Bacteria and Viruses - PC\|MAC

Name

Date

Bacteria and Viruses

Section 2 Viruses and Prions

Main Idea

Details

Scan the table and time line in Section 2 of the chapter. Write three facts you discovered about viruses from these elements.

1.

2.

3.

Review Vocabulary Use your book or dictionary to define protein.

protein

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

New Vocabulary

Use the new vocabulary terms in the left column to complete the following paragraph.

capsid

A

is genetic material within a protein coat, but

lysogenic cycle

it has no organelles or other characteristics of life. The genetic

material lies inside its

, or outer layer of protein. In

lytic cycle

the

, viral genes instruct the host cell to make

many copies of the viral RNA or DNA. Some viruses replicate in a

prion

, in which the viral DNA integrates into a host

chromosome and lies dormant for some time. A

,

retrovirus virus

such as the HIV virus, contains RNA instead of DNA. Mutation in

the genes of a normal protein called a

is responsible

for diseases such as "mad cow."

Academic Vocabulary Define widespread to show its scientific meaning.

widespread

Bacteria and Viruses 183

Name Section 2 Viruses and Prions (continued)

Date

Main Idea

Details

Viruses

I found this information

on page

.

Model of one type of virus. Label its parts.

Viral Infection

I found this information

on page

.

Synthesize why many viruses cannot pass from one species to another.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Label steps A, B, C, D, and E of a lytic cycle in the figure below. Use the following terms.

? Assembly ? Lysis and Release

? Attachment ? Replication

? Entry

Nucleic acid

Bacteriophage

Bacterial DNA

Bacterial host cell

A

B

The bacteriophage injects its nucleic acid into the bacterial cell.

184 Bacteria and Viruses

E The host cell breaks open and releases new virus particles.

D New virus particles are assembled.

C

The host's metabolic machinery makes viral nucleic acid and proteins.

Name Section 2 Viruses and Prions (continued)

Main Idea

Details

Date

Sequence the steps of a lysogenic cycle.

Viral DNA integrates into a chromosome of a host cell.

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Retroviruses

I found this information

on page

.

Evaluate and discuss the role of reverse transcriptase in the replication cycle of HIV.

Prions

I found this information

on page

.

Summarize information about prions by completing the table.

What is a prion?

What causes a prion to become harmful?

How might humans contract a What is the result of prion

prion-caused disease?

infection?

SUMMARIZE Conclude whether viruses that replicate by the lytic cycle or the lysogenic cycle are more dangerous. Explain your reasoning.

Bacteria and Viruses 185

Name

Date

Tie It Together

Create a quiz to help you review key topics in this

SYNTHESIZE

chapter. Write one question with its answer for each major topic listed below.

Topic: Diversity of Prokaryotes Question:

Topic: Metabolism of Prokaryotes Question:

Answer:

Answer:

Topic: Prokaryote Structure Question:

Answer:

Topic: Ecology of Bacteria Question:

Answer:

Topic: Identifying Prokaryotes Question:

Answer:

Topic: Viruses Question:

Answer:

Topic: Reproduction of Prokaryotes Question:

Answer:

Topic: Retroviruses Question:

Answer:

Topic: Survival of Bacteria Question:

Answer:

Topic: Prions Question:

Answer:

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

186 Bacteria and Viruses

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