Crime Data - Johns Hopkins University

Crime Data

Baltimore City has been experiencing high levels of violent crime for several years. In 2014, when violent crime was at its lowest level in the past five years, the city still had the sixth highest violent crime rate among U.S. cities with over 250,000 people. A Baltimore Sun analysis shows that the city experienced nearly 34% more violent crime in 2017 than in 2014, and although violent crime in 2018 has decreased 9% compared to 2017, it still has seen a significant increase, as much as 22%, compared to prior years.1 See Fig. 1.2 The city recorded 309 murders in 2018, down from 342 in 2017, however its murder rate by population continues to be the highest among the country's 30 largest cities, with more than 50 murders per 100,000 people.3

Fig. 1: Baltimore City Violent Crime Totals, 2012-18

22109

19018

18088

16459

17731

19498

20091

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

These high levels of violence have not only been occurring throughout the city, but also on and around the Hopkins campuses. Fig. 2 shows the total number of aggravated assault victims reported to the Baltimore City Police, on and around the Homewood and East Baltimore campuses and citywide, from 2014 through 2018, and Fig. 3 shows a similar comparison for street robbery victims during that period.

1 Jin Bae Kim, "Violent Crime in Baltimore, 2012-2017," Baltimore Sun, . The violent crime statistics report by the Baltimore Sun include aggravated assaults, common assaults, homicides, rapes, robberies (all types) and shootings. 2 These violent crime statistics reported by the Baltimore Sun have been updated to include full calendar years of 2017 and 2018. The Baltimore Police Department continually reviews its incident reports and so the numbers in this chart may differ than what was originally reported by the Baltimore Sun and reported in the Interim Study Report. 3 CBS News, "Many police departments report decline in murders in 2018 ? but not in these cities," Jan 3, 2019, .

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# Victims Citywide

Fig. 2: Aggravated Assault, 2014 to 2018 (Jan 1 to Dec 31)

# of Victims on and around Hopkins campus

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Homewood East Baltimore Citywide

Homewood

East Baltimore

Citywide

Y2014 21 29

4262

Y2015 17 52

4758

Y2016 16 66

5135

Y2017 17 75

5836

Y2018 25 73

5400

6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0

# of Victims Citywide

Fig. 3: Street Robbery, 2014 to 2018 (Jan 1 to Dec 31)

# of Victims on and around Hopkins campus

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

Homewood East Baltimore Citywide

Homewood

East Baltimore

Citywide

Y2014 31 14

2662

Y2015 48 26

3132

Y2016 48 42

3795

Y2017 42 27

3968

Y2018 42 55

3475

4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0

The below charts present the data reported in the JHU Annual Security Reports, issued in compliance with the Clery Act,4 for homicides, aggravated assaults, and robberies from 2011 to 2017.5 This data is broken down by each specific crime per campus per year.6

4 The Clery reportable geography for each campus is outlined in red on the maps located on pages 6, 8 and 10. 5 Clery reported data for Homicides, Aggravated Assaults and Robberies data for 2011 through 2017, were obtained directly from the Johns Hopkins Annual Security and Fire Safety Reports, available here: . Clery data for any given year is thoroughly reviewed and checked against city data the following year and usually not finalized for publication until September of that year. Accordingly, Clery data for 2018 will not be finalized until September 2019. 6 The increase in aggravated assaults and robberies on the East Baltimore campus in 2016 and 2017 can be attributed to several reasons, including but not limited to, increased reporting by victims because of persistent communication

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to affiliates to report crimes to security, frequent review of Baltimore City Police reports and communication with District Commanders and investigators, expansion of security presence in the EBDI area, increase of overall crime, particularly aggravated assaults, street robberies and carjackings citywide and an increase of juvenile activity.

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Within our Clery Act boundaries,7 aggravated assaults (including non-fatal shootings) increased 350% across all Johns Hopkins Baltimore campuses from 2014 to 2017, while robberies increased 250%. On the East Baltimore campus, we ended 2017 with 33 reported aggravated assaults, representing a 1,000% increase from 2014. See Figs. 4 and 5 below; Hopkins Clery areas are shown in blue. (2018 Clery data is not available until September 2019.8)

Violent crime trends at Johns Hopkins' Homewood, East Baltimore, and Peabody campuses have been increasing relative to trends of surrounding colleges and universities with police departments, such as Baltimore City Community College (BCCC), Coppin State University, Morgan State University, the University of Baltimore, and the University of Maryland, Baltimore. See Figs. 4 and 5.

# of Aggravated Assault

Fig. 4: Clery Reported Aggravated Assault Statistics, 2014

to 2017

50 Coppin State U.

45

40

BCCC

35

U.M. Baltimore

30

U. Baltimore

25

Morgan State U.

20

JH - Peabody

15

JH - E. Baltimore

10

JH - Homewood

5

0

# of Robberies

Fig. 5: Clery Reported Robbery Statistics, 2014 to 2017

60

50 40 30 20 10

0 2014

2015

2016

2017

Coppin State U. BCCC U.M. Baltimore U. Baltimore Morgan State U. JH - Peabody JH - E. Baltimore JH - Homewood

7 "Clery Act boundaries" cover the three geographic areas for which the Clery Act requires this crime reporting: (1) On campus (including on-campus residence halls); (2) On public property within or immediately adjacent to the campus; (3) In or on non-campus buildings or property that the university owns or controls.

8 See n. 5, supra.

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For example, in 2014, aggravated assaults at the three Hopkins campuses totaled 10, while surrounding institutions, combined totaled 30. In 2017, Hopkins campuses had four times as many aggravated assaults than in 2014, totaling 45, while surrounding institutions, combined totaled 16. Johns Hopkins campuses accounted for 74% of all aggravated assaults reported across the six Baltimore institutions. Johns Hopkins campuses have also experienced a disproportionate number of robberies as well where in 2017, 55% of robberies across the six Baltimore universities occurred on a Johns Hopkins campus.

The level of violent crime at Johns Hopkins' campuses is disproportionate not only compared to surrounding universities in Baltimore City, but compared to our urban peer universities with police departments in other cities. In general, these peers have not been experiencing comparable levels of violent crime. See Fig. 6 below. For example, in 2017, Johns Hopkins experienced more aggravated assaults within its Clery boundaries than Brown, Duke, Harvard, Howard, Tulane, the University of Chicago, the University of Pennsylvania and Washington University in St. Louis. It also experienced more robberies than nearly all those institutions.

Fig. 6: Clery Data9 on Rape, Robbery, and Aggravated Assault at Urban Private Peers with Police Departments, 2014-2017

University

Brown U. Duke U. Harvard U. Howard U. Johns Hopkins U. Tulane U. U. Chicago U. Pennsylvania Wash. U. St. L.

Rape

44 11 33

6 4 17 6 8 21

2014

Rob. Agg. Ass't

4

1

2

9

10

7

21 12

8 10

0

0

7

3

25 13

1

3

Total

49 22 50 39 22 17 16 46 25

Rape

16 13 36 16 13 14

6 11 17

2015

Rob. Agg. Ass't

4

4

5

1

13 16

20 19

14

9

6

4

8

5

30 11

1

0

Total

24 19 65 55 36 24 19 52 18

Rape

41 17 28 16

7 15 15 16 36

2016

Rob. Agg. Ass't

4

2

6 10

10 23

22

5

33 18

2

3

8 10

29 18

13

9

Total

47 33 61 43 58 20 33 63 58

Rape

24 19 34 21 13 18 10

9 23

2017

Rob. Agg. Ass't

2

0

3

7

15 31

23 11

28 45

0

0

5

7

28 18

5

0

Total

26 29 80 55 86 18 22 55 28

Johns Hopkins currently patrols some of the surrounding neighborhoods around the Homewood, East Baltimore, and Peabody campuses to deter violent crime for our neighbors, our students, faculty, and staff who live there, and for visitors in the area. On each map below, the patrol zone (outlined in black) is the area on and around the relevant Johns Hopkins campus where security personnel are assigned posts.

The charts below each map present annual violent crime data10 obtained from the Baltimore City Police Department and Open Baltimore for 2008 to 201811 for the Johns Hopkins patrol zones and neighborhoods surrounding each of its campuses. Violent crime data breakdowns are included for the Homewood patrol zone, Homewood neighborhoods, East Baltimore patrol zone, East Baltimore campus neighborhoods, and the Peabody campus neighborhood.

9 Clery data include total incidents reported within the Clery boundaries and therefore include incidents involving Hopkins students, faculty, staff, and non-affiliates. 10 Violent crime is the combined total of aggravated assaults (including non-fatal shootings), homicides, rapes, and robberies (carjacking, commercial, residence, and street). Common assaults are not counted as a violent crime. 11 Data from 2008 through 2011 obtained directly from the Baltimore City Police Department. Data from 2012 through 2018 obtained from the Baltimore City Police Department Victim-Based Crime Data ().

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