Maryland Food System Profile II Baltimore City, MD

[Pages:8]Maryland Food System Profile II

Baltimore City, MD

These county profiles present the data compiled by the Maryland Food System Map Project, at the Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future. They are intended to be used for education, research, policy development, and community organizing purposes. For more information go to: .

Demographics

DEMOGRAPHICS Population, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea % Population Change, 2000-2010b Number of Households, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea Population Density (People / Square Mile), 2010b % Non-Hispanic, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea

% White Alone % Black or African American Alone % Asian Alone % Hispanic (any race), 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea Median Household Income, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea Self-Sufficiency Standard (2 Adults, 2 School-Age Children), 2012c,1 % Individuals Below 185% of Federal Poverty Level, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimate; Household of 4=$44,123)a,2 % Individuals Below 200% of Federal Poverty Level, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimate; Household of 4=$47,700)a,2 % Unemployment, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea % Households without Vehicle, 2010-2014 ACS Five-Year Estimatea

Baltimore City 622,271 -4.6% 597,830 7,671.87 95.5% 28.1% 62.5% 2.5% 4.5% $41,819 $51,466 42.65%

45.35%

13.9% 30.0%

Health Statistics

HEALTH STATISTICS Overall Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d Heart Disease Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d Diabetes Mortality / 100,000 Population (Age-Adjusted), 2013d Rate of Obesity, 2013e Rate of Diabetes, 2013e

Baltimore City 991.8 242.7 30.1

35.85% 10.82%

Maryland 5,887,776

9.0% 5,747,580

594.77 91.2% 53.6% 29.0% 5.8% 8.8% $74,149

(U) 20.74%

% of MD Total County Ranking

10.57%

4

24

10.40%

4

1

14

23

2

10

11

22

18

1

22.80%

1

8.0%

1

9.4%

1

Maryland 708.3 171.7 19.6

28.30% 10.00%

% of MD Total County Ranking 1 4 2 3 8

CLF June 2016

2 BALTIMORE CITY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE

Food Availability

FOOD AVAILABILITY - FOOD STORES AND RESTAURANTS

Baltimore City

Total Number of Food Stores, 2014f

1,028

Number of Supermarkets3

50

Supermarkets / 1,000 Population

0.08

% Supermarkets (Number of Supermarkets / Total Food Stores)

4.86%

Number of Convenience Stores (Chains, Gas Stations, Drug Stores, and Dol-

316

lar-Discount)5

Number of Small Grocery Stores ("Mom and Pop" Stores, Corner Stores)6

654

Number of Corner Stores

479

Number of Behind Glass Corner Stores7

138

Number of Other Food Stores8

8

Number of Fast Food Chain Restaurants, 2013g

208

Fast Food Chain Restaurants / 1,000 Population

0.33

Maryland 3,784 696 0.12

18.39% 1,700

% of MD Total County Ranking

27.17%

1

7.18%

5

22

24

18.59%

1

1,124

58.19%

#N/A

63

12.70%

3

1,757

11.84%

3

0.30

13

FOOD AVAILABILITY - FOOD ACCESS Population Living in a Baltimore Food Deserthf,9 % Population Living in a USDA Food Desert, 2010i,10 % Population that is Food Insecure, 2013j,11 Average Cost of a Meal ($), 2013j,12

Baltimore City 25.0%

51.55% 22.7% $3.10

Maryland (U)

27.34% 12.8%

(U)

% of MD Total County Ranking

2 1 9

FFooooddSSttoorreessbbyyTyTpyepe

8 50

316 654

Supermarkets Convenience Stores Small Grocery Stores Other Food Stores

BALTIMORE CITY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE 3

FOOD AVAILABILITY - NUTRITION ASSISTANCE Average Number of Monthly SNAP Participants, 2014k % Population Participating in SNAP, 2015 State Fiscal yearl % SNAP Participation Among Low-Income Residents, 2015 State Fiscal yearl Number of SNAP Authorized Stores, 2014m

SNAP Authorized Stores / 1,000 population Number of WIC Authorized Stores, 2015n Number of Pantry & Free Meal Sites, 2013g

Baltimore City 212,471 32.6% 80.6% 796 1.28 192 225

Maryland 788,871

13.0% 65.90%

3,405 0.58 717 1,069

% of MD Total County Ranking

26.93%

1

1

5

23.38%

1

1

26.78%

1

21.05%

1

Urban Agriculture

URBAN AGRICULTURE Number of Farmers Markets, 2015o Total Number of Urban Farms Selling Food Locally, 2015h,13

Number of Baltimore Farm Alliance Members14 Number of Urban Farms with Laying Hens Number of Urban Farms with Honey Bees Number of Urban Farms Raising Fish Number of Urban Farms Growing Fruit Number of Urban Farms Growing Vegetables Number of Urban Farms that are USDA Certified Organic Number of Urban Farms that sell at Farmers Markets Number of Urban Farms that Sell at Farm Stands Number of Urban Farms that Sell Through Wholesale

Baltimore City 14 18 11 0 2 2 5 14 0 14 4 11

Maryland 145 18 11 0 2 2 5 14 0 14 4 11

% of MD Total County Ranking 3

4 BALTIMORE CITY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE

Processing and Distribution

PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION Total Number of Food Processing Facilities, 2015h,15*

Number of Facilities that Process Dairy Number of Facilities that Process Seafood Number of Facilities that Process Meat Animal Slaughter Facilities, 2015h,15* Food Distribution and Warehouses, 2015h,15* Number of Distributors that Source Locally

Institutions

INSTITUTIONS Number of Hospitals, 2015p Number of Colleges/Universities, 2015q Number of Public K12 Schools, 2012-2013r % Students Free and Reduced-Lunch Eligible, 2015-2016s Number Participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement, 2014-2015t,16 % Eligible Participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement, 2014-2015t,16 Breakfasts and Lunches Served Annually, 2012-2013u

Baltimore City 72 6 6 19 1 34 0

Maryland 623 51 168 145 69 521 65

% of MD Total County Ranking

11.56%

1

11.76%

1

3.57%

10

13.10%

1

1.45%

14

6.53%

6

0.00%

17

Baltimore City 15 11

199 87.71%

13,940,482

Maryland 63 56

1,437 45.13%

467 54.0% 89,013,961

% of MD Total County Ranking

23.81%

1

19.64%

1

13.85%

2

1

0.00%

23

23

15.66%

2

ProduPcrotsduocntsUornbUarnbaFnarFmarms (sb(ybynnuummbbeerr ooffffaarmrms)s)

Vegetables

14

Fruit

5

Fish

2

Honey Bees

2

Laying Hens 0

Environment

ENVIRONMENT - LAND PRESERVATION Maryland DNR and Conservation Easements, Total Acreage, 2013v MALPF Easements, Total Acreage, 2013v Maryland Environmental Trust Easements, Total Acreage, 2013v Maryland Rural Legacy Properties, Total Acreage, 2014w Maryland Rural Legacy Areas, Total Acreage, 2014w

ENVIRONMENT - AIR AND WATER QUALITY Ammonia from Fertilizer Application (Tons), 2011x Ammonia from Livestock Waste (Tons), 2011x Airborne PM~2.5~ from Crop and Livestock Dust (Tons), 2011x,17 % Population on Private Well, 2010y Total Number of Watersheds, 2012z,18

Number in Good Health* Number in Fair Health Number in Poor Health

BALTIMORE CITY FOOD SYSTEMS PROFILE 5

Baltimore City 0.00 0.00 35.71 0.00 0.00

Maryland 532,721.06 299,946.00 129,693.13

81,796.03 902,580.62

% of MD Total County Ranking

0.00%

24

0.00%

24

0.03%

24

0.00%

24

0.00%

24

Baltimore City 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0% 5 0 1 4

Maryland 2,827.17 19,886.77 2,791.47

18.5% 123 2 59 62

% of MD Total County Ranking

0.00%

24

0.00%

24

0.00%

24

24

4.07%

21

0.00%

4

1.69%

21

6.45%

13

WWataetresrhsheeddHHeealatlhth

1 4

Good Health Fair Health Poor Health

6 | Baltimore City Food Systems Profile

The data sources for the Maryland Food System County Profiles are as follows: The data sources for the Maryland Food System County Profiles are as follows: (a) The American Community Survey, 2010-2014 Five-Year Estimates (b) The United States Census, 2010 (c) Center for Women's Welfare, 2012 (d) Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2013 (e) Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2013 (f) Center for a Livable Future's Maryland Food System Map Project, 2014 (g) Center for a Livable Future's Maryland Food System Map Project, 2013 (h) Center for a Livable Future's Maryland Food System Map Project, 2015 (i) USDA Food Access Research Atlas, 2010 (j) Feeding America, 2013 (k) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2014 (l) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2015 (m) USDA Food and Nutrition Service SNAP Retailer Locator, 2014 (n) Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2015 (o) Maryland Farmers Market Association, 2015 (p) Maryland State Archives, 2015 (q) Maryland Higher Education Commission, 2015 (r) Maryland Public School System websites, 2013 (s) Maryland Department of Education, 2015-2016 (t) Maryland Hunger Solutions, 2014-2015 (u) Maryland Department of Education, 2013 (v) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2013 (w) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2014 (x) United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2011 (y) United States Geological Survey, 2010 (z) Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2012

Footnotes

1. The Self-Sufficiency Standard determines the amount of income required for working families to meet basic needs at a minimally adequate level, taking into account family composition, ages of children, and geographic differences in costs. This does not include public subsidies or informal/private assistance.

2. Eligibility criterion for food and other federal supplement programs and benefits varies by household size, based on a percentage of the Federal Poverty Level.

3. "Supermarkets" are large-format grocery stores with all food departments present, including produce, meats, seafood, canned goods and packaged goods. Supermarkets are typically chain stores; these stores have annual sales of $2 million or more and have 3 or more cash registers.

4. The "Small Food Stores" category includes small-format stores in the following categories: convenience stores (gas station and chain stores), small grocery stores, and international food stores.

5. The "Convenience Stores" category includes a variety of stores that sell food products, but food is not their main business. These stores include chain convenience stores, gas station convenience stores, pharmacies, and discount/dollar stores. They are typically chain operated.

6. "Small Grocery Stores," sometimes called "mom & pop" stores or corner stores, are small format grocery stores that are typically independently owned and operated. They have annual sales of less than $2 million and have limited food departments.

7. "Behind Glass Corner Stores" are stores meet the same criteria as the "Small Grocery/ Corner Store" category, but all of the goods for sale and the clerk are physically behind plexiglass. As there are over 40 of these stores in Baltimore, CLF chose to identify them in a distinct category. These data are from 2009.

8. The "Other Food Stores" category include Conventional Club stores (i.e. BJ's), Military Commissaries, mixed markets, and public markets.

9. Baltimore Food Deserts are defined by CLF as an area where the distance to a supermarket or supermarket alternative is more than 1/4 mile, the median household income is at or below 185% of the Federal Poverty Level, over 30% of households have no vehicle available, and the average Healthy Food Availability Index (HFAI) score for all food stores is low.

10. USDA Food Deserts are defined as low-income census tracts where residents are >0.5 miles (urban) or >10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket.

11. Feeding America's Map the Meal Gap's food insecurity rates are determined using data from the 2001-2013 Current Population Survey on individuals in food insecure house-

7 | Baltimore City Food Systems Profile

holds; 2009-2013 American Community Survey five year estimates on median household incomes, poverty rates, homeownership, and race and ethnic demographics; and 2013 American Community Survey one year estimates on unemployment rates. 12. The average dollar amount spent on food/week by food secure individuals is divided by 21 (3 meals per day x 7 days per week) weighted by the "cost-of-food index" to derive a localized estimate. Food expenditures for food secure individuals were used to ensure that the result best reflected the cost of an adequate diet. 13. Farms that grow food in Baltimore City. These farms range in size and by type of products produced, and by farming practices. They differ from community gardens, as the food is grown for sale, not personal consumption. The list is derived from online research, last updated in summer 2015. 14. The Baltimore Farm Alliance is a network of farmers in Baltimore City who share resources and abide by a set of common farm practices and standards. There are other Baltimore Farm Alliance members who are not included in these data because they do not grow food for consumption. 15. Food processing and distribution facility lists were derived from multiple federal, state and county level food permit lists. Categories of food processing facilities, slaughter facilities, and distribution and storage facilities are neither mutually exclusive nor an exhaustive list of every possible type of facility. 16. Baltimore City Schools use a different program for funding breakfast in the classroom. 17. Data for crop and livestock dust emissions of Particulate Matter ................
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