Examination of male genitals and secondary sexual ...
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Clinical Summary Guide
Step-by-Step: Male Genital Examination
Examination of male genitals and secondary sexual characteristics.
Testicular volume
Testicular volume is assessed using an orchidometer; a sequential series of beads ranging from 1 mL to 35 mL (see Image 1). Testicular volume is measured using the following steps:
1. Conduct the examination in a warm environment, with the patient lying on his back
2. Gently isolate the testis and distinguish it from the epididymis. Then stretch the scrotal skin, without compressing the testis
3. Use your orchidometer to make a manual side-by-side comparison between the testis and beads (see image 2)
4. Identify the bead most similar in size to the testis, while making allowance not to include the scrotal skin.
Normal testicular volume ranges
Childhood
Puberty
< 3 mL
4-14 mL
Adulthood 15-35 mL
Clinical notes ? Asymmetry between testes is common (e.g. 15 mL versus
20 mL) and not medically significant ? Asymmetry is sometimes more marked following unilateral
testicular damage ? Testes are roughly proportional to body size ? Reduced testicular volume suggests impaired spermatogenesis ? Small testes ( ................
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