Child care for Canadian children and families: A ...

Child Care for Canadian Children and Families

Occasional Paper No. 1

Martha Friendly Laurel Rothman

Mab Oloman 1991

Originally Prepared for:

Canada's Children: The Priority for the 90s

A national symposium held by the Child Welfare League of America/Canada Ottawa, October 27-30, 1991

TABLE OF CONTENTS

MEMBERS OF THE REVIEW COMMITTEE

i

PREFACE: THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE

RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

ii

PART I.

BACKGROUND

1

INTRODUCTION: CHANGING FAMILIES, CHANGING NEEDS

1

CHILD CARE AS A SOCIAL POLICY ISSUE

2

WHAT IS CHILD CARE?

3

WHO IS CHILD CARE FOR?

6

PART II.

WHAT IS THE PROBLEM?

7

A FAMILY'S SEARCH FOR CHILD CARE

7

AVAILABILITY OF CHILD CARE: NEED, DEMAND AND SUPPLY

10

THE HIGH COST OF CHILD CARE FOR PARENTS: AFFORDABILITY

14

CHILD DEVELOPMENT: THE IMPACT OF THE QUALITY OF CHILD CARE

15

PART III. WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?

18

CURRENT NATIONAL CHILD CARE POLICY

18

POLICY ISSUES

20

CHILD CARE AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN THE 1980S

24

CHILD CARE IN 1991: WHERE ARE WE NOW? WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?

25

ENDNOTES

29

REFERENCES

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THANKS TO...

...The Child Welfare League of America/Canada for their permission to publish this report, which was prepared for their conference, as Occassional Paper No. 1; ...members of the Review Committee who provided a variety of insightful perspectives about child care. To those of you who made extensive, substantive comments on the paper, thank you; ...June Pollard and Lori Schmidt for the creative idea of illustrating Canada's child care problems by using a family case study; ...Lori Schmidt and Chris Gehman for competent background work and very welcome editorial advice; ...finally, the Child Care Branch of the Ontario Ministry of Community and Social Services, whose on-going support of the Childcare Resource and Research Unit (Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto) allows work like this paper to be carried out.

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MEMBERS OF THE REVIEW COMMITTEE

The members of the Review Committee assisted with the development of this paper by contributing useful and constructive criticism at several points. Committee members' affiliations are listed for information purposes only; the opinions presented in this paper do not necessarily represent the positions of the organizations which are identified.

Howard Clifford National Advisor, Child Care Programs, Health and Welfare Canada Ottawa

Lise Corbeil Executive Director; National Anti-Poverty Organization Ottawa

Janet Davis Child Care Program Advisor, Toronto Board of Education; President, Ontario Coalition for Better Child Care Toronto

Dorothy Dudek Executive Director, Manitoba Child Care Association Winnipeg

Dr. Robert Glossop Director of Programs and Research, Vanier Institute on the Family Ottawa

Sandra Griffen Past-President, Canadian Child Day Care Federation; Department of Child Care, University of Victoria Victoria, British Columbia

Sharon Hope Irwin Director, Specialink; Child Care Advocates of Nova Scotia Sydney, Nova Scotia

Irene Kyle Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Family Studies, University of Guelph Toronto

Dr. Donna S. Lero Principal Investigator, National Child Care Study; Associate Professor, Department of Family Studies, University of Guelph Guelph

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Penni Richmond Women's Bureau, Canadian Labour Congress Ottawa

i

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