STAISTICS, LEGAL, WOUNDS
STAISTICS, LEGAL, WOUNDS SUSAN TUCKER
| |Test positive |Test negative |
|Disease present |60 |90 |
|Disease absent |100 |900 |
1.Using the above table, what is the sensitivity of the test?
a) 0.4
b) 0.9
c) 0.15
d) 0.1
e) 0.6
2.What is the specificity of the test? Choose from above.
3.What is the false positive rate? Choose from above.
4.What is the false negative rate? Choose from above.
5.What is the disease prevalence? Choose from above.
6.Highly specific tests are best at determining what?
a) disease absence
b) disease presence
c) mortality
d) morbidity
e) all of the above
7.Who much of the data series is covered by one standard deviation from the mean?
a) 52
b) 59
c) 68
d) 72
e) 77
8.What is the mode?
a) the arithmetic average of all observations
b) the value of the middle number
c) the value of the highest number
d) the most commonly obtained value
e) the least commonly obtained value
9.What is the null hypothesis?
a) there is nothing in one group
b) there is nothing in two groups
c) there is no hypothesis
d) the answer to the hypothesis is zero
e) there is no difference between two populations
10.What is the p value?
a) Pointless
b) Population presence of a disease
c) The chi squared test result
d) The probability of obtaining a statistic of that magnitude or bigger if the null hypothesis is true
e) The probability of obtaining a statistic of that magnitude or smaller if the null hypothesis is false
11.How many days it take a wound to reach 100% of its original tensile strength?
a) 40
b) 100
c) 150
d) 250
e) 360
12.Which imaging modality is most successful at detecting suspected foreign bodies in wounds?
a) normal plain xray
b) plain xray ‘soft tissue view’
c) ultrasound
d) CT
e) Bone scan
13.Which is the best irrigation fluid for most wounds?
a) normal saline
b) povodine – iodine
c) aquesous chlorhexidine
d) chlorhexidine with cetramide
e) a combination of A and B
14.Which is the correct regimen for wound irrigation?
a) 21 gauge needle, 50 ml syringe
b) 21 gauge needle, 20 ml syringe
c) 19 gauge needle, 50 ml syringe
d) 19 gauge needle, 20 ml syringe
e) 1 litre bag with giving set wide open
15.When antibiotics are given for a wound with a high risk of infection, how should they be given in the ED?
a) orally prior to wound manipulation, with discharge prescription
b) iv prior to wound manipulation, with discharge prescription
c) a prescription to be filled on discharge
d) both A and B give the same result
e) infiltrated around wound i.m
16.Which wound is most likely to produce tetanus?
a) Intraoral laceration
b) scalp laceration with underlying skull fracture
c) crush injury to distal phalynx
d) frostbite
e) puncture wounds
17.Which suture should be used for wounds at risk of infection?
a) monofilament, natural
b) monafilament, synthetic
c) multifilament, natural
d) multifilament, synthetic
e) catgut
Name such a suture?
18.Which is false regarding staples?
a) they have a higher rate of infection than sutures
b) they are cheaper than sutures
c) they are quicker to insert than sutures
d) they are more painful to remove than sutures
e) they do not provide as accurate a finish as sutures
19.At which distance should two point discrimination be possible?
a) 2mm
b) 5mm
c) 7.5mm
d) 10mm
e) 15mm
20.Which is not readily seen on Xray?
a) all glass greater than 2mm
b) gravel
c) teeth
d) fish bone
e) steak bone
21.Human bites to what area have the highest rate of infection?
a) face
b) arm
c) shin
d) back
e) hand
(all the others have similar infection rates to non bite lacerations)
22.Regarding bites which is false?
a) all hand bites (animal and human) should be managed by delayed primary closure or secondary intention
b) primary wound closure to the head and neck is acceptable after appropriate wound irrigation
c) wounds less than1-2 cm have a lower rate of infection and can be safely treated with primary closure
d) infection with pasturella multicodia is specific to cat bites
e) infection with capnocytophaga caninorsus is secific to dog bites
23.Which antibiotic regimen is recommended in antibiotic guidelines for bites with a high risk of infection?
a) augmentin duo forte
b) penicillin
c) ampicillin
d) cephalexin
e) metronidazole plus penicillin
24.Which sort of puncture wound is prone to unusual infection not covered by the above regimen? What is the organism involved?
a) nail
b) glass
c) through athletic footwear
d) through leather soles
e) through thongs
25.Which wound does not require antibiotic prohylaxis upon discharge (assuming seen within 3 hours and appropriate wound care applied)?
a) intraoral
b) complicated dog bites
c) complicated human bites
d) all cat bites
e) plantar puncture wounds
f) axillary
26.Which is incorrect with regards to cat scratch disease?
a) the organism responsible is thought to be bartonella henselae
b) it is most commonly seen in the elderly
c) regional lymphademopathy is prominent feature from 10 days post bite
d) spontaneous resolution is usual but it may take 2-4 months
e) a small percentage have systemic complications
f) antibiotics is not usually recommend, unless immunosuppressed or HIV
27.Which is not required for consent?
a) freely given
b) specific
c) cover what is actually done
d) written
e) informed
28.Who cannot give consent?
a) 14 year old girl requesting a termination of pregnancy, she appears capable of making an informed decision
b) mildly demented elderly woman’s son for a haemarhoidectomy
c) guardianship board for a intubated lady for a below knee amputation
d) an certified psychiatric patient with only a small amount of impairment, for management of ingrown toenail
e) ok to give blood transfusion to a child whose parents are Jehovahs witnesses, despite their active opposition
29.What does the medical treatment act of Victoria apply to?
a) guidelines for medical treatment of certified psychiatric patients
b) guidelines for the medical treatment of minors whose parents are unable to be contacted
c) guidelines for medical treatment of intoxicated patients
d) guidelines for medical treatment of the mentally ill
e) guidelines for a competent patient to refuse medical care
30.Regarding law which is incorrect?
a) in a civil proceeding a doctor cannot disclose medical information without the consent of the patient
b) in a criminal proceeding a doctor cannot disclose medical information without the consent of the patient
c) in a civil case the decision is made on the “balance of probabilities”
d) in a criminal case the decision is made “beyond a reasonable doubt”
e) in all courts of law the inability to disclose medical information without consent is waived upon a patients death
ANSWERS
1)A 2)B 3)D 4)E 5)C 6)B 7)C 8)D 9)E 10)D 11)C 12)D
13)A 14)C 15)B 16)E 17)B, nylon 18)A 19)B 20)D 21)E 22)C 23)A
24)C, pseudomonas 25)F 26)B 27)D 28)B 29)E 30)B
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