CHAPTER 1 ANATOMY BASICS
CHAPTER 1 ANATOMY BASICS
Here’s some terms and definitions you need to get started in Anatomy:
Organ Systems see pg 6-7 know the basic function of each system; and the main organs
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic ; Immune
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Regional Anatomical Terms see pg 14
also: parietal temporal
pectoral iliac
Body Areas – Internal
cardiac heart
pulmonary lung
cutaneous skin
gastric stomach
hepatic liver
renal kidney
abdominal abdomen
Terms of Direction:
superior toward the head
inferior toward the feet
cephalic toward the head
caudal toward the tail
anterior toward the front
posterior toward the back
ventral toward the front
dorsal toward the back
internal inside
external outside
superficial close to surface
deep away from surface
proximal closer to attachment
distal farther from attachment
medial toward the midline
lateral away from the midline
parietal near the wall
visceral near the organs
main body cavities see pg 17
dorsal cavity
cranial cavity contains the brain
vertebral cavity contains the spinal cord
ventral cavity
thoracic cavity
pleural cavity contains the lung
pericardial cavity contains the heart
abdominal cavity contains digestive organs
pelvic cavity contains urinary bladder and reproductive organs
views to study body parts
frontal (coronal) cut divides front and back
sagittal cut divides right and left
transverse cut divides upper and lower
Cross section across width of organ
Longitudinal across length of organ
abdominal regions see pg 18-19
4 abdominal quadrants
9 abdominal regions
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