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4062513810This is NOT fully developed until you are 28!!More changes occurring in jh age kids than in infants!It’s like the conductor of the whole brain.Teens’ frontal lobes are just getting going; which is why they’re so different on a day to day basis.Girls are typically a year ahead of boys in development4000020000This is NOT fully developed until you are 28!!More changes occurring in jh age kids than in infants!It’s like the conductor of the whole brain.Teens’ frontal lobes are just getting going; which is why they’re so different on a day to day basis.Girls are typically a year ahead of boys in development36279122594758Listening as well as talking to yourself with this part of the brainListening as well as talking to yourself with this part of the brain1959432630384Imagine things with this part of the brainFree play as little kids is vital; allows these cells to developImagine things with this part of the brainFree play as little kids is vital; allows these cells to develop1365663460915Whatever you’re paying attention to is what your brain makes into a memoryThe neural network has to be “fired” multiple times for it to stay; the network is very fragile when they’re newIf you recall something 24 hours later, it’s in your long term memoryThis REQUIRES sleep!!! As in 7-9 hours of sleep!!! When you sleep, the brain is quiet because there is no new information to process. This is when your brain REVIEWS the neural networks and commits them to memory. Learning creates new neural connections in the brain- occurs with emotion, takes time, requires trial and error.Brain plasticity- changes with experiencesKnow your cognitive strengthsDifferent parts of the brain work differently in adults and teens in various situations. Teens literally think too much about a situation (good idea vs bad idea; they don’t visualize the bad things, they don’t get the gut feelings like adults do)Facial expressions- adults use the prefrontal cortex to read them and teens use the amygdala (respond out of emotion and not reason)Once a teen is on a train of thought, it is very hard for them to go back and come up with a different solution. 00Whatever you’re paying attention to is what your brain makes into a memoryThe neural network has to be “fired” multiple times for it to stay; the network is very fragile when they’re newIf you recall something 24 hours later, it’s in your long term memoryThis REQUIRES sleep!!! As in 7-9 hours of sleep!!! When you sleep, the brain is quiet because there is no new information to process. This is when your brain REVIEWS the neural networks and commits them to memory. Learning creates new neural connections in the brain- occurs with emotion, takes time, requires trial and error.Brain plasticity- changes with experiencesKnow your cognitive strengthsDifferent parts of the brain work differently in adults and teens in various situations. Teens literally think too much about a situation (good idea vs bad idea; they don’t visualize the bad things, they don’t get the gut feelings like adults do)Facial expressions- adults use the prefrontal cortex to read them and teens use the amygdala (respond out of emotion and not reason)Once a teen is on a train of thought, it is very hard for them to go back and come up with a different solution. How Stress and Emotions Affect LearningMountain Brook Junior High Kimberly Carraway, Ed. MCarraway Center for Teaching and Learning, 2014kimberly@ General Recommendations for Nutrition, Exercise and Sleep1. always eat breakfast2. eat five small meals a day (this keeps their blood sugar levels in a happy place)3. vitamins4. hydrate the brain! A hydrated brain is crucial for learning!5. just 10 minutes of exercise in the mornings, before school, can boost attention and other cognitive functions6. Fertilize the brain! Exercise increases dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. It is like fertilizer for the brain and helps make the brain more ready to learn. Exercise also helps quiet a noisy brain!7. Exercise increases dopamine. This results in increased executive functioning and mathematical abilities.8. Give your child a 5-10 minutes break while doing homework/studying. Have them participate in some form of exercise (walk the dog, wii games etc). This will help change brain chemistry and make him or her more ready to learn. 9. Sleep! Recommended for the teen brain is 9.5 hours!10. Review important material before going to sleep. this will help the brain consolidate this information into memoryStress and the BrainThree Kinds of Stress1. Positive Stress- exhilaration from challenge2. Tolerable Stress- adverse life events (ex; test anxiety)3. Toxic Stress- abuse, neglect, absence of emotional support (ex; parents going through a divorce)Signs of Stress Stomach aches406729968671*young kids cannot verbalize their stress 00*young kids cannot verbalize their stress Doesn’t sleep wellSleep too much (avoidance)Overactive or distractive behaviorsPhysical complaintsSeek drugs and alcoholEating patterns affected (eating too much or too little)Antisocial or disruptive behaviorsNegative Effects of Stress367541320864Amygdala is the emotional center of the brain. It takes a snapshot of something/stress/sensors and fires cortisol. Cortisol floods the brain. A little bit is ok but a lot is not good because it impairs connectivity (impairs learning!). Amygdala is the emotional center of the brain. It takes a snapshot of something/stress/sensors and fires cortisol. Cortisol floods the brain. A little bit is ok but a lot is not good because it impairs connectivity (impairs learning!). Impairs memoryImpairs cognitionImmune system declinesOverproduction of cortisol and adrenalineIncreased blood pressureDendrites shrink in parts of the brainHippocampus shrinksAmygdala is overactiveMineral lossProne to anxiety, anger and depressionDecline in mental flexibilityWorking memory difficultiesAbility to suppress negative thoughtsLearned helplessnessStress Management Strategies1. Exercise2. Practice deep breathing (breathing from the diaphragm)3. learn to recognize your personal signs of stress4. write about it! (write out what is causing you stress to get it out/away)5. do progressive muscle relaxation techniques (tensing and relaxing various muscles in sequence)6. get good sleep!7. SMILE (smile at somebody who is stressed or if you’re stressed do the smiling; the same part of your brain that interprets the smile is the part that recalls your happy thoughts! You release endorphins when you smile. Smiles are contagious too!)8. talk to somebody9. drink water10. hang around people who encourage youTips for Reducing Test Anxiety1. SMILE2. Drink water 5-10 minutes before a test. Water has been found to lower levels of cortisol (the stress hormones released in the brain).3. Incorporate humor. Humor decreases stress and anxiety and has been found to increase retention by 15%4. Move! Exercise is important for learning, getting rid of the “noisy brain,” reducing anxiety and relieving the nervous system.5. Play classical music prior to taking a test. Music has the ability to put the brain in a “flow” state of mind.6. Breathing is key! Taking slow and deep breaths bring greater amounts of oxygen to the brain and can calm you down.7. Start doing cognitive work like different puzzles or other “thinking” activities. The more you do of these, the less active your amygdala (fear center of your brain) becomes. ................
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