Command line reference for Oracle, Windows, Linux and OS X



Command line reference for Oracle, Windows, Linux and OS X

An A-Z Index of the Windows NT/XP command line

ADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file

ARP Address Resolution Protocol

ASSOC Change file extension associations

ASSOCIAT One step file association

AT Schedule a command to run at a later time

ATTRIB Change file attributes

BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info

CACLS Change file permissions

CALL Call one batch program from another

CD Change Directory - move to a specific Folder

CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties

CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems

CHKNTFS Check the NTFS file system

CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file

CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders

CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin

CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks

CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard.

CLS Clear the screen

CLUSTER Windows Clustering

CMD Start a new CMD shell

COLOR Change colours of the CMD window

COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets of files

COMPACT Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition

COMPRESS Compress individual files on an NTFS partition

CON2PRT Connect or disconnect a Printer

CONVERT Convert a FAT drive to NTFS.

COPY Copy one or more files to another location

CSVDE Import or Export Active Directory data

DATE Display or set the date

Dcomcnfg DCOM Configuration Utility

DEFRAG Defragment hard drive

DEL Delete one or more files

DELPROF Delete NT user profiles

DELTREE Delete a folder and all subfolders

DevCon Device Manager Command Line Utility

DIR Display a list of files and folders

DIRUSE Display disk usage

DISKCOMP Compare the contents of two floppy disks

DISKCOPY Copy the contents of one floppy disk to another

DNSSTAT DNS Statistics

DOSKEY Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros

DSADD Add user (computer, group..) to active directory

DSQUERY List items in active directory

DSMOD Modify user (computer, group..) in active directory

ECHO Display message on screen

ENDLOCAL End localisation of environment changes in a batch file

ERASE Delete one or more files

EXIT Quit the CMD shell

EXPAND Uncompress files

EXTRACT Uncompress CAB files

FC Compare two files

FDISK Disk Format and partition

FIND Search for a text string in a file

FINDSTR Search for strings in files

FOR Conditionally perform a command several times

FORFILES Batch process multiple files

FORMAT Format a disk

FREEDISK Check free disk space (in bytes)

FSUTIL File and Volume utilities

FTP File Transfer Protocol

FTYPE Display or modify file types used in file extension associations

GLOBAL Display membership of global groups

GOTO Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line

HELP Online Help

HFNETCHK Network Security Hotfix Checker

IF Conditionally perform a command

IFMEMBER Is the current user in an NT Workgroup

IPCONFIG Configure IP

KILL Remove a program from memory

LABEL Edit a disk label

LOCAL Display membership of local groups

LOGEVENT Write text to the NT event viewer.

LOGOFF Log a user off

LOGTIME Log the date and time in a file

MAPISEND Send email from the command line

MEM Display memory usage

MD Create new folders

MODE Configure a system device

MORE Display output, one screen at a time

MOUNTVOL Manage a volume mount point

MOVE Move files from one folder to another

MOVEUSER Move a user from one domain to another

MSG Send a message

MSIEXEC Microsoft Windows Installer

MSINFO Windows NT diagnostics

MSTSC Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop Protocol)

MUNGE Find and Replace text within file(s)

MV Copy in-use files

NET Manage network resources

NETDOM Domain Manager

NETSH Configure network protocols

NETSVC Command-line Service Controller

NBTSTAT Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)

NETSTAT Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)

NOW Display the current Date and Time

NSLOOKUP Name server lookup

NTBACKUP Backup folders to tape

NTRIGHTS Edit user account rights

PATH Display or set a search path for executable files

PATHPING Trace route plus network latency and packet loss

PAUSE Suspend processing of a batch file and display a message

PERMS Show permissions for a user

PERFMON Performance Monitor

PING Test a network connection

POPD Restore the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD

PORTQRY Display the status of ports and services

PRINT Print a text file

PRNCNFG Display, configure or rename a printer

PRNMNGR Add, delete, list printers set the default printer

PROMPT Change the command prompt

PUSHD Save and then change the current directory

QGREP Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern.

RASDIAL Manage RAS connections

RASPHONE Manage RAS connections

RECOVER Recover a damaged file from a defective disk.

REG Read, Set or Delete registry keys and values

REGEDIT Import or export registry settings

REGSVR32 Register or unregister a DLL

REGINI Change Registry Permissions

REM Record comments (remarks) in a batch file

REN Rename a file or files.

REPLACE Replace or update one file with another

RD Delete folder(s)

RDISK Create a Recovery Disk

RMTSHARE Share a folder or a printer

ROBOCOPY Robust File and Folder Copy

ROUTE Manipulate network routing tables

RUNAS Execute a program under a different user account

RUNDLL32 Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections)

SC Service Control

SCHTASKS Create or Edit Scheduled Tasks

SCLIST Display NT Services

ScriptIt Control GUI applications

SET Display, set, or remove environment variables

SETLOCAL Begin localisation of environment changes in a batch file

SETX Set environment variables permanently

SHARE List or edit a file share or print share

SHIFT Shift the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file

SHORTCUT Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)

SHOWGRPS List the NT Workgroups a user has joined

SHOWMBRS List the Users who are members of a Workgroup

SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer

SLEEP Wait for x seconds

SOON Schedule a command to run in the near future

SORT Sort input

START Start a separate window to run a specified program or command

SU Switch User

SUBINACL Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain

SUBST Associate a path with a drive letter

TASKLIST List running applications and services

TIME Display or set the system time

TIMEOUT Delay processing of a batch file

TITLE Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session

TOUCH Change file timestamps

TRACERT Trace route to a remote host

TREE Graphical display of folder structure

TYPE Display the contents of a text file

USRSTAT List domain usernames and last login

VER Display version information

VERIFY Verify that files have been saved

VOL Display a disk label

WHERE Locate and display files in a directory tree

WHOAMI Output the current UserName and domain

WINDIFF Compare the contents of two files or sets of files

WINMSD Windows system diagnostics

WINMSDP Windows system diagnostics II

WMIC WMI Commands

XCACLS Change file permissions

XCOPY Copy files and folders

An A-Z Index of Oracle SQL Commands (version 9.2)

ANALYZE

AUDIT

CALL

Cluster - CREATE CLUSTER

Cluster - ALTER CLUSTER

Cluster - DROP CLUSTER

COMMENT

COMMIT

CONNECT

CONSTRAINT - Add / Enable

Context - CREATE CONTEXT

Context - DROP CONTEXT

Controlfile - CREATE CONTROLFILE

Database - CREATE DATABASE

Database - ALTER DATABASE

DELETE

DESCRIBE

Dimension - CREATE DIMENSION

Dimension - ALTER DIMENSION

Dimension - DROP DIMENSION

Directory - CREATE DIRECTORY

Directory - DROP DIRECTORY

EXEC

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE

EXPLAIN PLAN

Function - CREATE FUNCTION

Function - ALTER FUNCTION

Function - DROP FUNCTION

GRANT

Index - CREATE INDEX

Index - ALTER INDEX

Index - DROP INDEX

Indextype - CREATE INDEXTYPE

Indextype - DROP INDEXTYPE

INSERT

INTERSECT

Java - CREATE JAVA

Java - ALTER JAVA

Java - DROP JAVA

Library - CREATE LIBRARY

Library - DROP LIBRARY

Link - CREATE DATABASE LINK

Link - DROP DATABASE LINK

LOCK TABLE

Mview - CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW

Mview - ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW

Mview - DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW

Mview - CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

Mview - ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

Mview - DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

MINUS

NOAUDIT

Operator - CREATE OPERATOR

Operator - DROP OPERATOR

Outline - CREATE OUTLINE

Outline - ALTER OUTLINE

Outline - DROP OUTLINE

Package - CREATE PACKAGE/BODY

Package - ALTER PACKAGE

Package - DROP PACKAGE

Pfile - CREATE PFILE

Procedure - CREATE PROCEDURE

Procedure - ALTER PROCEDURE

Procedure - DROP PROCEDURE

Profile - CREATE PROFILE

Profile - ALTER PROFILE

Profile - DROP PROFILE

RECOVER

RENAME

Resource - ALTER RESOURCE COST

REVOKE

RMAN - Recovery Manager

Role - CREATE ROLE

Role - SET ROLE

Role - ALTER ROLE

Role - DROP ROLE

ROLLBACK

Rollback - CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT

Rollback - ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT

Rollback - DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT

SAVEPOINT

Schema - CREATE SCHEMA

SELECT

Sequence - CREATE SEQUENCE

Sequence - ALTER SEQUENCE

Sequence - DROP SEQUENCE

Session - ALTER SESSION

SHUTDOWN

SNAPSHOT

SPfile - CREATE SPFILE

STARTUP

Statistics - ASSOCIATE STATISTICS

Statistics - DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS

Synonym - CREATE SYNONYM

Synonym - DROP SYNONYM

System - ALTER SYSTEM

Table - CREATE TABLE

Table - ALTER TABLE

Table - DROP TABLE

Tablespace - CREATE TABLESPACE

Tablespace - ALTER TABLESPACE

Tablespace - DROP TABLESPACE

Tablespace - CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE

Transaction - SET TRANSACTION

Trigger - CREATE TRIGGER

Trigger - ALTER TRIGGER

Trigger - DROP TRIGGER

TRUNCATE

Type - CREATE TYPE

Type - ALTER TYPE

Type - DROP TYPE

Type - CREATE TYPE BODY

Type - DROP TYPE BODY

UPDATE

UNION

User - CREATE USER

User - ALTER USER

User - DROP USER

View - CREATE VIEW

View - ALTER VIEW

View - DROP VIEW

SYNTAX:

Words in CAPS are Oracle commands, words in lower-case are the options you can modify.

Sections enclosed in [] are optional, underlined options are the default

Sections enclosed in {} are alternatives. The pipe symbol | indicates OR.

An A-Z Index of the Linux BASH command line

alias Create an alias

awk Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index

break Exit from a loop

builtin Run a shell builtin

cal Display a calendar

case Conditionally perform a command

cat Display the contents of a file

cd Change Directory

cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux

chgrp Change group ownership

chmod Change access permissions

chown Change file owner and group

chroot Run a command with a different root directory

cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts

clear Clear terminal screen

cmp Compare two files

comm Compare two sorted files line by line

command Run a command - ignoring shell functions

continue Resume the next iteration of a loop

cp Copy one or more files to another location

cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands

crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time

csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces

cut Divide a file into several parts

date Display or change the date & time

dc Desk Calculator

dd Data Dump - Convert and copy a file

declare Declare variables and give them attributes

df Display free disk space

diff Display the differences between two files

diff3 Show differences among three files

dir Briefly list directory contents

dircolors Colour setup for `ls'

dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path

dirs Display list of remembered directories

du Estimate file space usage

echo Display message on screen

ed A line-oriented text editor (edlin)

egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression

eject Eject CD-ROM

enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands

env Display, set, or remove environment variables

eval Evaluate several commands/arguments

exec Execute a command

exit Exit the shell

expand Convert tabs to spaces

export Set an environment variable

expr Evaluate expressions

factor Print prime factors

false Do nothing, unsuccessfully

fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk

fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux

fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string

find Search for files that meet a desired criteria

fmt Reformat paragraph text

fold Wrap text to fit a specified width.

for Expand words, and execute commands

format Format disks or tapes

free Display memory usage

fsck Filesystem consistency check and repair.

function Define Function Macros

gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)

getopts Parse positional parameters

grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern

groups Print group names a user is in

gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)

hash Remember the full pathname of a name argument

head Output the first part of file(s)

history Command History

hostname Print or set system name

id Print user and group id's

if Conditionally perform a command

import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file

info Help info

install Copy files and set attributes

join Join lines on a common field

kill Stop a process from running

less Display output one screen at a time

let Perform arithmetic on shell variables

ln Make links between files

local Create variables

locate Find files

logname Print current login name

logout Exit a login shell

lpc Line printer control program

lpr Off line print

lprint Print a file

lprintd Abort a print job

lprintq List the print queue

lprm Remove jobs from the print queue

ls List information about file(s)

m4 Macro processor

man Help manual

mkdir Create new folder(s)

mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)

mknod Make block or character special files

more Display output one screen at a time

mount Mount a file system

mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files

mv Move or rename files or directories

nice Set the priority of a command or job

nl Number lines and write files

nohup Run a command immune to hangups

passwd Modify a user password

paste Merge lines of files

pathchk Check file name portability

popd Restore the previous value of the current directory

pr Convert text files for printing

printcap Printer capability database

printenv Print environment variables

printf Format and print data

ps Process status

pushd Save and then change the current directory

pwd Print Working Directory

quota Display disk usage and limits

quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage

quotactl Set disk quotas

ram ram disk device

rcp Copy files between two machines.

read read a line from standard input

readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly

remsync Synchronize remote files via email

return Exit a shell function

rm Remove files

rmdir Remove folder(s)

rpm Remote Package Manager

rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)

screen Terminal window manager

sdiff Merge two files interactively

sed Stream Editor

select Accept keyboard input

seq Print numeric sequences

set Manipulate shell variables and functions

shift Shift positional parameters

shopt Shell Options

shutdown Shutdown or restart linux

sleep Delay for a specified time

sort Sort text files

source Run commands from a file `.'

split Split a file into fixed-size pieces

su Substitute user identity

sum Print a checksum for a file

symlink Make a new name for a file

sync Synchronize data on disk with memory

tac Concatenate and write files in reverse

tail Output the last part of files

tar Tape ARchiver

tee Redirect output to multiple files

test Evaluate a conditional expression

time Measure Program Resource Use

times User and system times

touch Change file timestamps

top List processes running on the system

traceroute Trace Route to Host

trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)

tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters

true Do nothing, successfully

tsort Topological sort

tty Print filename of terminal on stdin

type Describe a command

ulimit Limit user resources

umask Users file creation mask

umount Unmount a device

unalias Remove an alias

uname Print system information

unexpand Convert spaces to tabs

uniq Uniquify files

units Convert units from one scale to another

unset Remove variable or function names

unshar Unpack shell archive scripts

until Execute commands (until error)

useradd Create new user account

usermod Modify user account

users List users currently logged in

uuencode Encode a binary file

uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode

v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')

vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')

watch Execute/display a program periodically

wc Print byte, word, and line counts

whereis Report all known instances of a command

which Locate a program file in the user's path.

while Execute commands

who Print all usernames currently logged in

whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')

xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)

yes Print a string until interrupted

.period Run commands from a file

### Comment / Remark

The tcsh command shell of Darwin Apple OS X(the open source core of OSX)

alias Create an alias

alloc List used and free memory

awk Find and Replace text within file(s)

basename Convert a full pathname to just a folder path

bash Bourne-Again SHell (Linux)

bless Set volume bootability and startup disk options.

break Exit from a loop

cal Display a calendar

case Conditionally perform a command

cat Display the contents of a file

cd Change Directory

chflags Change a file or folder's flags.

chgrp Change group ownership

chmod Change access permissions

chown Change file owner and group

chroot Run a command with a different root directory

cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts

clear Clear terminal screen

cmp Compare two files

comm Compare two sorted files line by line

complete Edit a command completion [word/pattern/list]

continue Resume the next iteration of a loop

cp Copy one or more files to another location

cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands

crontab Schedule a command to run at a later date/time

cut Divide a file into several parts

date Display or change the date & time

dc Desk Calculator

dd Data Dump - Convert and copy a file

df Display free disk space

diff Display the differences between two files

diff3 Show differences among three files

dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path

dirs Display list of remembered directories

diskutil Disk utilities - Format, Verify, Repair

ditto Copy files and folders

dscl Directory Service command line utility

du Estimate file space usage

echo Display message on screen

ed A line-oriented text editor (edlin)

enable Stop or start printers and classes.

env Set environment and run a utility

eval Evaluate several commands/arguments

exec Execute a command

exit Exit the shell

expect Programmed dialogue with interactive programs

Also see AppleScript

expand Convert tabs to spaces

expr Evaluate expressions

false Do nothing, unsuccessfully

fdisk Partition table manipulator for Darwin UFS/HFS/DOS

find Search for files that meet a desired criteria

fmt Reformat paragraph text

fold Wrap text to fit a specified width

for Expand words, and execute commands

foreach Loop, expand words, and execute commands

fsck Filesystem consistency check and repair

fs_usage Filesystem usage (process/pathname)

ftp Internet file transfer program

GetFileInfo Get attributes of HFS+ files

getopt Parse positional parameters

goto Jump to label and continue execution

grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern

groups Print group names a user is in

gzip Compress or decompress files

head Display the first lines of a file

hdiutil Manipulate iso disk images

history Command History

hostname Print or set system name

id Print user and group names/id's

if Conditionally perform a command

info Help info

install Copy files and set attributes

jobs List active jobs

join Join lines on a common field

kill Stop a process from running

l List files in long format (ls -l)

ll List files in long format, showing invisible files (ls -la)

less Display output one screen at a time

ln Make links between files (hard links, symbolic links)

locate Find files

logname Print current login name

login log into the computer

logout Exit a login shell (bye)

lpr Print files

lprm Remove jobs from the print queue

lpstat Printer status information

ls List information about file(s)

lsbom List a bill of materials file

lsof List open files

man Help manual

mkdir Create new folder(s)

mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)

more Display output one screen at a time

mount Mount a file system

mv Move or rename files or directories

net Manage network resources

nice Set the priority of a command

nohup Run a command immune to hangups

onintr Control the action of a shell interrupt

open Open a file/folder/URL/Application

osascript Execute AppleScript

passwd Modify a user password

paste Merge lines of files

pbcopy Copy data to the clipboard

pbpaste Paste data from the Clipboard

pico Simple text editor

pmset Modify power management settings

popd Restore the previous value of the current directory

pr Convert text files for printing

printenv Print environment variables

printf Format and print data

ps Process status

pushd Save and then change the current directory

pwd Print Working Directory

quota Display disk usage and limits

rcp Copy files between machines.

repeat Execute a command multiple times

rm Remove files

rmdir Remove folder(s)

rpm Remote Package Manager

rsync Remote file copy - Sync file tree (also RsyncX)

say Convert text to audible speech

sched Schedule a command to run at a later time.

screencapture Capture screen image to file or disk

sdiff Merge two files interactively

sed Stream Editor

set Set a shell variable = value

setenv Set an environment variable = value

setfile Set attributes of HFS+ files

shift Shift positional parameters

shutdown Shutdown or restart OS X

sleep Delay for a specified time

softwareupdate System software update tool

sort Sort text files

split Split a file into fixed-size pieces

stop Stop a job or process

su Substitute user identity

sudo Execute a command as another user

sum Print a checksum for a file

switch Conditionally perform a command

tail Output the last part of files

tar Tape ARchiver

tee Redirect output to multiple files

test Condition evaluation

time Measure Program Resource Use

touch Change file timestamps

traceroute Trace Route to Host

tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters

true Do nothing, successfully

tty Print filename of terminal on stdin

umask Users file creation mask

umount a device

unalias Remove an alias

uname Print system information

unexpand Convert spaces to tabs

uniq Uniquify files

units Convert units from one scale to another

unset Remove variable or function names

unsetenv Remove environment variable

users Print login names of users currently logged in

uuencode Encode a binary file

uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode

wc Print byte, word, and line counts

where Report all known instances of a command

which Locate a program file in the user's path

while Execute commands

who Print all usernames currently logged on

whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')

xargs Execute utility - passing arguments

yes Print a string until interrupted

Note: tcsh is the default shell in OS X Jaguar (10.2)

Panther (10.3) and Tiger (10.4) default to bash - many commands do work in either shell, but this page will soon be updated to list the bash syntax.

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download