Basic Atomic Structure Worksheet - Science - Home



Atomic Structure Worksheet

1. Define mass number:

The mass number is an integer (whole number) equal to the sum (addition) of the number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus.

2. Define atomic number:

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

3. The three subatomic particles of the atom are:

Protons, electrons, neutrons

4. What are the relative masses of a proton, a neutron and an electron?

Proton = 1 amu

Neutron = 1 amu

Electron = 0 amu

5. The atomic number tells you the number of ___protons___ in one atom of an element. It also tells you the number of ___electrons___ in a neutral atom of that element. The atomic number gives the “identity” of an element and its location on the periodic table.

6. The __(average) atomic mass__ of an element is the average mass of an element’s naturally occurring atoms, or isotopes, taking into account the masses of each isotope.

7. The __ mass number__ of an element is the total number of protons and neutrons in the ___nucleus___ of the atom.

8. The mass number is used to calculate the number of ___neutrons___ in one atom of an element. In order to calculate the number of neutrons you must subtract the ___protons/atomic number___ from the __mass number__.

9. For each of the following, determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons:

a) Lithium-6

Protons = 3

Neutrons = 3

Electrons = 3

b) Iron-58

Protons = 26

Neutrons = 32

Electrons = 26

c) Oxygen-17

Protons = 8

Neutrons = 9

Electrons = 8

d) Copper-65

Protons = 29

Neutrons = 36

Electrons = 29

e) Helium-3

Protons = 2

Neutrons = 1

Electrons = 2

10. For each of the following, determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons:

|a) |[pic] |

| |Protons = 6 |

| |Neutrons = 6 |

| |Electrons = 6 |

|b) |[pic] |

| |Protons = 6 |

| |Neutrons = 8 |

| |Electrons = 6 |

|c) |[pic] |

| |Protons = 19 |

| |Neutrons = 20 |

| |Electrons = 19 |

|d) |[pic] |

| |Protons = 19 |

| |Neutrons = 22 |

| |Electrons = 19 |

11. Determine the element’s symbol and the number of electrons in a neutral atom of:

a) Uranium U 92 electrons

b) Boron B 5 electrons

c) Chlorine Cl 17 electrons

d) Iodine I 53 electrons

e) Xenon Xe 54 electrons

12. Name the element which has the following numbers of particles:

a) 26 electrons, 26 protons Iron

b) 53 protons, 74 neutrons Iodine

c) 2 electrons (neutral atom) Helium

d) 20 protons Calcium

e) 86 electrons, 125 neutrons, 82 protons Lead

13. If you only know the following information can you determine what the element is? (Yes/No)

a) Number of protons Yes

b) Number of neutrons No

c) Number of electrons in a neutral atom Yes

d) Number of electrons in the valence shell No

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