The Late Middle Ages



Age of Anxiety, Rise of Totalitarianism, World War Two, Cold War & Post-Cold War

(1880-1940)

Textbook Chapters: 26, 27, 28, 29 & 30

Objectives

1. Contrast the European worldview before World War I with the worldview after, and explain what caused this transformation.

2. Explain how changes in philosophy, Christianity, physics, psychology, and literature reflected anxiety in Western thought.

3. Recognize the characteristics of modernism in architecture, art, and music.

4. Explain how the emerging consumer society and mass culture of the interwar years changed people’s everyday lives. Trace the development and explain the significance of movies and radio between ca. 1900 and the 1930s.

5. Explain how leaders dealt with the political dimensions of postwar uncertainty and tried to reestablish real peace and prosperity between 1919 and 1939, and explain why those leaders failed.

Terms and People

|PHILOSOPHY |MODERNISM IN ARCHITECTURE, ART, LITERATURE & MUSIC |POSTWAR POLITICS & ECONOMICS |

|Friedrich Nietzsche |modernism |John Maynard Keynes, Economic |

|Henri Bergson |Architecture |Consequences of the Peace |

|logical positivism |functionalism |Weimar Republic |

|Ludwig Wittgenstein |Walter Gropius / Bauhaus |Ruhr (French occupation, 1923) |

|existentialism |Painting |hyperinflation (Germany, 1923) |

|Jean-Paul Sartre |impressionism: ex. Monet, Renoir, |Dawes Plan (1924) |

|Albert Camus |Degas |Locarno Pact (1925) |

|RELIGION – CHRISTIAN EXISTENTIALISM |postimpressionism/expressionism: |Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) |

|Soren Kierkegaard |ex. Van Gogh, Gauguin, |Adolf Hitler |

|Karl Barth |Matisse |Social Democratic Party (SPD, |

|Gabriel Marcel |cubism: Picasso |Germany) |

|PHYSICS |futurism: Marinetti |Labour Party (Britain) |

|Marie Curie |Dadaism: ex. Duchamp |Great Depression |

|Max Planck / quanta |surrealism: ex. Dali |Franklin Delano Roosevelt |

|Albert Einstein / theory of special |Literature |New Deal |

|relativity |stream-of-consciousness technique |Social Democrats (in Scandinavia) |

|Ernest Rutherford |James Joyce / Ulysses |Popular Front |

|Werner Heisenberg / principle of |Music | |

|uncertainty |Igor Stravinsky / The Rite of Spring | |

|PSYCHOLOGY |atonal music | |

|Sigmund Freud | | |

|id / ego / superego |CONSUMER SOCIETY | |

| |“modern girl” | |

| |Leni Riefenstahl / The Triumph of | |

| |the Will | |

Rise of Totalitarianism & World War II

Chapter 27

Objectives

6. Define totalitarianism, and explain how it is different from authoritarianism (and other terms like authoritarianism, ex. absolutism, dictatorship, autocracy).

7. Distinguish between “totalitarianism of the left” (communism) and “totalitarianism of the right” (fascism).

8. Explain how Stalin built a totalitarian state in the Soviet Union.

9. Explain how Mussolini obtained power in Italy, and identify the features of Fascist rule.

10. Explain the factors that enabled Hitler to come to power, and identify the features of Nazi rule.

11. Explain the causes and consequences of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).

12. Explain the causes of and events leading to World War II (Hitler’s path of aggression and Allied policy of appeasement. Explain how unsolved problems that lingered after WWI helped ignite another global conflict.

13. Describe the course of World War II: identify the 2 theaters of war, significant battle strategies, and a few important battles. [Note: Guide your response to this question based on the terms below; I have provided a very limited list of battle information, and will not test you on others.]

14. Explain how World War II came to an end.

15. Explain what the Holocaust was and the steps the Nazis took in their effort to wipe out European Jewry.

Terms and People

|TOTALITARIANISM |GERMANY |WORLD WAR II |

|authoritarianism |Adolf Hitler |Path to War (1933-1939) |

|totalitarianism |Nazis (NSDAP) |appeasement |

|communism |Munich Beer Hall Putsch (1923) |Rome-Berlin Axis (1936) |

|fascism |Mein Kampf |Anschluss (1938) |

|eugenics |Lebensraum (“living space”) |Sudetenland |

| |Führer |Munich Conference (1938) |

|SOVIET UNION |Aryan |Danzig |

|New Economic Policy (NEP) |Enabling Act (1933) |Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact |

|Joseph Stalin |SA (Brown Shirts) |(1939) |

|Leon Trotsky |SS |War (1939-1945) |

|“socialism in one country” |Gestapo |2 sides: Allies vs. Axis |

|USSR (1922-1991) |Nuremberg Laws (1935) |2 theaters: Europe & the Pacific |

|five-year plans |Kristallnacht (1938) |blitzkrieg |

|collectivization | |Vichy France (1940-1944) |

|kulak |SPAIN |Battle of Britain (1940) |

|Great Purges |Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) |Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941) |

| |Francisco Franco |New Order |

|ITALY | |Europe first policy |

|Benito Mussolini | |Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943) |

|Black Shirts | |D-Day (Normandy, June 6, 1944) |

|March on Rome (1922) | |island hopping campaign |

|Lateran Agreement (1929) | |Hiroshima & Nagasaki (1945) |

| | | |

| | |HOLOCAUST |

| | |Final Solution |

| | |concentration camps |

| | |Auschwitz-Birkenau |

The Cold War, 1945-1991

Chapters 28&29

Objectives

1. Explain the causes of the Cold War.

2. Trace the development of relations between the Soviet Union and the West during the Cold War. Identify periods of tension and periods of cooling, and key events associated with each.

3. Western Europe

a. Trace political trends in Western Europe during the Cold War.

b. Trace economic trends in Western Europe during the Cold War. As part of the timeline, be sure to: (1) Explain how and why Western Europe recovered so successfully from World War II. (2) Explain the causes and consequences of the 1970s economic crisis.

c. Discuss the impact that WWII had on European empires.

4. Soviet Union

a. Identify the key Cold War era Soviet leaders and their policies.

b. Explain how the Soviet Union and communist Eastern Europe recovered from World War II. Compare and contrast their recovery to that of Western Europe.

5. Explain how and why the Cold War came to an end.

a. Identify and explain Gorbachev’s reforms in the Soviet Union.

b. Identify the important leaders and pivotal events in the 1989 revolutions throughout Eastern Europe– in Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Romania.

c. Explain how and why Germany reunified in 1990.

d. Explain how and why the Soviet Union disintegrated in 1991.

6. Analyze the challenges and the successes in the movement toward European unity.

7. Identify and describe the Cold War era social transformations in the areas of science and technology, social class structure, women’s roles (including the birth of feminist movement in the 1970s), and youth culture. Explain why each of these transformations took place and their consequences.

Terms and People

|Cold War Origins |Soviet Union & Eastern Europe |Cold War Ends |

|Tehran Conference (Nov. 1943) |Joseph Stalin (1924-1953) |Solidarity |

|Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) |Nikita Khrushchev (1955-1964) |Pope John Paul II |

|Potsdam Conference (July 1945) |de-Stalinization |Gdansk Agreement |

|Big Three: Churchill, FDR, Stalin |Hungarian Revolution (1956) |Lech Walensa |

|“iron curtain” (Mar. 1946 speech) |Berlin Wall (1961) |Revolutions of 1989 |

|Truman Doctrine (Mar. 1947) |Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) |Velvet Revolution |

|containment |Boris Pasternak / Doctor Zhivago |Václav Havel |

|Marshall Plan (June 1947) |Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn / One Day in |Boris Yeltsin (1991-1999) |

|Berlin blockade & Berlin airlift (1948) |the Life of Ivan Denisovich |Paris Accord (1990) |

|NATO (1949) |Leonid Brezhnev (1964-1982) | |

|Warsaw Pact (1955) |re-Stalinization |Social Transformations |

| |Prague Spring (1968) |Big Science |

|Western Europe |Alexander Dubček |space race |

|decolonization |Brezhnev Doctrine (1968) |counterculture |

|neocolonialism |Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991) |Simone de Beauvoir / The Second Sex |

|Christian Democrats |perestroika |Betty Friedan / The Feminine Mystique |

|welfare state |glasnost | |

|OPEC |Josip Broz Tito (Yugoslavia) |European Unity |

|oil shocks (1970s) | |Treaty of Rome (1957) |

|détente (1970s) | |European Economic Community / |

|Final Act of Helsinki Conf. (1975) | |Common Market (1958-1993) |

|Konrad Adenauer (W. Ger., 1949- 1963) | |Maastricht Treaty (1992) |

|Willy Brandt (W. Germany, 1969-1974) | |European Union, EU (1993-present) |

|Helmut Kohl (Germany, 1982-1998) | | |

|Margaret Thatcher (UK. 1979-1990) | | |

Post-Cold War Europe

Chapter 30

Objectives

1. Explain how, in the 1990s, the different parts of Europe met the challenges of postcommunist reconstruction, resurgent nationalism, and economic union.

2. Describe common economic and political patterns and problems in Europe in the 1990s.

3. Explain the causes, key events, and consequences of the Yugoslav civil wars of the 1990s.

4. Trace the continuation of the movement toward European unity and the challenges it faced.

5. Identify the new challenges facing Europe as it proceeds through the 21st century – population decline, growth of immigration, the rise of militant Islam, and Europe’s role in the global era.

Terms and People

|European Unity |Russia |

|Maastricht Treaty (1992) |Vladimir Putin |

|European Union (1993-present) |Chechnya |

| | |

|Yugoslavia | |

|Slobodan Milosevic | |

|Bosnia-Herzegovina | |

|Srebenica | |

|Kosovo | |

Calendar

|4/11 |4/12 |4/13 |4/14 |4/15 |

| | | | | |

|EQ: How did intellectual |EQ: How were the ideas of |EQ: What role did propaganda |EQ: What is fascism? Give a |EQ: Why did the Nazis come to |

|developments reflect the |Friedrich Nietzsche and |play in totalitarian regimes? |comprehensive definition of |power? |

|general crisis in Western |expression of the age of | |fascism. | |

|Thought? |anxiety? |**Bring earphones today. | | |

| | |1. On your own, watch the |Read Italian Fascism Questions|DBQ Outline |

|Age of Anxiety Overview and |Nietzsche Quotations and |first 18 minutes of Triumph of| | |

|Lecture |Nietzsche explained in |Will (Through the Hitler Youth|Discussion Qs for "What is |HW: Read Chapter 27 (pages |

| |cartoons. |Encampment). This is a Nazi |Fascism?": (1) Look for |908-919), complete Reading Log & |

|Modern Art & Music | |Propaganda film. It is posted |textual evidence that |Spanish Civil War Reading |

| | |on the website or you can |illustrates characteristics of| |

|HW: Read Chapter 26 and |HW: Age of Anxiety Documents |search it on Youtube |fascism that you read about in| |

|complete The Age of |and Questions & Read Chapter | |the first reading. (2) Look | |

|Anxiety-Uncertainty in Modern |27 pages 896-900 and complete |2. Reading: The Rise of |for and interpret textual | |

|Thought questions posted on |reading log. |Totalitarianism (this reading |evidence that adds to your | |

|the website. by tomorrow | |is the lecture in full, so you|definition of fascism. | |

| | |will use this instead of |- Discussion Qs for the | |

| | |lecture). Also Posted on the |Fascist Decalogue: (1) What | |

| | |website. |are your favorite | |

| | | |commandments? (2) What does | |

| | |HW: Continue reading Chapter |(1)3. mean? (3) What can you | |

| | |27 (pages 908-910) and Reading|deduce about the Fascist state| |

| | |Log. |from these versions of the | |

| | | |Decalogue? In other words, | |

| | |Mrs. Ramirez will be out |what can you add to your | |

| | |today. Be good ( |definition of Fascism? | |

| | | |HW: Continue Reading Chapter | |

| | | |27 (pages 911-919), Reading | |

| | | |Log and Read Hitler Biography | |

| | | |& Hitler Timeline (posted on | |

| | | |the website). Be prepared to | |

| | | |share what you learned about | |

| | | |Hitler. | |

|4/18 |4/19 |4/20 |4/21 |4/22 |

| | |EQ: How were the Nazis able to|EQ: What was the course and |EQ: How was the Holocaust part of |

|EQ: Why did the Nazis come to |EQ: How did the Soviet |mount an effective offensive |outcome of WWII? |Hitler’s final solution? |

|power? |totalitarian state regulate |during WWII? | | |

| |every aspect of the lives of | |World War II Interactive Web |Holocaust |

| |its citizens? |Blitzkrieg Game |Quest | |

|DBQ Outline Continued | | | |Due: Chapter 27 Reading Log |

| |Stalin Learning Stations |HW: Read pages 920-931 and |Introduce Cold War FRQ | |

|HW: Read Chapter 27 (focus on | |Reading Log | |Chapter 27 Quiz |

|pages 900-908), complete |HW: Read pages 920-931 and | |HW: Read pages 920-931 and | |

|Reading Log & Spanish Civil |Reading Log | |Reading Log |HW: Read chapter 28 pages 934-956 |

|War Reading | | | |complete reading log and complete |

| | | | |Cold War Questions |

| | | | | |

|4/25 |4/26 |4/27 |4/28 |4/29 |

|Lecture: Cold War with handout| | | | |

| |Due: Cold War Questions |Due: Chapter 28 Reading Log | |Due: Chapter 29 Reading Log |

| | | |Read & Annotate Causes for | |

|HW: Read chapter 28 pages |Cold War Political Cartoons | |Collapse Secondary Source |Lecture: Post Cold War |

|934-956 complete reading log | |Cold War Trends Lecture with | | |

|and complete Cold War |Origins of the Cold War |handout |HW: Read Chapter 29 |Lukacs Reading: “The Short |

|Questions |Secondary Source | | |Century-It’s Over” |

| | | | |HW: Just Read Chapter 30. No |

| |HW: Read Chapter 28 pages |HW: Read Chapter 29 & Reading |HW: Read Chapter 29 & Reading |Reading Log. |

| |956-967 |Log |Log | |

|5/2 |5/3 |5/4 |5/5 |5/6 |

| | | | | |

|REVIEW |REVIEW |REVIEW |REVIEW |AP EXAM DAY |

| | | | |12-4PM |

| | | | | |

| | | | |GOOD LUCK!! |

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