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Phrase Type Warm-Ups

Appositive Phrases are noun phrases that describe the adjacent (nearest connected) noun or pronoun.

← They can occur as sentence openers, subject-verb splits, or sentence closers.

← Appositive phrases will always begin with one of the following:

◦ The words “a” “an” or “the”

◦ An adjective or a noun

← Examples:

➢ The Iliad, an epic poem that covers the events of the Trojan War, was written by Homer.

➢ A epic tale of love and death, the Trojan War lasted for ten years.

➢ Odysseus is responsible for the fall of Troy, a historical city with important geographical

➢ ties.

➢ Odysseus, a cunning hero, faced many trials and tribulations throughout his twenty-year journey.

➢ Athena, the green eyed goddess, favored Odysseus and helped him along his journey.

Day 1: Complete the following sentences, adding an appositive phrase at each slash mark.

1. Greece, /_________________________________________________________________ , has a very rich history.

2. Mythology, /_________________________________________________________________ , has many interesting and unique stories.

3. /_________________________________________________________________ , the legend of the Trojan Horse has remained, and it is a figure in movies today.

4. The blind poet named Homer composed epics, / _________________________________________________________________ .

Day 2: Write four sentences, including an appositive phrase in each. You should include at least one sentence opener, one subject-verb splits, and one sentence closer. Each of your sentences should relate to The Odyssey.

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Participial Phrases describe nouns and pronouns. Present participles end in ing, and past participles end in ed.

← They can occur as sentence openers, subject-verb splits, or sentence closers.

← Examples:

◦ Fighting to make it home to his wife and child, Odysseus did not quake in the face of danger.

◦ Covering the events of the Trojan War, The Iliad described events that occurred prior to Homer’s Odyssey.

◦ The Trojan War lasted for ten years, destroying a beautiful Mediterranean city.

◦ Devoted to his wife and son, Odysseus was tireless in his efforts to return to Ithica.

Day 3: Complete the following sentences, adding a participial phrase at each slash mark.

1. Odysseus, /_________________________________________________________________ , wanted nothing more than to return home.

2. /_________________________________________________________________ , the Goddess Athena was friend to Odysseus along his journey.

3. Athena was a mythological goddess of war, /_________________________________________________________________ .

4. Poseidon, the god of the ocean and earthquakes, was hateful towards Odysseus, /_________________________________________________________________ .

Day 4: Write four sentences, including a participial phrase in each. You should include at least one sentence opener, one subject-verb splits, and one sentence closer. Each of your sentences should relate to The Odyssey.

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Absolute Phrases describe the condition of the attached noun. Absolutes begin with the words my, his, her, its, our, and their.

← They can occur as sentence openers, subject-verb splits, or sentence closers.

← Examples:

◦ Their hands raw, Odysseus’s men rowed tirelessly over the seas of the Ionian Sea.

◦ Her eyes cold and grey, the Goddess Athena was a friend to Odysseus

◦ Telemachus, his anger surmounting, left Ithica to search for news of his father.

◦ Penelope weaved a burial shroud for Odysseus, her heart filled with longing.

Day 5: Complete the following sentences, adding an absolute phrase at each slash mark.

5. /_________________________________________________________________ , the suitors were a greedy pack of disrespectful men.

6. Zeus, /_________________________________________________________________ , sent lightening bolts to punish Odysseus’s men for slaughtering Helios’s cattle.

7. His heart aching, /_________________________________________________________________ , Odysseus continued his journey alone.

8. Calypso desired for Odysseus to remain on her island forever, /_________________________________________________________________ .

Day 6: Write four sentences, including an absolute phrase in each. You should include at least one sentence opener, one subject-verb splits, and one sentence closer. Each of your sentences should relate to The Odyssey.

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Prepositional Phrases describe location or physical-space relationship. Prepositional phrases begin with a preposition (examples: at, with, through, toward, between, over, under, around, over…)

← They can occur as sentence openers, subject-verb splits, or sentence closers.

← Examples:

◦ Through dangerous seas, Odysseus battled monsters of the deep, including sirens, Scylla, and Charybdis.

◦ During a raging storm on the winedark sea, Odysseus finally made it home to Ithica.

◦ Penelope’s heart filled with anger and skepticism throughout Odysseus’s absence.

◦ Telemachus, in times of peril and in times of joy, sought advice from the gods.

Phrase Type Warm-Up Practice

Day 7: Complete the following sentences, adding a prepositional phrase at each slash mark.

1. Polyphemus, a man-eating Cyclops, trapped Odysseus’s men /_________________________________________________________________ .

2. /_________________________________________________________________ , Aeolous’s island was both a place of hope and despair for Odysseus.

3. Circe, /_________________________________________________________________ , turned Odysseus’s men into pigs.

4. Eumaeus, /_________________________________________________________________ , was Odysseus’s trusty old sheep herder.

Day 8: Write four sentences, including a prepositional phrase in each. You should include at least one sentence opener, one subject-verb splits, and one sentence closer. Each of your sentences should relate to The Odyssey.

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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