About this Tutorial
About this Tutorial
Batch scripts are stored in simple text files containing lines with commands that get executed in sequence, one after the other. Scripting is a way by which one can alleviate this necessity by automating these command sequences in order to make one's life at the shell easier and more productive. This tutorial discusses the basic functionalities of batch scripting along with relevant examples for easy understanding.
Audience
This tutorial has been prepared for beginners to understand the basic concepts of batch scripting.
Prerequisites
A reasonable knowledge of computer programming and concepts such as variables, commands, syntax, etc. is desired.
Copyright & Disclaimer
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Table of Contents
About this Tutorial ...................................................................................................................................i Audience ..................................................................................................................................................i Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................i Copyright & Disclaimer.............................................................................................................................i Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................ii
1. BATCH SCRIPTING ? OVERVIEW...........................................................................................1
2. BATCH SCRIPTING ? ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................2
Writing and Executing .............................................................................................................................2 Environment Variables ............................................................................................................................4
3. BATCH SCRIPTING ? COMMANDS........................................................................................5
ver ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 ASSOC .....................................................................................................................................................5 CD ...........................................................................................................................................................6 CLS ..........................................................................................................................................................7 Copy ........................................................................................................................................................7 DEL ..........................................................................................................................................................8 DIR ..........................................................................................................................................................9 DATE .......................................................................................................................................................9 ECHO .....................................................................................................................................................10 EXIT .......................................................................................................................................................11 MD ........................................................................................................................................................11 MOVE .................................................................................................................................................... 12 PATH .....................................................................................................................................................12 PAUSE ...................................................................................................................................................13 PROMPT ................................................................................................................................................ 13
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RD .........................................................................................................................................................14 REN .......................................................................................................................................................14 REM ......................................................................................................................................................15 START .................................................................................................................................................... 15 TIME ...................................................................................................................................................... 15 TYPE ......................................................................................................................................................16 VOL .......................................................................................................................................................16 ATTRIB ..................................................................................................................................................17 CHKDSK .................................................................................................................................................18 CHOICE ..................................................................................................................................................18 CMD ......................................................................................................................................................19 COMP .................................................................................................................................................... 19 CONVERT ............................................................................................................................................... 19 DRIVERQUERY .......................................................................................................................................20 EXPAND ................................................................................................................................................. 21 FIND ......................................................................................................................................................21 FORMAT ................................................................................................................................................ 21 HELP ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 IPCONFIG ..............................................................................................................................................23 LABEL ....................................................................................................................................................24 MORE .................................................................................................................................................... 24 NET .......................................................................................................................................................25 PING ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 SHUTDOWN ..........................................................................................................................................27 SORT .....................................................................................................................................................28 SUBST .................................................................................................................................................... 28 SYSTEMINFO .........................................................................................................................................28
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TASKKILL ...............................................................................................................................................29 TASKLIST ...............................................................................................................................................29 XCOPY ...................................................................................................................................................30 TREE ......................................................................................................................................................30 FC ..........................................................................................................................................................31 DISKPART ..............................................................................................................................................31 TITLE .....................................................................................................................................................32 SET ........................................................................................................................................................32
4. BATCH SCRIPTING ? FILES..................................................................................................33
Creating Batch Files...............................................................................................................................33 Saving Batch Files..................................................................................................................................33 Executing Batch Files.............................................................................................................................34 Modifying Batch Files ............................................................................................................................35
5. BATCH SCRIPTING ? SYNTAX..............................................................................................36
6. BATCH SCRIPTING ? VARIABLES.........................................................................................37
Command Line Arguments ....................................................................................................................37 Set Command........................................................................................................................................38 Working with Numeric Values...............................................................................................................38 Local vs Global Variables .......................................................................................................................39 Working with Environment Variables....................................................................................................40
7. BATCH SCRIPTING ? COMMENTS.......................................................................................41
Comments Using the Rem Statement....................................................................................................41 Comments Using the :: Statement.........................................................................................................42
8. BATCH SCRIPTING ? STRINGS ............................................................................................ 44
Create String .........................................................................................................................................44 Empty String..........................................................................................................................................44
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