Photosynthesis | Topic Notes
Photosynthesis | Topic Notes
Photosynthesis is the process of producing sugars from CO2 and H2O, using sunlight as a source of energy.
Balanced chemical equation: 6CO2 + H2O
light
C6H12O6 + O2 Chlorophyll
o The internal part of the chloroplast consists of the stroma (a watery fluid) and stacks of thylakoid
membranes collectively called a granum. The thylakoid membranes contain the chlorophyll
pigments (this is formed form magnesium plants obtain from the soil) which are arranged into
clusters called photosystems.
o Photolysis is the splitting of H2O into electrons, Hydrogen ions (protons) and oxygen. o Chlorophyll molecules absorb sunlight energy, causing electrons to be released from the
chlorophyll molecules. The lost electrons are replaced by those produced in photolysis. Hydrogen
ions are
stored in a
proton pool
and oxygen is
either
released into
the
atmosphere or
used in
respiration
within the
leaf. The
electrons
(from the
chlorophyll
molecule),
protons
(from the
proton from the
pool) and CO2 atmosphere are
all joined
together to
make
carbohydrates
(firstly glucose which may be converted into other molecules needed by cells or stored as starch).
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