Atomic Structure Notes - shakopee.k12.mn.us
Atomic Structure Notes
Atoms: - Smallest particle of an element that
has all the properties of that element. - -Atoms are the basic building blocks
of matter that make up everyday objects. -2 main parts of an atom: Nucleus-99.9% of the atom's mass Electron cloud or energy rings -Atoms are made of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, & electrons
Atoms are composed of three primary particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons
Particle
Symbol
Location
Electrical Charge
Relative Mass (amu)
How do you find out
how many?
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Atoms are composed of three primary particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons
Particle Electron Proton Neutron
Symbol e-
P+ no
Location
Orbits nucleus in energy levels
Inside Nucleus
Inside Nucleus
Electrical Charge
-1 (negative)
+1 (positive)
0 (no charge/
neutral)
Relative Mass (amu)
1/1840
1
1
How do you find out
how many?
Atoms are neutral and therefore have the same # of electrons as protons
Atomic # (# of protons in an atom's nucleus), Element specific
Mass # minus atomic #
Electron Energy Levels
There is a unique number of electrons that can fit in each electron level.
Energy Level
1 2 3
How many electrons it holds up to
2 8 18
Determining Atomic Structure Using the Periodic Table
B 5 Boron 10.81
Chemical Symbol
Element Name
Atomic Number
Atomic Mass #: The
weighted average mass of all the isotopes (different versions) of an atom of a specific element; measured in atomic mass units, amu.
Mass #: Atomic Mass Number
rounded to the nearest whole number.
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