Greece Flashcard Vocabulary
Greece Flashcard Vocabulary
CLASSROOM SET – DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAPER!
• Balkan Peninsula – location of Greece
• Peloponnesus Peninsula – branches off of the Balkan peninsula, locationof Sparta
• Aegean Sea – Body of water the borders Greece to the east
• Polis – Greek work for city-state
• Dardanelles – Strait connecting the Sea of Marmara to the Aegean Sea
• Greek mountains – Helped and hindered the development of the Greek city states
• Iliad – tells the legend of the Trojan War
• Odyssey – tells what happened after the Trojan War
• Homer – blind poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
• Mythology – name of Greek’s polytheistic religion
• Zeus – Chief god, god of thunder
• Hera – Zeus’ wife, goddess of marriage
• Apollo – god light and music
• Athena – goddess of wisdom and warfare
• Artemis – goddess of the hunter and the moon
• Aphrodite – goddess of love and beauty
• Agora – Greek work for market place; public square
• Militaristic – focus of Spartan society
• Oligarchy – type of government in Sparta
• Direct Democracy – type of government in Athens
• Persian War – in this war the Greeks fought together against an external enemy (Persian)
• Delian League – League formed by Athens
• Peloponnesian League – League formed by Sparta
• Parthenon – temple on the acropolis in Athens
• Pericles – leader of Athens during the Golden Age, believed in democracy
• Colonization – lack of arable land and overpopulation caused this to happen in Greece
• Stages in Evolution of Athenian Democracy – monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, democracy
• Phidias – Greek sculptor who sculpted the Statue of Athena
• Doric, Ionic, Corinthian – Greek columns; architecture
• Peloponnesian War – War between Sparta and Athens, Sparta won
• Draco – a tyrant who created Athens’ first written law codes; very strict
• Solon – a tyrant who extended citizenship (outlawed slavery
• Democratic Principles – direct democracy, public debate, duties of the citizen
• Phalanx – battle formation used by the Greeks
• Marathon – famous Persian Wars land battle; Greece won
• Thermopylae – battle that the movie “The 300” was based on. Persia won this battle
• Salamis – famous water battle; Greeks use a new ship design called Trireme; Greece won
• Socrates, Plato, Aristotle – famous Greek philosophers
• Women, slaves, foreigners – could not participate in Athens’ democracy
• Aeschylus and Sophocles – great writers of Greek tragedies
• Herodotus – father of history; wrote Histories, a book about the Persian Wars
• Thucydides – Greek historian; wrote about the Peloponnesian War.
• Archimedes – mathematician who discovered the principles of buoyancy and density; designed a famous screw
• Hippocrates – father of medicine
• Euclid – the father of geometry
• Pythagoras – father of numbers; created the Pythagorean theorem
• Phillip II – father of Alexander the Great; leader of Macedonian army
• Alexander the Greek – established an empire from Egypt and Greece to the borders of India
• Hellenic – Greek
• Hellenistic Culture–Greek-like culture that blended with Oriental cultures
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