CHAPTER 14: World War II and Its Aftermath



CHAPTER 14: World War II and Its Aftermath

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| |TERMS, PEOPLE, PLACES, AND EVENTS |READING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS |

|SECTION |Manchuria |Why did the League of Nations adopt the policy of appeasement in the face of fascist |

|1 |ultranationalists |aggression? |

| |Sino-Japanese War |Describe the German, Italian, and Japanese drives for empire. |

| |Haile Selassie |Why do you think people from other nations volunteered to fight in the Spanish Civil War? |

| |sanctions |How was the Munich Conference a turning point in the road toward world war? |

| |demilitarize |Why did Hitler and Stalin enter into the Nazi-Soviet Pact? |

| |appeasement |What convinced Britain and France to end their policy of appeasement? Why? |

| |pacifism | |

| |Neutrality Acts | |

| |Axis powers | |

| |Francisco Franco | |

| |Nationalists | |

| |Guernica | |

| |Anschluss | |

| |annexation | |

| |Sudetenland | |

| |Munich Conference | |

| |Neville Chamberlain | |

| |Edouard Daladier | |

| |Nazi-Soviet Pact | |

|SECTION |blitzkrieg |Describe Hitler’s blitzkrieg tactics. |

|2 |Luftwaffe |Why do you think that “the blitz” failed to break the morale of the British people? |

| |Maginot Line |Which regions fell under Axis rule between 1939 and 1941? |

| |Ardennes Forest |Why did Hitler decide to invade the Soviet Union despite their nonaggression pact? |

| |Dunkirk |How did history repeat itself in Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union? |

| |Vichy |Describe some examples of courage people showed during Hitler’s insane quest to murder Jews, |

| |Charles de Gaulle |Slavs, Gypsies, and others he considered “inferior”? |

| |“Free French” |How did Germany and Japan rule the people they conquered? How did this contribute to their |

| |Winston Churchill |hold on power? |

| |Operation Sea Lion |Explain how the U.S. became involved in the war before they officially entered the war in 1941.|

| |Royal Air Force |Why did Japanese leaders view the United States as an enemy? |

| |“the blitz” | |

| |General Erwin Rommel | |

| |“Desert Fox” | |

| |Operation Barbarossa | |

| |Leningrad | |

| |“master race” | |

| |concentration camps | |

| |Slavs | |

| |Romas | |

| |ghettos | |

| |Final Solution | |

| |“death camps” | |

| |Holocaust | |

| |FDR | |

| |Lend-Lease Act | |

| |Atlantic Charter | |

| |General Tojo Hideki | |

| |Pearl Harbor, Hawaii | |

| |“a date which will live in infamy” | |

|SECTION |total war |Explain how World War II was a total war. Be thorough! |

|3 |internment camps |How did women take part in the war effort? |

| |Rosie the Riveter |Explain why the battles of Midway, El Alamein, and Stalingrad were important turning points in |

| |Battle of the Coral Sea |the war. |

| |aircraft carriers |Refer to the map on page 479: How did geography both help and hinder Allied advances? |

| |Battle of Midway |What agreements did Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin come to at Yalta? |

| |“Big Three” |Why did the Yalta Conference not lead to lasting unity among the Big Three leaders? |

| |Tehran Conference | |

| |General Bernard Montgomery |For questions 7-9, refer to Events that Changed the World: D-Day on pages 482-483). |

| |Battle of El Alamein |Which of the Allies suffered the greatest losses on D-Day? |

| |General Dwight Eisenhower |Why do you think the D-Day landings were made on beaches instead of at established harbors? |

| |Battle of Stalingrad |What do you think was the greatest obstacle the Allies had to overcome on D-Day? Explain. |

| |D-Day | |

| |Normandy | |

| |General George S. Patton | |

| |Hamburg | |

| |Dresden | |

| |Battle of the Bulge | |

| |Yalta Conference | |

|SECTION |V-E Day |What factors allowed the Allied forces to defeat Germany? |

|4 |Bataan Death March |Refer to the map on page 485: How did geography make it difficult for Japan to maintain control|

| |Battle of Guadalcanal |of its empire? |

| |“island hopping” |What was the purpose of “island hopping”? |

| |General Douglas MacArthur |Why did some scientists involved in the creation of the atom bomb advise leaders not to use it?|

| |Admiral Chester Nimitz |Describe the effects of the atom bomb on Japan. |

| |Iwo Jima | |

| |Okinawa | |

| |kamikaze | |

| |Manhattan Project | |

| |Harry Truman | |

| |Hiroshima | |

| |Nagasaki | |

|SECTION |Nuremberg |Why did people continue to suffer even after the war ended? |

|5 |United Nations |Why did the Allies hold war crimes trials for Axis leaders? |

|(pages |General Assembly |Why do you think ordinary people collaborated with the Nazis to achieve Hitler’s Final |

|488-489)|Security Council |Solution? |

| | |How were the new governments established in Germany and Japan different from the governments |

| | |that were in place before World War II? |

| | |Who were the original five permanent members of the Security Council? What right did they have|

| | |that other nations did not? |

| | |What powers did the Security Council have? |

| | |Compare and contrast the United Nations and the League of Nations. |

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