Applications and processing of metals and alloys

Applications and processing of metals and alloys

Engineering Materials 2189101

Chedtha Puncreobutr

Department of Metallurgical Engineering Chulalongkorn University



Metals and their uses

Chedtha Puncreobutr

2189101 ? Engineering Materials

2

Metals and Alloys

Pure Metals

Iron Copper Aluminium

Zinc Tin Gold

Alloys

(a mixture of two or more materials)

Brass ( Copper & Zinc) Steel (Iron & Carbon) Cast Iron (Iron & Carbon) Duralumin (Aluminium & Copper) Bronze (Copper, Tin, Phosphorus)

Chedtha Puncreobutr

2189101 ? Engineering Materials

3

Carbon and alloy steels

Carbon steels Classified as low, medium and high: 1. Low-carbon steel or mild steel, < 0.3%C, bolts, nuts and sheet plates. 2. Medium-carbon steel, 0.3% ~ 0.6%C, machinery, automotive and

agricultural equipment. 3. High-carbon steel, > 0.60% C, springs, cutlery, cable.

Stainless steels

? Characterized by their corrosion resistance, high strength and ductility, and high chromium content.

? Stainless as a film of chromium oxide protects the metal from corrosion

Tool steels

? Designed for high strength, impact toughness, and wear resistance at a range of temperatures.

? Alloying with Mo, W, Cr

Chedtha Puncreobutr

2189101 ? Engineering Materials

4

Fe-C True Equilibrium Diagram

T(?C)

1600

Graphite formation promoted by ? Si > 1 wt% ? slow cooling

+ g

1400

1200 g Austenite

1000

800

g +L

1153?C

L Liquid + Graphite

4.2 wt% C

g + Graphite

740?C

0.65

600

+ Graphite

400

0

1

2

3

4

90 100

(Fe)

C, wt% C

Chedtha Puncreobutr

2189101 ? Engineering Materials

5

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