Mrs. Maldonado's English Class
Looking for Author’s Craft in Fiction
When we talk about “author’s craft,” we are talking about the special tools, effects, and techniques that an author uses to make each piece special and different from every other piece. The following list will help you to guide your thinking. NO TEXT WILL HAVE EVERY ONE OF THESE TECHNIQUES.
While considering aspects of an author’s craft, think of the items on this list. If you can find an example of them in the text you’re reading, please include them in your annotations. Again, no text will have all of these techniques, but all texts will have several. There is no set number.
Fiction
• poetry
• short story
• novel/novella
• play
• epic poem
• comics/comic books
• fairy tales/fables
• comedy/humor
• mystery/crime
• romance
• tragedy
• drama
• tragicomedy
• sci-fi
Look at the sentences. Are they long? Are they short? What affect does this have?
What are the Graphics/other visual aspects of craft?
• font
• punctuation
• placement of the words on the page
• visual pictures or graphics
• color
• italics, bold, highlight, strikeout, word art, etc. . .
Are any Literary Devices (figurative language) used?
• metaphor
• simile
• allusion
• symbolism
• personification
• parallelism
• hyperbole
• understatement
• irony
o situational
o dramatic
o verbal
• repetition (like parallelism - listed above)
• synecdoche
• ambiguity
• apostrophe
• foreshadowing
• idiom
• cliché
• epithet
• alliteration
• euphemism
• rhetorical question
• oxymoron
• onomatopoeia
• dialect
• pun
• ethos/pathos/logos
• analogy
• jargon
• imagery
What is the tone of the text? How do you know?
Describe the word choice. Long words, academic words, technical jargon, slang, words related to the senses, words all connected to one metaphor, dialect, text speak, etc . . .
Who is the intended audience? Who is the actual audience?
Are the words used formal or informal?
What is the publication date? Does it connect to the topic?
What attention grabbing devices are used?
Are any allusions to other works made?
What are the narrative elements used?
a. setting
b. foreshadowing
c. characterization
d. dialogue
What is unique, original, or new in this text?
What is unsaid in the text? What is implied? How does this affect the text?
How does the title connect to the text?
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