Human Memory



CMM1108- Assignment 1 (Creative Report)Human MemoryA basic overview of Human Memory, its primary functions and importance.Zoe Lent10138330Fig A (University of California, 2009) 1centercenterHuman MemoryBy Zoe LentMemory is the mental ability to store and recall information. It is a concept that refers to the process of remembering. It is important to understand how your memory works in order to maintain function and to help keep your mind healthy. Sensory Memory – acts as a buffer for stimuli that are received through the senses. Sensory memory exists in each sensory channel. (Baddeley, 1997 p. 9)Iconic memory for visual stimuliEchoic memory for aural stimuliHaptic memory for touch Information is passed from the sensory memory into the short-term memory by attention and focus. (Baddeley, 1997 p. 9)Short Term Memory – acts as a temporary recall of information under process. Short-term memory decays rapidly and has little capacity. Short-term memory is usually held for about thirty seconds. Long Term Memory – is intended for storage of information over a long period of time. Information from the working memory is transferred over after a few seconds. Unlike short term memory there is little decay. Fig. 1 (Camazine, 2008) When knowledge is committed to long-term memory, it is engaged in the long term memory process; encoding, retrieval and storage. Repeated exposure to a stimulus or rehearsal of information transfers it into long-term memory. (Mohs, 2009) Deletion of long-term memory is mainly caused by decay and interference. Decay is not as common as that within short-term memory. Emotional factors also affect long-term memory greatly. (Mohs, 2009) The three stages in the Long Term Memory Process:Encoding: is the registration of information, as well as the receiving, processing and combining of received information. Storage: is the creation of a permanent record of the stored information. Retrieval: is when the mind calls back the stored information in response to a cue for use in a process or activity. (Schacter, 1996)Fig 2 Encoding, Storage and Retrieval (Scientific Journals, 2007) Recall and Recognition – these are the two types of information retrieval. Recall: is when information is reproduced from the memory. It can be assisted by the provision of retrieval clues. Recognition: is the presentation of information. It provides the knowledge that the information has been seen before. Recognition is of a lesser complexity than recall as information is provided as a cue for memory function. (Baddeley, 1997 p. 197) Each form of memory is held and functioned by different parts of the brain. Things we learn and remember are not processed by the same neural mechanisms.Declarative Memory: this is the memory that stores facts and events; for example the memory of dates, historical facts and telephone numbers. Procedural Memory: this is the memory that stores procedure and abilities; such as how to drive a car, ride a bike, rules of how to play a basketball or football game.Conclusion: Memory is a very complicated process that we still do not fully understand. Scientists are learning more about human memory function every day. It is important to be aware of our memory, like all other aspects of our health. We should strive to keep our brains active, take time out from stress, drink plenty of water and get lots of sleep to help preserve our memory, mind and overall well being. Design Principles used: In this report I used various design principles to present this information. Page Layout: For the layout of the pages of the report, I used columns to present the information to put the reader in mind of an article. The style of the two columns is relatively basic but looks very neat and presentable. It also allows the reader to access the information quickly.Text Body: The main text bodies of this text are structured in neat paragraphs. This draws the reader in because text is well organized and easy to read. Images: For the use of images in this report, I demonstrated the use of clip art which I found very useful for when doing a report under word. Clipart offers a wide range of images that are pleasant to look at and it is very easy to find ones that are relevant to whatever topic you may be presenting. I also used diagrams from the internet, which help to back up the information shown on human memory in the article. I used some bright images to capture the reader’s interest and attention.Typography: For the font in this report, I chose to use Baskerville Old Face which is very neat and easy to read. I feel that this font adds to the element of a report. I chose to use font size 12 to help with legibility.Colours: The colours used were mainly light blues and blacks to keep the design of the report looking official. I find that the repetition of colours helps to keep the rhythm the same and creates a form of pattern and organisation, creates unityCover Page: My aim for the cover pages was to keep it basic. I like to keep things rather simplistic but neat to create a professional, grown up feel.Design Elements:Repetition: I feel I demonstrated repetition in colours and text used within this report. I did this by keeping the text in columns throughout the report, and keeping the main feature colours as blue and black. I also made sure all sub headings were in bold. I kept a similar structure throughout to help the report flow smoothly. I feel that the repetition used assists with organisation and prepares the reader for what they will see next. It helps to keep it familiar and draws the reader in. (Evans & Thomas, 2008, p. 14)Hierarchy: I feel I demonstrated hierarchy in this report on page 2. I made the first paragraph of the report larger than the rest of the page to emphasise to the reader that is what they should be looking at first. This allows them to read the information they are drawn to first, which I have designed to give them an overview of the assignment. (Evans & Thomas, 2008, p. 5)Balance: Balance is shown throughout this report through the distribution of the two columns. The columns keep the pages looking even, well balanced and neatly in proportion. (Evans & Thomas, 2008, p. 8)Reference List:Baddeley, A. (1997 ) Human memory theory and practice East Sussex: Psychology Press Taylor and Francis Group. Available from Baddeley, A. (1997) Human memory theory and practice East Sussex: Psychology Press Taylor and Francis Group. Available from , P. & Thomas, M. (2008) The elements of design Clifton Park NY: Delmar Cengage Learning Mohs, R. (2009) How human memory works Retrieved March 14th 2009 from , D. (1996) Encoding and Retrieval Retrieved March 20th 2009 from 1: Camazine, S. (2009) How does human memory work Retrieved March 20th from 2: Scientific Journals (2007) Encoding, storage and retrieval Retrieved March 20th from A : University of California (2009) Human memory Retrieved March 8th 2009 from Self Evaluation Table: MarkComments12345Quality of the product & submissionI feel that the information and detail in this assignment is quite good. I tried to keep it fairly basic, but very informative and well presented. I feel I demonstrated the techniques we have learnt so far within this unit to a fair standard. I am pleased with the overall look of the assignment.xDepth of information & discussion I feel that I sufficiently covered my creative report topic question and managed to keep the information on human memory interesting and informative. I feel that I described my design strategies quite well and kept it relevant to the topic.xQuality of the conceptual underpinningsI think I promoted the visual design techniques we have learnt so far within this unit in this assignment reasonably well. xQuality of referencingI referenced all materials I used to assist me within this assignment. I tried to stick to the referencing guidelines of ECU as much as possible. I used a wide range of sources within this assignment and have provided reference for all of them. x ................
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