UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE PREVALENCE ... - CORE

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UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR

FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

PREVALENCE OF GASTRO INTESTINAL NEMATODE PARASITIC INFECTIONS

OF HORSES AND DONKEYS IN AND AROUND KOMBOLCHA TOWN

DVM THESIS

BY

SAMUEL ENGDAW MOLLA

JUNE, 2015

GONDAR, ETHIOPIA

UNIVERSITY OF GONDAR

FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

PREVALENCE OF GASTRO INTESTINAL NEMATODE PARASITIC INFECTIONS

OF HORSES AND DONKEYS IN AND AROUND KOMBOLCHA TOWN

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar in partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

BY

SAMUEL ENGDAW MOLLA

JUNE, 2015

GONDAR, ETHIOPIA

PREVALENCE OF GASTRO INTESTINAL NEMATODE PARASITIC INFECTIONS

OF HORSES AND DONKEYS IN AND AROUND KOMBOLCHA TOWN

BY

SAMUEL ENGDAW MOLLA

Board of external examiners

1. Prof Abebaw Gashaw

Signature

___________

School of Vet Med, Jimma University

2. Prof Tadelle Tolla

____________

School of Vet Med, Jimma University

3. Dr Gelagay Ayelet (Assoc prof)

____________

National Veterinary institute /NVI/, Ethiopia

4. Dr Fufa Dawo (Assoc Prof)

____________

FVM, Addis Ababa University

5. Dr Ahimed Yassin (Assoc Prof)

____________

FVM, Wollo University

6. Dr Dessie Shiferaw (Assoc Prof)

____________

FVM, Hawassa University

Thesis advisors

1. Dr Ashenafi Assefa (DVM, MSC)

____________

TABLES OF CONTENTS

TABLES OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ I

LISTS OF TABLES AND FIGURES ................................................................................... IV

LISTS OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................ V

AKNOWLEDJMENTS .......................................................................................................... VI

ABSTRACTS ......................................................................................................................... VII

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1

2. LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................... 3

2.1. Strongylosis...................................................................................................................... 3

2.1.1. Etiology ...................................................................................................................... 3

2.1.2. Epidemiology ............................................................................................................. 3

2.1.3. Clinical signs .............................................................................................................. 4

2.1.4. Lifecycle ..................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.5. Pathogenesis ............................................................................................................... 4

2.1.6. Necropsy findings ...................................................................................................... 5

2.1.7. Diagnostic confirmation ............................................................................................. 5

2.1.8. Treatment ................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.9. Control........................................................................................................................ 5

2.2. Strongyloides ................................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1. Transmission .............................................................................................................. 6

2.2.2. The life cycle .............................................................................................................. 6

2.2.3. Clinical signs: ............................................................................................................. 6

2.2.5. Diagnosis .................................................................................................................... 7

2.2.6. Treatment ................................................................................................................... 7

2.2.7. Control........................................................................................................................ 7

I

2.3. Oxyridosis ........................................................................................................................ 7

2.3.1. Etiology ...................................................................................................................... 7

2.3.2. Clinical signs .............................................................................................................. 7

2.3.3. Life cycle .................................................................................................................... 7

2.3.4. Diagnosis .................................................................................................................... 8

2.3.4. Treatment ................................................................................................................... 8

2.3.5. Control........................................................................................................................ 8

2.4. Equine parascariosis ....................................................................................................... 8

2.4.1. Etiology ...................................................................................................................... 8

2.4.2. Epidemiology and Distribution .................................................................................. 8

2.4.3. Lifecycle ..................................................................................................................... 9

2.4.4. Pathogenesis ............................................................................................................... 9

2.4.5. Clinical findings ......................................................................................................... 9

2.4.6. Necropsy findings ...................................................................................................... 9

2.4.7. Diagnostic confirmation ............................................................................................. 9

2.4.8. Treatment ................................................................................................................. 10

2.4.9. Control...................................................................................................................... 10

3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................................................................................ 11

3.1. Study area ...................................................................................................................... 11

3.2. Study population ........................................................................................................... 11

3.3. Study Design .................................................................................................................. 11

3.4. Sample size determination ........................................................................................... 12

3.5. Study methodology ....................................................................................................... 12

3.6. Data collection ............................................................................................................... 13

3.7. Data management and Analysis .................................................................................. 13

4. RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 14

4.1. The overall prevalence of GIT nematodes of donkeys and horses ........................... 14

II

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