Essuir.sumdu.edu.ua
Міністерство освіти і науки України
Сумський державний університет
ЛЕКСИЧНІ ТЕСТИ
З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ
ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ТА АСПІРАНТІВ
УСІХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
ДЕННОЇ ФОРМИ НАВЧАННЯ
Суми
Вид-во СумДУ
2008
Тести з англійської мови для студентів та аспірантів / Укладач І.А.Башлак. – Суми: Вид-во СумДУ, 2008. – 87c.
Кафедра іноземних мов
PREFACE
A strong command of the English language is directly linked to career advancement and our social success. Every day people judge us by the words we use. Right or wrong, but they make assumptions about our intelligence, our education or our capabilities. Nothing makes a better impression than a solid mastery of the English language. A person, who can’t express ideas eloquently, who hesitates of the uncertainty about the right word may appear less than fully competent and qualified. It’s time to be equipped to speak with confidence at all times. These tests are likely to help you amass and possess a powerful vocabulary, avoid embarrassing mistakes and remove obstacles in your path.
I You must understand the idea of putting similar things together into groups. So you need to learn CATEGORIES.
1 Which does not belong with the others?
|a) September |b) March |c) Wednesday |d) October |e) April |
2 Which does not belong with the others?
|a) apple |b) cherry |c) peach |d) lettuce |e) lemon |
3 Which does not belong with the others?
|a) car |b) radio |c) train |d) airplane |e) bus |
4 Which does not belong with the others?
|a) woman |b) mother |c) daughter |d) aunt |e) cousin |
5 Which does not belong with the others?
|a) adjective |b) article |c) category |d) pronoun |e) adverb |
6 Which is not a part of speech?
|a) conjunction |b) noun |c) preposition |d) verb |e) classification |
7 Which philosopher is known for classifying animals and words?
|a) Socrates |b) Pythagoras |c) Aristotle |d) Diogenes |e) Heraclitus |
8 Which word means to put into categories?
|a) belong |b) explain |c) classify |d) name |
9 Which of the following is the name of the category that the other words belong to?
|a) philosophy |b) history |c) geography |d) math |e) subject |
10 Which is a part of speech?
|a) subject |b) preposition |c) object |d) imperative |e) clause |
II It is very useful to put close attention to ADVERBS
1 Adverbs are most often used to give more information about
|a) subjects |b) verbs |c) questions |d) nouns |e) prepositions |
2 Which kind of word can an adverb describe?
|a) pronoun |b) preposition |c) adjective |d) conjunction |e) article |
3 Which contains an adverb?
|a) full house |b) three women |c) was dirty |d) very funny |e) early morning |
4 Which contains an adverb?
|a) rich man |b) study hard |c) one time |d) easy job |e) hard life |
5 Which contains an adverb?
|a) went quickly |b) friendly people |c) good question |
|d) fast food |e) free time | |
6 Which does not contain an adverb?
|a) very late dinner |b) came too early |c) early bird |
|d) woke up early |e) came late | |
7 Which does not contain an adverb?
|a) sincerely yours |b) drive safely |c) ate fast |d) too easy |e) my supply |
8 Which part of speech is used to describe an adverb?
|a) conjunction |b) pronoun |c) adverb |d) adjective |e) verb |
9 What is the most common ending for adverbs?
|a) -ive |b) -ate |c) -ly |d) -tion |
10 How many adverbs are in “I really woke up too early this morning?”
|a) 0 |b) 1 |c) 2 |d) 3 |e) 4 |
III You must learn to use ADJECTIVES and ADVERBS correctly
1 He is a very __________ driver.
|a) quick |b) quicker |c) quickly |d) quickness |
2 She is a __________ worker.
|a) hard |b) hardly |c) hardness |d) harden |
3 That is a ___________ horse.
|a) beauty |b) beautiful |c) beautician |d) beautify |
4 He speaks ____________.
|a) slow |b) slowly |c) slowness |d) slowed |
5 The students are __________ because the material is too easy for them.
|a) bore |b) boring |c) boredom |d) bored |
6 Joe is a fast runner, but Tom is ___________ than Joe.
|a) fast |b) faster |c) fastly |d) more faster |
7 I hope I can find an ___________ banker to deal with.
|a) honest |b) honestly |c) honestness |d) honested |
8 The ___________ children ran toward the clown.
|a) laugh |b) laughing |c) laughed |d) laughter |
9 The soccer game was very __________.
|a) excite |b) exciting |c) excited |d) excitable |
10 Mary is smart, but Susan is ___________ student in the school.
|a) the most intelligent |b) the intelligentest |c) most intelligent |
|d) more intelligent | | |
11 The police opened the door ___________.
|a) careful |b) carefully |c) carefulled |d) carefulness |
12 She is this company’s most ___________ worker.
|a) capable |b) capacity |c) capability |d) capsizing |
13 What is your ___________ job here?
|a) exactly |b) exact |c) exactness |d) exactitude |
14 She sings ____________.
|a) angelically |b) angel |c) angelic |d) angelical |
15 This weather has been absolutely ____________.
|a) wonder |b) wonderfully |c) wonderful |d) wondered |
16 Think ____________ before you answer.
|a) careful |b) care |c) carefulness |d) carefully |
17 He answered the teacher very ____________.
|a) polite |b) politely |c) politeness |d) politics |
18 He guessed my ___________ weight.
|a) exact |b) exactly |c) exacting |d) exacted |
19 He answered the question ____________.
|a) correctly |b) correct |c) correctedly |d) correctionally |
IV PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES
Very often, when there is no regular adjective form for a verb, the present or past participle of the verb can be used as an adjective. It is sometimes difficult for foreign students to decide whether to use the present [verb + ing] or past [verb + ed] or [verb + en] participle as an adjective.
The present participle [verb + ing] is used as an adjective when the noun it modifies performs or is responsible for an action. The verb is usually intransitive (it doesn’t take an object) and the verb form of the sentence is the progressive (continuous) aspect.
The crying baby woke Mr. Binion.
(The baby was crying).
The purring kitten snuggled close to the fireplace.
(The kitten was purring).
The blooming flowers in the meadow created a rainbow of colors.
(The flowers were blooming).
The past participle is used as an adjective when the noun it modifies is the receiver of the action. The sentence from which this adjective comes is generally in the passive aspect.
The sorted mail was delivered to the offices before noon.
(The mail had been sorted).
Frozen food is often easier to prepare than fresh food.
(The food had been frozen).
The imprisoned men were unhappy with their living conditions.
(The men had been imprisoned).
Other verbs such as interest, bore, excite, and frighten are even more difficult. The rule is basically the same as that given above. The [verb + ing] form is used when the noun causes the action and the [verb + ed] form is used when it receives the action. Compare the following groups of sentences.
The boring professor put the students to sleep.
The boring lecture put the students to sleep.
The bored students went to sleep during the boring lecture.
The child saw a frightening movie.
The frightened child began to cry.
Exercise 1 Participles as Adjectives
Choose the correct form of the participles used as adjectives in the following sentences
1 The (breaking/broken) dishes lay on the floor.
2 The (trembling/trembled) children were given a blanket for warmth.
3 Compassionate friends tried to console the (crying/cried) children.
4 The (interesting/interested) tennis match caused a great deal of excitement.
5 When James noticed the (burning/burnt) building, he notified the fire department immediately.
6 The (exciting/excited) passengers jumped into the lifeboats when notified that the ship was sinking.
7 The (smiling/smiled) Mona Lisa is on display in the Louvre in Paris.
8 The wind made such (frightening/frightened) noises that the children ran to their parents’ room.
9 The (frightening/frightened) hostages only wanted to be left alone.
10 We saw the (advancing/advanced) army from across town.
11 Mrs. Harris’s (approving/approved) smile let us know that our speeches were well done.
12 Our representative presented the (approving/approved) plan to the public.
13 The (blowing/blown) wind of the hurricane damaged the waterfront property.
14 We were going to see the movie at the Center Theater, but our friends told us it was a (boring/bored) movie.
15 Mary’s (cleaning/cleaned) service comes every Wednesday.
16 The (cleaning/cleaned) shoes were placed in the sun to dry.
17 We could not open the (locking/locked) door without a key.
18 As we entered the (crowding/crowded) room, I noticed my cousins.
19 Dr. Jameson told my brother to elevate his (aching/ached) foot.
20 The police towed away the (parking/parked) cars because they were blocking the entrance.
Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks below with the correct participles
|amazed amused |
|beguiled bewitched |
|captivated charmed |
|enchanted |
Example: The book critic was enthralled by the novel’s plot.
1 They were ____________ by the evening light.
2 We were ____________ by the three tenors.
3 The pioneers were _____________ by the fertility of the soil.
4 The children were _____________ by the clown’s expressions.
5 You were _____________ by the beautiful flowers in the garden.
6 I was _____________ by your glance.
7 He was _____________ by her grace and beauty.
Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: They’re pleased with their son’s success.
|1 Are you _____________ with the service? | |
|2 The staff is ____________ about the new regulations. |comfortable |
|3 We’re ____________ in your slow progress. |disappointed |
|4 They aren’t ___________ with the new director’s manner. |discontented |
|5 The shoppers are __________ with these new high prices. |satisfied |
| |uneasy |
Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: Which documents are necessary for the meeting?
|1 I want to be ___________ for the board meeting. | |
|2 Was anyone ___________ from the meeting? |absent |
|3 We need someone who is __________ in Russian and Chinese. |competent |
|4 Her assistant was ___________ to the project. |dedicated |
|5 We are ___________ with your credentials. |impressed |
| |prepared |
Exercise 5 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: I am related to a professional tennis player.
|1. The economy is ___________ on oil. |connected |
|2. The information is not ___________ to our study. |dependent |
|3. Are you ____________ to the Internet? |independent |
|4. Those decisions were ___________ of each other. |relevant |
|5. He is ____________ to his work. |tied |
Exercise 6 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: The shoppers were sick of the long check-out lines.
|1 Why is he ___________ of your good luck? |angry |
|2 He is ___________ about the new regulations. |disgusted |
|3 They’re ___________ of your complaints. |envious |
|4 She’s ___________ with the traffic delays. |mad |
|5 Shirley is ____________ at her sister. |tired |
Exercise 7 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: The twin sisters were close to each other, even as adults.
|1 Chris is __________ to his music. | |
|2 The whole staff was ___________ of jelly doughnuts. |devoted |
|3 He is _________ to a sports star; their wedding will be in May. |engaged |
|4 I was _________ with my brother’s friend for a long time. |fond |
|5 He is _________ to his childhood sweetheart and has three kids. |infatuated |
| |married |
Exercise 8 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: We were tolerant of other people’s opinions.
|1 My son is __________ with school. |bored |
|2 She was so _________ in her work that she didn’t hear us. |engaged |
|3 Alice was _________ to living in a dorm. |proud |
|4 The boy was __________ of his achievement. |responsible |
|5 Each student is __________ for doing part of the project. |unaccustomed |
Exercise 9 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: Both girls were endowed with talent.
|1 He became quite ___________ at learning languages. | |
|2 The athlete was ___________ with speed. |blessed |
|3 Jacob is ___________ of his abilities. |confident |
|4 Grandpa was ___________ at predicting storms. |expert |
|5 The soccer team was ___________ in young talent until this year. |talented |
| |unrivaled |
Exercise 10 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: We were appreciative of the donor’s generosity.
|1 I am __________ to them for their valuable suggestions. | |
|2 He was ___________ for his rude behavior. |grateful |
|3 It was ___________ of you to plan his retirement party. |sensitive |
|4 The counselor was ___________ to her patient’s distress. |sorry |
|5 Our family is ____________ for your kindness. |thankful |
| |thoughtful |
Exercise 11 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: Tomorrow I’m bound for home.
|1 The bus depot is ___________ to the tram station. |adjacent |
|2 Norway is ____________ for its fiords. |excited |
|3 Are we ___________ from our destination? |famous |
|4 Bobby is ___________ about going to Disneyland. |far |
|5 Your clothes are ___________ for that climate. |unsuitable |
Exercise 12 Fill in the blanks with the correct adjectives
Example: She was not ashamed of her actions.
|1 The students were ___________ about the assignment. They didn’t know what to | |
|do. |afraid |
|2 He is very __________ of Roberta because of her deviousness. |confused |
|3 The fan was so ___________ about the game’s final |nervous |
|inning that he was biting his nails. |suspicious |
|4 Scott was ___________ about his parents’ divorce. |upset |
|5 She was ___________ of losing her friends. | |
V You need to learn the different parts of speech
(noun, verb, adjective, adverb), so that you can select
CORRECT WORD FORMS to fill in the blanks.
1 I value your ____________.
|a) friendness |b) friendly |c) friendhood |d) friendship |
2 A lot of these numbers are ____________.
|a) inaccuracy |b) inaccurated |c) inaccurate |d) inaccuracies |
3 I think Dr. Garfield is ___________ professional.
|a) un- |b) im- |c) in- |d) mis- |
4 This part of the country has a high level of ____________.
|a) unemploy |b) unemploying |c) unemploys |d) unemployment |
5 This magazine is about ____________.
|a) entertainer |b) entertain |c) entertainment |d) entertained |
6 That was a(n) ___________ act which he committed.
|a) legal |b) legality |c) legalness |d) illegal |
7 The safe ___________ of troops is that unit’s priority.
|a) deployed |b) deployment |c) deploy |d) deploition |
8 I need to buy some additional car_____________.
|a) insure |b) insuring |c) insurance |d) insured |
9 She has been a 911 radio____________ for over 10 years.
|a) dispatcher |b) dispatch |c) dispatching |d) dispatchment |
10 You need to ____________ before you begin an important mission.
|a) planify |b) plan |c) planet |d) planning |
11 This movie is for adults only. It is not for ____________.
|a) young |b) youngsters |c) youngs |d) youngers |
12 I hear you had a car accident. How much are the __________ going to cost?
|a) repairs |b) repairment |c) reparation |d) repairing |
13 There is a lot of ___________ in New York City.
|a) criminality |b) crimes |c) crime |d) criminal |
14 He’s not in the military. He’s a ____________.
|a) civilian |b) civil |c) civilized |d) civilization |
15 You are not supposed to make ___________ calls from this telephone.
|a) person |b) personality |c) personalize |d) personal |
16 That was the __________ story I have ever heard.
|a) saddest |b) sadder |c) sadness |d) sad |
17 I can’t concentrate today. I am ___________ with work.
|a) preoccupated |b) preoccupation |c) preoccupy |d) preoccupied |
18 During the first week of school, we have to __________ the students.
|a) orient |b) orientater |c) oriental |d) orationalize |
19 I think Joe is wrong. I __________ with him.
|a) am no agree |b) am disagree |c) disagree |d) no agree |
VI PROBLEM VERBS
The verbs lie/lay, rise/raise, and sit/set cause problems even for native English speakers. The solution to the problem is to remember which verbs are transitive (verbs that take a complement) and which are intransitive (verbs that do not take a complement).
|INTRANSITIVE |
|rise lie |rose lay |risen lain |rising lying |
|sit |sat |sat |sitting |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
|TRANSITIVE |
|raise |raised |raised |raising |
|lay |laid |laid |laying |
|set |set |set |setting |
RISE
This verb means to get up, move up under one’s own power (without the help of someone else), increase. Notice that there is no complement.
The sun rises early in the summer.
When the bell rings, the students rise from their seats.
When oil and water mix, oil rises to the top.
Jim rose early so that he could play golf before the others.
It must be late; the moon has risen.
Prices have risen more than ten percent in a very short time.
RAISE
The verb means to lift or elevate an object; or to increase something. It must have a complement.
The students raise their hands in class.
complement
The weightlifter raises the barbells over his head.
complement
The crane raised the car out of the lake.
complement
After studying very hard, John raised his grades substantially.
complement
Mr. Daniels has raised his tenants’ rent another fifteen dollars.
complement
The OPEC countries have raised the price of oil.
complement
LIE
This verb means to rest, repose, or to be situated in a place. It is often used with the preposition down. NOTE: This verb should not be confused with the verb lie, lied, lied, which means to say something that is not true.
The university lies in the western section of town.
If the children are tired, they should lie down for a nap.
Maria Elena lay on the beach for three hours yesterday sunbathing.
The old dog just lay on the grass watching the children at play.
Don't disturb Mary; she has lain down for a rest.
That old rug had lain in the corner for many years before it was put in the garage.
LAY
This verb means to put somebody or something on a surface.
Don't lay your clothes on the bed.
complement
The boy lays his books on the table every day.
complement
The enemy soldiers laid down their weapons and surrendered.
complement
The children laid their toys on the floor when they had finished using them.
complement
The students had laid their compositions on the teacher’s desk before the
complement
bell rang.
The nurse laid the baby in the crib.
complement
SIT
This verb means to take a seat. It is also often used with the preposition down.
We are going to sit in the fifth row at the opera.
Bullfight fans sit in the shade because it is cool.
Because the weather was nice, we sat on the patio.
After swimming, Bob sat on the beach to dry off.
Nobody has sat through as many boring lectures as Pete has.
They have sat in the same position for two hours.
SET
This verb means to put somebody or something on a surface or in a place. It is often interchangeable with lay or put except in certain idiomatic expressions like set the table.
The little girl helps her father set the table every night.
complement
The carpenters set their tools in the box at noon and go to lunch.
complement
The botanist set her plants in the sun so that they would grow.
complement
After carrying her son from the car, the mother set him in his crib.
complement
Don’t set the chocolate near the oven or it will melt.
complement
No sooner had they set the roast in the oven, than the electricity went out.
complement
IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS WITH SET, LAY AND RAISE
The company had to lay off twenty-five employees because of a production slowdown.
Dr. Jacobs has set many broken bones in plaster casts.
John set his alarm for six o’clock.
The chef is hoping that the Jell-O will set quickly.
While playing with matches, the children set fire to the sofa.
That fanner raises chickens for a living.
Exercise 1 Problem Verbs
Circle the correct form of the verb in parentheses and underline the complement if there is one. Remember that complements do not begin with prepositions
1 You will see on the map that the Public Auditorium (lies/lays) north of the lake. 2. My dog loves to (sit/set) in the sun.
3 The delivery boy (lay/laid) the groceries on the table.
4 After the heavy rain, the water in the lake (raised/rose) another two feet.
5 The paperhangers decided to (raise/rise) the picture a few more inches.
6 He was exhausted so he decided to (lie/lay) down for a little while.
7 The workers were (lying/laying) cement for the patio when it began to rain.
8 The soldier (rose/raised) the flag when he heard the bugle blow.
9 In chemistry class, we learned that hot air (rises/raises).
10 They tried to (set/sit) the explosives carefully on the floor.
VII A big problem will be VOCABULARY
1 I feel depressed today because the weather is bad.
|a) sad |b) joyous |c) healthy |d) rich |
2 I want you to choose whichever dessert you want.
|a) pick off |b) pick up |c) pick away |d) pick out |
3 The top of the mountain is covered with snow.
|a) base |b) foothills |c) peak |d) side |
4 When you are thirsty, you should drink ____________.
|a) gasoline |b) water |c) paint |d) ink |
5 I live in a very safe ____________.
|a) neigh |b) neighbour |c) neighbourly |d) neighbourhood |
6 The test will be hard.
|a) difficult |b) easy |c) short |d) simple |
7 They inspected the engine completely.
|a) partially |b) sporadically |c) thoroughly |d) superficially |
8 It is risky to drive at night in an ice storm.
|a) entertaining |b) hazardous |c) safe |d) fun |
9 He was murdered when he was 23 years old.
|a) born |b) graduated |c) married |d) killed |
10 The doctors say he will recover and survive the operation.
|a) pull over |b) pull out |c) pull off |d) pull through |
If you have three answers that all mean the same thing, they cancel each other out and you are left with what is the correct answer, even if you don’t know the meaning of it
11 I ate a gargantuan piece of cake at lunch.
|a) gigantic |b) little |c) small |d) tiny |
12 Steve is stupid.
|a) smart |b) intelligent |c) dumb |d) brainy |
13 He comes from a poor family.
|a) wealthy |b) moneyless |c) affluent |d) rich |
14 The test was horrible.
|a) awful |b) terrible |c) hideous |d) all of the above |
15 The transformer is inoperative today.
|a) good |b) malfunctioning |c) expensive |d) working |
16 I need new glasses. I can’t see the ___________ of that clock.
|a) fingers |b) arms |c) legs |d) hands |
17 I feel weary today.
|a) happy |b) exhausted |c) angry |d) silly |
18 Choose the word that means the same as: leader, main
|a) match |b) fever |c) chief |d) settle |
19 Choose the word that means the same as: want
|a) advance |b) produce |c) honor |d) desire |
20 Choose the word that means the same as: student
|a) pupil |b) industry |c) determine |d) advantage |
21 Choose the word that means the same as: bother, annoy
|a) disturb |b) qualify |c) influence |d) afford |
22 Choose the word that means the same as: immediate
|a) angle |b) instant |c) earn |d) recent |
23 Choose the word that means the same as: choose, designate
|a) efficiency |b) insult |c) refer |d) appoint |
24 Choose the word that means the same as: turn down, reject
|a) refuse |b) interference |c) audience |d) event |
25 Choose the word that means the same as: stretch
|a) balance |b) extend |c) jealous |d) relate |
26 Choose the word that means the same as: ask for
|a) basic |b) extent |c) request |d) jewel |
27 Choose the word that means the same as: trip
|a) behavior |b) extreme |c) resist |d) journey |
28 Choose the word that means the same as: need, want
|a) bribe |b) lack |c) responsible |d) faint |
29 Choose the word that means the same as: stop, avoid
|a) prevent |b) hire |c) deserve |d) accuse |
30 Choose the word that means the same as: payment, wages
|a) manufacture |b) fault |c) salary |d) ceremony |
31 Choose the word that means the same as: wait
|a) descend |b) practical |c) hesitate |d) witness |
32 Choose the word that means the same as: friend
|a) companion |b) figure |c) sort |d) mild |
33 Choose the word that means the same as: fight
|a) confess |b) struggle |c) model |d) forbid |
34 Choose the word that means the same as: think about
|a) suspect |b) modest |c) former |d) consider |
35 Choose the word that means the same as: scare
|a) frighten |b) system |c) motion |d) crop |
36 Choose the word that means the same as: robber
|a) gain |b) curious |c) thief |d) narrow |
37 Choose the word that means the same as: unselfish
|a) curse |b) generous |c) occasion |d) threaten |
38 Choose the word that means the same as: rule
|a) govern |b) dare |c) operation |d) trial |
39 Choose the word that means the same as: little by little
|a) value |b) patient |c) declare |d) gradual |
40 Choose the word that means the same as: stop
|a) violent |b) pause |c) guilt |d) decrease |
41 Choose the word that means the same as: hurry
|a) depend |b) haste |c) perform |d) weapon |
42 Choose the word that means the same as: style
|a) fashion |b) bury |c) manage |d) reward |
43 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: jealousy, wanting what someone else has
|a) misery |b) regret |c) envy |d) neglect |e) poverty |
44 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: big meal
|a) ruin |b) temper |c) reserve |d) basis |e) feast |
45 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: strange, different
|a) peculiar |b) solid |c) punctual |d) loyal |e) cruel |
46 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: respect, think highly of
|a) encourage |b) praise |c) wound |d) admire |e) damage |
47 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: leave out, not include
|a) various |b) adopt |c) harm |d) omit |e) reflect |
48 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: rarely, not often
|a) extensive |b) seldom |c) fond |d) steady |e) bitter |
49 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: specific, certain
|a) efficient |b) tough |c) sore |d) particular |e) neat |
50 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: bother, disturb
|a) approve |b) tempt |c) profit |d) compose |e) annoy |
51 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: smart, intelligent
|a) clever |b) proud |c) imaginary |d) broad |e) rude |
52 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: ask, question
|a) arrest |b) strike |c) twist |d) inquire |e) observe |
53 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: pail, basket
|a) citizen |b) greed |c) wage |d) spirit |e) bucket |
54 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: hard, solid
|a) calm |b) firm |c) standard |d) public |e) delicate |
55 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: care, watchfulness
|a) justice |b) pattern |c) stain |d) unit |e) caution |
56 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: aware, awake
|a) dependent |b) gentle |c) conscious |d) signal |e) local |
57 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: comment, statement
|a) remark |b) scene |c) treasury |d) reputation |e) ambition |
58 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: allow, enable
|a) surround |b) rescue |c) permit |d) evil |e) avoid |
59 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: fake, copy
|a) victory |b) curve |c) duty |d) association |e) imitation |
60 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: correct, suitable
|a) rough |b) chimney |c) due |d) proper |e) wicked |
61 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: shopkeeper, businessman
|a) account |b) soil |c) committee |d) merchant |e) agent |
62 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: say, speak
|a) express |b) fade |c) pretend |d) tell |e) utter |
63 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: valuable, worth a lot
|a) vain |b) solemn |c) moral |d) precious |e) absolute |
64 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: keep, save
|a) claim |b) scold |c) resign |d) intend |e) preserve |
65 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: private, secret
|a) confidential |b) regard |c) humble |d) awkward |e) shallow |
66 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: smell, odor
|a) grace |b) delight |c) nuisance |d) scent |e) limb |
67 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: big, large, huge
|a) slight |b) lame |c) bare |d) immense |e) severe |
68 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: garbage, trash
|a) accord |b) rubbish |c) critic |d) modesty |e) weed |
69 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: fear, nervousness
|a) anxiety |b) universe |c) mercy |d) decay |e) shelter |
70 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: decoration
|a) detail |b) ornament |c) virtue |d) substance |e) grease |
71 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: unusual, special, unique
|a) hollow |b) tender |c) extraordinary |d) fancy |e) ripe |
72 Choose the word similar in meaning to: competitor, enemy
|a) commerce |b) rival |c) worship |d) union |e) despair |
73 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: freedom
|a) liberty |b) spite |c) wreck |d) discipline |e) faith |
74 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: fight, argue
|a) dismiss |b) distinguish |c) pinch |d) quarrel |e) burst |
75 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: edge, border
|a) widow |b) surface |c) organ |d) joint |e) boundary |
76 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: important, necessary
|a) artificial |b) essential |c) spare |d) idle |e) prompt |
77 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: fast, quick
|a) fierce |b) pity |c) rapid |d) permanent |e) pleasant |
78 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: prevent, deter
|a) retire |b) urge |c) yield |d) boast |e) hinder |
79 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: small package
|a) charm |b) remedy |c) parcel |d) deceit |e) pardon |
80 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: shake, shiver, vibrate
|a) wander |b) tremble |c) scatter |d) tend |e) amuse |
81 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: status, position
|a) bunch |b) conscience |c) origin |d) rank |e) obedience |
82 Choose the word most similar in meaning to: question, request for information
|a) debt |b) inquiry |c) excess |d) prejudice |e) confidence |
Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: Children should take care of their pets.
|1 One’s ___________ on parents lasts a long time. | |
|2 What was the ___________ with your brother about? |help |
|3 Please have ___________ with me. |influence |
|4 Who had the most ____________ on you when you were young? |dependence |
|5 Dad wanted ___________ with chores. |patience |
| |quarrel |
Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: I have several videos about the Beatles.
|1 He is giving a ___________ of early romantic music. | |
|2 The __________ of the fair disappointed the children. |show |
|3 We were sad about the __________ of our vacation plans; we had to wait |books |
|another month. |concert |
|4 He collects ___________ about grammar. |cancellation |
|5 The ___________ about planets was very interesting. |postponement |
Exercise 3 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: How is her proficiency in English?
|1 The ___________ of the th sound was easy for him. | |
|2 For homework, she recommended ___________ with idioms. |translation |
|3 Did she make any ____________ in pronunciation? |errors |
|4 We are striving for ____________ in English. |fluency |
|5 The __________ from English into Hebrew was difficult. |pronunciation |
| |practice |
Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: The layoff of thirty employees was announced yesterday.
|1 They mailed their ____________ for a license. | |
|2 His ___________ for the position came in the mail today. | |
|3 The ___________ of three more workers is expected. |consideration |
|4 We need a __________ with someone in the auditor’s office so we can get our|connection |
|permit. |layoff |
|5 After ___________ of our financial status, we must withdraw our offer. |application |
| |contract |
Exercise 5 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: He asked for protection from a bully.
|1 Don’t worry, there is no ___________ of famine in the area. | |
|2 They search for ____________ from gang activity. |defense |
|3 The __________ of unsafe driving practices comes through education. |awareness |
|4 The __________ of private property is illegal. |destruction |
|5 Their __________ against flood damage included sandbags. |danger |
| |freedom |
Exercise 6 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: They prayed for victory over their enemies.
|1 He has not been in ___________ with his former wife. | |
|2 Her __________ with her classmate resulted in an argument |alliances |
|3 We have total __________ in them. |confidence |
|4 Nations form ___________ with other nations for protection |contact |
|5 We hated him for his ____________ of our secret. |betrayal |
| |disagreement |
Exercise 7 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: He began his research on the topic a year ago.
|1 She wrote a ____________ on Latin American art. | |
|2 We are having an ___________ in math. | |
|3 Their ____________ of ancient tools was remarkable. |instruction |
|4 He received _____________ in computer programming. |study |
|5 Her ___________ of the infant’s behavior was thorough. |paper |
| |analysis |
| |exam |
Exercise 8 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: The cost of electricity is high.
|1 Is there a ____________ on cigarettes? | |
|2 The ____________ of success is hard work. |production |
|3 Your _____________ for pencils will be filled immediately. |tax |
|4 When does _____________ of the new software begin? |bill |
|5 Who paid the _____________ for the delivery? |order |
| |price |
Exercise 9 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: Who is the head of the department?
|1 He noticed a ___________ in the size of the patient’s tumor. | |
|2 Has there been any ____________ in her condition? |prescription |
|3 The ___________ of the illness was wrong. |injection improvement |
|4 She used a needle to give me an ___________ of Novocain. |growth |
|5 The doctor called in a ____________ for pain medication. |diagnosis |
Exercise 10 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: They were involved in a competition for best design.
|1 His ___________ against the new construction was unconvincing. | |
|2 Who provided the ___________ for expansion? |difference |
|3 The __________ in chemical engineering will give a lecture today. |deviation |
|4 Some __________ from the first measurement was expected. |argument |
|5 There was a huge ___________ between the two conclusions. |expert |
| |rationale |
Exercise 11 Fill in the blanks below with the correct noun
Example: He has proposed a cut in taxes.
|1 No one expected a _________ in interest rates. |cause |
|2 The ________ to the politician’s credibility could not be undone. |fall |
|3 The ________ of the economic upswing was not clear. |rise |
|4 He predicts a sharp _________ in the value of the dollar. |advantage |
|5 Do you see the __________ of that country's economic policy? |damage |
VIII PROBLEM VOCABULARY AND PREPOSITIONS
This section contains information and exercises on commonly misused words, confusingly related words, use of prepositions, and two-word verbs. With each section are example sentences and exercises. The answers to the exercises will be found at the end of this section.
It should be noted that the material presented here may appear not only in the reading comprehension section of TOEFL but also in the grammar section and even in the listening comprehension section. Prior to July 1995, TOEFL contained a separate vocabulary section, but that has been eliminated. Vocabulary is tested in the reading comprehension section in order to provide contextual clues about the definitions. Therefore, you should take advantage of the fact that the words appear in context by using the clues contained in the reading passage to assist in choosing the correct synonym.
Memorizing long lists of words may result in frustration and is actually not very useful. There is no way to know which of the words you memorize will appear on TOEFL. Therefore, you should try to improve your vocabulary as you improve your English in general. The following suggestions will be useful in helping you improve your vocabulary.
1 Read well-written books, magazines, and newspapers. Magazines such as Time and Newsweek, for example, and major newspapers contain sophisticated vocabulary and grammatical constructions. Reading such materials is very useful.
2 Look up every word that is unfamiliar to you in the practice tests in this book and in other reading material. Keep a notebook of unfamiliar words. After looking up the word, write the word, the definition, and an original sentence in your notebook and study it often.
3 Study the problem vocabulary items and two-word verbs (verbal idioms) in this book.
4 Review your vocabulary word notebook often. Repetition will help you to remember the meaning of difficult words.
1 COMMONLY MISUSED WORDS
The following words are often misused by native English speakers as well as nonnative speakers. Sometimes the spellings are so similar that people fail to distinguish between them. Others are pronounced exactly the same, but they are spelled differently and have different meanings. Words in the latter category are called homonyms. Study the words, parts of speech (noun, verb, etc.), definitions, and sample sentences in this list.
ANGEL (noun) - a spiritual or heavenly being. The Christmas card portrayed a choir of angels hovering over the shepherds.
ANGLE (noun) - a figure formed by two lines meeting at a common point. The carpenters placed the planks at right angles.
CITE (verb) - quote as an example. In her term paper, Janis had to cite many references.
SITE (noun) - location. The corner of North Main and Mimosa Streets will be the site of the new shopping center.
SIGHT (a) (noun) - a device used to assist aim (of a gun or telescope). Through the sight of the rifle, the soldier spotted the enemy, (b) (noun) - view. Watching the landing of the space capsule was a pleasant sight, (c) (verb) - see. We sighted a ship in the bay.
COSTUME (noun) - clothing, typical style of dress. We all decided to wear colonial costumes to the Fourth of July celebration.
CUSTOM (noun) - a practice that is traditionally followed by a particular group of people. It is a custom in Western Europe for little boys to wear short pants to school.
DECENT (adjective) - respectable or suitable. When one appears in court, one must wear decent clothing.
DESCENT (noun) (a) - downward motion. The mountain climbers found their descent more hazardous than their ascent, (b) - lineage. Vladimir is of Russian descent.
DESSERT (noun) (desert) - the final course of a meal, usually something sweet. We had apple pie for dessert last night.
DESERT (noun) (desert) - a hot, dry place. It is difficult to survive in the desert without water.
DESERT (verb) (desert) - abandon. After deserting his post, the soldier ran away from the camp.
LATER (adverb) - a time in the future or following a previous action. We went to the movies and later had ice cream at Dairy Isle.
LATTER (adjective) - last of two things mentioned. Germany and England both developed dirigibles for use during World War II, the latter primarily for coastal reconnaissance, (latter = England).
LOOSE (adjective) - opposite of tight. After dieting, Marcy found that her clothes had become so loose that she had to buy a new wardrobe.
LOSE (verb) (a) - to be unable to find something. Mary lost her glasses last week. (b) - opposite of win. If Harry doesn’t practice his tennis more, he may lose the match.
PASSED (verb - past tense of pass) (a) - elapse. Five hours passed before the jury reached its verdict, (b) - go by or beyond. While we were sitting in the park, several of our friends passed us. (c) - succeed. The students are happy that they passed their exams.
PAST (a) (adjective) - a time or event before the present. This past week has been very hectic for the students returning to the university, (b) (noun) - time before the present. In the past, he had been a cook, a teacher, and a historian.
PEACE (noun) - harmony or freedom from war. Peace was restored to the community after a week of rioting.
PIECE (noun) - part of a whole. Heidi ate a piece of chocolate cake for dessert.
PRINCIPAL (a) (noun) - director of an elementary or secondary school. The principal called a faculty meeting, (b) (adjective) - main or most important. An anthropologist, who had worked with the indigenous tribes in Australia, was the principal speaker at Friday’s luncheon.
PRINCIPLE (noun) - fundamental rule or adherence to such a rule. Mr. Connors is a man who believes that truthfulness is the best principle.
QUIET (adjective) - serene, without noise. The night was so quiet that you could hear the breeze blowing.
QUITE (adverb) (a) - completely. Louise is quite capable of taking over the household chores while her mother is away. (b) - somewhat or rather. He was quite tired after his first day of classes.
QUIT (verb) - stop. Herman quit smoking on his doctor’s advice.
STATIONARY (adjective) - nonmovable, having a fixed location. The weatherman said that the warm front would be stationary for several days.
STATIONERY (noun) - special writing paper. Lucille used only monogrammed stationery for correspondence.
THAN (conjunction) - used in unequal comparisons. Today’s weather is better than yesterday’s.
THEN (adverb) - a time following a previously mentioned time. First, Julie filled out her schedule; then, she paid her fees.
THEIR (adjective) - plural possessive adjective. Their team scored the most points during the game.
THERE (adverb) (a) - location away from here. Look over there between the trees, (b) - used with the verb be to indicate existence. There is a book on the teacher’s desk.
THEY’RE (pronoun + verb) - contraction of they + are. They’re leaving on the noon flight to Zurich.
TO (preposition) - toward, until, as far as. Go to the blackboard and write out the equation.
TWO (noun or adjective) - number following one. Two theories have been proposed to explain that incident.
TOO (adverb) (a) - excessively. This morning was too cold for the children to go swimming, (b) - also. Jane went to the movie, and we did too.
WEATHER (noun) - atmospheric conditions. Our flight was delayed because of bad weather.
WHETHER (conjunction) - if, indicates a choice. Because of the gas shortage, we do not know whether we will go away for our vacation or stay home.
WHOSE (pronoun) - possessive relative pronoun or adjective. The person whose name is drawn first will win the grand prize.
WHO’S (relative pronoun + verb) - contraction of who + is or who + has. Who’s your new biology professor? Scott is the attorney who’s been reviewing this case.
YOUR (adjective) - possessive of you. We are all happy about your accepting the position with the company in Baltimore.
YOU’RE (pronoun + verb) - contraction of you + are. You’re going to enjoy the panorama from the top of the hill.
Exercise 1 Commonly Misused Words
Select the correct word in parentheses to complete the meaning of the sentence
1 A beautiful (angle/angel) adorned their Christmas tree.
2 I have (your/you’re) notes here, but I cannot find mine.
3 The rescuers were a welcome (cite/sight/site) for those trapped on the snow-covered mountain.
4 (Who’s/Whose) supposed to supply the refreshments for tonight’s meeting?
5 It is a (costume/custom) in the United States to eat turkey on Thanksgiving.
6 (Weather/Whether) we drive or fly depends on the length of our vacation.
7 Pasquale is of French (decent/descent), but his cousin is English.
8 Dr. Hippie will not be coming (to/two/too) the meeting because he has (to/two/too) many papers to grade.
9 Although my mother never eats (desert/dessert), I prefer something sweet.
10 I guess (their/there/they’re) not interested because we have not heard from them.
11 Doris and Marge teach kindergarten; the (latter/later) works in Putnam.
12 Isaac Asimov’s science books are more easily understood (than/then) most scientists’.
13 The fender on Sean’s bike came (loose/lose) and had to be tightened.
14 Nobody had any (stationary/stationery), so we had to use notebook paper to write the letter.
15 The hikers had (passed/past) many hours waiting to be rescued.
16 Lisa had to (quiet/quit/quite) eating apples after the orthodontist put braces on her teeth.
17 After any war, the world desires a lasting (peace/piece).
18 Albert Einstein expressed his (principal/principle) of relativity.
19 Marcia was (quit/quiet/quite) tired after the long walk to class.
20 You must remember to (cite/site/sight) your references when you write a paper.
2 CONFUSINGLY RELATED WORDS
These are words that cause problems when the speaker is not able to distinguish between them. They are similar in meaning or pronunciation but CANNOT be used interchangeably. Learn the definition of each and its use before employing it in conversation.
ACCEPT (verb) - to take what is given. Professor Perez will accept the chairmanship of the humanities department.
EXCEPT (preposition) - excluding or omitting a thing or person. Everyone is going to the convention except Bob, who has to work.
ACCESS (noun) - availability, way of gaining entrance. The teachers had no access to the students’ files, which were locked in the principal’s office.
EXCESS (a) (adjective) - abundant, superfluous. We paid a surcharge on our excess baggage, (b) (noun) - extra amount. The demand for funds was in excess of the actual need.
ADVICE (noun) - opinion given to someone, counseling. If you heed the teacher’s advice, you will do well in your studies.
ADVISE (verb) - act of giving an opinion or counsel. The Congress advised the president against signing the treaty at that time.
AFFECT (verb) - to produce a change in. The doctors wanted to see how the medication would affect the patient.
EFFECT (a) (noun) - end result or consequence. The children suffered no ill effects from their long plane ride. (b) (verb) - to produce as a result. To effect a change in city government we must all vote on Tuesday.
AGAIN (adverb) - repetition of an action, one more time. Mike wrote to the publishers again, inquiring about his manuscript.
AGAINST (preposition) (a) - in opposition to someone or something. The athletic director was against our dancing in the new gym. (b) - next to, adjacent. The boy standing against the piano is my cousin Bill.
ALREADY (adverb) - an action that happened at an indefinite time before the present. Jan’s plane had already landed before we got to the airport.
ALL READY (noun + adjective) - prepared to do something. We are all ready to go boating.
AMONG (preposition) - shows a relationship or selection involving three or more entities. It was difficult to select a winner from among so many contestants.
BETWEEN (preposition) - shows a relationship or selection involving only two entities. Between writing her book and teaching, Mary Ellen had little time for anything else. NOTE: When between is followed by two nouns or noun phrases, the two nouns or noun phrases must be separated by and and never by or.
BESIDE (preposition) - next to. There is a small table beside the bed.
BESIDES (preposition or adverb) - in addition to, also, moreover. I have five history books here besides the four that I left at home.
ASIDE (adverb) - to one side. Harry sets money aside every payday for his daughter’s education.
COMPARE (verb) - show similarities. Sue compared her new school with the last one she had attended.
CONTRAST (verb) - show differences. In her composition, Marta chose to contrast life in a big city with that of a small town.
CONSECUTIVE (adjective) - indicates an uninterrupted sequence. Today is the tenth consecutive day of this unbearable heat wave.
SUCCESSIVE (adjective) - indicates a series of separate events. The United States won gold medals in two successive Olympic Games.
CONSIDERABLE (adjective) - rather large amount or degree. Even though Marge had considerable experience in the field, she was not hired for the job.
CONSIDERATE (adjective) - thoughtful, polite. It was very considerate of Harry to send his hostess a bouquet of flowers.
CREDIBLE (adjective) - believable. His explanation of the rescue at sea seemed credible.
CREDITABLE (adjective) - worthy of praise. The fireman’s daring rescue of those trapped in the burning building was a creditable deed.
CREDULOUS (adjective) - gullible. Rita is so credulous that she will accept any excuse you offer.
DETRACT (verb) - take away or lessen the value of a person or thing. Molly’s nervousness detracted from her singing.
DISTRACT (verb) - cause a lack of mental concentration on what one is doing or the goals one has set. Please don’t distract your father while he is balancing the checkbook.
DEVICE (noun) - an invention or plan. This is a clever device for cleaning fish without getting pinched by the scales.
DEVISE (verb) - invent, create, contrive. The general devised a plan for attacking the enemy camp at night while the soldiers were celebrating.
ELICIT (verb) - draw out, evoke. The prosecutor’s barrage of questions finally elicited the truth from the witness.
ILLICIT (adjective) - unlawful. The politician’s illicit dealings with organized crime caused him to lose his government position.
EMIGRANT (noun) - one who leaves one’s own country to live in another. After World War II, many emigrants left Europe to go to the United States.
IMMIGRANT (noun) - one who comes to a new country to settle. The United States is a country composed of immigrants. NOTE: The verbs are emigrate and immigrate. It is possible to be both an emigrant and an immigrant at the same time as one leaves one’s own country (emigrant) and arrives in another country (immigrant) to settle.
EXAMPLE (noun) - anything used to prove a point. Picasso’s Guernica is an excellent example of expressionism in art.
SAMPLE (noun) - a representative part of a whole. My niece loves to go to the supermarket because the dairy lady always gives her a sample of cheese.
FORMERLY (adverb) - previously. He formerly worked as a professor, but now he is a physicist.
FORMALLY (adverb) (a) - an elegant way of dressing, usually a tuxedo for men and a long gown for women. At the resort we were required to dress formally for dinner every night, (b) - properly, officially. She has formally requested a name change.
HARD (adjective) (a) - difficult. The test was so hard that nobody passed, (b) - opposite of soft. The stadium seats were hard, so we rented a cushion, (adverb) (c) - with great effort. They worked hard on the project.
HARDLY (adverb) - barely, scarcely. He had so much work to do after the vacation that he hardly knew where to begin.
HELPLESS (adjective) - unable to remedy (an animate thing is helpless). Because I could not speak their language, I felt helpless trying to understand the tourists’ plight.
USELESS (adjective) - worthless, unserviceable. An umbrella is useless in a hurricane.
HOUSE (noun) and HOME (noun) are many times used interchangeably, but there exists a difference in meaning, (a) House refers to the building or structure. The Chapmans are building a new house in Buckingham Estates, (b) Home refers to the atmosphere or feeling of domestic tranquility found in a house. Home is where the heart is.
IMAGINARY (adjective) - something not real that exists in one’s imagination. Since Ralph has no brothers or sisters, he has created an imaginary playmate.
IMAGINATIVE (adjective) - showing signs of great imagination. Star Wars was created by a highly imaginative writer.
IMMORTAL (adjective) - incapable of dying. The immortal works of Shakespeare are still being read and enjoyed three centuries after their writing.
IMMORAL (adjective) - against the moral law, bad, evil. Their immoral behavior in front of the students cost the teachers their jobs.
IMPLICIT (adjective) - understood, but not specifically stated. Our supervisor has implicit faith in our ability to finish this project on time.
EXPLICIT (adjective) - expressed in a clear and precise manner. The professor gave explicit instructions for carrying out the research project.
INDUSTRIAL (adjective) - pertaining to industry. Paul had an industrial accident and was in the hospital for three months.
INDUSTRIOUS (adjective) - diligent, hardworking. Mark was such an industrious student that he received a four-year scholarship to the university.
INFLICT (verb) - impose something unwelcome. Because the prisoners had created a riot and had assaulted several guards, the warden inflicted severe punishments on all the participants.
AFFLICT (verb) - cause physical or mental pain. During the Middle Ages, millions of people were afflicted by the plague.
INSPIRATION (noun) - stimulation to learn or discover. Thomas A. Edison, inventor of the phonograph, said that an idea was ninety-nine percent perspiration and one percent inspiration.
ASPIRATION (noun) (a) - ambition, desire, goal. Gail’s lifelong aspiration has been that of becoming a doctor, (b) - expulsion of breath. To pronounce certain words, proper aspiration is necessary.
INTELLIGENT (adjective) - possessing a great deal of mental ability. Dan was so intelligent that he received good grades without ever having to study.
INTELLIGIBLE (adjective) - clear, easily understood. The science teacher’s explanations were so intelligible that students had no problems doing their assignments.
INTELLECTUAL (a) (noun) - any person who possesses a great deal of knowledge. Because Fabian is an intellectual, he finds it difficult to associate with his classmates who are less intelligent. (b) (adjective) - wise. John was involved in an intellectual conversation with his old professor.
INTENSE (adjective) - extreme. Last winter’s intense cold almost depleted the natural gas supply.
INTENSIVE (adjective) - concentrated. Before going to Mexico, Phil took an intensive course in Spanish.
LATE (a) (adjective or adverb) - not punctual. Professor Carmi-chael hates to see his students arrive late. (b) (adjective) - no longer living. Her late husband was the author of that book.
LATELY (adverb) - recently. I haven’t seen Burt lately. He must be extremely busy with his research.
LEARN (verb) - obtain knowledge. The new cashier had to learn how to operate the computerized cash register.
TEACH (verb) - impart knowledge. The instructor is teaching us how to program computers.
LEND (verb) and LOAN (verb) - give something for temporary use with the promise of returning it. (Lend and loan as verbs may be used interchangeably.) Jill loaned (lent) me her red dress to wear to the dance.
BORROW (verb) - receive something for temporary use with the promise of returning it. I borrowed Jill’s red dress to wear to the dance.
LIQUEFY (verb) - change to a watery or liquid state. The ice cream began to liquefy in the intense heat.
LIQUIDATE (verb) - eliminate, get rid of, change to cash. The foreign agents tried to liquidate the traitor before he passed the information to his contacts.
LONELY (adjective) - depressed feeling as a result of abandonment or being alone. After her husband’s death, Debbie was very lonely and withdrawn.
ALONE (adjective) - physical state of solitude, unaccompanied. After losing in the Olympic tryouts, Phil asked to be left alone.
NEAR (preposition or adverb) - used to indicate a place not too far distant. My biology class meets near the Student Union.
NEARLY (adverb) - almost. We were nearly hit by the speeding car on the turnpike.
OBSERVATION (noun) - act of paying attention to or being paid attention. The ancient Egyptians’ observation of the heavenly bodies helped them know when to plant and harvest.
OBSERVANCE (noun) - act of following custom or ceremony. There will be numerous parades and displays of fireworks in observance of Independence Day.
PERSECUTE (verb) - torture, harass. Throughout history many people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs.
PROSECUTE (verb) - in legal terms, to bring suit against or enforce a law through a legal process. Shoplifters will be prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law.
PRECEDE (verb) - to come before. Weather Service warnings preceded the hurricane.
PROCEED (verb) - continue an action after a rest period or interruption. After the fire drill, the teacher proceeded to explain the experiment to the physics class.
QUANTITY (noun) - used with non-count nouns to indicate amount, bulk. A large quantity of sand was removed before the archeologists found the prehistoric animal bones.
NUMBER (noun) - used with count nouns to designate individual amount. A number of artifacts were found at the excavation site.
REMEMBER (verb) - to recall or think of again. I do not remember what time he asked me to call. You don’t remember me, do you?
REMIND (verb) - to cause (someone) to remember, to bring into (someone’s) mind. Please remind me to call Henry at 7 o’clock tonight. Henry reminds me of my uncle.
SENSIBLE (adjective) - having good judgment. When it is raining hard, sensible people stay indoors.
SENSITIVE (adjective) - excitable, touchy, easily affected by outside influences. Stephen cannot be out in the sun very long because he has very sensitive skin and bums easily.
SPECIAL (adjective) - that which receives a lot of attention because of a distinct characteristic. Meyer’s Department Store will have a special sale for their charge customers.
ESPECIALLY (adverb) - particularly. Rita is especially talented in the fine arts. She has a special talent for playing music by ear.
USE (noun) - act of putting into practice or service, application. The salesman said that regular use of fertilizer would ensure a greener, healthier lawn.
USAGE (noun) - way in which something is used. Norm Crosby’s usage of English vocabulary in his comedy routine is hilarious.
Exercise 2 Confusingly Related Words
Select the word in parentheses that completes the meaning in each sentence
1 Betty’s insulting remark greatly (effected/affected) Kurt, who is a very sensitive person.
2 Detroit manufacturers hope to develop an easily attachable (device/devise) for the carburetor to improve gas mileage.
3.While doing the experiment, we asked the lab technician’s (advice/advise).
4. After declaring bankruptcy, the company was forced to (liquefy/ liquidate) its assets.
5 Keith’s company’s headquarters were (formerly/formally) located in Philadelphia.
6 (Especially/Special) attention must be given to the questions at the end of each chapter.
7 George was (among/between) those students selected to participate in the debate.
8 They were (already/all ready) to leave when a telegram arrived.
9 By asking many questions, the instructor tried to (elicit/illicit) information from the students.
10 You should not say things that might make a highly (sensitive/ sensible) person upset.
11 The United States is a “melting pot,” a land of (emigrants/ immigrants).
12 A large (number/quantity) of whales beached and died last year because of ear problems.
13 When Louise set the table, she placed the silverware (besides/ beside) the plates.
14 Mark is (sensible/sensitive) enough to swim close to shore.
15 In 1969 the astronauts who landed on the moon collected (examples/samples) of rocks and soil.
16 Maria has been working very (hardly/hard) on her thesis.
17 The government will (persecute/prosecute) the guilty parties for polluting the waters.
18 Every time Mariela travels with her children, she carries (access/excess) baggage.
19 Dante’s (immoral/immortal) literary masterpieces are read in universities across the country.
20 An explanation will (precede/proceed) each section of the test.
21 Eric’s courageous rescue of the drowning child was a (credulous/ creditable) deed.
22 Perry’s spare flashlight was (helpless/useless) the night of the storm because the batteries were corroded.
23 The gaudy decorations in the hall (detracted/distracted) from the beauty of the celebration.
24 Everything (accept/except) our swimwear is packed and ready to go.
25 “Your essay is very (imaginary/imaginative) and worthy of an ‘A’ grade,” said Mrs. Jameson to her student.
IX PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES!!!
Exercise 1 Choose a word from the box to complete each prepositional phrase below
Example: Many mail-order companies have put their catalogs on line.
|1 He didn’t have any cash, so he paid by ___________. | |
|2 I can’t afford this television at this price. Will it ever go on __________? | |
|3 That store has Christmas ornaments in __________ even during the summer. |cash |
|4 My credit card wasn’t accepted, so I paid for my new shoes in __________. |check |
|5 Our landlord has asked us to move. Do you know of any apartments for ___________? |credit card |
|6 Their house has been for __________ for a long time. |free |
|They can’t find any buyers. |line |
|7 The company fixed my computer for __________ because it was under warranty. |nothing |
|8 She has a big debt because she pays for everything by _________. |rent |
|9 We were able to buy some new software on ________. |sale |
|10 I did the work for ___________ because I owed him a favor. |stock |
Exercise 2 Choose a word from the box to complete each prepositional phrase below
Example: His beliefs and his behavior are at odds.
|1 Most students in the United States learn foreign languages when they are in | |
|high school. In ________, citizens of North Carolina begin their language | |
|training in elementary school. |common |
|2 We fell in love because we had a lot in __________. |comparison |
|3 The two Internet browsers are similar in many_________. |contrary |
|4 Her first novel was a bestseller; by ___________, her later books have been |contrast |
|disappointing. |hand |
|5 We have to believe the report: No one has found data to the __________. |odds |
|6 Some of you might think these ideas are original. On the ___________, if you |way |
|look at the writings of Aristotle, you will find the same claims. |ways |
|7 It’s a hard decision to make. On the one _________, we like convenience. On | |
|the other ____________, we don’t want to pollute the air. | |
|8 You might want to apply for that job. On the other ___________, you might not | |
|want to if you don’t like commuting long distances. | |
|9 Children often imitate bad language they hear on the playground. In the same | |
|__________, they often mimic bad language they hear on television. | |
|10 Democrats and Republicans are usually at ______. | |
Exercise 3 Circle the preposition that correctly completes the sentence.
Example: I spoke ___________ them yesterday.
about over to
1 We should unite ___________ the other department.
about for with
2 Our friends rely ___________ us.
about on to
3 We disagreed ___________ our work benefits.
about for to
4 I have worked ___________ Chen for six years.
about to with
5 She spoke ___________ me yesterday.
about to over
Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Point at the one you want.
|1 I usually ___________ for clothes at the mall. | |
|2 Did you ___________ at any new cars? |ask |
|3 We didn’t have much time, so I could only ________ |glance |
|at the watches on sale. |look |
|4 If you don’t know where the store is, why don’t you ___________ for directions? |search |
|5 You can ___________ for your lost mittens in the |shop |
|lost-and-found box. | |
Exercise 5 Circle the prepositional phrase that correctly completes the sentence
Example: The clerk asked ___________.
at my credit card for my credit card
1 She pointed ___________.
at the price for the price
2 We were laughing ___________.
at the funny T-shirt for the funny T-shirt
3 I practically begged __________, but still no one would assist me.
at help for help
4 The number of books amazed him. He could only stare _________.
at them for them
Exercise 6 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Should I ask out your friend?
|1 Did you ___________ out last night? |ask |
|2 Let’s ____________ her over. |break |
|3 Do you _____________ like playing tennis? |feel |
|4 When will you ____________ me up? |go |
|5 If you don’t like him, why don’t you _________ up? |pick |
Exercise 7 Choose a word from the box to complete each prepositional phrase below
Example: They have been in low spirits since their grandfather became ill.
|1 I’m feeling under the ___________, so I won’t be in the office today. |breath |
|2 Louise is very thin because she’s always on a ___________. |diet |
|3 He hasn’t been in good ____________ for a long time. |health |
|4 Why are you in such low____________? |medication |
|5 I was in so much ____________that I couldn’t sleep. |the mend |
|6 In order to get in ____________, he started to exercise. |pain |
|7 I’m on __________ for a sore throat, but it makes me dizzy. |shape |
|8 She had just run three miles, so she was out of___________. |spirits |
|9 Her daughter has been in ___________ for two years. |therapy |
|10 I wasn’t sure I would recover, but I’m on the __________ now. |weather |
Exercise 8 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: We agree with you.
|1 Did you ___________ about the work assignments. |argue |
|2 I’ll ____________ to you tomorrow. |depend |
|3 He can ___________on the machine at 10:00. |side |
|4 My coworkers ____________on me. |talk |
|5 They’ll ___________ against management. |work |
Exercise 9 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: How long have you been going ________ her?
for with up
1 I’ll call you ________ on the weekend.
out for up
2 My brother really fell ________ her.
for up like
3 Have they made _________ yet?
with over up
4 Do you feel _________ having ice cream?
like up out
5 My good friend asked my old roommate ________.
out with up
Exercise 10 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Did your car break down on the freeway?
|1 We don’t have a lot of money, but we’ll _________ by. | |
|2 It’s getting late. We should ____________ in. |check |
|3 I forgot my alarm clock. How will I ___________up? |get |
|4 ___________ up your suitcase. |pack |
|5 I’ll ___________ back late, so don’t wait for me. |wake |
Exercise 11 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: What time did you wake __________?
down up on
1 The plane is taking _________ right now.
off up on
2 We need to gas __________ the car.
out in up
3 What time did you check __________?
out up on
4 Did the tour tire you __________?
into out on
5 How long does it take to fuel the bus __________?
into on up
Exercise 12 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Children grow up fast.
|1 When do you think you’ll ____________ from your son? | |
|2 You __________ after your uncle. |get |
|3 I’ll ___________ after the children today. |hear |
|4 Do your sons ___________ along? |look |
|5 What profession did your daughter ___________up? |take |
Exercise 13 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: My grandparents brought me ________.
from with up
1 Her little boy grew ________ a man.
into for up
2 She handed ________ her stamp collection to her niece.
away up down
3 His great aunt passed ________ last month.
from away up
4 I grew ________ in South Dakota.
like up out
5 We haven’t heard ________ our aunt for a long time.
from down up
Exercise 14 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Did they call off the soccer match?
|1 It’s hot now, but it should ___________ off tonight. |cool |
|2 The rain __________ up, and the sun came out. |let |
|3 It’s very sunny out, so you should _________ on a sun hat. |put |
|4 Good weather ___________ in. I hope it stays. |set |
|5 It’s cold out. Go inside and ____________up. |warm |
Exercise 15 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: The sky should clear _______ today.
in up on
1 I dried _______ by sitting in the sun.
in off on
2 The sky clouded _______ this afternoon.
on off up
3 I took _______ my gloves, so I could write a note.
off on up
4 They called school _______ because of the snow.
in on off
5 Let’s cool _______ with a cold glass of lemonade.
off on in
Exercise 16 Complete the complaints below using the form “When is it going to ... ?” Choose a verb from the list. Supply the correct particles.
Example: My flowers need rain.
When is it going to cloud up?
|1 It’s too muddy to go for a walk. ______________________________________________ |clear |
|2 It’s been raining hard for hours. ______________________________________________ |cloud |
|3 It has been a cold spring. ______________________________________________ |cool |
|4 I’ll die in this heat. ______________________________________________ |dry |
|5 It has been cloudy since Monday. ____________________________________________ |let |
| |warm |
Exercise 17 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: He’ll cook up something from his country.
|1 Are you leaving? I’ll ____________ you off. |get |
|2 ____________ out your favorite flavor of ice cream for dessert. |go |
|3 You should ___________ up his address in the company directory. |look |
|4 I didn’t __________ to my homework, because I went to the party. |pick |
|5 How did the dinner ____________ over? |see |
Exercise 18 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: Should I mix _______ some drinks?
away out up
1 Clear that _______. I need some room.
on away in
2 The children ate _______ all the rolls.
over up out
3 Let’s have guests ________.
to over off
4 Dinner’s ready, so we should dish it ________.
off up away
5 Have you picked ________ something to wear?
off out up
Exercise 19 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Someone should open up a bakery in this town.
|1 He’s dependable, so your agreement shouldn’t ________ through. |buy |
|2 I _________ off my bills. |fall |
|3 The business wasn’t making money, so they _________ it down. |pay |
|4 Let’s _________ up all the stock before the price goes up. |sell |
|5 They must _________ off the entire inventory. |shut |
Exercise 20 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: Did you add ________ our profits for the year?
in through up
1 I didn’t figure _________ a raise for next year’s budget.
in off down
2 They will lay _________ fifteen employees next week.
off up down
3 My older brother bailed me _________.
through out up
4 I opened _________ the office early yesterday.
down up in
5 Our offer fell _________.
off through down
Exercise 21 Choose a compound noun from the list; then change it to a verb phrase to complete the sentences below
|bailout layoff |
|payoff selloff |
|shutdown |
Example: The company needed to lay off a thousand workers.
1 Do you think the government should ___________ corporations that run out of money?
2 GWM Industries wanted to ___________ seventy employees.
3 We are going to ____________ those loans by the end of the year.
4 The government ordered the plant to ____________ because it was not safe.
5 They will ___________ the inventory and use the profit to buy new machinery.
Exercise 22 Fill in the blanks below with the correct verbs
Example: Did you brush up on your algebra?
|1 Who should __________ in for the teacher when she is absent? |come |
|2 I ___________ forward to my new job. |fill |
|3 You can’t ___________ out of that commitment. |get |
|4 She must ___________ up with current thought. |keep |
|5 Did you ___________ up with a plan? |look |
Exercise 23 Circle the particle that correctly completes the sentence
Example: Her work didn’t come _______ to our standard of excellence.
up along to
1 I should study _______ on verb conjugation before I take the language test.
in up with
2 They get _______ with everyone.
about along for
3 The medical student brushed _______ on anatomy before taking his exam.
in for up
4 He gets _______ of doing his work by lying.
out for along
5 Can you fill _______ for me tomorrow?
in to over
X One aspect of vocabulary is your knowledge of PREFIXES
1 How many wheels does a tricycle have?
|a) one |b) two |c) three |d) four |
2 This is unimportant.
|a) It is very important |b) It is not important |
|c) It is extremely important |d) It is really important |
3 The mayor of my hometown is __________ because of some bad decisions he made last year.
|a) impopular |b) nonpopular |c) inpopular |d) unpopular |
4 I want you to write your paragraph again. I want you to ______ it.
|a) unwrite |b) biwrite |c) rewrite |d) antiwrite |
5 Draw half of a circle on your paper. Draw a __________.
|a) circle |b) hemicircle |c) semicircle |d) demicircle |
6 I’m allergic to cigarette smoke, so I have to sit in the __________ section of the restaurant.
|a) nonsmoking |b) unsmoking |c) antismoking |d) imsmoking |
7 This is not a little store. It is a huge ___________.
|a) supermarket |b) intermarket |c) contramarket |d) minimarket |
8 A navy vessel designed to function under the water is a ________.
|a) boat |b) submarine |c) aircraft carrier |d) ferry |
9 A piece of equipment designed to help you see things that are far away is a ___________.
|a) microscope |b) stethoscope |c) telescope |d) horoscope |
10 A fast boat that can move quickly across the surface of water is a __________.
|a) monoboat |b) hydroplane |c) submarine |d) maximum |
11 I cannot memorize all of the ___________ verbs.
|a) unregular |b) imregular |c) irregular |d) ilregular |
12 His answers were ____________.
|a) incorrect |b) uncorrect |c) noncorrect |d) imcorrect |
13 He speaks many languages. He is ___________.
|a) monolingual |b) bilingual |c) nonlingual |d) multilingual |
14 He is a ___________ person.
|a) dishonest |b) unhonest |c) nonhonest |d) mishonest |
15 An octagon has ___________ sides.
|a) six |b) seven |c) eight |d) nine |
16 That scale model is very small. It is a ____________.
|a) miniature |b) microture |c) mesature |d) sinecure |
17 He wrote his own biography. It is ___________.
|a) an autobiography |b) a self-biography |
|c) a unibiography |d) an owner-biography |
18 All of these questions are closely related to each other. They are __________.
|a) extrarelated |b) more related |c) interrelated |d) quasirelated |
XI We learn hundreds of PHRASAL VERBS
You have to learn as many of them as you can
1 We will have to cancel the picnic.
|a) call up |b) call in |c) call in |d) call off |
2 We will not put off the soccer game.
|a) cancel |b) postpone |c) publicize |d) attend |
3 Can you lift that chair by yourself?
|a) pick up |b) pick out |c) pick on |d) pick off |
4 The meeting will wind up at 09.30.
|a) start |b) begin |c) commence |d) end |
5 He has trouble explaining his ideas to his students.
|a) getting out |b) getting across |c) getting up |d) getting in |
6 Can you make up a good question about German history?
|a) create |b) answer |c) remember |d) read |
7 I’m saving a little money each month to buy a new color TV.
|a) putting out |b) putting off |c) putting up |d) putting aside |
8 He was raised by his grandmother in Florida.
|a) done over |b) taken out |c) brought up |d) come to |
9 He vomited after drinking too much warm Pepsi.
|a) threw out |b) threw up |c) threw away |d)threw in |
10 Be careful!
|a) Watch over! |b) Watch out! |c) Watch in! |d) Watch through! |
11 We had to summon an expert to solve our problem.
|a) call in |b) call out |c) call down |d) call back |
12 The bomb exploded in the rear of the bus.
|a) blew out |b) blew up |c) blew off |d) blew away |
13 Despite the heavy rain, the plane took off after only a short delay.
|a) landed |b) crashed |c) arrived |d) departed |
14 I want you to hand in your papers now.
|a) submit |b) correct |c) give out |d) redo |
15 Can you create a good sentence in the passive voice?
|a) make out |b) make over |c) make up |d) make through |
16 It’s time to submit your papers to the teacher.
|a) hand in |b) hand out |c) hand over |d) hand around |
17 The alarm bell sounded during the middle of the ECL.
|a) came to |b) went off |c) did over |d) took apart |
18 The total bill __________ $323.43.
|a) came to |b) took over |c) picked through |d) went out |
19 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: wear (clothing)
|a) try on |b) fill out |c) hand in |d) have on |e) turn on |
20 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: choose, select
|a) pick out |b) hand out |c) look for |d) put on |e) pick up |
21 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: be quiet
|a) get off |b) shut off |c) shut up |d) turn off |e) call on |
22. Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: telephone
|a) hang up |b) put away |c) clean up |d) call up |e) grow up |
23 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: awake, rise
|a) go over |b) find out |c) tear up |d) throw out |e) get up |
24 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: review, check for mistakes
|a) take back |b) give up |c) leave out |
|d) look over |e) run out of | |
25 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: vomit, become sick
|a) drop by |b) put back |c) figure out |d) turn in |e) throw up |
26 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: stop doing something
|a) take off |b) throw away |c) use up |d) cut out |e) call back |
27 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: return
|a) bring up |b) do over |c) give back |d) turn in |e) run into |
28 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: meet (by accident or chance)
|a) run into |b) look up |c) take back |d) blow up |e) do over |
29 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: mention, start to talk about
|a) bring up |b) get back |c) look over |d) call off |e) pass out |
30 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: cancel, decide not to do something
|a) throw up |b) pass out |c) call off |
|d) get over |e) give back | |
31 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: pay an informal visit
|a) drop in on |b) call in |c) keep up |
|d) take out |e) keep up with | |
32 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: to result, to become
|a) turn out |b) drop in on |c) put out |d) turn up |e) keep out |
33 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: create, invent
|a) look after |b) try out |c) make up |
|d) look out for |e) take up | |
34 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: disappoint
|a) blow out |b) keep-out |c) kick out |
|d) let down |e) turn down | |
35 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: make (someone) happy
|a) call in |b) think over |c) put off |
|d) come across |e) cheer up | |
36 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: escape
|a) kick out |b) cheer up |c) look like |
|d) get out of |e) take up | |
37 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: resemble, seem
|a) check out |b) get out of |c) keep up with |
|d) look like |e) take out | |
38 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: refuse, reject
|a) put out |b) turn up |c) turn down |
|d) check out |e) look out for | |
39 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: delay, postpone
|a) blow out |b) keep out |c) let down |d) put off |e) turn out |
40 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: consider, decide
|a) come across |b) make up |c) look after |
|d) try out |e) think over | |
41 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: to find by chance or accident
|a) run across |b) come to |c) get in |
|d) name after |e) talk back to | |
42 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: invite
|a) ask out |b) get along with |c) take over |
|d) bring about |e) take after | |
43 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: examine, investigate
|a) talk over |b) put up with |c) check into |
|d) wait on |e) show up | |
44 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: die
|a) drop off |b) get through |c) drop out |
|d) pass away |e) get on | |
45 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: discuss
|a) look into |b) point out |c) catch up with |
|d) get in |e) talk over | |
46 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: resemble, be like someone else
|a) catch up with |b) get along with |c) name after |d) take after |e) come to |
47. Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: quit
|a) talk back to |b) tear down |c) drop out |
|d) get through |e) ask out | |
48 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: cause, make happen
|a) bring about |b) take over |c) look into |
|d) get by |e) put up with | |
49 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: appear, arrive
|a) show up |b) check into |c) wait on |
|d) point out |e) run across | |
50 Choose the phrasal verb most similar in meaning to: destroy
|a) ask out |b) drop off |c) tear down |
|d) pass away |e) get on | |
XII We have thousands of common IDIOMS. You must learn as many as possible, so you can figure out what they mean in context
1 Computer #5 is on the blink.
|a) It’s on the desk. |b) It’s on sale. |c) It’s not working. | |
|d) It has been cleaned. | | | |
2 A million bucks is just chickenfeed to him.
|a) That’s a lot of money to him. |b) That is more money than he will ever see or |
| |earn. |
|c) That is too much money to pay for anything. |d) That amount of money is insignificant to him. |
3 He’s still a little wet behind the ears.
|a) He is still sleepy. |b) He just got married. |
|c) He is starving. |d) He doesn’t have much experience. |
4 I’m broke.
|a) I don’t have any money. |b) My body really hurts. |
|c) I am very happy. |d) I am very tired. |
5 Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.
a Don’t try to order chicken in the restaurant.
b Don’t assume you will have something until you actually have it.
c Don’t tell people you did something if you didn’t do it.
d Don’t tell lies to your friends and relatives.
6 Don’t cry over spilled milk.
a Don’t worry about things from the past.
b Don’t argue with the teacher about grammar.
c Don’t punish your children when they do bad things.
d Don’t purchase milk from the store if it is bad.
7 That’s all just water under the bridge.
|a) Forget about it. |b) You need to revive an old argument. |
|c) Don’t go swimming. |d) You must finish all previous jobs. |
8 The next ECL will be a piece of cake.
|a) It will be very difficult. |b) It will be very easy. |
|c) Dessert is more important than meat. |d) The ECL is not important to us. |
9 He’s gotten too big for his britches.
|a) He needs some new clothes. |b) He should take them to the tailor. |
|c) Someone should cut him down to size. |d) We should congratulate him. |
10 Mr. Williams has a short fuse today.
|a) He doesn’t have much money. |b) He feels very sick. |
|c) He’s extremely happy. |d) He has a quick temper. |
VERBAL IDIOMS
A verbal idiom is a group of words, containing a verb that has a meaning different from the meaning of any individual word within it. The following list of two- and three-word verbal idioms should be teamed.
BREAK OFF - end. As a result of the recent, unprovoked attack, the two countries broke off their diplomatic relations.
BRING UP - raise, initiate. The county commissioner brought up the heated issue of restricting on-street parking.
CALL ON (a) - ask. The teacher called on James to write the equation on the blackboard, (b) - visit. The new minister called on each of the families of his church in order to become better acquainted with them.
CARE FOR (a) - like. Because Marita doesn’t care for dark colors, she buys only brightly colored clothes, (b) - look after. My neighbors asked me to care for their children after school.
CHECK OUT (a) - borrow books, etc., from a library. I went to the library and checked out thirty books last night for my research paper, (b) - investigate. This photocopy machine is not working properly. Could you check out the problem?
CHECK OUT OF - leave. We were told that we had to check out of the hotel before one o’clock, or else we would have to pay for another day.
CHECK (UP) ON - investigate. The insurance company decided to check up on his driving record before insuring him.
CLOSE IN ON - draw nearer, approach. In his hallucinatory state, the addict felt that the walls were closing in on him.
COME ALONG WITH - accompany. June came along with her supervisor to the budget meeting.
COME DOWN WITH - become ill with. During the summer, many people come down with intestinal disorders.
COUNT ON - depend on, rely on. Maria was counting on the grant money to pay her way through graduate school.
DO AWAY WITH - eliminate, get rid of. Because of the increasing number of problems created after the football games, the director has decided to do away with all sports activities.
DRAW UP - write, draft (such as plans or contracts). A new advertising contract was drawn up after the terms had been decided.
DROP OUT OF - quit, withdraw from. This organization has done a great deal to prevent young people from dropping out of school.
FIGURE OUT - solve, decipher, interpret, understand. After failing to figure out his income tax return, Hal decided to see an accountant.
FIND OUT - discover. Erin just found out that her ancestors had come from Scotland, not Ireland.
GET BY - manage to survive. Despite the high cost of living, we will get by on my salary.
GET THROUGH (a) - finish. Jerry called for an earlier appointment because he got through with his project sooner than he had expected, (b) - manage to communicate. It is difficult to get through to someone who doesn't understand your language.
GET UP (a) - arise. Pete usually gets up early in the morning, but this morning he overslept, (b) - organize. Paul is trying to get up a group of square dancers to go to Switzerland.
GIVE UP - stop, cease. Helen gave up working for the company because she felt that the employees were not treated fairly.
GO ALONG WITH - agree. Mr Robbins always goes along with anything his employer wants to do.
HOLD ON TO - grasp, maintain. Despite moving to the Western world, Mariko held on to her Oriental ways.
HOLD UP (a) - rob at gunpoint. The convenience store was held up last night, (b) - endure or withstand pressure or use. Mrs. Jones held up very well after her husband’s death, (c) - stop. Last night’s accident held up rush hour traffic for two hours.
KEEP ON - continue. I keep on urging Rita to practice the violin, but she doesn’t heed my advice.
LOOK AFTER - care for. After my aunt had died, her lawyer looked after my uncle’s financial affairs.
LOOK INTO - investigate. Lynnette is looking into the possibility of opening a drugstore in Dallas as well as in Fort Worth.
PASS OUT/HAND OUT - distribute. The political candidate passed out campaign literature to her coworkers.
PASS OUT - faint. The intense heat in the garden caused Maria to pass out.
PICK OUT - select, choose. The judges were asked to pick out the essays that showed the most originality.
POINT OUT - indicate. Being a professional writer, Janos helped us by pointing out problems in style.
PUT OFF - postpone. Because Brian was a poor correspondent, he put off answering his letters.
RUN ACROSS - discover. While rummaging through some old boxes in the attic, I ran across my grandmother’s wedding dress.
RUN INTO - meet by accident. When Jack was in New York, he ran into an old friend at the theater.
SEE ABOUT - consider, attend to. My neighbor is going to see about getting tickets for next Saturday’s football game.
TAKE OFF - leave the ground to fly. Our flight to Toronto took off on schedule.
TAKE OVER FOR - substitute for. Marie had a class this afternoon, so Janet took over for her.
TALK OVER - discuss. The committee is talking over the plans for the homecoming dance and banquet.
TRY OUT (a) - test. General Mills asked us to try out their new product, (b) - audition for a play. Marguerite plans to try out for the lead in the new musical.
TURN IN (a) - submit. The students turned in their term papers on Monday, (b) - go to bed. After a long hard day, we decided to turn in early.
WATCH OUT FOR - be cautious or alert. While driving through that development, we had to watch out for the little children playing in the street.
Exercise 1 Verbal Idioms. Change the underlined words to incorporate two- and three-word verbs. Make all necessary tense changes
Example: The senator raised the question of the treaty negotiations.
The senator brought up the question of the treaty negotiations.
1 Louis doesn’t like peas unless they're mixed in with something else.
2 Because of the shortage of funds, we will have to eliminate all extracurricular activities.
3 Many teenagers quit school before graduation and regret it later.
4 Mike and Mary Ellen will be very happy when they finish writing their book.
5 Marsha was so upset by her fiance’s disloyalty that she ended their engagement.
6 The local convenience store was robbed last night and $225 was taken.
7 Thomas Jefferson was one of the men responsible for writing the Declaration of Independence.
8 I am trying to interpret this writing, but it is not easy.
9 Continue driving at 55 miles per hour if you want to save gasoline and prevent accidents.
10 Mrs. Davis asked me to serve as chairman of the entertainment committee.
11 Pete promised to stop smoking immediately.
12 The police are approaching the robbers’ hideout.
13 Maria Elena will take care of the neighbors’ children while they attend the school meeting.
14 Joey became ill with the measles just before his scout troop went to camp.
15 Mrs. Lastinger will substitute for the history teacher who is out of town. 16. The mountain climbers grasped the rope tightly to avoid falling.
17 We plan to investigate the possibility of spending a week at the seashore.
18 My mother distributed candy to the children last Halloween.
19 The manager said we had to leave the motel no later than noon.
20 Mike just discovered that his passport had expired three months previously.
21 When buying apples, remember to select only the firm, red ones.
22 We were counting on a raise in pay, but we’ll have to manage without it.
23 Rita will accompany her sister to the Skating Palace on Saturday night.
24 The tour guide indicated the historical monuments of the city.
25 I knew I could rely on them to get the job done.
26 The dance had to be postponed because of the bad weather.
27 I accidentally met an old friend in the shopping center last week.
28 The manager said he would consider hiring another secretary to take care of the backlog of work.
29 Last night Mr. Robbins raised the issue of student parking on city streets.
30 Henry was so upset at the sight of his injured daughter that he fainted.
31 Before making a decision on the project, the board of directors decided to discuss the matter.
32 Procter and Gamble is testing a new product and has sent everyone a sample.
33 All budget proposals had to be submitted by last Friday.
34 What time did you awaken this morning?
35 Be careful of speeding cars when you cross the street.
MINI-TEST: PROBLEM VOCABULARY AND PREPOSITIONS
DIRECTIONS
Select the correct word to complete each sentence
1 Scientists are trying to (device/devise) an inexpensive substitute for gasoline.
2 On Halloween night, most children dress in (costumes/ customs) and go from house to house asking for treats.
3 Mr. Miller’s prejudice (of/toward) his neighbors caused him to be ostracized.
4 (Besides/Beside) geology, Herman is studying math, French, and literature.
5 Melanie said that she would arrive (later/latter) than the rest of us.
6 Despite his sore muscle, Paul planned on participating (with/ in) the Olympic skating.
7 A fear (at/of) closed-in areas is called claustrophobia.
8 After being apprehended, all hijackers are (persecuted/ prosecuted).
9 Mitzi didn’t (loose/lose) any time in applying for the teaching position in math.
10 The letters were (already/all ready) for mailing when we realized that we had written the wrong addresses on the envelopes.
11 This report is (quite/quiet) complete and needs no revision.
12 Professor Baker teaches the same number of hours per week as Professor Jones, but the (later/latter) always looks more tired.
13 Ms. Davis asked us to help pass (out/up) some free (samples/ examples).
14 Julie’s skirt will be (to/too) (lose/loose) for her sister to wear.
15 Even though Marion Brando had won an Oscar, he refused to (except/accept) it at the presentation ceremonies.
DIRECTIONS
In the following sentences, choose the form in parentheses that means the same as the underlined word or words
16 Louis was depending on the Pittsburgh Steelers to win the championship, (picking out/counting on).
17 Dr. Clements distributed the materials at the deans’ conference, (passed out/brought up).
18 Archeologists continue searching for buried Egyptian treasures, (keep on/do away with).
19 Four armed men robbed the bank last week and escaped with an undetermined amount of cash, (held up/pointed out).
20 We had to postpone the meeting because too many people had the flu, (drop out of/put off).
21 When Karen became ill, her colleagues had to manage without her, (get along/take off).
22 The department chairman asked his staff to help with the registration, (called on/counted on).
23 If we terminate our relations with that country, we’ll have to find another supplier of raw materials, (break off/draw up).
24 After arriving at the check-in counter, Dennis discovered that he was in the wrong airport, (found out/pointed out).
25 Kevin quit the engineering program because he found it too difficult, (checked out of/dropped out of).
26 The gasoline fumes caused Mike to faint, (pass out/break off).
27 The baseball game had to be postponed because of the inclement weather, (put off/put on).
28 All bids for the project had to be submitted by November 1, (turned in/drawn up).
29 Because she is so tall, Sandy doesn’t like high-heeled shoe, (care for/pick out).
30 My adviser indicated numerous errors in my proposal and told me to rewrite it, (figured out/pointed out).
Vocabulary Quiz-Historical Events Vocabulary
1 The murder of someone, usually an important politician, president or ruler for political reasons is called ___________.
2 The event, which causes a huge loss of life especially due to burning, is called a __________.
3 If lots of people fight against a government or refuse to follow the existing authority, it’s called a ___________.
4 If the above was successful and the government was caused to fall, it would have been __________.
5 If something or place is found for the first time it is called a ___________.
6 If something is thought-up or created for the first time it is an __________.
7 The event whereby the heir or heiress to the throne is crowned is called a ___________.
8 To lose in a battle is to suffer a ___________.
9 The merciless mass killing of defenseless people is an event known as a ___________.
10 What two-part word describes events such as typhoons, floods, droughts and earthquakes?
At an Airport
1 A trip on an airplane is called a ___________.
2 A flight within one country is called a ___________.
3 A flight between different countries is called an __________ flight.
4 The letters and numbers which identify an airplane making a specific flight are called a ___________.
5 Ordering a seat to be held for you on the day you want to travel is called making a ___________.
6 A printed piece of paper, which allows you to travel on an airplane, is a ___________.
7 The first thing to do at the airport is ___________, which means to register as a passenger for a flight.
8 A document which identifies you as a citizen of a certain country and which allows you to travel to other countries is called a ___________.
9 A stamp in your passport, which allows you to travel to another country, is called a ___________.
10 The selection of a specific seat for a trip on an airplane is called ___________.
11 A seat next to the window in an airplane is called a ____________.
12 A seat next to the passage between the rows of seats in an airplane is called an ____________.
13 The suitcases and bags, which contain your belongings, are called __________.
14 A bag, which you carry with you on the airplane, is called a ___________ bag.
15 A small ticket with printed numbers that identify your baggage is called a baggage ___________.
16 A printed card, which allows you to get on an airplane, is called a __________.
17 A door, which leads from the airport building into an airplane, is called a ___________.
18 The area where you pick up your baggage after a flight is called ___________.
Disaster Vocabulary
1 A violent and heavy snowstorm is called a ___________.
2 When crops fail and livestock die through lack of water because of no rain there is a ___________.
3 The above situation could cause massive starvation through lack of food. This situation is called a ___________.
4 When the land violently moves or shakes especially around fault lines it’s called an ___________.
5 When the above situation causes a huge body of seawater to move in towards the shore it is known as a ____________.
6 When there is a violent outbreak of lawlessness by people it’s called a ___________.
7 A loud noise and sometimes huge force created by something like a bomb is known as an ___________.
8 A violent wind that twist round and round and causes massive destruction is called a ___________.
9 A disease that spreads rapidly amongst a lot of people in the same area is called an ___________.
10 Something that makes the air, rivers, or seas dirty is known as ___________.
Money in the United States
1 A piece of round, metal money is called a ____________.
2 A piece of paper money is called a ____________.
3 The one-cent coin is called a _____________.
4 The symbol for “cent” is ____________.
5 There are 100 ___________ in one dollar.
6 The symbol for “dollar” is ___________.
7 “Buck” is a slang word, which means ___________.
8 “Grand” is a slang word, which means ___________.
9 The five-cent coin is called a ___________.
10 The ten-cent coin is called a ___________.
11 The twenty-five cent coin is called a ___________.
12 The fifty-cent coin is called __________ or a __________.
13 The one-dollar coin is called ___________.
14 Whose picture is on the $1 bill?
15 Whose picture is on the $5 bill?
16 Whose picture is on the $10 bill?
17 Whose picture is on the $20 bill?
18 Whose picture is on the $50 bill?
19 Whose picture is on the $100 bill?
ANSWERS
|I Categories |III Adjectives and Adverbs |3 crying |
|These are suggested answers. In |1 a. quick |4 interesting |
|some cases, other answers are |2 a. hard |5 burning |
|possible. |3 b. beautiful |6 excited |
|1 Wednesday |4 b. slowly |7 smiling |
|2 lettuce |5 d. bored |8 frightening |
|3 radio |6 b. faster |9 frightened |
|4 woman |7 a. honest |10 advancing |
|5 category |8 b. laughing |11 approving |
|6 classification |9 b. exciting |12 approved |
|7 Aristotle |10 a. the most intelligent |13 blowing |
|8 classify |11 b. carefully |14 boring |
|9 subject |12 a. capable |15 cleaning |
|10 preposition |13 b. exact |16 cleaned |
| |14 a. angelically |17 locked |
|II Adverbs |15 c. wonderful |18 crowded |
|1 verbs |16 d. carefully |19 aching |
|2 adjective |17 b. politely |20 parked |
|3 very funny |18 a. exact |Ex. 2 |
|4 study hard |19 a. correctly |1 enchanted |
|5 went quickly | |2 captivated |
|6 early bird |IV Participles as Adjectives |3 amazed |
|7 my supply |Ex. 1 |4 amused |
|8 adverb |1 broken |5 beguiled |
|9 –ly |2 trembling |6 bewitched |
|10 3 |Ex. 7 |7 charmed |
| |1 devoted | |
|Ex. 3 |2 fond |2. famous |
|1 satisfied |3 engaged |3. far |
|2 uneasy |4 infatuated |4. excited |
|3 disappointed |5 married |5. unsuitable |
|4 comfortable | | |
|5 discontented |Ex. 8 |Ex. 12 |
| |1 bored |1. confused |
|Ex. 4 |2 engaged |2. suspicious |
|1 prepared |3 unaccustomed |3. nervous |
|2 absent |4 proud |4. upset |
|3 competent |5 responsible |5. afraid |
|4 dedicated | | |
|5 impressed |Ex. 9 |V. Parts of Speech |
| |1 talented |1 d. friendship |
|Ex. 5 |2 blessed |2 c. inaccurate |
|1 dependent |3 confident |3 a. un |
|2 relevant |4 expert |4 d. unemployment |
|3 connected |5 unrivaled |5 c. entertainment |
|4 independent | |6 d. illegal |
|5 tied |Ex. 10 |7 b. deployment |
| |1 grateful |8 c. insurance |
|Ex. 6 |2 sorry |9 a. dispatcher |
|1 envious |3 thoughtful |10 b. plan |
|2 angry |4 sensitive |11 b. youngsters |
|3 tired |5 thankful |12 a. repairs |
|4 disgusted |Ex. 11 |13 c. crime |
|5 mad |1 adjacent |14 a. civilian |
| |12 c. dumb |15 d. personal |
| |13 b. moneyless |16 a. saddest |
|17 d. preoccupied |14 d. all of the above |41. haste |
|18 a. orient |15 b. malfunctioning |42. fashion |
|19 c. disagree |16 d. hands |43 envy |
| |17 b. exhausted |44 feast |
|VI. Problem Verbs |18 chief |45 peculiar |
|Ex. 1 |19 desire |46 praise |
|1 lies |20 pupil |47 omit |
|2 sit |21 disturb |48 seldom |
|3 laid |22 instant |49 particular |
|4 rose |23 appoint |50 annoy |
|5 raise |24 refuse |51 clever |
|6 lie |25 extend |52 inquire |
|7 laying |26 request |53 bucket |
|8. raised |27 journey |54 firm |
|9. rises |28 lack |55 caution |
|10. set |29 prevent |56 conscious |
| |30 salary |57 remark |
|VII. Vocabulary |31 hesitate |58 permit |
|1. a. sad |32 companion |59 imitation |
|2. d. pick out |33 struggle |60 proper |
|3. c. peak |34 consider |61 merchant |
|4. b. water |35. frighten |62 express |
|5 d. neighborhood |36. thief |63 precious |
|6 a. difficult |37. generous |64 preserve |
|7 c. thoroughly |38. govern |65 confidential |
|8 b. hazardous |39. gradual |66 scent |
|9 d. killed |40. pause |67 immense |
|10 d. pull through |Ex. 3 |68 rubbish |
|11 a. gigantic |1 pronunciation |69 anxiety |
|70 ornament |2 practice |Ex. 7 |
|71 extraordinary |3 errors |1 paper |
|72 rival |4 fluency |2 exam |
|73 liberty |5 translation |3 study |
|74 quarrel | |4 instruction |
|75 boundary |Ex. 4 |5 analysis |
|76 essential |1 application | |
|77 rapid |2 contract |Ex. 8 |
|78 yield |3 layoff |1 tax |
|79 parcel |4 connection |2 price |
|80 tremble |5 consideration |3 order |
|81 rank | |4 production |
|82 inquiry |Ex. 5 |5 bill |
| |1 danger | |
|Ex. 1 |2 freedom |Ex. 9 |
|1 dependence |3 awareness |1 growth |
|2 quarrel |4 destruction |2 improvement |
|3 patience |5 defense |3 diagnosis |
|4 influence | |4 injection |
|5 help |Ex. 6 |5 prescription |
| |1 contract | |
|Ex. 2 |2 disagreement |Ex. 10 |
|1 concert |3 confidence |1 argument |
|2 cancellation |4 alliances |2 rationale |
|3 postponement |5 betrayal |3 expert |
|4 books | |4 deviation |
|5 show | |5 difference |
| |18 principle | |
| |19 quite | |
|Ex. 11 |20 cite |25 imaginative |
|1 rise | | |
|2 damage |Ex. 2 (Confusingly Related Words) |IX Prepositional Phrase |
|3 cause |1 affected |Ex. 1 |
|4 fall |2 device |1 check |
|5 advantage |3 advice |2 sale |
| |4 liquidate |3 stock |
|VIII Problem Vocabulary and |5 formerly |4 cash |
|Prepositions |6 special |5 rent |
| |7 among |6 sale |
|Ex. 1 (Commonly Misused Words) |8 all ready |7 free |
|1 angel |9 elicit |8 credit card |
|2 your |10 sensitive |9 line |
|3 sight |11 immigrants |10 nothing |
|4 who’s |12 number | |
|5 custom |13 beside |Ex. 2 |
|6 whether |14 sensible |1 contrast |
|7 descent |15 samples |2 common |
|8 to, too |16 hard |3 ways |
|9 dessert |17 prosecute |4 comparison |
|10 they’re |18 excess |5 contrary |
|11. latter |19 immortal |6 contrary |
|12. than |20 precede |7 hand, hand |
|13 loose |21 creditable |8 hand |
|14 stationery |22 useless |9 way |
|15 passed |23 detracted |10 odds |
|16 quit |24 except | |
|17 peace |Ex. 7 | |
|Ex. 3 |1 weather | |
|1 with |2 diet |3 wake |
|2 on |3 health |4 Pack |
|3 about |4 spirits |5 get |
|4 with |5 pain | |
|5 to |6 shape |Ex. 11 |
| |7 medicate |1 off |
|Ex. 4 |8 breath |2 up |
|1 shop |9 therapy |3 out |
|2 look |10 mend |4 out |
|3 glance | |5 up |
|4 ask |Ex. 8 | |
|5 search |1 argue |Ex. 12 |
| |2 talk |1 hear |
|Ex. 5 |3 work |2 take |
|1 at the price |4 depend |3 look |
|2 at the funny T-shirt |5 side |4 get |
|3 for help | |5 take |
|4 at them |Ex. 9 |Ex. 13 |
| |1 up |1 into |
|Ex. 6 |2 for |2 down |
|1 go |3 up |3 away |
|2 ask |4 like |4 up |
|3 feel |5 out |5 from |
|4 pick | |Ex. 14 |
|5 break |Ex. 10 |1 cool |
| |1 get |2 let |
| |2 check |3 put |
| |4 up |4 set |
|Ex. 15 |5 out |5 warm |
|1 off | |Ex. 23 |
|2 up |Ex. 19 |1 up |
|3 off |1 fall |2 along |
|4 off |2 pay |3 up |
|5 off |3 shut |4 out |
| |4 buy |5 in |
|Ex. 16 |5 sell | |
|1 When is it going to | |X Prefixes |
|dry off? |Ex. 20 |1 c. three |
|2 When is it going to |1 in |2 b. It is not important. |
|let up? |2 off |3 d. unpopular |
|3 When is it going to warm up? |3 out |4 c. rewrite |
|4 When is it going to |4 up |5 c. semicircle |
|cool off? |5 through |6 a. nonsmoking |
|5 When is it going to clear up? | |7 a. supermarket |
| |Ex. 21 |8 b. submarine |
|Ex. 17 |1 bail out |9 c. telescope |
|1 see |2 lay off |10 b. hydroplane |
|2 Pick |3 pay off |11 c. irregular |
|3 look |4 shutdown |12 a. incorrect |
|4 get |5 sell off |13 d. multilingual |
|5 go |Ex. 22 |14 a. dishonest |
| |1 fill |15 c. eight |
|Ex. 18 |2 look |16 a. miniature |
|1 away |3 get |17 a. an autobiography |
|2 up |4 keep |18 c. interrelated |
|3 over |5 come | |
|XI Phrasal Verbs |29 bring up | |
|1 d. call off |30 call off |Ex. 1 |
|2 b. postpone |31 drop in on |1 care for |
|3 a. pick up |32 turn out |2 do away with |
|4 d. end |33 make up |3 drop out of |
|5 b. getting across |34 let down |4 get through |
|6 a. create |35 cheer up |5 broke off |
|7 d. putting aside |36 get out of |6 held up |
|8 c. brought up |37 look like |7 drawing up |
|9 b. threw up |38 turn down |8 figure out |
|10 b. watch out |39 put off |9 keep on |
|11 a. call in |40 make up |10 called on |
|12 b. blew up |41 run across |11 give up |
|13 d. departed |42 ask out |12 closing in on |
|14 a. submit |43 talk over |13 look after |
|15 c. make up |44 pass away |14 came down with |
|16 a. hand in |45 talk over |15 fill in |
|17 b. went off |46 take after |16 held on to |
|18 a. came to |47 drop out |17 look into |
|19 have on |48 bring about |18 passed out (handed out) |
|20 pick out |49 show up |19 check out of |
|21 shut up |50 tear down |20 found out |
|22 call up | |21 pick out |
|23 get up |XII Idioms |22 get by (get along) |
|24 look over |1 c. |23 come along with |
|25 throw up |2 d. |24 pointed out |
|26 cut out |3 d. |25 count on |
|27 give back |4 a. |26 put off |
|28 run into |5 b. |27 ran into |
|28 see about |6 a. |3 international |
|29 brought up |7 a. |4 flight number |
|30 passed out |8 b. |5 reservation |
|31 talk over |9 d. |6 ticket |
|32 trying out |10 d. |7 check-in |
|33 turned in | |8 passport |
|34 get up (wake up) |19 held up |9 visa |
|35 watch out for |20 put off |10 seat assignment |
| |21 get along |11 window seat |
|Mini Test: Problem Vocabulary and |22 called on |12 aisle seat |
|Pre-positions |23 break off |13 baggage |
|1 devise |24 found out |14 carry on |
|2 costumes |25 dropped out of |15 claim check |
|3 toward |26 pass out |16 boarding pass |
|4 besides |27. put off |17 gate |
|5 later |28 turned in |18 baggage claim |
|5 in |29 care for | |
|7 of |30 pointed out |Disaster |
|8 prosecuted | |1 blizzard |
|9 lose |Vocabulary Quizzes |2 drought |
|10 all ready |Historical Events |3 famine |
|11 quite |1 assassination |4 earthquake |
|12 latter |2 holocaust |5 tidal wave of tsunami |
|13 out, samples |3 rebellion |6 riot |
|14 too, loose |4 overthrown |7 explosion |
|15 acc |5 discovery |8 tornado |
|16 counting on |6 invention |9 epidemic |
|17 passed out |7 coronation |10 pollution |
|18 keep on |8 defeat | |
|Money in the United States |9 massacre | |
|1 coin |10 natural disasters | |
|2 bill | | |
|3 penny |At an Airport | |
|4 C |1 flight | |
|5 cents |2 domestic | |
|6 $ | | |
|7 dollar | | |
|8 $1000 | | |
|9 nickel | | |
|10 dime | | |
|11 quarter | | |
|12 half dollar, fifty cent piece | | |
|13 silver dollar | | |
|14 George Washington | | |
|15 Abraham Lincoln | | |
|16 Alexander Hamilton | | |
|17 Andrew Jackson | | |
|18 Ulysses S. Grant | | |
|19 Benjamin Franklin | | |
Міністерство освіти і науки України
Сумський державний університет
До друку і в світ
дозволяю на підставі
“Єдиних правил”,
п.2.6.14
Заступник першого проректора –
начальник організаційно-методичного
управління В.Б. Юскаєв
ЛЕКСИЧНІ ТЕСТИ
з англійської мови для студентів та аспірантів
усіх спеціальностей денної форми навчання
Усі цитати, цифровий та
фактичний матеріал,
бібліографічні відомості
перевірені, написання одиниць
відповідає стандартам
Укладач І.М. Башлак
Відповідальний за випуск Г.І. Литвиненко
Декан гуманітарного факультету Л.П. Валенкевич
Суми
Вид-во СумДУ
2008
Навчальне видання
ЛЕКСИЧНІ ТЕСТИ
з англійської мови для студентів та аспірантів
усіх спеціальностей денної форми навчання
Відповідальний за випуск зав. каф. іноземних мов Г.І. Литвиненко
Редактор Н.О. Кравченко
Комп’ютерне верстання О.І. Нефедченко
Підп. до друку _____. ______. 2008, поз.
Формат60х84/16. Папір офс. Гарнітура Times New Roman Cyr. Друк офс.
Ум. друк. арк. 2,09. Обл.- вид.арк. 1,09.
Тираж ________ пр. Собівартість вид. ____ грн. ______ к.
Зам. №
Видавництво СумДУ при Сумському державному університеті
40007, Суми, вул. Римського-Корсакова, 2
Свідоцтво про внесення суб’єкта видавничої справи до Державного реєстру ДК № 3062 від 17.12.2007 р.
Надруковано у друкарні СумДУ
40007, Суми, вул. Римського-Корсакова, 2.
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