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Aggression, Altruism, and Attraction

|------Psychology of Aggression------ |

|Aggression: any physical or verbal behavior _______________ | |

|to hurt or destroy | |

| | |

|Genetic Influences: | |

|Aggression is ___________________ | |

|___ chromosome associated with aggression (males) | |

| | |

|Neural Influences: | |

|___________ stimulation causes instant aggressive action | |

|___________________ can lead to neurological disorders that cause aggression | |

|Chris Benoit clip, death row inmates stat | |

| | |

|Biochemical Influences: | |

|Hormones, alcohol, and other substances | |

|Correlation between _________________ and aggression | |

|Alcohol can ________ aggressive responses to frustration | |

| | |

|Psychological Influences: | |

|Frustration-Aggression Principle: frustration creates ________ which unleashes aggression (basketball melee) | |

|People can learn that aggression is __________ (bullying) | |

|_________________ can lead to aggression (Columbine) | |

|People can learn to be aggressive by _______________ aggression (Bobo doll study, Grand Theft Auto) | |

|------Psychology of Altruism------ |

|Altruism: the _______________ regard for others’ welfare | |

| | |

|Social Exchange Theory: we help if it will __________ us somehow (promotion, heroism attention, etc.) | |

|Social Responsibility Norm: expectation that we help those ____________ on us (children, grandparents, pets) | |

|Reciprocity Norm: we help those who have helped | |

|us (gift giving norms) | |

| | |

|Bystander Effect: the tendency for any given bystander | |

|to be _____________ to give aid if other bystanders are present | |

|Kitty Genovese and smoke-filled room examples | |

|------Psychology of Attraction------ |

|First Factor: _________________ | |

|Geographic nearness is the most powerful predictor for friendships and relationships | |

|You are most likely to marry someone in your own neighborhood | |

| | |

|Second Factor: __________________ | |

|Similar attracts, opposites retract | |

|Opposites CAN attract for ___________ relationships, but usually don’t last (excitement gives way to disharmony) | |

| | |

|Third Factor: ______________________ | |

|Number 1 most desirable trait (women lie about it) | |

|Attractiveness is different across the globe | |

|Weight, piercings, feet binding, neck lengthening | |

| | |

|Mere Exposure Effect: _______________________ to stimuli increases liking for them (Alphabet activity, face in the | |

|mirror) | |

| | |

|Male Standards of Beauty | |

|Worldwide: _____________, mature, symmetrical faces | |

|America: ______________, v-shape torso (__ waist to hip ratio) | |

| | |

|Female Standards of Beauty | |

|Worldwide: __________, symmetrical faces | |

|America: small _______, big ____, big lips, hourglass shape | |

|(__ waist to hip ratio), large breasts | |

|Body shape standards change over time (20s-50s-today) | |

| | |

|Physical Attractiveness Facts | |

|People who are good looking date more frequently, are more _______, get more favorable initial impressions, are more | |

|likely to get hired after a job interview, make more _____________ | |

|We ___________________ them to be healthier, happier, more socially skilled, and have higher self-esteem, but they | |

|___________________ | |

|Americans spend more on beauty supplies than on education, but women are more unhappier with their appearance today than | |

|ever before | |

|Babies ___________________ at attractive faces | |

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