Name: Period: Fizzy Kool-Aid Stoichiometry



Introduction: The first man-made non-alcoholic carbonated beverage is attributed to Joseph Priestley who accomplished the feat in 1767 (Priestly, 1772). He used chalk (calcium carbonate) and sulfuric acid to produce carbon dioxide which was bubbled into water. Carbonated beverages had been produced before this time, but the process used sugar and yeast to yield carbon dioxide and alcohol through fermentation. Many different non-alcoholic carbonated beverages have been created since including colas, phosphates, root beers, ginger ales, tonic waters, seltzer waters, and others.This activity uses citric acid and baking soda to produce the fizz in a beverage. Citric acid, C6H8O7, is highly soluble and often used in beverages to enhance flavor and add a pleasant sour fruity taste. Baking soda (NaHCO3) is a white powder also known as sodium bicarbonate. The chemical and physical properties of baking soda afford it a wide range of applications, including cleaning, deodorizing, buffering, and fire extinguishing. A mole of baking soda will react with an acid to produce a mole of carbon dioxide. The citric acid molecule: note the three acidic hydrogens Prelab: Write the chemical equation for this reaction. Note: Citric acid has a chemical formula, C6H8O7. Meanwhile, Citrate is a polyatomic: C6H5O73-citric acid + baking soda sodium citrate + water + carbon dioxideStoichiometry CalculationsAs a group, you will measure out exactly 0.3 grams of citric acid, C6H8O7. You need to calculate how many grams of baking soda (NaHCO3) should be added to make a fizzy Kool-Aid? drink that is “just right”. Determine how many grams of baking soda, NaHCO3 is needed to fully react with 0.3 grams of citric acid C6H8O7 You now have your recipe for your Fizzy Drink:_______ g of citric acid (C6H8O7) _______ g of baking soda (NaHCO3) ProcedureMeasure out the amounts of citric acid and baking soda needed for your recipePrepare 240mL of a 1.83 x 10-1 M solution of Kool-aid. Assume the kool-aid mix has a molecular formula of C12H22O11 Thoroughly mix your solution. Show work: Remember: Molarity = M = #moles/liters of H20 _____mL water needed. _______g of Kool-Aid mixDump in the citric acid and baking soda into the kool aid solution. Watch the carbonation happen!Mix and taste (pour into several small cups if more than one person wants to try it).AnalysisUse stoichiometry and determine how many liters carbon dioxide was produced from citric acid. The carbon dioxide creates the fizz in your drink and dissolves slightly in water to form a weak acid (carbonic acid) which gives the stinging sensation on your taste buds. Assume we are at STP.Use stoichiometry and determine how many liters of carbon dioxide was produced from your starting amount of baking soda. Assume we are at STP.Why do you suppose the values for carbon dioxide produced for your calculations in #1 and #2 both came out roughly the same? ................
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