

Beta Edition

? 2021 by Geoffrey Steadman

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The Greek text is the edition by Ingram Bywater first published in 1890.

ISBN-13: 978-0-9991884-4-6

Published by Geoffrey Steadman Cover Design: David Steadman

Fonts: Times New Roman, GFS Porson, New Athena Unicode

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Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics Book I Core Vocabulary (6 or more times)

The following is a running list of all 151 words that occur ten or more times in the Book I. An alphabetized list is found in the glossary. These words are not included in the commentary and therefore must be reviewed as soon as possible. The number of occurrences, noted at the end of the dictionary entry, were tabulated by the author. The left column indicates the page number where the word first occurs.

page 01 , -, -: good, 70 01 , -, -: he, she, it; same; -self, 68 01 , - (-): better, 10 01 : for, since, 128 01 : come to be, become, be born, 26 01 : but, and, on the other hand, 267 01 : seem (good), think, decide; , it seems, is thought, 22 01 : be, exist, 151 01 -, : activity, 22 01 : in, on, among. (dat.), 70 01 , : knowledge, understanding, 9 01 , : product, work; deed, act, 18 01 (), : (art of) medicine, 6 01 : and; also, even, too; in fact, actually, 426 01 : well, nobly, 10 01 : on the one hand, 75 01 , , : the, 767 01 : similarly, likewise, 14 01 , , : who, which, that, 39 01 - -: as many as; how many?, 10 01 , , : this, these, 122 01 : from, at, to (the side of); contrary, 9 01 , , : every, all, the whole, 36 01 , : wealth, riches, 7 01 , , : much, many, 28 01 , -, : action, deed, 23 01 (), : generalship, art of a general, 6 01 : and, both, 16 01 , -, : end (result), 21 01 , : craft, art, 6 01 , : anyone, -thing, someone, -thing, 101 01 : show; mid. appear, seem, 33

xiv

Running Core Vocabulary

01 : am (by nature); grow, bring forth, 11 02 , -, -: choiceworthy, chosen, 8 02 , -, -: other, one...another, 41 02 , , : every, all, quite all, 17 02 : exactly, precisely, just; accordingly, 28 02 -: differ, make a difference, 11 02 : to pursue, follow; prosecute, 6 02 , -, : ability, capacity, power, 7 02 : if, whether, 44 02 , , : one, single, alone, 25 02 : upon (gen.), to (acc.), near, at (dat.), 28 02 , -, -: other, different, 13 02 : or (either...or); than, 63 02 -: just as, according as, 19 02 : down (from, to), according to, in, 66 02 , , : say, call, name; mean, 76 02 -, -, -: no one, nothing, 21 02 , -, -: such, this sort, 30 02 , : manner, way; turn, direction, 6 02 : by, because of, (gen.), under, 13 02 : for the sake of (preceding gen.), 7 03 : seize, take; mid. choose, 7 03 : modal adv., 53 03 , -, -: best, most excellent, 12 03 , : life, 23 03 : at least; indeed; at any rate, 18 03 , -, : knowing, 6 03 : need, lack (gen.); mid. ask, request; impers. , it is necessary (inf.), 9 03 , -, -: clear, evident, 18 03 : through (gen); for the sake of, on account of (acc), 46 03 , -, -: himself, her-, it-, them-, 23 03 : into, to, in regard to (acc.), 6 03 : have; be able; be disposed; know, 32 03 , -, -: authoritative, decisive, 6 03 : most of all, mostly, especially, 13 03 : more, rather, 14 03 , , : big, great, important, 8 03 : not, lest, 28 03 : and so, then; at all events, 25 03 : thus, in this way, 27

Running Core Vocabulary

xv

03 (), : political (art), political science, 9 03 , -: to be done, 7 03 : to (acc.), near, in addition to (dat.), 24 03 , : who?, which?; why?, 21 03 : to chance upon, attain; happen, 7 03 : as, thus, so, that; when, since, 19 03 : so that, that, so as to, 11 04 , -, -: human, of a human, 10 04 , -, -: each, each one, 19 04 : still, besides; furthermore, in addition, 11 04 , -, -: god-like, divine, 8 04 , -, -: remaining, the rest, 6 04 , -, -: alone, only, solitary, 6 04 , -, -: which sort, who; for example, 16 04 : see, look, behold, 6 04 , -, -: what sort? what kind?, 6 04 , -, -: active, practical, 6 04 : do, accomplish, make, act, 12 04 , -, -: final, perfect, completed, 20 05 : from, away from. (gen.), 9 05 , -, -: just, right, lawful, fair, 7 05 , : out of, from (gen.), 20 05 , -, -: enough, sufficient; capable, 8 05 , -, -: beautiful; noble, fine, 11 05 , : word, speech, account, 43 05 , , , : not, 41 05 : around, about, concerning (acc/gen), 50 05 -: happen, occur, result, 9 05 , - : nature, 8 05 : as, just as, as if, 12 06 -: seek after, 7 07 : but, 37 07 : live, 11 07 , -, -: proper, fitting; one's own, 8 07 : do, make; bring about, 13 07 , : time, 7 08 -, : well-being, happiness, 26 08 : well, 13 08 : how? in what way?, 6 08 -: take up, reply; suppose, 7

xvi

Running Core Vocabulary

09 , : first principle; beginning, 14 09 : seek, look for, investigate, 13 09 , : pleasure, enjoyment, delight, 10 09 , , , : we, 10 09 : perhaps, probably; equally, likely, 16 09 : that; because, 21 09 , -, -: whether, which (of two)?, 6 10 : entirely, completely, wholely, 10 10 -: exist, be available; belong to, 13 11 -, -: without reason, irrational, 6 11 : seem, seem likely, be like (dat.), 13 11 : now; as it is, 6 11 -, -: political; politician, 8 12 , : virtue, excellence, 35 12 : perhaps; quickly, 6 13 -: nor; adv. not even, 18 14 , : form; look, appearance, 10 14 , -, -: common, ordinary; public, 8 14 - -: dear, friendly; friend, kin, 11 15 -: if really; if, as is true; since, 7 16 , : human being, person, man, 16 16 , -, -: opposite, contrary, 8 16 : somehow, in any way, 8 16 : place, put, set; assign, 10 18 , -, : body, 8 18 , : chance, luck, fortune, 14 18 , : soul, spirit; breath, life, 21 21 , (-): more, 7 25 , -, -: good, excellent; earnest, 8 26 -, -: happy, well off, 18 26 , -, -: blessed, happy, 13 28 -: define, distinguish; divide, 6 29 : outside; out of, far from (gen.), 6 31 , -, -: pleasant, sweet, glad, 7 31 , -, -: most noble or beautiful, 8 32 -: and not, neither...nor, 6 37 , -, -: miserable, wretched, pitiful, 6 37 : deem blessed or happy, 6 47 : praise, approve, commend, 6

Ends and Goods (I.1)

1094a

, 1 , , . , . , - 5 . , , , .

-: declare, present, show, 2 -, : difference, 5 ( ): on account of which, for which reason, 5 -: send to; mid. aim at (gen), 5 -, : inquire, investigation, method, 3 - (), : ship-building

, : victory, 2 - (), : economics; art of the household, 2 , : vessel, ship -, -, : choice; decision, 4 , : health, soundness, 4

1 () () : ellipsis; adj. modifies all four subjects

2 : some; gen. sg. indefinite adj., : pres. mid. inf. -, which governs a partitive gen. object : 3s but with four nom. subjects

3 () () : that the good (is)...; ind. disc. with missing inf. ; is crasis for : (that) which...; () ; relative clause with gen. sg. ; the missing antecedent is the acc. predicate of (): neut. pl. subject governs 3s verb : 3s pres. mid. - + gen.

4 ()... : some (ends)... others...; : besides them; `alongside ` them,' i.e.in addition to or over and

above them; i.e. the ; both the activities and the products of the activities 5 ... : and in those among...; the relative precedes the antecedent : -, a common neut. pl. ending 6 : (), neut. pl. predicate : are (by nature); pf. , 3p subject : than...; gen. of comparison ......: since...; gen. abs. with pple , causal in sense; translate pl. as `sciences' 8 : also; adverbial ( ) () : ellipsis; supply the subject and verb from above for this and the clauses that follow

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The Highest Good and Political Science (I.2)

1094a

, 10 , , : : 15 . , . 2.

(), : master art, 2 , -, -: that, those, 5 (), : (art of) horsemanship , -, -: of horsemanship or a horse

, : instrument, tool; organ, 3 , -, -: of or for war, warlike, 2 (), : (art of) bridlemaking

10 ... (): and as many of such (arts) as... ; a relative clause with the antecedent and main clause missing assume `the ends (of such arts) are many' ( ) from ll. 7-8 ,: under...; i.e. there is a hierarchy of arts where many are subordinate to one art, as Aristotle explains below; translate as `capacity' ...: just as...; `according to which very things...' a relative clause of comparison

11 () 12 : but this (art)...; i.e.

() : add verb 13 ...: in..., according to...;

in the attributive position (following an article) means `same;' is intensive ( ) (): ellipsis; is an elided and aspirated

14 ()... : than...; gen. of comparison; refers to and is in the attributive position modifying : comparative nom. pred.

16 () (): crasis; is adv. `also; i.e. () above : it makes no difference; `it differs not at all,' is an inner acc. (`no difference') : that...; ind. disc. with inf. ; is intensive

17 : besides them; `alongside them,' i.e.in addition to or over and above...; i.e. the ...: just as...; see note line 10

18 ...: in the case of... : aor. pass. pple ; i.e. the various arts mentioned in lines 8ff. : then;'clearly,' inferential

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