Ferhenga Kurdî - Îngilîzî (Baran Rizgar)



Kurdish-EnglishDICTIONARYFERHENGAkurd?-?ng?l?z?Baran RizgarCopyright ? M.F.?NEN, 199345 Wilmot Close, Peckham Hill St., London SE15 6TZAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any formor by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,without the prior permission of the author.Illustrated by Nevin YAVUZPrinted and bound in Great Britainby Lithosphere Printing Cooperative82/90 Queensland Road, London N7 7AWTel 071 700 6545CONTENTS - NAVEROKinside Front CoverMap: Kurdish Inhabited Regions4-5Kurdish Alphabet - Elfabeya Kurd?6-7Abbreviations - Kurtebej8- 14Introduction - P8?gotinCompilation - Berhevkirina PeyvikanAlphabet - ElfabeUse of the Dictionary15-17Bibliography - ?avkan?20-210Kurdish - EnglishVKurdt - ?ng?l?z?212-376English - KurdishV?ng?l?z? - Kurd?377 - 378Irregular Verbs - Lêkerên Nerêzdar379 - 382Statistics on Kurdish Sounds/Heljimêrên Dengên Kurd?383 - 399Kurdish Grammar - Rêzimana Kurd?400Kurdish Number s/Hej mar en Kurd? Inside Back CoverRoman, Arabic and Cyrillic Scripts/T?pên Lat?n?, Ereb? ? K?r?l?THE KURDISH ALPHABET ELFABEYA KURD?1. A,anan, dar, barana in father (always long).2. B,bbav, b?r, bilindb in bar, bed, (as in English).3. C,ccar, cil, bacj in June, jar.4.?,??ar,?ilch in chair, church, Turkish ?.??0, ?erm,ke?unaspirated %, see INTRODUCTION.5. D,ddar, dild in dear, do (as in English).6. E,eerê, ez, em,emira in bat, bad (but shorter).eseet, ezman, emirArabic ? see INTRODUCTION.7. ?,êêvar, kêr, §êrThe open sound as in French é.8. F, fferheng, felatf in soft (as in English).9. G,ggav, agirg in girl (as in English).10. H,hhevok, hav?nh in honey (as in English).hruh, hal,hulhul?Arabic?see INTRODUCTION.11. ?, ijin, kin, rindas in unaccented the or e in garter.12. I,?d?n, ??n, t?ee in seen.13. J,jjor,jêr,j?ras in French jour, Turkishj, sin vision.14. K,kker, kêr, kw?rk in kick (as in English).kkon, ?ek, kw?runaspirated k, see INTRODUCTION.15. L, 1law, lerz, d?l1 in luck (as in English).16. M,mmar, mas?, m?rm in mine (as in English).17. N,nnan, nerm, n?n in no (as in English).18. 0,0dor, sor, kono in fore (always long).19. P,ppor, p?rt, p?ngp in park (as in English).Bpen?r, p?runaspirated p, see INTRODUCTION.20. Q,qqaz, qenc, beqguttural q.21. R,rpir, dêr, er??as in English.rrê, pir, bir?nrolled r, see INTRODUCTION.22. S,ssê, s?r, bess in safe (as in English).23. ?,??or,?er,?evsh ?n show, Turkish ?.24. T,ttêr, ta, tut in tear (as in English).tt?r, ta, tuunaspirated t, see INTRODUCTION.25. U,ugund, kur, kurtas u in English but very short and often scarcely audible.26. ?,?b?n, durlong u, as French ou.27. V,vvala, vir, kevirv in love (as in English).28. W,wwek, dew, wan?w in wish (as in English).29. X,xxebat, xan?as ch in Scottish loch (very deep French r).Xbax, axa, xulaniArabic ?, see INTRODUCTION.30. Y,yyek, heye, qeyy in boy (as in English).31. Z,zzor, zer, nezz in lazy (as in English).ABBREVIATIONSAArabicadjadjectiveadvadverbaffirmaffirmativeanatanatomyArmArmenianastrastrologybotbotaniccompcomparativeconjconjunctiondemonstrdemonstrativeegfor exampleEngEnglishespespeciallyetcand the othersexclexclamationffeminine nounfinfinancialFrFrenchGkGreekgeogeographyimperimperativeintinterjectioninterrinterrogativeKrdKurdishlonglanguageLotLatinlinglinguisticsmmasculine nounmedmedicalmilmilitarymusmusicnnounnegnegativeosoneselfpersperson(al)PPersianpipluralposspossessiveprefprefixpreppreposition(al)pronpronounsbsomebodysingsingularsthsomethingsuffisuffixTrTurkishWillusuallyviintransitive verbvttransitive verbzoolzoologyKURTEB?Jrgprengp??erzrêzimanstrstêrezan?xa?xurdepa?xi?xurdepê§xwdxwed?t?yjyekejimaramtanatom?bhdberhevdaBMBritanya Mezinbj?bij??k?bnbane?anbnrbinêreenc?navdda?ekDYADewletên Yekb?y?yên Amer?qaelkelektr?kemer?n?fitfermamghng?hanekhwdher wek? dinWi?ark?lallêkera al?karlglêkera gerand?Inglêkera negerand?11le?ker?muzmuz?knnavnynney?n?pirejimarprspirsiyar?pxwzimanê pêxwasanrgdrengdêr?P??GOT?NA: BERHEVK?R?NA PEYV?KANBe?e pe??n (Kurd?-?ng?l?z?) bi lêkol?neke li ser 300 pirt?k, kovar ? rojnameyên Kurd? hat pêkan?n. Vê xebatê ?mkana berhevkirina li dor 15.000 pey vikên Kurd? da min. Min d?re pey vikên ku min ji axaftinên Kurd? berhcvkirib?n bi ser vekir u bi v? away? hejmaran wan bu li dor 25.000-an. Di gava dudan dc min van peyvikan dan berten di ?end ferhengên Kurd? de, ew bi iêziman? ji hev an?n ? hember?yên wan ên ?ng?l?z? niv?s?n.Bo amadekirina be?e dudan (?ng?l?z?-Kurd?) min li nêz?k? 50.000 peyvikên ?ng?l?z? kola ? ji wan nêz?k? 18.000-ên bingeh?n hilbijartin. D?re van peyvikan ji hev hatin an?n ? hember?yên wan ên Kurd? hatin niv?s?n.Di ferhengê de, ji herdu zimanan bi hezaran bi wêj li gel m?nakên bikaran?nên cüda hene.Her?iqas di vê ferhengê de ji gi?a zaravên Kurd? pey vik hebin j?, bingeha wê ?? ser Kurmanc? ye. Wek ku tê zan?n, ev zarav ji al?yê Piran?ya Kurdên Bakur, gi?a Kurdên Kurd?stana S?r?yê, yên li Sowyet ? Lubnanê, ? be?ek ji Kurdên Ba??r ve tê bikaran?n.B: ELFABEFerhengt?pênlat?n?bikart?ne. Elfabeya Kurd? ji 31 t?panpêktê. Tablo deng?t?pan dide ber hev. Ji berku elfabeya Kurd? ji xwe fonet?k e, min ji bo bilêvkirinê t?pên fonetik bi kar nean?ne. Lê belê, hin t?p du dcngan dinim?nin (tems?l dikin); aspirated/ên bêhndanê (ênbêaqsan) ? unaspirated/ên bêhngirtinê (ênbiaqsan). Bi Kurd? ji van rc dengên cêw? tê gotin. Ji van t?pan, ‘ ‘?,k,p,r,t” pir gir?ng in, ji ber ku ew belav in ? biaqsan bilêvkirina deng dikane peyvikeke cihê pêk b?ne. Kurdên Sowyetê j i bo her aqsanek? van t?pan t?peke cihê bi kar t?nin. Ji ber tuneb?na lêkol?neke k?r ? f?reh ? ncnas?ya zimanzanên biyan? ya dengên biaqsan, meriv di derheqê vê babetê de li encamên hevnegirt? rast tê. Ji bo ku ji van d?r bi sekinim, min 10.930 peyvikên Kurd? yên bingeh?n (72.521 t?p/deng)ji hev an?n (anal?z kirin), di vê ferhengê de, min cncamên vê xebatê j? bi grafik ? tabloyan pe?ke? kirine. Ew pircar?ya (freqansa) t?p/dengên Kurd?, qêsa dengên biaqsan, hwd. didin. Ji bo ku ez bilêvkirineke ba? bidim ? peyvikan tevlihev nekim, min ji bo biaqsan xwendina dengan t?p binxet kirin. Bi v? away?, min xwest ez c?dat?ya peyvikên wek “ta / temperature, fever” ? “tam thread”, “?omrod, stick” ? "?oint usedfor a donkey torrujve'’, ‘‘ker” n donkey ? ‘‘ker’’ adj deaf, “pir/bridge ?4‘pir adjmuch, many, very”, hwd. j? bidim xuyakirin. Ji ber vê yekê, divê t?pên binxetkir? (?,k,p,r,0 wek biaqsan bilêvkirina wan t?pan bê fahmkirin, ne wek t?pên c?da. Cihêb?na herdu aqsanên t?pa r ew e ku r-ya biaqsan tê gindêrkirin. Sedema ku di hin niv?sarên Kurd? de ev deng bi du r-yan (rr) tê niv?s?n j? ev e. Lê belê, ji ber ku ducarkirin ? gindêrkirina dengek? ne eyn? ti?t e, n??ankirina vê t?pê yê ji ducarkirina wê ?êtir be. Wekku tê zan?n, r gava ku l?pa/dengê pey vikekê yê yekemin be her tim biaqsan(gindêrkir?) ye ? di gelek peyvikan de du r-yên biaqsan an j? yeka biaqsan ? yeka bêaqsan li pey hcv tên. Ev rast?ya bikaran?na vê metodê p?? dike. Hek em vê metodê bi kar b?nin, divê em peyvikên rê, rêz, berran, piran?, pirreng, pirr?, rêrast, serri?te, serr?, zêrav, kerelal, qareqar wek rrê, rrêz, berrran, pirran?, pirrrreng, pirrrr?, rrêrrast, serrri?te, serrr?, zêrrav, kerrelal, qarreqarr biniv?sin. Divê metodeke ku cihêt?ya r-ya biaqsan ? ya bêaqsan armanc bike hevgirt? be. Meriv nikane ji bo hinekan t?pên serbixwe bi kar bine ? guh nede yen din an j? tenê di hinek rew?an de n??an bike. Di hinek peyvikan de e, h ? x wek bi Ereb? , ? tên bilêvkirin. Ev reng bilêvkirina van t?pan hatiye binxetkirin (g, h,_x). Ji bo peyvikên ku min di niv?saran de d?tine ? bilêvkirina wan nebih?stine binxetkirin nehatiye bikaran?n. Di hin ferhengên ji al?yê Kurdên li Sowyetê ve ?apkir? de, dengên bêaqsan (aspirated) hatine n??ankirin, lê belê, ji ber ku armanca binxetkirinê, bal?d?andina xwendevan bo dengên biaqsan (unaspirated) ên ji normalê c?da ye, ferqxistina navbeyna van dengan bi n??ankirina dengên biaqsan be, dê pirtir bikêr bê. Gava pê§?n ew e ku meriv biryar bide ku em ê j i bo dengên biaqsan t?pên c?da bi kar b?nin an na. Hek meriv hejmara dengên bingeh?n bide p?? ?av (31), meriv bi hêsan? dib?ne ku ji bo dengên biaqsan t?pên c?da bi kar an?n dê elfabeyeke neprat?k ? dijwar pêk b?ne. Lê cardin j? ji bo ferheng/.an ? kesên biyan? problcmeke bilêvkirinê dim?ne. Ji ber ku bêaqsan bilêvkirina van dengan kêm zêdc wek a di zimanên din (Tirk?, ?ng?l?z?, hwd.) de ye, ya hcr? ba? ew e ku meriv di ferhengan de bilêvkirina biaqsan n??an bike. Nêr?na ku dengên biaqsan pirtir tên bikaran?n ?ewt e. Dengên bêaqsan ji yên biaqsan pirtir tên bi kar an?n; di vir de k ? t-ya biaqsan (unaspirated) ?st?sna ye, ew ji yên bêaqsan pirtir tên bikaran?n. Ev yeka pe??ye li s?stemeke li ser bingeha pircar?ya van dengan digire. Di eyn? wextê de nêr?na n??ankirina dengên bêaqsan j? ji tune de ne prat?k e. Ji xwe, ji ber ku kesên ji zikmak? bi Kurd? dipeyivin van dengan dinasin, ji wan re tenê n??ankirina bilêvkirina biaqsan hewee ye. S?stema n??ankirine divê tes?rê li te?eye (§iklê) t?pan neke, an na ew ê bê mana guhertina elfabeyê. Li gora ku piran?ya Kurdan parastina elfabeya xwe dixwazin (ji xênd? pirsa i ? ?), divê meriv di vê gavé de ji guhertinan d?r bisekine ? wan ji rêxistineke ku ji tune de piran?ya Kurmancan tems?l bike re bihêle. Evyekayê p??? li anar??ya elfabê j? bigire. Sedema ku min di vê ferhengê de binxetkirin hilbijart ev e. Binxetkirin ji bo balki?andin? ye ? tu têkil?yên wê bi te?ey? t?pan re tuneye.C: B?KARAN?NA FERHENG?Di Kurmanc? de zayend hene, ji ber vê yekê zan?na zayendan gir?ng e; ji ber ku ew tes?rê li tewandinên navan dikin. Wek m?nak; Kurê min: My son (kur bi ê hatiye tewandin), Ke?a min: My daughter (ke? bi a hatiye tewandin). Ji bo al?kar?ya xwendevanan,/(navê feminine/mê) ? m(navê masculine/nêr) li gel her nav? bi t?pên ?tal?k hatine niv?s?n. n (noun/nav) n??an dike ku nav ji bo herdu zayendan j? tê bikaran?n (wek heval, karker, xwendekar, hwd.) an j? zayendeke w? ye^taybet? tuneye (zayend li gor herêman tê guhertin). Zayenda navên Kurd? di be?? ?ng?l?z?- Kurd? de j? hatiye dan, wek m?nak: abdomen anat zik m. m n??an dike ku zik nêr e. ? meriv dibêjc zikê min, meriv nabêje zika min.Izehên peyvikan ên rêziman? bi t?pên ?tal?k hatine niv?s?n. Peyvikên ne Kurd? yên e?kere hatine gotin. Wek: Ayet/A, A n??an dike kuewnavji Ereb? hatiye wergirtin.Kevanek ( ) ji bo peyvên ne mecbur? hatine bikaran?n. Wek m?nak, (ser) ber jêr b?n, kevanek didin fahmkirin ku him ser ber jêr b?n ? him j? ber jêr b?n tê bikaran?n. Kevanekji bo ?zehanj? tên bikaran?n. Wek, demsal/season (of ayear). Raweya Ferman? di kevanekên li pey lêkeran de hatiye niv?s?n. Ev dê ji bo ki gandina Dema Niha j? al?kar?yê bide xwendevanan. Wek m?nak, di ??n (bi?e) de, bi?e ferman?yalêkera??n e.N?gandeka (/) ji bo peyvên alternatif hatiye bikaran?n. Wek m?nak, bi rê ve/va, n?gandek tê maneya ku him bi rê ve ? him j? bi rê va tê gotin.N?gandeka (~), ji dévia peyvikabingeh?ntê bikaran?n. Wek m?nak, di?zehên hest? de, hun ê ~yê bazinê dest, hwd. bib?nin; ew tê maneya hest?yê bazinê dest. Ji ber c?dab?nên bilêvkirinên herêm? ? neb?neke standarda bilêvkirin an rastniv?smê, hin pey vik bi gelek awayan tên niv?s?n, wek ?ikandin, ?ikenandin, gkandin. Ji bo ku kêmtir cih bigire ji wan ?zehayekê tenê hatiye kirin, yên din xwendevan dig?nin abi ?zeh. Wek m?nak, ?ikandin see ?ikenandin. ?ikenandin(bi?ik?ne) vf break.Yeki ? ti?tek? tewandinên yek (kesek) ? ti?tek in. Di vê rewgê de nav ? c?navên tewand? (min, te, w?, wê, me, we, wan) li dewsa wan tên bikaran?n. Wek m?nak, xew(a yejr?) hatin vibe/feel sleepy. Xewa min/Zelalê tê. I am/Zelalis sleepy.Rengp?ge/pêglêkerên 1 jê,lê,pê,tê’ ’ kurteyên ji w?/wê an ji yejr?/ti?tek?, li w?/wê an li yek?/ti?tek?, bi w?/wê an bi yek?/ti?tek?, di w?/wê an di yek?/ti?tek? ne. Dizimanê Kurd? de ew pir gir?ng in, ji ber ku pir belav in ? pirê caran maneya lêkerê ya bingeh?n diguher?nin. Di vê ferhengê de bi gir?ng? li ser wan hatiye sekin?n. Wek m?nak: kirin (bike) vt 1 do. Te ?i kir? What did you do? 2 put (in/into). jê ~ vt 1 eut. 2 break off, tear off. 3 undress. Min kine ji pitikê kir. I undressed the baby. lê ~ vt 1 write. 2 put up (a wall, etc), build. 3 dress (sb), clothe (sb).DiKurd? de, gelek caranji dévia rengdêran raweya xwed?t?tê bikaran?n. Jibonavên binavkir?di raweyaxwed?t?de sêpagpirtikhene: yê (ji bo navên nêr ? yekejimar), ya (ji bo navên mê ? yekejimar) ? yên (ji bo navên pirejimar). Min, ji bo ku kêm cih bigire, tenê yê bi kar an?ye; divê xwendekar bizanibe ku ev her sê pagpirtik gora zayend ? pirejimar an yekejimarb?na nav pev tê guhertin. Heknav bi t?pekebêdeng biqede t?pay nayêbikaran?n. Wek m?nak: manual rgdyê dest. ~ labour karêdest.Serniv?sên wek (' 23,hwd.), peyvikênc?dayên wek hev tên niv?s?nn??an dikin.Gelek ?zeh bi hej maran, wek 1,2,3, hwd. hatine parvekirin. Ew mane an bikarhatinên peyvikan ênc?dan?gan dikin.D: S?PASDAR?Gelek sipas ji Songül, Ertugrul, Yildiz, Jonathan, Paul ? Umut reji bo pigtgir? ? al?kar?ya wan a hin karên teknik ? pratik.BIBLIOGRAPHY - ?AVKAN?A: MAGAZINES-KOVARBerbang; all issues (Kovara Federasyona Komelên Kurdistanê Li Swêdê).Bergeh, issues: 3,4,5,6 (Kovara Siyas?, ?and?, Lêkol?n?, Sweden).Berhem, Kovara Lêkol?nên Civak? ? ?and?, Stockholm.Dengê Komkar; ail issues (Kovara Federasyona Komelên Karkerên Kurdistan Li Almanya Federal).Hawar. issues: 1-9, 24-57 (Kovara Kurd?, Damascus).Hêv?; Institut Kurde de Paris, France.Hêviya Welêt (Xcmre? Re?o, 1963-5).Kurmanc?; all issues (Institut Kurde de Paris).Rew?en; all issues (Kovara Yek?t?ya Rew?enb?rên Wclatparêzên Kurdistan, Bonn). Riya Azad?; ail issues (Organa Kom?taMerkez?yaPartiyaSosyal?staKurdistanaTirk?yê). Roja N?; ail issues (Rojnameya Siyas?ya Heftey?( 1943-1946), Kamuran Al?Bedirxan; We§anên J?na N?, Uppsala, 1986)Roja N?; ail issues (Komkar, Swêd).T?rêj; ail issues (Kovara ?ande ? P??ey?, Izmir).Rizgar?; ail issues (We?ana Navend? ya Partiya Rizgar?ya Kurdistan.B: NEWSPAPERS-ROJNAMEArmanc; ail issues (Monthly Kurdish Magazine, Sweden).Kurdistan Press; ail issues (The Kurdish Newspapers, Sweden).Rojname; hejmara provayê, We?anxana Doz, Istanbul, 1991.Welat; all issues (Kurdish Weekly Newspaper, Istanbul).C: BOOKS-P?RT?KAkin di Hembêza Welatê n? de; Binnie Kristal-Andersson, We?anxana ?anda Kurd?, Sweden, 1985.Assyrian, Kurdish and Yizidis; Agha Petros Ellow, Agha Petros El low, Baghdad, 1920. Bir?na Re?; Musa Anter, Koral Yay?nlar?, Istanbul, 1991.Brief Grammar and Vocabulary of the Kurdish Language of the Hakari District; Rev. Samuel A. Rhea, 1869.?iraya Azad?; Ferhad Shakely, Immigrant Institutet, Sweden.?iya; Xemre? Re?o, 1974.?iyayên bi Xw?nê Avday?; Bavé Nazê, We?anen Komela Jinên Kurdistanê li Swêdê, 1989.??roka Newrozê; ?ivan Perwer, ?ivan Production, Upsala, 1990.Dawiya Dehaq; Kemal Burkay, We§anên Deng, ?stanbul, 1991.Dengê Roja d?l; Derwê§ M. Ferho, Tigris, Brussel, 1985.Destpêka Edebiyata Kurd?; Mehmet Uzun, Beyb?n, Ankara, 1992.Di ?avkan?yên Swêd? de Motiven Kurd?; Rohat, We?anxana Vej?n, Stockholm,1991.D?wana Cegerxw?n; Damascus, 1945.D?wana R?h?: ?ex Abdurehmanê Axlep?, We?anen J?na N?, Uppsala, 1988. D?wana Melayê Ciz?r?; RojaN?, Stockholm, 1992.Ep?kên Kurd? (Kurdish Folk Epie); Haciyê Cindi, Immigrant Institute^ Sweden, Folklora Kurd?; Cigerxw?n, Wc$anên RojaN?, Stockholm, 1988.Girt?; Firat Cewer?, Sweden, 1986.Gramera Zmanê Kurd?; Qanatê Kurdo, We?anen RojaN?, Stockholm, 1990. Grammar of the Kurmanji or Kurdish Language, Soane (e.B.); London, 1913. Gulbijêrek ji Helbestên ?erko Bêkes; We?anen ApecTryck &F?rlag, Stockholm, 1991. Gundikê Dono; Baksi Mahmut, Orfeus, Sweden, 1988.Hêl?n (Baksi Mahmut, Immigrant-Institute, Sweden, 1984).Hêsir ? Baran; Bavé Nazê, Roja N?, Stockholm, 1986.Jana Heft Salan; ?ahine Bekirê Sorekl?, Enstituya Kurd? ya Brukselê, Bruxelles, 1990.Jiyana Rew?enbiri ? Siyas? ya Kurdan; Dr. Celilê ?elil, J?na N?, Uppsala, 1985. Kerwan, Helbestine Ne?ap?ur?; We?an?n Komela Jinên Kurdistanê Li Swêdê, Stockholm, 1991,Kitêba Zmanê Kyrmanc? Bona Koma ?ara; Am?ne Avdal, Erivan, 1933.Kteba Zmanê Kyrmanci, Hajie Jindy, Erivan, 1933.Komara Demokratik a Kurdistan (Mahabad); Kerim Husami, We?anen J?na N?, Uppsala, 1986.Kurdish Dialect Studies (Mac Kenze (David Neil); Oxford University Press, London).Kurdish Kurmandji, Modern Texts; Blau Joyce, 1968.Kurdish Language and the Geographic Distribution of its dialects; KhurshidFu’ad. Kurdish Language; Khorshid, Fuad Hama, Baghdad, 1983.Kurdish Readers; Jamal JalalKurtlerin Men?e i ve Kürt?e ?ncelemeleri; Me Cams, Istanbul, 1962.Kürt?e Grameri (Grammaire Kurde); Em?r Celadet Bedirxan & Rogert Lescot, Doz Yay?nlar?, Istanbul, 1991.Li Ser Rêya Cegerx?n; Gund?, Wesancn Roja N?, Stockholm, 1986.Mehmed Arifê Ciz?r? Kewê Ribad e; Segvan Abdulhekim, Wc?anên Apec Tryck & F?rlag, Stockholm, 1990.Memê ? Ey?? (?ano); Taharê Biro, Enstituya Kurd? ya Brukselê, Bruxelles, 1991. Mem ? Z?n; Ehmedê Xanê, Hasat Yay?nlar?, ?stanbul, 1990.Mirina Kalek? Rind; Mehmed Uzun, Orpheus, Stockholm, 1987.M?rsad-ul Etfal (Amadegeha Zar?kan); ??x Mihemed Kerbela, We?anen J?na N?, Uppsala, 1989).Rojek Ji Rojên Evdalê Zeynikê; Mehmed Uzun, We?anên Welat, Stockholm, 1991. Li Kurdistana Bakur ? Li Tirkiyê Rojnameger?ya Kurd?; Malm?sanij & Mahm?d Lewend?, Weganên J?na N?, Uppsala, 1989.Siya Ev?nê; Mehmed Uzun, We?ancn Welat, Stockholm, 1989.Standard Kurdish Grammar; Akrawy, F. R.;?ex Sen’an; Feqê Teyran, We$anên Roja N?, Stockholm, 1986.Tar?xa Kurdistan; C?gerxwin, We§anên RojaN?, Stockholm, 1987.Temb?r; Feq?yê Teyran, We?anên Ronah?, Zürich, 1976.Tu; Mehmet Uzun, Dengê Komal, Stockholm, 1984.Xelat, D?wana Yekem; T?rêj, We?anên Ni?timan, Sweden, 1991,Zargotina Kurda I, II; Ord?xanê Cel?l ? Cel?lê Cel?l, Ne?irxana Nauka, Moskova, 1978.Zargotina Kurdên S?r?yê; Cel?lê Cel?l, We§anên J?na N?, Uppsala, 1989.Zend Avista; Cigerxw?n, We§anên Roja n?, Stockholm, 1981.Zev?yên Soro; N?r? ?emd?n, Weganxana Kurdistan, Stockholm, 1988.Zozan; Casimê Cel?l, We§anên Roja N?, Stockholm, 1982.Xwen?e 1,11,11; Zeynelabid?n Zinar, We?anxana ?anda Kürdi, Stockl?olm, 1990.D: DICTIONARIES-FERHENGCollins Cobuild English Language Dictionary; 1990.Contemporary Turkish - English Dictionary; Redhouse, Istanbul, 1983.English Language Dictionary; Collins Cobuild, London, 1990.English - Turkish Dictionary; Redhouse, Istanbul, 1980.Ferhenga Kurd?-R?s?; Kurdoev K. K., Moskova, 1960.Ferhenga Uris?-Kurmanc?; I.O. Fanzov, Mosco, 1957.Ferheng (Kurdish - Turkish); D, ?zol?, Kurdish Student’s Society in Europe, Netherland, 1987.Kurdish - English Dictionary; Tawfik Wahbi and C. J. Edmonds, Oxford, 1966. Kurdish - French - English Dictionary; Joyce Blau, Publications du Centre pour l’Etude des Problems du Monde Musulman Ciontemporain, Bruxeles, 1965. Kurdish - Turkish; Musa Anter, Istanbul, 1967.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English; 1989.Mini S?zlük; Redhouse, Redhouse Yay?nevi, Istanbul, 1985.Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English; 1985.Türk?e S?zlük; Türk Dil Kurumu, Ankara, 1988.Turc-Fran?ais,Fran?ais-Turc;DictionaryUniversal Langenscheidt, Istanbul, 1985.a'/the first letter of the Kurdish alphabet.a2 ira Ah! Oh! So! a3 definite article used in the possessive caseforfeminine-singular noM/wke?- min my daughter, ~ min mine. ~ te yours. ~ wê hers. ~ w? his. ~ me ours. ~ we yours. ~ wan theirs. a4 article acting as a conjunction and used for feminine-singular nouns the one that. Ke?- li her der? k? ye? Who is the girl in front of the door? Jin- dirêj mamoste ye, a kin ke?~ wê ye. The tall woman is a teacher, the short one is her daughter. - din / the other one. - din? rojê the following day. a5 see an12. ab see av. abab?l see ebab?lk. abadani see abad?n. abad? see abad?n. abad?n adj eternal, immortal, abal fadj changing one’s beliefs; (person) having changed their beliefs. - b?n vi change one’s religion/beliefs. abanoz /ebony, hot Diospurus ebenum. abeg?ne/glass; crystal, abid m,adj devout, pious man; devout, pious, abidestan P see roj. abig?n see ???e. ab?dar see avdar2.ab?ne/part of fire-box of hookah inserted into water-bowl.abn?s/ ebony,fert Diospyros ebenum. abone nFr 1 subscriber. 2 subscription. - b?n, b?n - vi subscribe (to), abor/ 1 requirement, necessity. 2 livelihood, living. - bun/kirin vi,vt live on sth. Ew bi meh?ya jina xwe - dike. He lives on his wife’s salary. 3 trace, groove. 4 remnant, remainder. aborandin1 (biabor?ne) vt 1 support (a person), help (sb) to make their living. 2 sell off (good, things). aborandin2/sale, selling, abon/economy. zanistiya ~yê economics, abor?n (biabore) vi live (on), abr? see avr?. abur see abor.ab?r? see abort, ac m ivory, -a diran/dentine, acente /It agency, branch office. acil1 adj, A 1 urgent. 2 swift, quick. acil2 n 1 future. 2 present, aciz adj A 1 weak, incapable, powerless. 2 bored, annoyed. - b?n vi get bored, be bored, jê - b?n vi have had enough of, be annoyed with. - kirin vt annoy, bore, disturb.acizandin (biaciz?ne) w annoy, bore. aciz?/1 boredom, annoyance. 2 discomfort, uneasiness.aciz?n (biacize) vi get bored, be annoyed. ac?r1 m burnt brick. ae?r2 see ec?r.adan1 adj fertile, fecund. ~? / fertility, fecundity.adan2 n dairy products. -? adj milky. adan3 n food, nutriment.Adar/March.ade n kinds of insects (inclined to bite). Adem m 1 Adam 2 man, human being. ~? adj human. ~i za n human being, adese/A lens.adet /custom, habit. - kirin vt become accustomed to. ji xwe re kirin - vt get into the habit (of). ~? adj usual, normal, ordinary, routine, ji -é der adj unusual, abnormal, extraordinary, adir see agir, adiz see aciz 2.ad? adj A simple, ordinary, vulgar, -ti / commonness, inferior quality, adres Fr see navn??an. afaq n A horizons, aferim see afertn. afert see afertn. afertn int Well done! Bravo! afertnek/l character. 2 work, work of art, written work, afir / manger.afirandêr n 1 creator, maker, producer. 2 author.afirandin1 (biafirtne) vt create, invent. afirandin2/work, work of art, opus, afirandiyar adj creative, afirtn (biafire) v/be created, be invented, be born.afirvan see afrandêr.afi?/Fr placard, poster, afitab fP sun, sunlight, afrandêr see afirandêr.Afriqa/ Africa. ~ Navendi Middle Africa. - Ba??r South Africa.Afganistan / Afghanistan, afyon/Gr opium, agadar see agahdar. agah adj,f informed; information. - b?n vi be informed of. ~(a yeki) heb?n vt be informed of, know about. A~a min tune.I haven’t heard (about it), I don’t know about it. ~ kirin vt inform, warn, agahdar adj informed. ~ b?n vi be informed. - kirin vt inform, agahdar? / information. ~ dan vt give information, agah? / information, agahker n informer, informant, ageh see agah, agehdar see agahdar. agir m fire. - barandin vt bombard, shoot repeatedly and continuously. ~ berdan (fi?teki) set fire to (sth). ~ dadan vt light (fire). - girtin vt catch fire. ~ hilgirin vt light (fire). ~ kirin vt shoot. ~pê ketin vi catch fire. A- bi xan?yê me ket. Oui- house caught fire. ~ pê xistin vt set fire to.agirbaran / bombardment, agir barandin vt bombard, agirbazi / fireworks, agirbest / ceasefire, armistice, truce. Agirdan/November, agirdank/hearth, fire-place, grate, agire/ syphilis.agirgir adj inflammable, inflammatory, agirgirtin/inflammation, agirin adj fiery, volcanic, agirkuj n fireman; fire extinguisher, agirnak adj fiery, burning, agirperest n fire-worshipper, agirpijên fadj volcano; volcanic, agirvan n stoker.agirxwe? adj nice, likeable, pleasant, aha int Look! lo! ahan see aha.ahd/A vow, promise. ~ kirin vt vow (todo sth), promise (os). ahen1 adj hard. ahen2 m iron.aheng/1 harmony. 2 rhythm. ~dar adj harmonious, rhythmical, aheste adj P slowly, softly, ahên / grief, sorrow. ahiramen,ahiren,ahir??ne,ahir??nin m (Zoroastrianism) The Devil, Satan, ahiste see aheste.-ah? suff forming nouns, eg: ronahi, mezinaht.ahize fA receiver, receiving set. ahmaq,ahmax adj A stupid, fool. ahremen,ahrime see ahiramen. ahtapot n zool octopus, ah? P 1 see xezal. 2 see kemani. Ah?ramazda m the greatest God in Zoroastrianism.aidandin (biaidine) vt mix (to), add (to), aidat fA revenue, receipt, dues, aj n young shoot, sprout, ajal n flocks or herds; crowd, ajawe / confusion, disorder; civil turmoil, tumult.ajik n 1 wild almond. 2 shoot, ajine m hammer (for chipping stone), ajnaber n swimmer, -i/swimming, (bi) -i listin vt swim, ajni see ajnaberi.-ajo suff used to form nouns meaning driver, eg: kerajo (donkey driver). ajobena,ajobêna adj chronic, ajotin (bajo) vr 1 drive. 2 plow, plough (a field). 3 last, continue. Sê seetan ajot. It lasted for three hours. - hundir vt break into, burst into. ~ ser vt attack. ajotkar,ajotvan n driver, akademi see aqademi. akam/1 end. 2 consequence, result. 3 effect. al‘/flag- ~ hildan vr flag, hoist the flag. ~(a xwe) danin vt lower/strike (one’s) flag, -dar/g?r/kg? n standard-bearer. al2 see sor. ala see al1.alaf1 m feed (for cattle or sheep). alaf2 / flame. alaf5 see glaf. alal /tulip.alan /echo.aland?n (bialêne) vt wrap, pack, alastin (bialêse) vt lick. Pis?k tems?kê dialêse. The cat is licking the plate, alat A pi of alet.alav n (asu pi) thing, tool. alay/P 1 mil regiment. 2 crowd; all (of a group).alay? see alay.alaz /intention, purpose. ~ kirin vt mean, intend (to say).Albanya/ Albania. ~y? adj,n Albanian.album / Fr album.al?en f omit upper jaw, maxilla.ale?ok/tent made of felt.alem fA world.alet m A tool, instrument.Alew? n member of the religious sect that reveres Ali. alfat/disaster, alêstin see alastin. algon m,adj dark pink, alif m fodder. ~ dan vt feed (animals), alifandin (bialif?ne) vt feed (animals), aliqandin (bialiq?ne) vt hang, suspend, aliq?n (bialiqe) vi be hung, be suspended. al?1 m side, direction; area. ~yê ?epê/ raste left/right side, v?/w? ~this/thatside. ji her ~ veji hem? ~yan ve from all sides, li her - all over, all around. Le?ker ber bi v? ~ ve ??n The soldiers went in this direction/this way. bi her ~ ve in all directions, ji ~.. ve by. Ew ji ~ dizek? ve hat ku?tin. He was killed by a thief, ji ~yê din besides, on the other hand. ~ kirin vt help. Wan ~ min kir. They helped me. Em hatin - te bikin. We came to your aide, xwe dan ~k? vt withdraw, recede, draw away from, al?kar n helper, assistant, aide. ~t/help, assistance, aid. dan (yek?) vt help, support. ~?(ya yek?) kirin help (sb). al?2 A see bilind. al?m?ny?m / Ft aluminium, al?n (biale) vt interlace, intertwine, al?negir adj,n neutral, impartial not belonging to either sides.. ~ kirin vt neutralize. ~\f neutrality, impartiality, al?sor/kind of pear with some red parts.Alman n,adj German, Germanic. ~? / German (language). ~ya/Germany. ~ya Rojava West Germany. ~ya Rojhelat East Germany.alo Hello! (used in telephone conversation), alos ad) spoilt rotten, decayed, -bar adj perishable, temperamental. ~ b?n vi decay. ~\f rottenness, decay, aloz adj 1 unnatural. 2 harsh, hard. ~? / violence; harshness; hardness, difficulty, alqol fFr alcohol, alternatif fFr alternative. al?1/gland, tonsil. al?2/plum.al?? n,adj cylinder; cylindrical, al??e/plum (green), alude see lewit?. al?le / side-street.al?s adj 1 elegant. 2 affected, showy. ~? / 1 elegance, attractiveness. 2 affectedness, showiness, al?z?/problem, matter. alvêr/7V trade, shopping, amac see armanc.amade adj ready, prepared, present. ~ bun vi be ready, be present. - kirin vt prepare, make ready, xwe ~ kirin get ready, amadekar n organizer, preparing person. -?/ preparation, amadet?/preparation; being ready, aman n household utensils, pots and pans, amanc see armanc. ambar see embar. amber see ember, amel A see emel.Amerika see Amer?qa, Amer?qa/America. ~y? adj, ti American. Dewletên Yekb?y? yen ~. the United States of America. ~ya Bakur North America. ~ya Ba??r South America, amêjen / alloy.amini/ security. ~(ya xwe pê) an?n vttrust (in), rely (on), am?n int Amen.am?r n A 1 commander, commanding officer. 2 superior, chief. ~hêz n commander, amo m paternal uncle, amojgar?/advice.amojin/aunt, paternal uncle’s wife. ~zan paternal uncle’s child, amojkar n adviser, counsellor. amonyaq/ZV chem ammonia, amper n Fr ampere, amp?l fFr electric bulb, am?ret m tool, implement.-an1 suff forming oblique case of plural of nouns pên?sên ke?- the girls’ pens.-an2 suff forming ordinal numbers ?ar~ fourth. an3 conj or. ev - ew this or that. - j? or, or else. - na if not, otherwise, ana see aniha.anal?z / Fr analysis, see jihevan?n, h?randin, hevderan?n. ananas / pineapple, anar see hinar. anar?i fGk anarchy. anatom?/Fr anatomy, andam see endam.-ane suff forming adverbs, eg: merd-bravely, honestly.ango adv therefore, that is to say.Angola/Angola.angori adv according to, in accordance with, aniha adv now, at the moment; immediately, right away, anika see aniha. an? see gn?1.an?n (b?ne) vt bring. ~ ber vi submit. - bergavan vt consider. ~ ber gavên xwe vi imagine, envisage. ~ cih vt carry out, perform. ~ dinyê vt give birth to. ~ holê vt reveal, bring to light. ~ zimên vt express. ber bi hev ~ vt cause (them) to become closer, bring (them) near one another, bi xwe re - vt bring with os. ji hev - vt analyse, analyze, classify, separate. li hev - vt 1 reconcile. 2 make (one thing) fit (another); make (up), invent, an??k see en??k. anka see aniha. ans?kloped?/Gk encyclopedia, antam see endam, antarkt?ka see antarqt?qa. Antarqt?qa/ Antarctica, antên fFr antenna, aerial, ap m paternal uncle, apa/see met. apand?st fFr appendicitis.apartman /Fr apartment, apore m vagrant, tramp, apter adj mad. ~?/madness, aqadem?/Gk academy. aqar/1 desert. 2 orchard. 3 area, open field, aqas see ewqas. aqasya/Gk acasia. aqeliyet f A minority, aqil m A intelligence, wisdom, mind, ji - der adj unreasonable, -ane adv intelligently, wisely, -mend adj wise, intelligent, -sivik adj unreasonable, foolish. ~sivik(t)? / foolishness, stupidity, kem- adj foolish, stupid. kêm~?/foolishness, stupidity, aqit see dims, aq?bet/A end, result. aqord/Fr(amusical instrument) tune, bê - out of tune, bi- in tune. - kirin vt tune, aqordyon /Fr accordion, aq?bet see aq?bet. aqwary?m /Lat see mas?dank. ar/A shame. ar1 see agir. ar2 see ard. ar3/ar, arc.aram/patience; rest; ease. - kirin vt be patient. ~?/ease, peace of mind, repose. araq/A arrack, aras?te see arast?.arastin (biarêse) vt adorn, ornament,decorate, arast? adj adorned, decorated, ornamented, arav/soapy water (used), arayi?t / adornment, decoration, ornament. - kirin vt adorn, embellish, xwe - kirin vt dress up, decorate os. arbing/ shears, arc/bamboo, ard m flour.ardel?ke /powdery snow. ardik/1 semolina. 2 sawdust, ard? fuel, arezar see zarezar. arez? see arz?. arez?mend see arz?mend. arg see erg.argon adj fire-coloured, arif adj A knowing, wise, arihan (biarihe) see ar?n. arik/anat palate.arimandin (biarim?ne) vt rest. xwe~ vthave a rest.ariyandin (biariy?ne) vt hurt. ar(i)yan (biare) see ar?n. ariz? adj A temporary.art1 /ash. an2 see al?1.Ari3 ti,adj Aryan, -nijad n Aryan arik/ ceiling, ar?kar see al?kar. ar?kar? see al?kar? ar?le adj effeminate, ar?n (biare) vi ache. |)ê ~ vi ache. Ser bi min ar?ya. I have a headache. arjing1/species of cherry tree. arjing2 mdry branches of trees, dry twigs, ark?sk / cricket.armanc / target, aim, purpose, object, ideal.a rni ??/residue (left after crushed grapes).arsim/cold, flu.ar??w f Fr archives.arte?/army.ar? m cucumber.ar?ng/ apricot.arvan see ard.arzan see erzan.arzan? see erzan?.arz?/desire, wish. ~ kirin vt want, wish, desire, -dar/mend adj desirous, wanting, asan see hêsan. asans?r f Fr elevator, lift, asfalt/ Fr asphalt; asphalted road, asê adj 1 rebellious, obstinate. 2 steep, precipitous, difficult of access. ~ b?n vi resist. ~ kirin vt fortify, strengthen, -geh / fortification, stronghold, asik m stomach, asiman, as?man see ezman. as?m?lasyon f Fr assimilation, as?min/jasmine, asiwa/horizon. ~n n horizons, as?t fFr acid, as?tan see hew?. ask / gazelle, asman see ezman. asman? adj abstract, aso/horizon. ~y? adj horizontal, asogeh/summit line of mountain range, horizon line.aspirin fFr aspirin, asraq n ceiling.Astan /Saturn.astar m 1 lining. 2 priming, undercoat. - kirin vt line, astern see asteng.asteng/ 1 obstacle, difficulty. 2 roughness (of the country or mountain), adj 1 difficult. 2 rough, uneven, ast?n/euff (of sleeves), astronom Fr see stêrezan.Asya / Asia. ~y? n, adj Asian. a?1 m mill. ~ê agir? power mill. ~ê avê water mill. ~ê bay? wind mill. ~ê qehwê coffee mill, coffee grinder. ~gêr measure of flowing water sufficient to drive a water mill, -van n miller, -van?/ miller’s tr ade, being a miller. a?2 n meal, food, -baz n cook. ~pêj n cook, -pêjxane / restaurant; kitchen, -xane / restaurant.a?3 adj quiet, still, at piece. - b?n vi be reconciled, make peace, be quiet, stop crying (child). - kirin vt reconcile, silence, a ?ev see e?ef.a?ifte adj very upset, wretched, miserable, a??k m anat stomach, cardiac orifice, pylorus.a?iq‘ n A lover. - ? ma??q lovers, inseparable friends. a?iq2 n Gypsy.a?it?/peace, quietness, silence, -dar adj peacable, peaceful, -parez n pacifist, -parêz?/pacifism. -xwazadj,?pacific, peaceable; pacifist, -xwaz?/pacifism. a??na n,adj P acquaintance; familiar, a??t/ avalanche, a??yan see h?j?n a?kira see e?kere. a?n /peace, silence, quietness, a?t? see a?it?. a??b P see fitne.a??jin m thread used with a sack needle, a??ma?k n children’s expression of declaring friendship broken, a??t/avalanche, atab?k see wez?r. ate? free agir. atinosfer/Gk atmosphere.atom/Gk atom, bombe- nuclear bomb, av/water. -berdan vr irrigate, -berdan ser vt water, irrigate. ~ dan vt water, irrigate. ~ bi dev(ê yek?) ketin vt have one’s mouth water (for). ~ girtin vt inundate. ~ ki?andin vt 1 draw/get water, leak (boots, etc). 2 carry water. ~ lê kirin vt water, wash. ~ li xwe kirin wash os, have a shower. - re?andin vt sprinkle, scatter, bin ~ b?n vt dive, bin ~ kirin vt plunge into water, dip. dan nav ~ê vt enter the water. ~a herikok/ stream, river, -are?/glaucoma. ~a sip?/leukoma, leukema. ~a vexwarinê/drinking-water, ava adj built, prosperous, (place) developed and provided with public service. ~ b?n vt be developed, be built up, be established. Mala te ~ be May you be happy/Thank you. ~ kirin vt develop, build, establish.avab?n/establishment, foundation, avadan adj rich and prosperous, cultivated, developed. ~\f development, avadar?/development, public works, avah?/building, construction, inhabited place.avakir1 n maker, builder, constructor. avakir2 adj constructive, creative. -? / constructiveness, creativeness, avda m a hair.avdan n watering (a plant, etc), irrigation.avdank/pail, bucket.Avdar1 see Adar. avdar2 adj 1 watery, wet. 2 juicy, avdest (ablution, -stendin vt perform an ablution. -xane/place to perform ablutions; toilet, avdev/saliva, avdêr / sprinkler, avdonk/ gravy, avehtin see avêtin.avéré adj departed, deviated. - b?n vi depart from, deviate, avevek/swamp.avêlin (biavêje,bavê je) vt throw; get rid of. - girt?gehê vt imprison. - ser vr raid onZupon(aplace). Le?keran -sergundê me. The soldiers raided upon our village.- tal?kê vt risk, endanger, d?rik - ser (yek?) vr sing the praises of (sb). xwe - vr jump, xwe - bextê yek? vr take refuge behind sb. xwe ~ dereke take refuge (in a place).avgir1 adj:f non-porous, spongy; sponge. avgir2/wcll.avg?r adj,f boggy, marshy, swampy; bog, marsh, swamp, avgon m,adj sky-blue, avgo?t/ gravy; stock, broth, avik / sperm, semen, avis adj pregnant. - bun vi be pregnant, become pregnant. ~ hi?tin/kirin vrmake pregnant.avisandin (biavis?ne) vr 1 cause (sth) to swell up. 2 make pregnant avis?n (biavise) vi swell up, get swollen. av?1 adj 1 aquatic. 2 watery. 3 marshy. av?2/dew.av?n1/ sperm, semen. av?n2 see av?1 av?tin see avêtin.avjank?/swimming, (bi) ~ l?stin vt swim, avjen n swimmer. ~? / swimming. ~? kirin/l?stin vr swim, (bi) ~? zan?n vt beable to swim, swim.avke? /1 pump, water-pump. 2 water- seller, water-carrier, avok/canteen, flask, avpalêv/filter, avpij / fountain, water jet. avp?vaz / onion sauce, avre?and? adj sprinkled with water. ~ kirin vt sprinkle (a dusty) path with water, avrêj / toilet, WC. avr?/shame, modesty, av?ile/molasses made by boiling down unripe grape juice, av?hewa / climate, weather, avzê /spring- head, avzêl/swamp, avzêm /1 spring. 2 swamp. avzêr/1 gilding. 2 aqua regia. ~ kirin vr gild.avz?v/silver ore. ~ kirin vr silver, avz?ne/buckle, a vzung/buckle.awa/manner, way, style, bi ?i ~y?be (j?)somehow or other, bi her ~yiin any case. bi v?/w? ~yi thus, so, in this/that manner. A want! There, that’s good! This is the way it should be done! awar/ a sweet made of grape molasses, a warte fadj exception; temporary, exceptional. gerandina ~ martial law. rew?a ~ state of exception, awaz see deng. awêne / mirror.awiqandin (biawiqine) vt detain, keep (sb) busy, delay, awiq? adj detained, delayed, awiqin (biawiqe) vi be detained, be delayed, be distracted.awir/1 look, glance. 2 frown. ~(lê) dan,~ên xwe t?j kirin, ~ (le) vedan vt frown, awqas see ewqas.ax ‘/earth, soil. ~a bi kils chalky soil, -a bi kilte clayey soil, -a bi xiz sandy soil, ketin bin -é vi be buried, kirin bin ~ê v/ bury.ax-/?r Ah! Alas! Ouf! A~ li min! Woe is me! ~ ? wax/lamentation, axa agha, chief of a tribe. ~t? being an agha, status of agha. axaftin (biaxit'e,biaxeve)‘ vi speak. axaftin2/speech, conversation. axaft(e)van n speaker, axaz see destpêk.axeax/lamentation. - kirin vt lament.axere?/black soil.axesor/red soil.axe??n/grey soil.axgirêdayl adj earthly.axift(e)kar n speaker.axil1 see axir.axil2 see axur.axir1 fadj A end, result; last, final. ~ifadj end, result; last, final. axir2 adv fortunately, by good luck, it’s good that, axivin see axaftin.ax?n/sigh, whine. - ki?andin vt sigh, whine. ~ ? nal?n /lamentation, axlêv / lawn, axmax see ahmaq.axre?/black soil.axret/A the next world, the hereafter.axsor /red soil.axur m stable.ax? see jehr.ax?? P see hembêz.axwaftin see axaftin.axw?n see ax?n.ay! int Ouch!Ayar f see Eyar1. ayar m see eyar2.ayende adj current, contemporary, nif'?e ~ the present generation. ayet/A verse of the Koran.-ayet? suff forming nouns, eg; Kurdayet?. -ay? suff forming nouns, eg: d?ray?, nêz?kay?.ay?ne P see neynik, mirêk.az adj ambitious; live, aza adj 1 brave; bold. 2 independent, free. ~ kirin vt free, set free, xwe - kirin free os. ~y?/bravery; freedom, independence, azad adj independent, free. ~ b?n vi be/ become free. ~ kirin vt free, set free, liberate. ~? / freedom, independence, -ixwaz ? advocate of freedom. ~?xwaz? /advocacy of freedom, azadan?/I holiday. 2 amnesty, azan/A call to prayer, the Azan, azar / anguish, sorrow, grief. ~ dan vt rebuke, scold, azardil adj tormented, hurt, azayane adv freely.Azerbêycan / Azerbaijan, azerde/torment, torture; pain, hurt, suffering.azerdedil?/anguish.azet ? ikram/entertaining (sb) royally.azib adj single, unmarried.azinc / dwelling.azirin (biazire) vi get angry, get hot. azin1 /method.azin2/religious ceremony, rite, azm?n / examination, azpêj see a?pej. azpê jxane see a?j>ejxane. azwer adj ambitious, passionate. ~i / ambition.b/the 2nd letter of the Kurdish alphabet.ba1 prep with, at. n the place near sb, neighbourhood, vicinity, li~ prep at, near, with. Kes li ~ te heye. Is there anyone with you. ba2 pref indicating a turning or winding action, eg: badan, bawerdan. ba3 m wind. ~ ji ber ??n vi break wind. B~ li ~ dibê The wind is blowing. ~ ketin vi (wind) fall. - kirin vt winnow. - rab?n vi (wind) come up, rise, (li) ber bê ??n vi 1 be blown off by wind. 2 be of no use. ?oq? min ber bê ?? The wind blew my hat off. dan ber bê vt winnow, throw (sth) into the air (as if winnowing). ba4 rheumatic pain, rheumatism. ba5 see biha. ba6 cont of bav. bab1 see bav1. bab2 A see den. babasir see bawes?r. babel??k f ring finger, babel?sk/century.babet / 1 sort, type, kind, category. 2 subject, matter. 3 quality, babidest adj 1 idle, unemployed. 2 empty- handed, destitute, babik see bavik. babil?sk/ century, babir/windbreak, wind-breaker, bab?sok/gust of wind, swirl (of dust), bablisk see babel?sk- babl?sok see bab?sok- bab?ne/camomile, chamomile, bab?tan?/seesaw, teeter-totter. bac/tax;toll; tribute, -(axwe)dan v/pay (one’s) tax. ~ bir?n vt tax. ~ stendin vr collect tax. -bir?n / taxation, -dar adj taxable, -geh/custom house, toll-house, toll-bar/gate. -gir n tax-collector, bacan m aubergine, -é re? aubergine. ~ê sor tomato.ba?ermok n bat, zool Chiropter. ba?ik/cigarette.badan (bade) vt turn, wring, wind. Ew segta xwe badide He is winding his watch. r?(yê xwe) jê - vr turn away, break off relations with.badar adj windy. - kirin vt ventilate, air. bade /P wine; drink. B- no?! To your health! Cheers! (when drinking), badek/ 1 auger, gimlet, drill. 2 screwdriver. 3 corkscrew, badev/icy wind, squall, badilhewa see bad?hewa. badincan see bacan, badir see berf.bad?hewa adj,adv gratis, free; in vain, bad?n/cup, wine glass, badok/curl. -? adj curled, badr?can see bacan, bafik m pretext, excuse, bafon / aluminium, bager/ storm, snowstorm, bagurdan / roof-roller made of stone and for smoothing and packing mud roofs, roller.bahavêj / storm, bahol m It suitcase, bahor /grip, grippe, bahos see bahoz1.bahoz1/ whirlwind, cyclone, tempest. bahoz2 adj hesitant, undecided. bahr/A sea.bahr?n/bleating, bleat, vi bleat, bahs see behs.bajar m city, town. - ava kirin vt found a new city, urbanize, -avah?/city-planning, urbanization. ~? adj.n urban; townsman, city-dweller, -ok m small town, -van n townsman, city-dweller, -van?/vant?/being a townsman, bajele / a skin disease, bajen/fan (held in and moved by hand), bajêr oblique case of bajar. bakê§/ventilator. -?/ ventilation. Bakur m North. -? adj Northern. bal1 /1 mind. 2 interest, attention. ~(a xwe) dan vt pay attention (to). B~a xwe bide w? Pay attention to him. - ki?andin v/ attract attention, -dar adj attentive, careful, -dar? / attention, -dirêj adj patient, -dirêj?/patience. bal2 see bask- bal3 see ba1.bal4/ height, bejn?-/height, stature, appearance.bala adj,n high; height, balafir/aircraft. ~a bombeavêj bomber. ~a nê?irvan fighter plane, -geh / airport. -hilgir / aircraft carrier. -?ken / anti aircraft, -van n pilot, aviator, -van? / aviation.balan?/bobbin (for thread), balbalok n praying mantis, zjool Mantis religiosa.balcan see bacan.bale adj stupid, foolish. ~f?/stupidity. balgeh,balgih,balg?,balg?v / cushion, pillow.batinde n 1 bird, fowl. 2 eagle, bal? adj decayed, rotten, balif/ cushion, pillow, balm see balif.bal??ne/small cushion (embroidered), bal?v see balif.balke? adj interesting; attractive, -i / attraction.balo ad\' at least.balor/ roll, rolling pin, roller. - kirin vt roll, -k? adv with a rolling motion. bal?k(e) see bal?r. bal?pal adj roomy, spacious; open, vast, bal?r/1 wart. 2 corn, callus, balyoz n ambassador, -xane/embassy, bamb? n bamboo, bam?,baniye m okra, gumbo, bamidad see berbang. ban1 m roof-top, roof, gabble-roof. ban2 m top, upper place. ban3 see bang.ban andin (bibanine) vt accustom (to), bander adj sovereign, -i/sovereignty. bandev / geog summit, apex, bander see bankut. bandor see bandur. band?r / effect, influence. ~(? yeki/ ti?tek? kirin) kirin vt effect, influence, ketin bin -a yeki vi be under the influence of. kirin bin -a xwe vt exert an influence on, influence.bane n 1 pasturefor sheep (during spring). 2 dairy farm, milking barn or shed, -dar n dairyman.banek^/ habit, custom.Banemer/April.bane?an f gram interjection, exclamation, bane see ban?2.bang/1 call. 2 voice, sound, noise. - dan vt 1 call to prayer. 2 (a cock) crow. - kirin vt call.bangbêj n 1 person who calls to prayer (muezzin). 2 town crier, crier, bangder see bangbêj. banger see bankut. bang?: - (yek?) kirin vi call. ban?1 m, adj, adv the upper covering of a roof, roof, roofing; upper, up. - ketin vi climb up.ban?2 adv - (yek?) kirin vt call, ban?je / penthouse.ban?n (bibane) vi getused to, be/become accustomed to. banke see bam|e. banker n town crier, crier, bankut,ban kutan / roof-roller made of stone and for smoothing and packing mud roofs, roller..bano/I miss (young lady). 2 queen (wife of a king).banoke/terrace, balcony, banqe/ bank, -gêr n banker, -gêr? / banking, banseet /clock.ban?/princess; Lady (before a given name), banz see baz3.bapê?' /blizzard, snowstorm. bapê?2/packet, parcel, bape?/cold. bi -e ketin vi have a cold, bap?r m grandfather, -perest?/atavism, reversion.bap?r?/ species of pomegranate. bap?va(n) adj idle, lazy. ~n?/idleness. ~n? kirin vt wander, idle about, bap?k/snowstorm, blizzard. baq1/calf. baq2/bunch.baqandin (bibaq?ne) vt bleat.baqil1 / species of beans.baqil2 adj 1 intelligent, clever. 2 well-behaved, good (child), baq?yet/A remainder, remnant, residue. bar1 m burden, load, cargo. ~ dan?n vt unload. ~ girêdan vt pack load. - kirin vt 1 load. 2 (mala xwe) ~ kirin vt move (from a place). ~ ki?andin vt carry, transport (from one place to another). bar2 m difficult task, responsibility. ~ li ser mil(ên yeki) bun vi be responsible. B~ li ser milên min elam responsible (for a burdensome task).-bar1 suffforming adjectives with sense full of, eg: gunehbar.baran /rain. ~ bar?n vi rain. B- dibare. It is raining. - bir?n stop raining. ~ vekirin vt stop raining. Baranê vekir. It stopped raining.Baranbiran/May.barandin (bibar?ne) vtrain, shower (sth) on, drop (sth) on. baran?1 m raincoat. baran?2/a folk-dance, baranparêz m raincoat, bare/subject; occasion, di vê ~yê de in this connection, in this case . barebar / a big fuss, a lot of noise. ~ kirin/kirin - vt make a big fuss, make a lot of noise, bareg/arsenal.bar(e)geh / arsenal ; headquarters.barger n porter; carrier; stevedore.bargir see barg?r.barg?l see barg?r.barg?r n beast of burden.band see sar.Bari see Xwedê.bangeh Pf 1 porch. 2 world; fate, destiny, bank adj thin; narrow; slender, barm (bibare) vi rain, snow, hail; fall abundantly on/upon. Baran dibare It is raining. Berf dibare It is snowing. Zipik dibare. It is hailing, (baran/berf/z?pik ) lê bar?n vi be caught in the (rain/snow/ hail).barke? n porter, carrier, barke??/transport, shipping, barname/ waybill, shipping papers, bar?/tower, turret, bar?d fA gun-powder.bar?t see barud. bar?ve/strong wind with rain, barxane/warehouse, storehouse, bas see behs.bask m wing; arm; forearm, ketin bin ~ên yek? vi take refuge under the wings of (sb). kirin bin ~ên xwe vt take (sb) under one’s wings, basko kirin vt clip, shear, bastêq see bast?q.bastfq/grape pulp dried in thin layers, bast?r/structure, bodily constitution, bas?r see bawes?r.ba? adj 1 good, fine, well. 2 in good health. ~ b?n vi 1 get better, be good, recover. 2 improve. - kirin vt 1 cure. 2 make (sth) right. 3 improve, ba?avend n rhyme, ba?b?n/improvement, recovery, ba??/goodness; healthiness. ba?ok(e) n zool falcon, kind of hawk, ba?tir adj better, ba?tir?n adj the best, ba??ke ? zool falcon, kind of hawk, ba?ur m south. ~i adj southern, of the south, bat?nok/poppy.bav1 m father. ~ik m generation; father, -mart m step-mother, -p?r see bapir. -bav2 suff forming adjectives related to father, eg: segbav. bave??nk see bawe??nk- bawar see bawer.bawer/belief. ~ kirin vt believe, jê - kirin vt believe in (sb). pê ~ b?n vi trust, baweran? ? believer, bawer?/faith, trust, belief, confidence. - pê an?n vt believe, trust. - pê (bi yek?) hafin be trusted, -ya yek? pê (bi yek?) hatin trust sb.bawermend adj believing, n believer, bawername/letter of credit, bawes?r /piles, hemorrhoids. bawe??n/fan. ~ kirin vt fan. bawe??nk/ventilator, electric fan. baw??k,bawi?k/yawn, - an?n vr'awn. bawi?k? adj (a person) yawning. bawi?k?n (bibawi?ke) vi yawn, baw? adj rheumatic (person). - b?n vi suffer rheumatism.bax m vineyard.bax?e m garden, -van n gardener, -van? /gardening; being a gardener, baxeber see agahdar. baxnot/banknote, ba Xoy! see bi Xwedê.-baz1 suffforming adj and nouns, eg: serbaz, felbaz.baz2 n sparrow hawk, goshawk. baz3 ?jump, running. - dan vt 1 runaway, flee, run. 2 dance. 3 jump, baza adj fast, quick, bazar /1 market. 2 bargain. - kirin vt bargain, haggle, -a kar labour market ~a re? black market, bazend m anat forearm, bazik see bask.hazin m bracelet. ~ê dest m wrist, bazirgan n merchant, trader. ~?/trade, -?ya derve/ foreign trade, baz?n vi 1 run. 2 dance, bazor/blizzard, storm, be imp of b?n Ba? be! Hêd? be!, bed adj bad.bedbext adj 1 miserable, unhappy. 2 unfortunate, unlucky. ~i / 1 unhappiness, misery. 2 unluckiness, bedbêj adj evil-tongued. bedbin n,adj pessimist; pessimistic, -if pessimism.beddil adj evil-natured. beden1 m rampar t, wall. beden2 m body, trunk, -parêz?/physical training, physical education, bedew adj beautiful, pretty, nice, splendid, handsome. - bun vi be/become beautiful, be beautified. - kirin vt beautify, embellish, adorn. ~?/t? / beauty, splendour, bedêl see berdêl.bedgo adj scurrilous, abusive, evil-tongued. bedhal adj perturbed, miserable. ~i/miscry. bedilandin (b?bedil?ne) vr transform (sth) into (sth else), bedir/A full moon, bed? adj unique, matchless, bed?d A see e?kere. bed?h? A see e?kere. bedkar n evil-doer.bedl1 m suit. bedl2/fool moon, bednam see bednav. bednav adj (person) having a bad reputation, disreputable. ~ bun vr get a bad reputation, bedr see bedl.bedraz adj malicious, malevolent, bedrek? / wickedness, bedx? adj wicked, evil, bedxwah see bedxwaz. bedxwaz adj,n hostile, malicious; evil- wisher. -if hostility, malice, bedxwez see bedxwaz. bedziman adj evil-tongued. beecandin (bibeec?ne) vt 1 anger. 2 arouse (sb’s) jealousy, beec?n (bibegee) vr 1 get angry. 2 be jealous, envy, be resentful, beecok adj jealous. ~t?/jealousy, befr see berf.Befranbar/ December, bef?ik m incisor.beg m 1 (title, after name) gentleman, mister, sir. 2 ruler, master, beha see buha. behar see bihar. beharat see biharat. behartin see bihurtin. behecandin (bibehec?ne) see beecandin. behec?n (bibehece) see beec?n. behecok see beecok. behe?t/paradise, heaven, hehir see par12, behir see behr. behi?t/paradise, heaven, behitandin (bibehitfne/r astonish, astound. behit?n1 (bibehite) vr be surprised, be astonished./astonishment, surprise. behit?n2 see hel?n. beh?n1 see b?hn.beh?n2 (bibehe) vr ?cap, spring up, jump, beh?t fatlj miracle; strange, beh?t?n see hel?n.beh?v / almond, -tir?k/ green almond, unripe almond. beh?vok/oMr?r tonsil. behl?f,behl?v/cushion, pillow, behr f A sea.behr,behre see par12.Behram fastr Mars, behs / subject, topic. - bun vt be mentioned, be talked about. - kirin vt mention, talk about, behtir see bêtir. behvan see bêvan. behvil see bêvil. behwer see bawer. beicandin see beecandin. beic?n see beecin. be?d P see d?r.bej m 1 continent, land. 2 dry land. ~ay? adj continental. ~i adj of dry land, wild, bejavi adj,n amphibious; amphibian, bejik m steppe, bejin see bejn. bejinbost n dwarf, bejmêr adj worthy.bejn’/stature, height. ~avetinvt grow in height. ~(a yeki) gih??tin vi grow in height, -bilind/drêj adj tall. -kin/kurt/ nizm adj short, -zirav/teng adj thin, slender. bejn2/waist.bejn?bal/stature, height, appearance, bi ~ adj slender, slim, bekre n clay.bel adj erect, ?avên xwe ~ kirin vt stare; be wary; be on guard, guhên xwe ~ kirin vt prick up one’s ears. bela‘/A calamity, misfortune, trouble. ~ xwe ditin vt get one’s deserts, li ~yê gerin vi ask for trouble, look for trouble. bela2 see belav. — adj scattered, spread, belager adj troublesome, aggressive. ~i/ aggressiveness.belal?k1/ wart (on the skin). belal?k2/ morello, small bitter cherry, belam conj but.belasebeb adj,adv unreasonable, useless; unreasonably, uselessly, bela? adj free, gratis. belav1 adj scattered, out of order. ~ bun vt scatter, be scattered, be spread, be dissolved. ~ kirin vt scatter, distribute, spread, ji hev ~ kirin vt break to pieces, chssolve.belav3 adj widespread.belavela see belawela. belavker n distributor, belavok/ 1 brochure, pamphlet, leaflet. 2 announcement. ~a ?apgêr? announcement (to the press), press statement, belawela adj scattered, disorganized, in complete disorder, very messy. ~ b?n vi be scattered, be dispersed. ~ kirin vt scatter, disperse, spread, disorganize, belaziz see belgzizk. belbelitanik/ butterfly, bel?in? m leaf (of a tree), belediye fA town hall, municipality, belefire n diarrhoea (animals). belek(i) adj piebald, speckled, spotted, mottled.belekbirdin adj red headed, belem / boat.belengaz adj poor, unfortunate, needy, miserable. ~i f poverty, unhappiness. ~ kirin vi impoverish, belesan/ balsam tree. beleziz(k)/bell-flower, bat Campanula, belê aff particle yes.belg1 m sheet (of paper), leaf (of a tree). belg2 m dress, clothes, beige fTl document. 2 proof, -weri adj documentary, belgeh see balgeh. beiger/table (made of stone), belgih m suit, belik see biiik.beliqandin (bibeliqine) vt make (sth) gush out.beliqi adj protruding (eyes), ?av- adj protruding-eyed.beliqin (bibeliqe) vi gush out, spurt out, jet. beliyandin (bibeliyine) vt approve, confirm, verify, belican/ring finger, belitang/l butterfly. 2 bow tie. belk see belg1.belke,belkim,belki,belku adv perhaps, maybe, probably, belko adv,f probably; probability, belleban m large, spherical stone, beloke m clitoris, belor n crystal.belqitandin (bibelqitine) vt kill (usedcontemptuously).bel qi tin (bibelqite) vi die (contemptuously), bel?t/valonia oak. belxem f A mucus, ben1 m string.ben2/hedge, fence made of bmsh. benav / ash tree, bene see beng. bend'm upper aim.bend2/ 1 article. 2 string. 3 obstacle, (barrier) wall. 4 delay, detention. bend3/ prohibition, ban. bend4 n slave, servant, benda adv (li) ~ (yek?/ti?tekl) b?n/ man/sekin?n vi wait for (sb/sth), await. Ez li - w? sekin?me. I am waiting for him. Ma tu li ~ w? y?? Are you waiting for him? Ez seetekê li ~ w? mam. I waited for him for one hour, bendav/dam.bende1 n slave, servant. -ger?/slavery. ~y? n prisoner. bende2 see benda.bender/harbour, port, sek?ya ~ê quay, embankment, benderuh n creature. bendewar1 adj sympathetic, -if sympathy. bendewar2 adj related ( to), connected (with), bendê see benda. bendgore m garter, bendik m 1 see benik. 2 hyphen, bendir m young ram. bend? n prisoner; slave. -xane /prison, bendname/treaty, agreement, contract, benef? see binef?. benerx adj lilac-coloured. beng1/ 1 hashish. 2 henbane. beng2/ impassioned love or admiration; fascination, benik m short string, ben??t see ben??t.ben?1 m a sweet confection made of nuts or almonds coated with dry grape molasses. ben?2 n servant; slave; man (in related to God).ben??t tn gum, chewing gum. -? adj gummy.benz?n f Fr benzine, (Brit.) petrol, beok adj dirty, ugly.beq n frog.beqal n A grocer, ~?/grocery, business of a grocer.beqlawe/sweet pastry cut into diamondshaped pieces. ber1 m stone, rock.ber2 m 1 product, result. 2 crop, yield. 3 fruit, off spring. 4 income. ~ avêtin vt abort. ~ girtin vt be inseminated, be fertilized, -dar adj fruitful, profitable, -dar b?n vi succeed, be fruitful. ber3/group of 30.ber4 m 1 front. 2 direction. ~e xwe dan (dereke/ti?tek?) vt turn towards, direct (os.) towards. - bi prep against, towards. - bi ve prep towards, li - prep in front of. (li) - an?n vt discover, (li) - yavan raxistin vi disclose, make public, (li) - ger?n vi beg, plea. (H) ~ xistin vt 1 state. 2 make (sb) understand. ber5 m: ji - kirin vt memorize, learn by heart, ji - zan?n vt know by heart. bera1 adv: ~ (yek?) dan vt 1 run after, chase. 2 defeat. - pê (yek?) dan vt follow, pursuit.bera2 adv: ~ (ti?tek?/derekê ) dan vt pour into sth.beraber see beramber. beraday? adj 1 abandoned, deserted. 2 forsaken. 3 vagabond, vagrant. 4 mad, insane.beraf?/discussion, deliberation, berafiin (biberêfe) vt attenuate, beramber adj.n 1 in equilibrium, equal, equivalent. 2 opposite, face to face, opposing each other. -? / opposition. ~t? / equality, beran m ram. beranber see beramber. beranek/thumb. beran?n1 / imagination. beran?n2 (berb?ne) vt imagine, beraqil adj reasonable, berar?/subsidy, bera?o/ washing (clothes, etc), bera?tin see bira?iin. berate/ 1 carcass. 2 remnant, remainder, beravefin / abortion, beraz n pig.berbad adj 1 ruined, spoilt, useless. 2 very bad, dreadful, disgusting. ~(?) ??n vi (an opportunity) be missed, berbajar m outskirts, suburbs, berbang/dawn. berbanik m terrace.berbar n 1 carrier, bearer. 2 responsibility, burden, xwe dan ber bar(ê yek?) vt help, support (sb), take the responsibility, berbaran / umbrella, berbat ree berbad. ber baz n noncommissioned officer, ber beden/ prostitute, berbejn/ amulet, written charm, berbelav adj wide, roomy. berber1 n competitor, rival, -ekan?/ antagonism. ~?/enmity, hostility, rivalry. berber2 nit barber; hairdresser. -?/t?/the profession of a barber, hairdressing, berbere see berberi, berberi adj worth, equivalent of. berbero/sunflower, berbero?k/place exposed to sun, sunny corner.berbest? /defence. berbeyan(?) / dawn.berbi?av adj obvious, outstanding, concrete, cleai', evident. ~ kirin vt show, present, make public, perform, ber bi hevprep towards (one another). ~ an?n vt bring near- one another, approximate (sth) to. - ??n vi approach, come close to one another. ~ hatin vi approach, come close to one another, berbijêr see berjêr. berbijor see berjor. berbiro see berbero. ber bisk ? hairpin,berb?(k) n women sent to fetch the bride, berb?k?/flower-bed.Bereis/ Jupiter, ber?av see berbi?av. ber?av(i)k/spectacles, glasses.Ber?ile / December, ber??n adj jealous, envious, berd m stone, rock.berdan (berde)1 vt 1 leave. 2 let go, drop. 3 give up. 4 (let) grow (beard, hair). 5 release. 6 abandon. 7 divorce. Mincixareberda. I gave up smoking. Wi jina xwe berda. He divorced his wife. Dest/dev ji wi berde. Leave him alone. Wi riya xwe berda. He let his beard grow. Kerê berde. Let the donkey go. berdan2 / song (sung when threshing wheat).berdandest/truce, berdarazi/prejudice, berdayin / demonstration, berdeborin/permit, pass, leave of passing, berdest adj ready, prepared, n servant, slave. ~ kirin vt make ready. ~ik n servant. ~i n follower, person in (sb’s) order, berdevk m clown, buffoon, berdewam adj continuous, constant. ~ b?n vi last, continue, be continued. - kirin vt continue, go on doing (sth). ~if continuation, duration, continuity, berdewazi / waiting, berdel/value, worth; equivalent, substitute. ji ~a adv instead (of), berdêl?/ exchange of girls between two families in order to marry their sons, berdêlk see berdêl?. berdil adj dear, beloved, berdilk/apron, smock, bib. berd?? adj.n vagabond, tramp. bere1 m part. ~ ~ adv gradually, step by step. bere2 m mil front. bere3 adj plain, simple, berendam n 1 candidate, nominee, candidate for nomination. 2 reserve member, berepa? adv backwards, berev see berhev. berevker see berhevker. beresp? m grey stone, berevok see berhevok.Berewpayiz / August. berê1 adv 1 formerly, in the past. 2 first, in first, at first. 3 before, ago. Serbest ~ ?? Serbest went in first, (ji) ~ de. all along, for a long time. berê2: ~ yek? dan resist, berer??/counter-attack, counter-offensive, berêz adj respectable, honorable, berf / snow. ~ bar?n/dahatin vi snow. Berfdibare/datê.Itis snowing, -girtin (for snow) stick. ~avej / snow-plough.Berf dibare/datê. It is snowing, -girtin (for snow) stick. ~avêj / snow-plough, -dimsk / snow mixed with molasses, -ende / avalanche. ~mal / spade-like tool for sweeping snow from roofs, -mer? m snowman, berf?reh adj roomy, wide, spacious, berft/ lily, hot Lilium. berfin(k) fbot snowdrop, berg / cover, berge see bergeh.bergeh /horizon; view, panorama, scene, scenery.berger n manager, director, ber gerandin vt manage, direct. ~an?/man-agement.bergerin/begging, imploring, entreaty, pleading, li ber germ vi beg, entreat, implore.bergew kirin vt plug, stuff up, block, bergiri adj fruitful, productive. bergir2 adj in defensive; defender. bergiri1 / fruitfulness, productiveness. bergiri2/precaution, measure; defence, berg?/the place opposite, view, berguhk / headphone, earphone, berhem n 1 work, work of art, written work, opus. 2 product, -dar/der adj fruitful, productive.ber hev adv face to face, facing one another, together, avêtin - vt engage in a contest of poetic repartee. ~ dan vt compete, rival. - kirin vt heap; pick up; collect, gather; save (money), dan ~ vt compare, rab?n ~ vi start quarrelling or fighting.berhevda gram comparative, berhevdan/dispute, argument; competition.berhevkar n anthologist; collector; tax collector.berhevker/ electr collector, battery, berhevok /1 anthology. 2 collection, berhewa adj futile.berhilanln/harvest, ber hilan?n vr harvest.berik/see bêrik 2. berik m bullet, beriqandin see biriqandin.beriq?n see biriq?n. beristan see beristan. beri?tin see bira?tin. ber?zandin (biberiz?ne) vt make wild, cause (sb/sth) to be out of control, beriz? adj wild, mad, undisciplined, in heat, in rut.beriz?n1 (biberize) v/ 1 get wild, get mad. 2 argue, fight. beriz?n2/disagreement, conflict. beri1 adv before. Ew ~ min ??. He went before me. ~ ku before. B~ ku ez herim Before I go. B- Zay?nê (BZ) Before Christ (BC). ber?2 adj simple, plain. beri3: ~ yek? dan vi resist (sb). ber?4 adj deprived (of). beri1 / desert, dry land. beri2/oak. beri3 see bera2. beriq n,adj A (sth) shining, beristan /desert.berjewend?/benefit, advantage, interest, berjer prep down, downwards, (ser) ~ b?n vi go downwards. ~ ??n vi go downwards. ~ kirin vt lower, berjor adv up, upwards. ~ bun vi go up. - ??n vi go up. - kirin vt raise, make higher.berk1 see birk. berk2 n material. berk3 m small leaf, berkan?k/ sling, berkar n 1 waiter. 2 apprentice, berkaz / loophole (in a fortification), window.berkel adj: li ~ê half boiling, about to boil, berke?ok/round metal tray, berketin/sadness, sorrow, (li) ber ketin vi be or feel sorry about, be or feel sad about.berket? adj estimable, worthy of esteem, important.berkêr adj (animals) fit or ready for slaughter.berke?an / production, berke?er n producer. berke?k/1 drawer. 2 table, berkirdar see berkirde.berkirde fgram object, berko?/ apron.berlêgirtin / prevention, ber lê girtinvr prevent; stop; block; waylay, berlêker /prefix forming verbs, berm see berm.bermal?/girl or woman whocontrols the housework, housewife, wife, bermax/cigarette paper. bermaye,bermay?/ remnant, residue, berm?l/barrel, cask, bername/programme, plan of action, bernas adj proper, nave ~ m proper noun, bernav m surname; gram pronoun, bernex?n adj upside down, head down, berovaca adj inside out. ~ kirin vr turn (sth) inside out. beroj see biro, bero?/pot (cooking), berpê: - b?n vi be formed, be constituted. -??n/approach. ber pê ??n vi get doser, approach, -hatin/approach. ber pê hatin vi get closer, approach. ~y? / reaction.berpe?kirin / presentation, submitting (sth). ber pe? kirin vt present (sth) to (sb), present (sb) with (sth), submit, berpirs/comment, respoase. ~iyar n,adj representative; responsible, -iyar?/responsibility.berq/1 gleam, flash, sparkle. 2 lightning.berqe see perde.berran fanai groin.berreng adj hard, like stone.berroj see biro.berr?k/ veil.bersiv see bers?v.bers?ng kirin vr embrace, hug.bers?v / answer, reply. ~ dan vr answer,reply. - kirin vr answer, reply.bers?vandin (bibers?v?ne) vr answer, reply.bersork ? bullfinch.berstu / collar.berta n pat symptom.bertav(ik) f parasol.berfil / bribe. - dan vr give bribes. ~kirin vr bribe sb. ~ stendin vr takebribes. ~ xwarin vr take bribes.bert?lxur n, adj (person) who takes bribes.ber? m mast, acorn. ~yê malan mast. ~yê pez acorn.ber?met n anal nasolabial fold, bervaj? adjj contrary; against; reverse; opposite. - b?n vi be distorted, be inverted. - kirin vt distort; invert, ji ~ ve adv on the contrary, bervale adj wretched, miserable, ber ve see ber bi ... ve. berve adj humpbacked, hunchbacked, bervedêr n lawyer, bervekir? adj roomy. berwar1 /date (day, month, year). berwar2 m slope, berx n lamb.berxesar / indemnity, compeasation. ~ dan vr compensate.berxu(r)dar adj happy, prosperous. libel Thanks!berxwar n coasumer. ber xwarin vr consume, -inf/coasumption. berxwedan/resistaace, enduraace. (li) ber xwe dan vt resist, endure. ~?/resistance, endurance,berxwedar adj happy, prosperous, berxwekefin / embarrassment, feeling ashamed, (li) ber xwe ketin vi feel ashamed, be embarrassed, berxwesekin? at#polite, serious-minded, berxwêr / large estate, large land, berz adj high. ~ b?n vi be high, rise. ~ kirin vr raise, ~?/height. berzabit n noncommissioned officer, berze adj lost, missing. ~ kirin vt lose. berzik1 m anat pudenda (vulva). berzik2/hair on genital area. bes1 adj enough. - b?n vi be enough, suffice. - kirin vr 1 stop. 2 be content with, be satisfied with, dan - kirin vr cause (sb) to stop, make (sb) stop, ne - not only; not enough. bes2 adv but; only; except bes3/ news.besay? / sufficiency, adequacy. besifi / contentment. best1 / enthusiasm. - lê rab?n vi get enthusiastic, become exuberant. best2/flat wide place. best3 f A comfort.besterobar m river-bed. be?tin vt tie. bestir m fabric.be?1 m 1 share. 2 part; sector. ~ kirin vt share, divide up. be?2 / meaning, be?aret A see mizg?n, be?avend / rhyme, bê ~ adj unrhymed, not rhyming, bi - adj rhyming, rhymed.be?dar ? participant, associate, partner, share-holder. ~ b?n vt participate. ~? / participation, participate, -van n invited guest; participant.be?ekirin/understanding, be?e kirin vrunderstand.be?ik f amt frontal eminence, be?i?andin (bibe?i??ne) vt make sb smile, be?i??n (bibe?i?e) vt smile, be?t m beam.be???andin (bibe????ne) vt satisfy, he???? adj satisfied, bet n bustard, zoo Otis, betal adj A 1 unemployed, jobless. 2 invalid, null. - bun vi be/become unemployed; be/become invalid, be/become null. ~ kirin vt cancel, make invalid. ~ man vi be redundant. ~ etal adj idle, having nothing to do. -? / unemployment, joblessness.betan m lining (of garment), ~ kirin vt line (a garment). betam(ye) M blanket. bet(i)i / tiredness.betilandin (bibetil?ne) vt tire, weary, betili adj tired, - bun vi be tired, betilin (bibe(ile) vi get tired, become tired, betin adj strong, solid. ~ kirin vt reinforce, support, strengthen, betlane / 1 holiday, vacation. 2 rest, pause, break, betle see bet(i)l. beton rn Fr concrete, bex?e m garden, -van n gardener, -vani /gardening; being a gardener, bexden?s / parsley. bex?ende adj merciful. bex??n (bibex?e) vt forgive, excuse, pardon. bex???/ reward, tip, gratuity.bext m 1 honour. 2 conscience. 3 luck, ketin ~ê yek?/xwe avêtin ~ê yeki take refuge behind (sb).Bextebaran/month; from May 21st to June 21st.bextewar adj happy. ~i/happiness. bextewer see bextewar. bextiyar adj happy. ~i/happiness, bextre? adj unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky. —i / unhappiness, misfortune, unluckincss. bextwer see bextewer. bexfxerab,bextxirab see bextre?. bextxwaz n refugee, bextyar see bextiyar. beyaban /desert, adj desolate. beyan(i) / morning. beyar1 adj waste, barren (land). beyar2 m heath, moor, beyaz P see sipi.beyb?n/camomile, bot Anthémis nobilis.beyda see de?t.beyh?de see bêh?de.beytik/ sparrow.beyvok/anat tonsil.bezl/race.bez2 m tallow, suet, fat. ~i adj of tallow, suety.beza adj quick, fast, bezandin (biberine) vt 1 make or let (sb/sth) ran. 2 race (a horse). 3 make (sth) faster, bezdonek see bizonek. bezim see bezm. bezir see bizir. bez?n1 (bibeze) vi run. bez?n2 (bibeze) vi argue, light, bez?yan see bez?n. bezi see camêr? 1. bezlego see qe?mer. bezm / party; meeting, gathering, -a rojb?nê birthday party, bezok adj,n fast (running); defeatist, bezvan n runner.bê1 next; coming. Yek?ema - next Sunday. hefta ~ next week. bê2 prep without; not having; not with; lacking. Ew~pere ?? bajêrHe went to the city without money. bê-3pref-less, without, -daw? endless.bê4 oblique case of ba3.bêaqil adj unreasonable, foolish.bêaqord adj out of tune.bêar adj 1 shameless. 2 troublesome,spoiled (child). ~? / shamelessness;spoiled behaviour.bêaram adj impatient, restless. ~?/impa- hence, restlessness, bê awartey? adv without exception, bêaxir adj endless, eternal. ~?/endlessness, eternity.bêav adj di'y, waterless. ~f / drought, waterlessness, bêba adj windless, bêbar adj unburdened, unloaded bêbaran adj rainless, bêbav adj 1 orphan, fatherless (child). 2 bastard. 3 treacherous, untrustworthy, cruel. -?/l orphanhood, fatherlessness. 2 bastardness. 3 deceit, dishonesty, cruelty, bêbawer adj unbelieving. -?/ unbelief, bêber adj unproductive, unfruitful, bêbergirsiyar adj irresponsible, -if irresponsibility.bêbext adj disloyal, unfaithful, dishonest. ~? / disloyalty, unfaithfulness, betrayal, dishonesty, bêb?ngeh adj baseless, groundless, bêbin? adj bottomless, bêbiryar adj hesitant, undecided. ~ b?n/ man vi be undecided; waver. ~?/hesita- don, undecidedness, hêbizmit adj undisciplined, bêb?hn adj I scentless, odourless. 2 breathless, bêb?n see beyb?n. bêcan adj lifeless; weak, bê?are adj 1 inevitably, of necessity. 2 irreparable, incurable. ~t? / 1 helplessness. 2 lack of means; poverty, bêgek adj unarmed. ~ b?n vi disarm, become disarmed. ~ kirin vr disarm, bê?êj adj 1 tasteless, insipid, vapid (food drink). 2 unsweet, -if tastelessness, insipidity, bê?? see pê??.bêdad adj 1 unjust. 2 cruel. -?/1 injus- hce. 2 cruelty.bêdar?ber adj (land) arid, barren.bêdaw? adj endless, eternal, bêdeng adj quiet, silent quiet and shy. ~ man/sekinin vi bccome/remain silent, t?pên ~ ling consonants. -? / quietness, silence.bêder see bender, bederew adj true.bêderman adj irremediable, incurable, bêdev adj silent quiet, ~i / quietness, silence.bêdeyax adj weak, not enduring, not resistant; impatient bêdê?bav adj orphan, bêdifa adj defenceless. bédii adj unwilling, disinclined, bê dil(ê xwe) adv unwillingly. ~t?/unwillingness, bêeman adj merciless, cruel, bêekll adj flavourless, tasteless, bê etlah? adv continually, continuously, bêfed?oc?shameless, insolent ~ t?/s harne- lessness.bêftde adj useless, ~t?/uselessness. bê fêde adv in vain.bêf?r?k adj changeable, inconstant, bêgan adj strange, foreign, bêgane see bêgan.hêgav adj 1 impossible. 2 obliged, helpless. 3 untimely. ~ man vi be obliged to, become helpless, -t/1 impossibility. 2 helplessness.bêgef adj bold fearless. ~? / courage, boldness.bêguman adj sure, doubtless, bê guman adv surely, certainly, bêguneh adj sinless, innocent, bêhal adj destitute, exhausted weak, -if exhaustion, weakness, bêhavil adj helpless, hopeless, incurable, bêhay adj unconscious, unaware, ignorant. ~ b?n vi be ignorant of, be unaware, be unconscious. ~ h??tin vt make (sb) unconscious, cause (sb) to be unaware, bêhed adj infinite, unlimited, excessive. ~? / excessiveness, bêbedan adj impatient, bê hemd adv 1 forcibly, unwillingly, reluctantly. 2 accidentally, bê hemdê xwe see bê hemd. bê hemd? see bê hemd.bêhempa adj unique, incomparable, bêhengam adj importunate (person). bêhe§ adj 1 fool, stupid. 2 unconscious, faint. ~?/l stupidity. 2 faintness, -kirin vt make (sb) faint, anaesthetize, bêheta adj endless. ~y?/ endlessness, bêhevr? adj unique, incomparable. ~t? / uniqueness.bêhêv? adj hopeless, desperate. rew?ekea hopeless case. ~t? adj hopelessness, despair, desperation.bêhêz adj weak. -?/ weakness. bêhi§ see behe?. behi?? see b?he??. behi?t see bihi?t. bêhn see b?hn.bêhnijandin (bibêhnij?ne) vt 1 make (sb) yawn. 2 make (sb) sneeze, bêhnij?n (bibêhnije) vi 1 drop off, doze.2 yawn. 3 sneeze, bêhnfeng see b?hnfeng. bêhnteng? see b?hnteng?. bêhurmet adj disrespectful, bêh?de adv in vain.-bêj suffforming nouns, eg: dengbêj, sitranbêj. bêje1/ word. - - word by word, -dar?/ contact, -dar? kirin vt make contact with.ne- perforce, like it or not.bêje2/literature. ~y? adj literary, -van/ zan n person engaged in literature, bêjekar n speaker, bêjen see bêjing. bêjer see bêjekar. bêjik/mane (of an animal), bêj imar adj countless, innumerable, numberless.bêjin adj single, unmarried, divorced (man), bêjing / screen, sieve, li -é xistin vt screen, sieve. - kirin vt sieve, screen, bêj? n bastard; brat. ~l?/bastardy, bêjn see pêjn. bêjok n chatterbox.bêkar1 adj unemployed, idle. -?/unemployment, idleness. bêkar2n,adj bachelor; unmarried, bêkes adj 1 lonely. 2 orphan. ~? / 1 loneliness. 2 orphanhood, bêkêf adj in bad humour, unhappy, joyless, bêkêmas? adj complete, perfect ~l? /completeness, perfection, bêkêr adj 1 useless, vain. 2 unfaithful. 3 ungrateful. -?/uselessness;unfaithfulness. bê ku prep without, bel see mer.bêla / double-storeyed house, bêlan/stage, phase, bêlête / a Krd folk dance, bêmad adj 1 having no appetite. 2 pale. 3 sullen, sour-faced.bêmal adj homeless. ~t?/homelessness, bêmane adj meaningless. ~t?/meaninglessness.bêmar see nexwe?.bêmej? adj brainless, stupid. ~ti/ stupidity.bêmicêz? / anorexia.bêmirês see bêmir?z.bêmir?z adj ugly, sour-faced, angry looking.bên see b?hn.bêna adj everlasting, endless, bênam?s adj dishonourable, immoral, unvirtuous. -? / dishonourableness; unchasteness.bê nan ? xwê adj ungrateful, bênat/species of fig. bênav adj nameless, unknown, bênavxwed? adj anonymous. /anonymity. bênder/1 threshing, stack of grain ready for threshing. 2 harvest, bên?n (bibêne) vt smell (sth). bên?k adj vastly wide, boundless, bêoxir see bêyom.bêpar adj deprived (of). - b?n vi be deprived (of). - hi?tin vt deprive. - kirin vt deprive. - man vi be deprived (of), bêpayan adj endless, bêpejn adj quiet, still, tranquil, calm. ~? /tranquillity, calmness, bêpere adj 1 see bela?. 2 penniless, bêperwa adj 1 fearless, unafraid. 2 unconcerned (about others), impetuous, bêpeyv adj silent, not speaking, bêpê n zool Apoda.bêp.?van adj 1 measureless, incalculable. 2 unlimited, unbounded, bêqam adj (water) out of one’s depth, above one’s head, bê qeyd? ?ert adv unconditionally, bêr/1 oar, paddle. 2 shovel, spade.bêrehm adj merciless, pitiless. ~?/mer- cilessness, pitilessness, bêreng adj colourless. ~?/colourlessness, bêrê adj illegal, bad (manner), immoral. ~t?/immorality, illegality, bêrêz adj out of order, disorderly, irregular, ~?/disorder, irregularity, bêrik/ 1 amt shoulder-blade, scapula. 2 dustpan, small shovel. bêr?1 /longing, yearning, pining. ~ kirin vt miss, pine, long for. Ew ~ya te dike. He misses you.bêrr/milkingfan animal), milking place, -van n person who milks animals, milkmaid, bêr?k/ pocket. ~a pa??ye/hip-pocket, bêrm/pool, small lake, tarn, bêro adj ugly.bêrok/1 oar. 2 anat shoulder-blade, beruh adj lifeless; dull; weak, bêr? adj shameless, brazen-faced. ~t? /shamelessness.bêr?met adj (person) lacking in selfrespect, dishonorable. ~? / lack in self-respect, dishonour, bêr?n adj oilless, greaseless, bêsebeb see bêsedem. bêsebr adj impatient, hasty. ~? / impatience, hastiness.bêsedem adj vain, bê sedem adv in vain, for nothing.beseri1 adj silly, foolish, stupid. ~t? / stupidity.bêserr adj headless, without a leader, bêser?ber adj disorderly, untidy, disorganized. -?/t?/disorder, untidiness, bêser?pa adj inconsistent, bêsik?m see bêmir?z. bêsim/ walkie-talkie, radio set, wireless, bês?re m unripe grape, bêsoz adj untrustworthy, best an see bistan.bês?ar adj defenceless, helpless, without a shelter.bês?c adj innocent.b??/fine, tax, dues, grant, donation, tribute. bê§e m profession, occupation, be?ekir adj unsugared, unsweetened, be?erm adj shameless, insolent, brazen. ~?/ insolence, shamelessness.be?en adj weak, incompetent, powerless, bê ?ik adv certainly, of course, surely, bê?ixul adj unemployed, jobless, be??r adj milkless, without milk, bêta adj matchless, unrivalled, bêtam adj 1 tasteless, insipid. 2 vapid, dull. -?/insipidness, vapidity, bêtawan adj guiltless, innocent, bêtebat adj impatient. -?/impatience. bête§e adj 1 shapeless, amorphous. 2 ugly. ~t?/uashapeliness, ugliness, bêtevger rgd inactive. ~i/inaction, bêtêl/wireless, walkie-talkie, radio set. bêtifaq? / disagreement bêtir adj,adv more. ~ b?n vi increase, become greater in size, number, etc. - kirin vt increase, make greater in size, number, etc.bêtir?n n,adj maximum; most bêtirs adj fearless, brave, bold. ~?/fear- lessness, bravery, boldness, bêtiwan adj powerless, weak, exhausted. ~T / weakness.bê?cdan adj unfair, unjust. ~\f unfairness, bêvan adv so and so; such and such, filan - and so on.bêvên adj weak, listless, irresolute, bêvêr? adj hopeless, bêvil/I nose. 2 nasal cavity. 3 nasal bones, bêv?r adj bad ridden, bêwe? adj barren. ~t/barrenness, bê westan adv untiringly, bêxebat adj idle, unemployed, bêxem adj carefree, bêxeter adj dangerless, undangerous, riskless, bêxew adj sleepless. ~ man vi not to have had any sleep. ~\f lack of sleep, sleeplessness, insomnia, bêxêr adj good-for-nothing, useless, bêx?ret adj lacking zeal. ~?/lack of zeal, bêxof adj fearless, intrepid, bêxulq adj bad-tempered, bêxweda adj godless. ~t?/godlessness, bêxwed? adj 1 lonely. 2 abandoned, uncontrolled. 3 ownerless. ~ti / loneliness; ownerlessness; lack of a protector, bêxwê adj saltless, unsalted, bêy? ku prep without bêyom adj unlucky, ill-omened, inauspicious.bêzar1 adj tired, bored, annoyed, - kirin v( bore, annoy. ~\f annoyance. bêzar2 see bêziman. bêziman adj silent, innocent; speechless, tongue-tied.bêzirav adj timid, pusillanimous. ~?/timidity. bi1 prep with, by. ~ Irène by train. - kêrekê with a knife. -... re with. - min re with me.bi2 prefto the imperative, optative and future tense. Bime?e. Em bime?in. Ew ê bin?e?e. bi3 prefforming adj andadv, eg: ba (wind), biba (windy); mêrxas? (bravery), bi mêrxas? (bravely), biaqil see baqil. biadan adj nutritive, nourishing, biaqord adj in tune, bi a yek? kirin vt follow sb’s advice, biband?r adj effective; influential, biber adj 1 wide. 2 fruitful, productive, bi berdewam? adv continuously, continually. Bibex?e (Bibex?in)! Sorry! Excuse me! Pardon!bibext adj faithful, loyal, bibê nebê adv perforce, inevitably. Bibihure! Sorry! Excuse me! bi biryardari udv resolutely, stubbornly. Bibore! (Li min) - Sony! Excuse me! bi carekê adv at once, suddenly; at a time, bic? adj settled, sedentary. - an?n vt carry out, perform or execute (an order, a wish, etc.). ~ b?n vi settle, settle in, move into, -b?y? adj permanent, lasting; settled, established. - kirin vt put, place, set, fill, install (sb/sth in a place/sth). bicun see bij?n. bi ?alak? adv quickly, actively, bi ?avsor?ok furiously, fearlessly, resolutely, bi?êj adj tasty, delicious, flavoured. - kirin vt flavour, bi ?ing?n? adv resounding, bi?rik see hevr??k. bi??k adj small.bi dar ve adj hanging, suspended. - kirin vt hang (a person), suspend, bi dem? adv periodically, bideng adj voweled, aloud, bi dereng? adv belatedly. ~ kefin vi be/ become late. - xistin vf delay.bi dest xistin vt get, obtain, bi dev,bi devk? adv orally, verbally, bi dil ? can adv sincerely, from the heart, bi diz? adv secretly, bi domdan adv continuously, continually, bi dor adv, adj in turn, one by one; alternate. ~ halin vi alternate, biedeb adj polite, biekil adj tasteful, tasty, bier? adj muddy, miry, bifede adj useful, worthwhile, bi gazin adj,adv reproachful; reproachfully, complainingly. bi gelemper? adv generally, bi gir?ng? adv importantly, bi gor? kirin vt sacrifice (to), biguhan adj mammal, biguman adj suspicious; anxious, worried, uneasy, bi guman adv suspiciously, anxiously, bih see blyok.biha m,adj price, value, expense; expensive. - bun vi increase in price, be/ become expensive. - kirin vt increase the price.bihagiran adj valuable; expensive, bihar/ spring. B~a Navln April. B~a Pa??n May. B-a Pe??n March, biharat / spices, biha?t see bihi?t.bibatin adj fertile, fruitful, productive, bihat? see bihay?. bi hawari adv quickly, hastily, bihay?/expensiveness, inflation, bihed adj bounded, limited, bi hemd adv on purpose, intentionally, deliberately, biher? adj muddy, miry, bi hev re adv together, gi? ~ altogether, bihêrs adj angry, furious, enraged, bi hêrs adv angrily, furiously, bihêv? adj hopeful, bi hêv? adv hopefully.bihêz adj powerful, strong, resistant. ~ kirin vt strengthen, bi hêz adv emphatically, insistently; by force, bihin see b?hn. bihir?n see bihurtin. bihirtin see bihurtin.bihi? adj wise, clever, intelligent; conscious. ~ ? zana adj wise, bihi?t/ paradise, heaven, bih?n see b?hn. bih?ndar see b?hndar. bi hi?yar? adv intelligently, wisely, bih?sievan n listener, bih?stin (bibihize) vt hear, bih?stok / 1 earpiece of a telephone, telephone handset. 2 (radio, telephone) receiver. 3 telephone. 4 hearing-aid. bih?styar1 adj auditory, bih?styar2 adj sensitive. ~?/sensitivity, bihn see b?hn.bihn?n? m grassy spot, meadow, bihnvedan / respiration, bihok see b?hok..bihortin (bibihore) see bihurtin. bihost see bihust. bi hov?t? adv wildly, bihtir see bêtir.bihuj?n (bibihuje) vi melt down, bihurandin (bibihurine) vt pass (sth), pass (sth) through (sth). bihurin (bibihure) vi see bihurtin. bihurtin (bibihure) vi 1 pass, pass by. 2 forgive. 3 be overripe, bi yek? re ~ vi happen (to).bihust/maximum distance between tips of thumb and little finger, handspan. bihu?t see bihi?t.bijan adj 1 unhealthy, sick, 2 troubled, bijandin (bibij?ne) vt (dilê yek?) - arouse (sb’s) appetite or desire, bijang see bijank. bijank m eyelash, bijare see bijarte.bijarte adj unique, distinguished, outstanding; selected, chosen, bijartek/alternative, choice, bijartin (bibijêre) vt choose, select, bijart? adj selected chosen, bijerandin see bijartin. bij?1 int Bravo! Well done! Long live! bijf n mane (of an animal), bij?jk see b?j??k.bij?n (bibije) vi dil(ê yek?) - feel a desire (for).bij?r adj intelligent, clever. ~? / intelligence, wisdom, bij?re? m species of wheat, bij??k n doctor, physician. ~? 1 adj medical, hygienic, healthful. 2 / medicine, medical science. ~t? / profession of a doctor, being a doctor/phsycian. blj?n adj healthy. - kirin vt cure. ~dar adj healthy, -if health, healthiness, bikar adj employed, bikaran?n /use. bi kar an?n vt use. bikat adj timely.biken adj smiling, bi ken adv smilingly, bikêf adj delighted marry, bi kêf adv delightedly, merrily, biker adj useful, bi kêr(? yek?) hatin vi be useful to sb. ~hat? adj efficient, useful, bikir?? n customer, bi kotek? adv forcefully, bi kurt? adv shortly, briefly, bil prep ji - except.bila used with optative expressing desire or wish ~ be all right. B~ here. Tell him/her to go, Let him/her go. bilan? gram optative, bilasebeb see belasebeb. bilav see belav. bilbil / nightingale. bilbile,bilbilok/tap (water), bilez adj quick, hasty, fast, bi lez adv quickly, hastily, fast. ~ kirin vt speed (sth) up, accelerate.bilet//> ticket. ~birn ticket seller, ticket taker, -dank / ticket machine, -geh / ticket window, ticket booth, bilêvkirin/pronunciation, bi lêv kirin vt pronounce, bilh see ehmeq?. bilik m (child language) penis, bilind ad/high. - bun virise. - kirin vt raise. bilindah?,bilinday?/height. bilindbêj adj,n talking bull, full of bull; wise-acre.bilindce,bilindcih,bilindec? m high place, height, bilindek/circumflex, bilind?ne adj supreme, bilindpaye adj valuable, estimate, bilindxan? m apartment. bil?1 prep ji - except; furthermore, moreover.bili2 adj busy, engaged, (bi fi?teki) ~ b?n vi work on, be busy (with), be engaged. Ew bi karê xwe bil? b?. He was busy with his work, bil?kar?/occupation, job. bilin (bibile) vi pê ~ work on, be busy with, biliyan see bilin. bilo1 /spider.bilo2 (child language) penis, bilq / ~(e)~ bubbling sound. B~(e)~a avê ye The water is boiling, bilqin (bibilqe) vi boil up, bubble noisily, bil?l/spout (of teapot, etc), bil?r / shepherd’s pipe, flute, -van n piper, flutist, bimbarek see piroz. bin1 m under side, the space below, bottom. bin2 prep,adv di ~ de under, di ~ masen?sê de under the desk, li - under, li - masen?sê under the desk, di ~... re under. Em di ~ pire re derbasb?n We passed under the bridge, bina?e m generation, binani/foundation, bina tar /foot of hill, binav adj sunk, submerged. ~ b?n vi submerge, sink, ~ kirin vt submerge (sth), sink (sth). binavkiri adj definite, binav?deng adj famous, well-known. ~? /fame, reputation, binaxe/basis, foundation, bincil m 1 linen. 2 underwear. ~ kirin vt hide, bingav kirin vt put (sb) under house arrest, arrest, bingeng m arm-pit.bingine/foundation, basis. ~y?/bin??n? adj fundamental, basic, bingok/popliteal space, bindehlok/snow drop, bot Galanthus nivalis, bindeq/ hazelnut, dar-/hazel (tree), bindest adj oppressed, under occupation, dependent. ~ kirin vt occupy, enslave, subjugate, capture. ~i / slavery, subjugation, bindiq see bindeq. binec? n resident, inhabitant, native, local, binef? / violet, bot Viola odorata. ~a belek? pansy, bot Viola tricolor hortensis.~? m, adj violet.binerd m underground, ketin ~ ê/- b?n vi go underground. ~ kirin vt hide, bury, -in adj of underground, underground, binerdik/variety of turnip, binev? see binef?. bi nermi adv slowly, softly, gently, bine?t see ben??t. binge see bingeh.bingeh/basis, foundation, base. -in adj basic, major, fundamental. ~ok/rulc, regulation, -zinian see rêziman. bin ha r? / mourning, binik/ small plate used under teacups, bini m bottom, underside, di ~ de at the bottom, under. ~ kirin vt sole (shoes), binketi adj defeated, beaten, binkol m hoe, mattock. ~ kirin vt hoe. binpê m sole of foot, binrex / mattress, binta adj poor quality, shoddy, binlat?/ species of grape, binyad m 1 foundation, basis. 2 building, binyan / building, binzik m amt lower abdomen, birehne see taz?. biofisik ? polecat, bipere adj rich, in the money, bi pê damn vt prove, ascertain, bip?van adj measured, biq / — 1 sound of boiling water. 2 laughter. —a yek? b?n/b?n —a yeki vi burst into laughter.bi qas? adv as...as, by the amount of. Ez ~ te drêj im. I am as tall as you. bir m 1 part. 2 crowd. 3 shallow place in rivers, bir m eyebrow.bira1 m brother. ~t?/brotherhood; close friendship. bira2 see bila. bira3 see bi rast?. birah / atmosphere.birakuj n,adj fratricide, fratricidal. ~?/ fratricide.birandin (bibir?ne) vt extirpate, eradicate, wipe out, destroy. birandox1 adj stubborn. birandox2 n agricultural labourer, harvester, reaper.bi rast? adv truly, really, actually, in fact, bira?tin (bibirêje) vt fry, roast, bira?t? adj fried, roasted, biraza see birazê. biraza va m bridegroom’s best man. birazê,biraz? n nephew, niece (brother’s), birbir/uproar. ~a yek? b?n/kirin - be uproarious, make a big fuss, bire/I tower, bastion. 2 castle, fortress, bir?? adj hungry. ~ b?n vi be/get hungry. ~yê fi?teki b?n vi hunger for sth. bir??n / hunger, ji ~a mirin vi starve, grewa -é hunger-strike, bir??t?/hunger.bireh adj 1 muscle-bound, muscular. 2 strong, birek/saw. ~ kirin vt saw. bireserf gram object. birew§ adj 1 splendid. 2 shining, bi rê kirin vt send; see (sb) off. birêvebir n,adj (the) executive, birêvebirin/ execution, carrying out. bi rê ve birin vt carry out,manage, execute, birêve??n/walk. bi re ve ??n vi walk, birêz adj orderly, tidy, birêz see berêz.birh1/ power, strength, -a avê power oramount of running water.birh2 see bin.birhan see delfl.birik adj nervous; stubborn.birin (hibe) vt lake, take away, carry off,lead (to a result or a place). - ser vtattack. ~ ser? vt complete, achieve, bixwe re/digel xwe ~ vt take with (os).birine'/rice.birine2 m brass.birince??r/a rice pudding.birincok m gauze, tulle.biring/shears, scissors.birini fadj final.biriqandin (bibiriq?ne) vt polish, burnish, biriq?n (bibiriqe) vi shine, biri?lin see bira?tin. biri m eyebrow.birin (bibire) vt 1 cut, cut off, cut down (a tree). 2 wound by cutting. 3 clip, shear. 4 hinder, block, stop, birin/I wound, injury. 2 pain, wound, hurt, sorrow, injury (of feeling or heart).Dilê w? bi~ e. His heart is heavy with sorrow (of love, etc.). ~ b?n vi be wounded, be injured. ~ kirin vt hurt, injure, birindar adj,n wounded, injured; wounded or injured person. Wan - rakirin nexwe?xane. They took the injured people to the hospital. ~ b?n vi be injured/ wounded. - kirin vt hurt, injure, bir?npê? n dresser, person who dresses wounds, bir?n pê?andin vt dress (a wound), birjandin vt cauterize, broil, birjank see bijank. birk/pool, swimming pool, birmut/snuff. birs? see bir??.biro,biroj adv daytime, in or on daytime, by day, during the day. biro? see bero?. bir? see biri, bir?sk / lightning, bir?ske / telegram.biryar/ decision. ~ dan vt decide, make a decision, make up one ’ s mind. ~ girjin/ stendin vt decide (to), make a decision, biryardar adj,n resolute, determined; decision-maker. ~? / resolution, determination; decision-making, biryarname/decree, ordinance, bis / a little while, moment, instant. ~kekê/kê/k? for a little while. Ez ê ~kê bisekinim I will stop (wait) for a little while, bisam /1 particle. 2 parcel (of land), bisemt adj suitable, biserhat?/ event, experience; adventure, biserketin / win, achievement, accomplishment, success, bi ser ketin vi win, achieve, accomplish, succeed in. biser?ber adj tidy, well-organized, orderly. ~? / orderliness, tidiness, bi ser ve ??n vi call in on, step by (to see sb), drop in on (sb).biservehat? adj perfect, harmonious, regular,biserxwe adj independent, -b?n/independence. bi serê xwe b?n vi be independent. ~t?/y? / independence, bisêlak adj sandy.bisk1 m lock, lock of hair falling over side of face.bisk2 see b?sk. bismar see bizmar. bist see bis.bi s?d adj useful. , bi ?ad? adv gladly, happily, bi?aftin see bi?avtin. b? ?ah? adv with pleasure, gladly, happily, bi?are / present, gift bi?avtin (bibi?eve) vt 1 melt, dissolve. 2 assimilate.bi?ekir adj sugared, with sugar, bi?ev adj, adv by night, at night. bi?ewat adj 1 touching, moving. 2 biting, harsh, bi?ik adj suspicious, doubtful, bi ?ik adv suspiciously, doubtfully, bi??r adj milky, with milk, bi?kaftin see bi?kuvandin. bi?kif?n see bi?kuv?n. bi?kiv?n see bi?kuv?n. bi?kivtin see bi?kuv?n. bi?ko see bi?kok- bi?koj see bi?kok- bi?kojk see bi?kok. bi?kok /1 bud (of a plant). 2 button. 2 electric switch, bi?ko?k see bi?kok. bi?kul m droppings of goats and sheep, bi?kuvandin (bibi?kuv?ne) vt unstitch, unravel.bi?kuv? adj unstitched, unravelled, bi?kuv?n (bibi?kuve) vi 1 be unstitched or unraveled. 2 (a flower) open, bitebat adj patient, bi tebat adv patiently, bi tena xwe see bi tenê. bi tenê adj,adv alone, only, by os. Ez ~ b?m. I was alone, bi tevay? adv altogether; generally, bi texm?n? adv roughly, approximately, bi têkray? adj by mutual agreement, bitil/bottle.bitir adj insolent, arrogant, haughty, bi tund? adv resolutely, strongly, biv int. addressed to a child Don’t! Biv e! It’s hot/dangerous! It will hurt! bi vacay? adv on the contrary, biva?tin (bibive?e) vt dissolve, bivêje n chatter-box. bivê neve adv perforce, necessarily, inevitably. bivênevêy? / necessity, inevitability.bivir m ax, axe. biwartin see bihartin. biwêj /idiom, term. ~? adj idiomatic, biw?k see b?k- bi xemg?n? adv sadly, bixêr? see pixêr?. bixêr?g see pixêr?. bixêr?ber adj fruitful, productive, bix?ret adj zealous, bixur/incense, -dank/censer, bi xwe adv oneself, by oneself, personally. Ez ê bi xwe bipirsim. I will personally ask.bi xwe ber adv by oneself, oneself; automatically.Bi Xwedê! I swear by God. bixwed? adj owned, engaged, bi xwed? kirin vt 1 bring up (a child). 2 feed, fatten (an animal), bixwê adj salty, salted, biyaban see beyaban, biyan? adj,n strange, foreign; stranger, foreigner, biyok/quince, bizaftin see bizaftin. bizandin (bibiz?ne) vt scare sb out of their wits. Pis?kê ew bizand. The cal scared her out of her wits, bi zaney? adv 1 wisely, cleverly. 2 see bizank?.bizank? adv intentionally, knowingly, on purpose. W? ew ~ avêt. He threw it on ar?: ~ (yek?) kirin vt imitate, mimic. bizav1 adj active, busy, moving, bizar/ 1 motion, movement. 2 revolution, bizavtin vf 1 move, cause (sb/sth) to move. 2 take (to), lead (to); send (to) bizdandin see bizandin. bizd?n see biz?n. bizdonek see bizonek- bizêw adj in / goat, zool Capra hircus. ~do? n person milking ir m 1 linseed oil. 2 flaxseed. 3 seed (of flowers),biziv?n (bibizêve) vi move, move slightly, biz? see biz?.biz?n (bibize) vi be scared out of one’s m n bit (of a bridle).bizmar m nail. - kirin vt nail. - kutan vtnail, drive a nail mare n mari adj cuneiform, niv?sa ~ cuneiform mik m wooden stick (put in lamb’s mouth to prevent them from suckling), bizmil?g m icicle (hanging from eaves), bizmit/onek n,adj coward, fearful (person). ~tif timidity, cowardice, fearfulness, bi zor(ê) adv 1 hardly, with difficulty. 2 forcibly, by ot m 1 burning wooden stick, torch. rik.ut see ?/elm, hot Ulmus.b?1 adj widowed. jin~ / widow. ~t? /widowhood.b?2/willow, hot Salix.b?ber / pepper.b?ber?ye /rosemary.b?bik/pupil (of the eye).b?bil see b?bik.b?b?meto ? parrot.b?bok see b?bik.b?b?n see bey b ?n.b?dar? see hi?yar?.b?h see b?hok.b?hn/1 smell, scent, odour. 2 breath. 3 moment. ~a xwe dan/vekirin vt rest, relax. ~a xwe fireh kirin be patient, take it easy. ~a xwe fireh bike. Take it easy. ~(a fi?teki) stendin vt get an inkling of, get wind of. ~(a yek?) teng kirin vt bore, annoy sb.~ berdan vt breathe out, exhale. ~(a yek?) ?ik?n not to be able to breathe, get out of breath. ~ kirin vt smell. ~ jê hafin smell, have a smell; stink, have a bad smell. ~ pê ketin 1 smell rotten or putrid, stink. 2 become apparent (sth bad). ~ stendin vt breathein, inhale, - stendin ? berdan ?breathe, b?hnag?n / stink, horror smell, b?hndar adj smelling, fragrant, perfumed, odorous.b?hnfireh adj peaceful, patient, tolerant, b?hni?k see bawi?k. b?hnok1/ comma. b?hnok2/odour, scent, b?hnpak? / virtue.b?hnteng adj nervous, irritable. ~? / 1 boredom, anguish. 2 anger, irritation, bad temper, b?hn?n? see bihn?n?. b?hnvedan / respiration. b?hnxwe?/ perfume, fragrance, b?hok/ quince.b?kar/plane (carpenter’s), grater (of food).b?kr see ke?an?.b?lad see welat.bilcümle A see hem?.bilk ul see hem?.b?m see firs.b?mar P see nexwe?.bin see b?hn.b?nag?n see b?hnag?n.b?nah? / sight.b?newa P adj miserable, very poor; helpless, b?nok see b?hnok.b?r‘/well, pit, shaft (mine). ~ kolan (din) vt dig a well, dig a pit. b?r2/1 memory. 2 conscience. 3 mind. - birin vt occur to sb, be clever enough what to do, understand, come to one’s memory. - b?n vi remember, occur to sb. (ji) ~ b?n vi be forgotten, (ji) - kirin vt forget, an?n -a yek? vt remind (sb). an?n -a xwe vt consider, think of, recall, (ji) ~(a yek?) ??n vt forget, b?ran see b?ran?n. b?ran?/memorandum, note, record, b?ran?n/memory, remembrance, memoirs. (bi) b?r an?n vt remind, recall, remember.b?rawend adj memorable, b?rawer adj memorable, b?rbir n,adj thinker, intellectual, philosopher; discretionary, wise, wide-awake, aware, b?rdar adj unforgettable, memorable. -? / monument.b?rewer n intellectual, enlightened person.b?rhat?/ remembrance.b?r?n?/(a) yearning, (a) longing.b?rjiyan adj memorable, unforgettable.b?rmaye adj unforgettable, memorable.b?rmay? / remembrance.b?r name/memoir, personal records of events.birok/ memory.b?rov / ~a ?avan trahoma.b?rove / psoriasis.b?rsar adj forgetful. ~?/forgetfulness, b?rsay?/logic.b?r ? bawer? / belief, one’s general philosophy of life.b?r ? ray /opinion. ~a gi?t? public opinion, b?rvema adj noteworthy, outstanding. b?s1 see bis. bis2/ secret.bisk/a little while, moment, instant. ~ê adv for a little while. -ekê adv for a little while. Ew ê -eke din were. He will come soon. bist1 see bist. bist2 m,adj twenty.bistan m melon field, melon patch, cucumber patch.bistan,bistem,bistemin adj twentieth, bistin see bihistin. b??e P see me?e.b??eng / weeping willow, bot Salix babylonica. bitik see b?k,b?kik. biyok see bihok.b?z,b?zê,bizi: bize yeki an?n vt anger, make (sb) tense and irritable, b?zê yeki hatin v! be irritated (by an action or person), bizi kirin vt dislike, avoid, bjijk see bij??k.blê? / thunderbolt, flash of lightning; lightning, bl?r see bil?r.bolprep,conj for. ji ~ for. ji - min. for me. ji - ?i? why? bo2 prep to. bo3 see bihn.bobelat/ disaster, catastrophe, bobelisk see babelisk. boblat see bobelat.bo?/tail.bo?ik'/stem, stalk (of fruit). - dan xwevr hop around. bo?ik2/tail.bom adj stupid. ~ti/ stupidity, bombe/bomb. - avêtin vt bomb. - b?n vi be bombed. - kirin vt bomb, bombeavêj / bomber, bombebaran/ bombardment, bombe barandin vt bomb, bombard, attack with bombs. ~ kirin vt bombard, bombeparêz adj,f bomb-proof; bombproof shelter.bona prep.conj for. ji ~ for, for one’s sake. - ku for, because. - vê yekê this is why, therefore.bong adj boastful. ~i / boast bi ~? adv boastfully, boqil anat calf, bor adj dark; red; red-haired, borandek/ transmitter, borandin (biborine) vt 1 pass (sth), pass (sth) through (sth). 2 transmit, borani/ a Krd meal, boraq / sacrifice, bore n wild boar, zool Sus scrofa. bori1 / the past. ~ya berdest gram past continuous (tense), -ya ??rok? past perfect (tense), -ya d?dar present perfect (tense). ~ya têday? simple past (tense). bori2/pipe, tube, trumpet, boriya ostaki / Eustachian tube.bori3 adj last, past, meha - last month, borin (bibore) vi 1 pass, pass by, cross. 2 (li yeki) - forgive, excuse, bose /trap, bost see bihusl. bostan see bistan.bo? adj plentiful, abundant. - b?n vi be/ become abundant, -ahi / plenty, abundance; crowd (of people), box see boxe, box?e / bundle, box?ik/bundle, boxe m bull, boxtan see buxlan. boyax/paint, dye. - kirin vt paint, dye, colour, boz adj dapple-grey, gray, grey, bra see bira, brakuj see birakuj. brandin see birandin.brandox see birandox. bra?tin see bira??in. bra?t? see bira?t?. brazava see birazava. braz? see biraz?. br?n see bir?n. br?n see bir?n. br?ndar see bir?ndar. br?npê? see bir?npê?. bron?/ onat bronchus. ~ik/ bronchi le. bru see bir?. brüsk see bir?sk.buha ad),m expensive; price, value, expense. ~ b?n vi increase in price. ~ kirin vi increase the price, buhagiran adj valuable; expensive, buhartin see hihurlin. buhay? / expensiveness, inflation, buhar/spring.buhêrandin see bihurandin.buhêrk/gram past tense.bühtan see buxtan.buhurandin see bihurandin.buhur?n see bihurfin.buhust see bihust.bukam see lal.burc see birc.bur? see bir?.buru see bir?.burxe /screw.bu?kuvandin see bi?kuvandin.bu?kuv?n see bi?kuv?n.bux?e1/flower garden. bux?e2/parcel, bux?ik/small parcel, buxtan / false accusation, slander. ~ kirin vf slander. ~kar n slanderer, bu see b?hn.b?jen n material, supplies, equipment. b?k‘/l bride, daughter in law. 2 doll. b?k2 sty on the eyelid. b?k3 central part of a watermelon, b?kan?/poppy.b?k'k/1 poppy, hot paver rhoeas. 2 bud (of a flower). 3 see b?k1 2, b?k2. b?knefsok n redstart, brantail, wol Phoenicura phoenicura. b?l adj humpbacked, hunchbacked. ~ik/hump, b?m n owl.b?n (bibe)1 vi 1 be. 2 become. 3 happen, b?n (bibe)2 vi ripen, b?r? see bor?.b?sat n harness. - kirin vt harness, b?se see P ma?. b?te see ???e.b?yer /1 event, occurrence. 2 incident. 3 phenomenon. b?yin1/birth. b?yin2^ee b?n b?y?n see b?n.BZ see Ber? Zay?nê.c/the 3rd letter of the Kurdish alphabet. ca1 see dé.' ca2 see cih.ca3 see ka3.cab/I answer, reply. 2 refusal. ~ dan vt 1 answer, reply. 2 reject, refuse. W? ~a min da He refused me. ~ stendin vt 1 be replied, be answered. 2 get word of, hear from, hear about. ~a xêrê/good news. cabdar1 adj good at repartee. cabdar2 adj responsible. ~?/ responsibility, cacim see carcim.caciq/cold soup made of yoghurt, garlic and chopped cucumber, cacir/a sweet made of walnut and honey, cacira see cacir. cade /A street, cad?/ witch.cad?baz adj bewitching, shrewish. -if shrewishness.cad?kar/ witch, hag. -? / witchcraft, shrewishness, cahab see cab.cahil1 adj ignorant; illiterate, uneducated. cahil2 m young, unexperienced boy. cah? n I foal (of a donkey). 2 traitor, cah?ik see cah?. cam f,adj glass; of glass. cambaz1 ? acrobat, rope dancer. ~i / acrobatics.cambaz2 adj tricky, -if trick, cambir/ glass-cutter, earner adj 1 gentlemanly, generous. 2 brave, n 1 gentleman. 2 brave man. ~(t)? /1 generosity. 2 bravery, cam? JA mosque.cam?s n water buffalo, zool Bubalos. can1 rn 1 soul. 2 body. ~ dan vt die. ~(ê xwe) di ber (yek?/ti?tek?) de dan vt sacrifice os to. can2 see ciwan.cana,canan P n beloved, lover.canbaz see cambaz.canber? n shrimp, zool Crago vulgaris.canega m bull-calf.canfeza adj nimble, agile, swift,canfida see canf?da.canf?da adj self-sacrificing. ~t? / self-sacrifice.cange m bull-calf.cangiran adj supine, indolent, lazy. ~?/ sluggishness, lethargy, laziness, cangor? n martyr. ~tf/ martyrdom, cangudaz adj P heart-rending, bitter, canib A see al?.can?(k) n colt, filly, foal (of a horse), canpol m unbleached muslin, canxelas n lifeguard, lifesaver. canxira? adj atrocious, canzer adj unhealthy, car / time, occasion. ~a berê/~a di(n) last time.—an/—inan sometimes.—in adj occasional. ~di(n) once more, again. ~ek din again, next time, -eke once, -inan sometimes, bi ~eké/kê all at once, gelek ~(an) often, many times, her - every time, always, her -a ku every time, each time. pir?~,pirê~an often, many times. tu~(?) never, yek- at once; too much, excessively, carcim/a pileless carpet. caris adj shrewish, -if shrewishness. ~i kirin vt behave shrewishly. cariz see caris, cariz? see carisi, car? / multiplication sign, ca? see cah?.catir? n 1 tyhme, bot Thymus vulgaris. 2 marjoram, cav see cab. ?avdar see cabdar. caw m cotton fabric, fabric, -bir/scissors, cawaz adj different. -?/ difference, cax / grating, balustrade, stair railing, cay?z adj A religiously permissible; proper, acceptable, cazibe Af charm; attractiveness; attraction, caz?/witch, ce see ceh. cebar n boncsetter. cebar?1 / bonesetting. cebar?2 / tragacanth, bot Astralgalus. cebe? m watermelon, cebhet see en?. cebik/ small basket, cebilxane/ munitions, cehirandin (bicebirine) vt make a bone knit.cebir?n (bicebire) v/ (a broken bone) knit, cebirxane see cebilxane. ceb?n A see ent.cebt n root of a tree (used to dye leathers), ced m A grandfather, forefather, cedandin (bicedtne) vt carry out, execute, cedek see cendek. cedel see m?naqe?e. ced?d A see n?.ceger/anat -a re? liver. ~a spt lungs, -mend adj brave.ceh m barley, hot Hordeum murinum. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image7.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image7.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET cehd f A effort; determination, resolution, ~kirin vt work hard (for sth), struggle.cehenem A see dojeh.cehfer?/parsley.cehik m cucumber.cehnt see can?.ceb? see cah?.cehtir? n 1 thyme, bot Thymus vulgaris. 2 marjoram.cehzeran/a.wr the Twins, Gemini, cej see cejn.cejn/1 feast, Bairam, national holiday.2 festival, festivity. C~a Newrozê KrdNew Year: 21st March. C-a Qurbanêthe Feast of Sacrifice (for all Muslims).C~a Roj?yê the three-day feast at theend of Ramadan (for all Muslims). C-aSerê Salé New Year Feast. C-a teptroz be! Have a happy cejn!. -b?yin/birthday party.cela see ront.celad nA executioner.celadet see mêrxas?.celag?/grape molasses.celal see mezinah?.celeb m grade, sort.celew1 m bit; rein.celew2 adj magnificient, splendid.celt: - bun vt be exiled, -kirin /exile,exiling. - kirin vt exile.celxe m fork.cem m presence, the place near sb or sth.li - prep near, with.Lawik li ~ dêya xwe ye. The boy is with his mother, cema A see cimet. cemaet see cimet. cemat see cemed. cemaze see deve.cemciqandin (bicemciqtne) vt stir, mix (liquid).cemed/ice, frost. - girtin vt freeze, be frozen. ~ank/ freezing compartment, cemidandin (bicemid?ne) vt 1 freeze. 2 cool, cemidt rgd cold.cem?d?n (bicemide) vi 1 freeze. 2 feel very cold. 3 cool, get cold, cemittn see cemidtn. cem? see hemt. cemre n ember, cemser n pole, cenah see bask. cenan1 see dil. cenan3 n lessee.cenawir adj,n fierce, wild; dangerous wild animal, monster, cenbelt/species of tobacco, cencere see cercere. cendek m 1 body. 2 corpse, body, cendere/press, pressing machine, cendirme m Fr gendarme, ceng/war, fight. - kirin vt fight, -awer adj,n heroic; fighter, warrior, ~awert / heroism.ceniqandin (biceniqtne) vt startle, ceniqtn (biceniqe) vi be startled, cengke?t? / warship. cer1 m earthenware water jug. cer2/ screw, -bader / screwdriver, cercere / thresher (with cylindrical wheels pulled by animals). cerd/1 attack, offense. - kirin vt attack. 2 mil detachment; band (of rebels, etc.), ceres A see zengil. cerg/liver.cergebez1 adj bloody; sorrowful, ?grilled liver.cergebez2/a Krd dance, cerh A see birtn.ceribandin (biceribtne) vt try, test, xwe ~ vt try os.cerib?n (biceribe) vr be tried.ceribok/test, examination.ceryan fA 1 current, flow. 2 electricity.ces/plaster.cessas n P spy.ce? see cah?.cev?ndok n beggar, -t? / begging. ~t? kirin vt beg.cew'/scissors, shears. - kirin vt shear.cew2 m air, weather.cewahir m A jewel.cewab A see bers?v.cewdik mammal skin used as a water-container.cewr1 n young dog, pup.cewr2 A /cruelty; oppression; torment.cewrik n young dog, pup.cew?en' see ?er.cew?en2 see zirx.cewr ? cefa / torture, torment; cruelty, ceza /A punishment, penalty. ~ b?n vi be punished. -dan/kirin vf punish. ~ xwarin vt be punished. ~ dirav?n/f?ne. cez? m fleece.cezwe m long-handled pot for making coffee,cê see cihê.cêjn see cejn.cêndik see cên?k.cên?k/anat 1 sideburns. 2 temple.cêr n 1 see cer. 2 small part, little amount.cêr?/female slave.cêw? adj,n twinned, having a twin; twin, cêw?k see cêw?.cêz1/grain after willowing; pile, heap. ~ kirin vt heap up, pile up. cêz2 see cih?z. cida see cuda. ?ift P see cot.cih m place, spot, position, location. ~ dan vt give (sb) a seat; put, place, set or fit (sth) in a place. - guhertin vt change (one’s) place or seat, move. -(I ti?tek?/ yek?) girtin vt stand in for, be replaced. -é xwe girtin vt take a seat, take one’s place, ~ girtin/bi ~ b?n vi settle, get lodged in, settle in. ~ (li yek?) teng kirin vt put pressure on sb. bi ~ kirin vt place, lodge, situate, di ~ de right away, immediately, well-timed, li ~ê instead of, in the place of. iê de bi - b?n vj be contained.cihderk/ starting point, point of departure; fountain head, source, ciher m nosebag, feed bag. cihê adj separate, apart, different, exceptional. ~ b?n vi part, separate. - kirin vr part, separate (sb) from. — adv separately, one by one. ~ ku prep instead of. cihêb?n?/ loneliness; separation, cihêtnima/compass (device), cihêt?/separation, difference, cihêxwaz n separatist ~f/ sepaiatism. cihêz see cih?z.cihgir adj spare, reserved, n reserve, substitude, representative, cihgirfi adj settled, placed, cihimandin (bicihim?ne) vr kill (used contemptously). cihim? adj dead.cihim?n (bicihime) vi die (used contemptously). cih?z m trousseau, cihk? adj local, cihok see co. ciht see cot.Cih? n,adj Jew; Jewish.Cih?d see Cih?. cihwar see c?war.cil1 m dress, clothes. ~ jê kirin vr undress (sb). - lê kirin vr dress, clothe (sb). ~(ên xwe) ji xwe kirin vt undress, take off one’s clothes. ~(ên xwe) li xwe kirin vt dress os, put on clothes. ~ ?u?tin vr wash clothes, do the laundry. - wergirfin vr dress os., put on clothes. cil2/pack-saddle.cil3 m bed. - dan?n vt make up a bed, prepare a bed. ketin nav ~an vi go to bed. ji nav -an derkefin vr get up. cildank/wardrobe, cilf? see leh?.cils/plaster, plaster stone, gypsum, cil?o/washing machine; washerperson. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image8.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image8.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET cü?ogeh /laundrette, washhouse.cimet,cimeel/A congregation, meeting, gathering of people.ein n genie, demon. ~dar adj haunted. ~ le xistin vi have a stroke, see a ghost, cinabel adj A ritually unclean, cinan see cenan, cinaq m wishbone, cincilandin (bicincil?ne) vt purify, cincil? adj clear, crystal clear, pure, cincil?n (bicincile) vi get/become pure. cind?1 adj,n very good, very beautiful; handsome young man. cind?2 n A soldier, gendarme, cineh see ?o. einet A see bihift. cingal /jungle.ciniqandin (biciniq?ne) vt startle, ciniq?n (biciniqe) vi start, make a sudden movement (from fear). cins1 m A kind, sort, type. — of various kinds, assorted. cins2 m sex. -? adj sexual, cin?n see d?hn, dilinti. cinyaz m corpse.cir1 / conversation. ~xwe? adj conversable, pleasant to talk with. cir2 m habit, temper, cire n rat.circir / noisy quarrel, squabble, shrillness. kirin ~/b?n ~a yeki have a noisy quarrel, squabble, dre see qurt. cirm n A penalty; guilt, cirn m large stone mortar, cisn see cins, cil see cut.civak/society, community, social group. ~i adj social. ~zan/zanistyar sociologist. -zan?/zanisf? / sociology, civandin (bicivine) vt gather, collect, assemble. xwe ~ tidy (os.) up, put os. together, civank/lecture, panel discussion. - dan vt give a lecture.civanok/ anthology, collected works, civat / meeting, gathering; society, social group, community, civin‘/meeting. ~a gelemper? congress, -geh / meeting room, assembly hall, meeting-house, meeting-place.civ?n1 (bicive) vi meet, assemble, gather, lê ~ vi throng, crowd round (sb), crowd round (sb in order to attack), ciw see CO,ciwan adj young; handsome, beautiful. - kirin vt rejuvenate, beautify, ciwanbexl adj generous. ~?/generosity, bi -? adv generously, ciwanega m bull-calf, ciwan?/ youth; beauty, ciwanmêr adj courteous, polite and kind. ~ane adv courteously, nobly. cixare/.S/cigarette. ~ki ?andin vt smoke. ~ vexwarin vt smoke. cixareke? n smoker, cix?z see ?ix?z. cixs see cils, ciyawaz?/ difference, cizdan m 1 wallet. 2 official document in the shape of a booklet, identity booklet, c? see cih.c?derk see cihderk. c?geh / 1 locality, place, spot. 2 house, dwelling, residence. ~? adj local, c?gir see cihgir. c?h see cih.c?han/A world, -?im?l? adj universal, c?her n addressee, c?hê see cihê. c?l/cleaner, eraser.c?la,c?le / A shellac, lacquer, varnish; shoe polish, c?lwa see ron?. cinan see bihi?t. c?nar see e?ran.c?nav m gram pronoun. ~ên i?ark? demonstrative pronouns. ~ên kes?n personal pronouns, cip/Eng jeep.c?q1/ snowbird, snow bunting. c?q2/ ~e~ squeal, squawk, b?n ~e~a yek? yi squeal, squawk, kirin ~e~ squeal, squawk.e?ran ? neighbour. ~k? adj neighbourly, ~t? / neighbourhood, c?war m environment, neighbourhood; home, place to be inhabited, c?war? n inhabitant. ~ b?n vi (for sb) settle in a place, canal, irrigation trench. ~ya kezebê anat common hepatic duct. ~ya z?rêv amt cystic duct.cobar 1 stream; canal. 2 see cober.cober n sides of a canal, cobir n mole cricket, zool Griyllotalpa vulgaris.cog,cogan m stick, coge see co. cok see co.col1/chain. ~ kirin vt put in chains, fetter. col2 m herd, flock, colane/swing, swinging cradle, coleg n sharecropper, comerd adj generous. ~ane cuh1 generously. ~? / generosity, bi ~? adv generously, conega see ciwanega. con? m large stone mortar, co? n, adj boiling; enthusiasm. ~ b?n vi 1 boil. 2 get enthusiastic. - halin vi boil. Av ~ hat. The water is boiling. cot1 n,adj pair, couple, double, -an? in pairs, by pairs.cot2 m cultivation, plough, plow. - kirin vt plough, cultivate. ~kar n ploughman, farmer, cultivator, -kari / ploughing, farming, agriculture, cotemen?/agromony.Cotmeh / October, cotyar see cotkar. coxin / threshing floor, cozb?y? / nutmeg tree, hot Myristice fragrans.Cozerdan/May. cubar see cober. cubhet A see eni.cuda adj different. ~ b?n vi become different, part, separate from. ~ kirin vtchange, part, separate. ~l?/yeti / difference. ~xwaz n,adj separatist, -xwazif separatism, cuh? see cih?. cuht see cot1, cuh?d see cih?.culbe/ common vetch, bot Vicia sativa. culet see culhet. culhet m courage.culix/turkey, bot Meleagris gallopavo. cur1 m kind, sort, species, style. cur2 see C|urtcurandin (bicur?ne) vt assort, curbecur adj various, assorted, curm see cirm.curn / drinking, watering trough; basin, cut m I name of a game in which player seeks to throw pointed stake so that it sticks in ground while knocking down those of opponents. 2 peg, short stake, cuz A see per?e. c? see cih?.c?bar, c?yebar see newal.c?d see camêr?.cüda see cuda.c?dat? see cudat?.c?daxwaz see cudaxwaz.c?n1 (bic?) vt chew.c?n2 adj gray, grey.c?n3 / buttercup, bot Ranunculus.c?r1 m unripe grape.c?r2 see cur.c?rbec?r see curbecur.curm f A crime, felony, offense.c?tin (bic?) vt chew.cüze m type.?" ? /the 4th letter of the Kürdi sh alphabet, ?a see ?iya. ?a1 see ?ay.?a2 see ?awa.?adirfP tent. ~geh/camp, camp(ing)-site. ~ dan?n vf pilch a tent.?ak adj good, beautiful. - b?n vi getbetter, become better/beautiful. ~ kirinvf improve; beautify. ~? / goodness, beauty.?akb?n adj optimistic. ~?/optimism.?akêt m Fr jacket (of a suit).?ak?? m hammer. ~ kirin/lê xistin vfhammer.?al adj speckled.?al/pit, well, ditch. ~a gerdenê/hollow of the throat.?alak adj quick, nimble, active, hardworking. ~i / quickness, nimbleness; activity.galav/well (of water), ?am/pine, hot Pinus. ?amêrk? adv sitting cross-legged. ~ r?ni?tin/vedan vi. vi sit cross-legged, ?and/culture. ~a dareng? material culture, ~a giyam spiritual culture. ~a netewey? national culture. ~? adj cultural, ?ande see ?and. ~y? see ?and?, ?and?n (bi??ne) vt sow, plant, seed, ?andin? m sowing; agriculture, ?andinyar adj agrarian, agricultural, ?ap / print. ~ bun vi be printed, be published. ~ kirin vf print, publish. ~kir? adj printed.?apax??r/A Kurdish city in Northern Kurdistan, Bing?l, ?apber?/ lithography, ?apder? / edition, publication, ?apemeni adj of or related to press, ?apgêr?/press.?apxane/printitig house, printing office, ?aq m leg.?aqmaq,?aqmax see heste.?aqr?t adj shameless.?ar1 rn, adj four. ~an/e?n/em?n adj fourth.?ar2/sail, sheet (of a sailing boat).?ar3 m Tsar,Czar. ~f? / Czardom,Tsardom.?ar4 see ?are.?aral?prep all around, all sides, all directions, ?ar?ek adj heavily armed, ?ar?eve see ?ar??ve. ?ar?ik/ square.?ar??fe, ?ar??ve, ?ar?ove / frame. ?ardar/1 stretcher. 2 coffin, ?ardax/arbour, pergola, ?arde see?ardeh.?ardeh m, adj fourteen. ~an/em/em?n adj fourteenth.?arder/frame (of a door), ?arde?ev? adj full (moon), heyva ~ fool moon.?are/remedy, solution. ~ ditin vf find a solution. ~ (lê) kirin vf find a remedy, solve.?arenin adj unavoidable, ?aren?s/one’s fate, destiny, ?arelekirin/solution, ?are lê kirin vtsolve, settle.?areserkirin/solution. ?areser kirin vfsolve, settle, find a remedy, ?argav / gallop. ~i adv galloping, at a gallop.?argavk?/gallop, (bi) ~ adv at a gallop, ?argo?e fi adj square ; four-sided, four- cornered.?arik/(woman’s) headscarf, ?ar?k see ?aryek. ?ar?n / quatrain, quartet(te). ?arkok/quatrain, quartet(te). ?armedor prep all around, ?armêrk? see ?amêrk?. ?arm?x/cross for criminals. ~ kirin vt crucify.?arok,?aroke / a garment covering a woman from head to foot shawl, ?arox/rawhide sandal, ?arpê adj quadruped, ?arp? see ?arpê. ?arrex prep all around, ?ar?ef/bed-sheet; a garment covering a woman from head to foot.?ar?em / Wednesday, ?ar?ev see ?ar?ef. ?aryek/quarter, ?at / middle, centre.?av m eye. ~ bar neb?n vi be jealous. ~ berdan vf covet, envy. ~ birin vf dazzle.~(ê yeki) lê birin vt feel os. capable of. ~ kirin vt wink. ~ lê b?n vi watch, observe. ~ lê gerandin vt scrutinize, go over, look over, look round for. ~ lê/pê ketin vi have a glimpse of. ~ li d? man vi go with sth left undone. ~ li rê man vi wait a long time for sb to come. ~ li ser? tari b?n vi lose one’s temper. ~ ?kenandin vt 1 wink. 2 intimidate. ~ têr b?n vi become satisfied. ~ têr neb?n vi be insatiable. ~ tirsandin vt daunt, intimidate. ~tirsyay? b?n vi be afraid of. ji ber -an kelin vi fall from favour, kirin/xistin bin -an vt put (sb) under house arrest, arrest, gavbeloq adj pop-eyed, bug-eyed, gavbeloq? see gavbeloq. gavbir?? adj greedy. —t?/ greed, bi ~ti adv greedily, gavbirs? see gavbir??. gavdêr n observer, supervisor. ~?/obser- vation, supervision. ~? kirin vt observe, supervise, gav??/ trahoma.gavfireh adj generous. ~?/generosity, bi ~? adv generously, gavgirtik see gavgirt?nk. gavgirt?nk / blind man’s buff, bi ~ê l?stin vt play gavgirt?nk- gavik1/! drawer. 2 bead for averting the evil eye.gavik2 see bergavik. gav?/1 source. 2 stoma, pore, gav?nok/the evil eye. ~? adj touched by the evil eye. ~? b?n vi be touched by the evil eye. ~? kirin vt cause (sb/sth) to be touched by the evil eye. gavkan?/I small fountain (for water). 2 source, origin. 3 resource. ~yên binerde natural resources.gavlêgerandin / examine, gav lê gerandin vt examine, ga vmar fasparagus, hot Asparagus officinalis, gavnebar adj jealous, envious, greedy. ~?/ jealousy, greed. ~? kirin vt behave jealously/enviously/greedily. gavne?ê adj villainous. gavnêr?/1 expectation, waiting. 2 observation. - kirin vt 1 expect, wait. 2 observe, supervise.gavp?s adj tricky, untrustworthy; villainous, gavre?ok/monstera, bot Monstera deliciosa. gavrê: ~yê yek?/li?lek? b?n vi await the arrival of, expect.gavroke/borage, bot Borago officinalis, gavsor adj furious, wrathful, valiant. ~?/ wrath, valiance. bi ~? adv wrathfully, valiantly, furiously.gav?a? adj cross-eyed. ~ nêr?n vt cross one’s eyes.gav?ken adj terrible, terrifying, dreadful. gav?kenandin/1 winking. 2 intimidation, gav?kenand? adj intimidated, gav?ar? adj blind.gavteng adj miserly, stingy. ~\f miserliness, stinginess. ~? kirin vt be stingy, bi ~? adv stingily.gavtêr adj generous, not greedy, gavt?rs?yay? adj frightened, scared. - b?n vi be afraid of, be intimidated. ~ kirin vt daunt, intimidate.gavtirsand? adj frightened, scared, - kirin vt frighten, scare.gavxirab adj tricky, unfaithful; villainous, gavzêlk adj curious. -?/ curiosity, gavziq adj foolish-looking, gawa adv how; in what way/manners, with which means. Hun - ne? How are you? ?awah?/quality. ~n adj qualitative, ?awal see ?ewal. ?awan? gram case. ?aw?? n milit sergeant gax/time; period; moment, -a ku when. ?~a ku tu hat When you came, ?i ~? when? Ti ?i ~ hat? When did you come? wê ~ê then, ji wê ~ê de/ve since then, ?ay / Chinese tea. -a lari strong tea. -a tenik/vekir? weak tea.-xane / tea-house, cafe. cavdanxavdam;.cavdank_i^1^]/ teapot.?ay? n mountaineer, highlander. ?e1 see ?i. ?e2 see ?ê.?e?(ik) m little hand (affectionate term).?ef?/kaff?yeh.?ehiv see ?av.?ehlek see ?êlek.?ek1 m arms, weapon, armour. ~ dan?n vi cease firing, bi ~ kirin vt arm. ji ~ kirin vl disarm.?ek2 dress, clothes. ~ jê kirin vt undress (sb). ~ ji xwe kirin vt undress os. - lê kirin vt dress (sb). ~ li xwe kirin vt dress os. ?ekbend m waistcoat, vest, ?ekdan?n/cease-fire, truce, ?ekdar adj armed, ?ekhilgir adj armed, ?eksaz n armourer, ?ek?? see ?ak??.?el m,adj forty. ~an/em/em?n adj fortieth, ?el see ?al.?ele m period of 40 days; 40 cold days in winter; winter. ?~yê Nav?n January. ?~yê Pa??n February. ?~yê Pe?in December.?elef?k/onat jaw. ?eleng adj beautiful, good, ?elepay?/ a Krd dance, ?elitandin (bi?elit?ne) vt peel (vegetables, fruit).?elifin (bi?elite) vi be peeled, ?el?pa/a Krd dance, ?eloxwar? adj crooked, ?elp/smack. — smacking one’s lips loudly, kirin — vt smack one’s lips loudly, ?elpandin (bi?elp?ne) vt smack (lips) ?elqandin (bi?elq?ne) vt beat, mix thoroughly (eggs, etc), ?elt?k see ?ilt?k. ?em1 m river, stream.?em2/curve, bend. ~a st?/nape of the neck, ?emandin (bi?em?ne) vt bend, curve, wring, curl, twist, ?em?n (bi?eme) vi bend, curve, ?embil m handle (round), ?em?ik/deep ladle, ?em??r m species of grape, ?em??r n grape phylloxera, zool Dactylosphaera vitisoliae.?emil see ?embil.?en1 / amt jaw. ~a jêr?n lower jaw. ~jorin upper jaw.?en2 see ?end.?enber see xelek.?enbil see ?embil.?end adv,adj how many; some, several. ~ caran? how many times? ~ sali how old? Hun - sali ne? How old are you? her ~e however, in spite of, although, ev ~ so much, as much. ?~ sêvan bide min. Give me some apples. ?-pên?sên te hene? How many pens have you got? ?end heb adv,adj how many; some, several. ?~ sêvên te hene? How many apples have you got? ?-sêv bide min. Give me some apples, ?endah?/quantity. ~n adj quantitative, ?endan adv so much, so many, ?endek adj some, several. ~i for some time, ?endetexl?t adj various, ?end? adv, adj how much, ?ene / chin. ~geh dimple in the chin, ?enebaz adj talkative, chattering. ~? / idle talk, indiscreet talk, chatter. ~i kirin vt talk idly, ?enek a little, ?eng/arm; wing; claw, ?eng: - bun vi be thrown. ~ kirin vt throw, xwe - kirin jump, ?engal m 1 fork. 2 hook. ~ê mas?van?yê fish-hook, ?engel m hook.?ente m bag, case, -dest handbag. ?ep1 adj,n,adv left, al?yê/hêla ~ê leftside. ?ep2 adj wrong; opposite. ~ fahm kirin vt misunderstand, misinterpret. Ew min ~ fahm dike. He misunderstands me. ?ep3 n palm of hand. ~le n clapping, ?epel adj filthy, dirty, slovenly, ?eper n shield.?epik n applause, li -an xistin,- lê xistin,- lê dan vt applaud, clap for. ?epil m anut arm.?eprast adj,adv diagonal(ly), crosswise, ?eq n prong, branch of a forked object, fork, ?eqel n jackal, zool Canis aureus, ?eqei?/a small part of a bunch of grape, ?eqilmast m stirred yoghurt.?er inten adj what. Tu ?er dik?? What are you doing? ?ere adv how. ?er?? n sundries peddler, ?er??fe see ?ar??ve. ?erez n nuts.?erixandin (bi?erix?ne) vt 1 cause (sb/ sth) to slip. 2 rotate, turn, make (sth) spin, ?erix?n (bi?erixe) vi I slip. 2 turn, spin, ?erizandin (bi?eriz?ne) vteat nuts/appetizers, germ m skin; leather. -in adj leathery, ?ermik m membrane. ~ê ?av eyelid, ?erpandin (bi?erp?ne) vt flutter. ?erx/1 wheel. 2 grindstone. ~ kirin w put (sth) to the grindstone. 3 a zodiacal constellation. ~a kevjal astr Cancer, ?erx?felek/passion flower, hot Passiflora. ?est/1 meal. 2 taste. ~ kirin vt taste, ?e?ni see P ?av. ?ete! m fork.?etir / umbrella, sunshade; parachute. ~baz n parachutist, -bari/being a parachutist, parachuting, -van n parachutist, -vani / being a parachutist, parachuting, ?evreb? n boiled wheat, ?ewa see ?awa. ?ewal m sack.?ewênder /beet, bot Beta vulgaris. ?ewlik1 / allusion, innuendo, hint. ?ewlik2/farm, ?ewisandin see ?ewsandin. ?ewsandin (bi?ews?ne) v/exploit; press; oppress, put pressure, ?ewt adj 1 wrong. 2 crooked. ~?/mistake. ?ewto mewto adj erroneous, ?exdar m rye.?ê adj good, well. ~ b?n vi heal, recover; mature, ripen; happen. ~ kirin vt repair; make, manufacture, produce, ?êbiwar adj artificial, synthetic, imitated. raweya - gram (past) participle, ?êb?n / improvement; recovery; happening, event; being made, being done. ?êj1/ taste, flavour. - kirin vt taste. ?êj2 see ?êjik.?êjandin (bi?êj?ne) vt taste, ?êjdar adj tasty, flavoured, ?êje see ?êjik.?êjik n young animal (kitten, puppy, chick, etc).?êker n,suf maker, manufacturer, ?êkirox n maker, manufacturer; founder, charter member. ?êl1 n rock, large stone. ?êl2 / subject, topic, -(a yek?/ti?tek?) kirin vt mention, talk about (sth/sb). - li yek?/ti?tek? kirin vt mention, talk about (sth/sb). ji fi?teki - kirin vt mention, talk about (sth).?êl3 ?young animal (kitten,puppy, chick, etc), ?êlek/cow.?êlik n young animal (kitten, puppy, chick, etc), ?êl? see ?êlik. ?ên?1 m feed (of chicken). ?ên?2 m morsel, bite. — adv in small portions, a little at a time.?er/swearword, cuss. - kirin vt swear at, curse.?êran see ?êr?n.?êrandin (bi?êr?ne) vt graze, pasture, put animals to graze, ?êre /grazing, pasturage, -geh/grazing- land, pasturage land, ?êrihan see ?êr?n. ?êr?n (bi?ere) vi graze, ?êr?yan see ?êr?n. ?êstin (bi?êse) vt taste, ?êtir adj better. - d?tin vt prefer, distinguish from, (jê) - girtin vt prefer, ?êtirandin (bi?êtir?ne) vt improve; put in order; rectify.?êy?/goodness, favour. - (bi yek?) kirin vt do (sb) a kindness/favour. ?i interr adv what. Ew - ne? What are these? ?? re? why? ?i ye? What’s the matter?, What do you want? ?i?ik m breast. - mêtin/xwarin vt (for a baby) nurse, suck.?i?ikmêj n nursing infant, unweaned baby, ?ift adj ill-omened, inauspicious, ?ifte / double-barreled gun, shot gun. ?iftexas m cotton batiste, cambric, ?ikandin (bi?ik?ne) vi 1 set up, erect. 2 fill up. 3 dry (sth). b?hna/hilma yek? ?ikandin vr suffocate. 4 plant (a tree), ?ikil m branch (of a tree), ?ikilandin (bi?ikil?ne) vt plant (a tree), ?ik?n (bi?ike) vi dry up; be exhausted.b?hna/hilma yeki ~ vi suffocate. ?iklos,?ikos adj selfish, mean.??krim1 adj perpendicular, upright (in standing).?ikrim2 m pole, post.?iksay? adj (weather) very clear, cloudless, ?iktenê adj, adv all alone, completely alone, all by oneself, ?ik?s see ?iklos. ?il m,adj forty.??1 adj greedy.??la see ?ira.?ilape n jump, ?cap, - kirin vijump, leap. ?ile m January; period of forty days; forty cold days in winter. ?~yê Fa??n n January. ?~yê Pe?in n December. ??le?ep/ bend, curve (in a road, etc), ?ilek n,adj greedy person; greedv. -ti/greed. ?ille see ?ile.' ?ilmêre n bolt (of a door), ?ilmisandin (bi?ilmi?ine) vt fade, cause (sth) to fade, ?ilmis? adj pale, faded.?iln?is?n (bi?ilmi?e) vi fade, wilt, ?ilo adv how.??lo m branches (cut with leaves to feed animals), ?ilokok n bush.?ilpav/plaster (made of mud for coatingwalls, etc).?ilp? m thin stick.?ilt?k/rice in the husk.?ilwar m cotton batiste, cambric.?ilwil?n (bi?ilwile) vi shine, gleam.??m anat hoof.?imaadvwhy. Tu ~??? Why did you go? ?iman see ?ima. ?imento m It cement. ?imko,?imk?,?imku conj because, ?inar/plane tree, hot Platanus orientalis. ?indik / hopping, -dan xwe hop about, ?inedifk adj parvenu, ?ing?n (bi?inge) vi resound, -i/resounding. b?n -?ya fi?teki vi resound, kirin ~?,~? kirin vt resound. - pê ketin vi resound. ?inin1 (bi?ine) vt cut, reap, mow; gather, pick fruits/vegetables. ?in?n2/harvest. -a rezan grape-harvest, vintage.?ipbor?/tube. ?ipik/Lask. ?it]a see ?iqas.?iqas adv how much, bi -i? how much? (cost). qusa/ewqas the more ... the more. Tu - bid? tu yê qusay?/ewqas? bisfin?. The more you give the more you get. ?iqeys see ?iqas.?iqil m twig, sprig; thorn, splinter, ?iqul? m thin branch (of a tree), stick, ?iq?z adj miserly, selfish. ?ir,?ira adv interr why.??ra / lamp, oil lamp, ?irandin (bi?ir?ne) vt tear, kirasê xwe - tear one’s dress from anger, get upset. ??rav/1 marsh, swamp; muck. 2 waterfall, ?ircirk f cicada. ?ire,?iri adv interr why.??rik/ trough.?iri?in (bi?irise) i7give off sparks; shine, gleam.?ir?/October. ?~yanav?n/November. ?~ya pa??n/November. ?~ya pe?in/October.?ir?n (bi?ire) vi be torn, be ripped. ??r?sk/spark.?ir?sk?n (bi?ir?ske) vi give out sparks, spark.?ir?yay? adj torn, ripped, ?irmisandin see ?ilmisandin.??rmis? see ??lm?S?.??rmis?n see ?il misin, ?ironek/ trough.?irpandin (bi?irp?ne) vt stir, beat (eggs,etc), ?ir?sk/ spark.?ir?sl?n (bi?irùske) vi spark, giveout sparks.?iryay? see ?ir?yay??ist adj alive, living, lively.?i?te adj hard-working.?i?ti/discipline, obedience.?itare/fabric.?ifi) adv interr how.?itow see ?ifi).?iv / trick, zigzag. - dan xwe vt zigzag, ?ivane/bend, curve (of a road). ??vanok/a playful formula found in folk narratives, ?ivêl adj naughty, ?ivgeh/bend, curve (of a road).?iv?k/bird.?iv?n?/(for a bird) singing, kirin ~ vt (a bird) sing.?ivok adj inconstant, changeable, fickle.?ivoke/cape (geo).?iw?t / indigo plant, hot Indigofera ti ne tori a.?ix?zVline. ~ kirin vt draw (lines), scrawl,?ix?z1/circle.?iya m mountain. ~y? n mountaineer, highlander. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image10.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image10.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ?i?ek/fl o wer.???ik/1 udder. 2 chick. 3 sparrow, ???irik see ?ir?irk. ??k1 / ability. ??k2/pain.??k3 spark; match.??k4 n the white of the eye.??k5 n thing.??l adj shining, bright.??le?ep/ zigzaggy path on a mountain.??m1 m anal calf.??m2 m grass, sod.?imen m lawn, meadow. ~zar meadow. ??n1/class; stratum, layer, fold. -? adj of or related to classes. ??n2 m 1 embroidery, needle work. 2 motif, pattern.??n3/China. ~? n,adj Chinese, ??n??n adj motley, speckled, ??n?olek/swing (used for swinging). ??n? see ?ên?.??p m amt calf (of the leg). ~r?t adj bare legged.??r adj resistant, stubborn, tough, obstinate. ??r??rok / story, tale, ??rok/story, tale, novel, novelette. ~bêj/ van n story-teller. ??t1 n hedge, partition,??4 fabric.??t3 n hand-painted kerchief, ??tog adj uncomfortable.??ya see ??ya.??z n forest fly, horse fly, zool Hippobarca equina.??Z1 n,int accepting defeat; Uncle ! ~ kirin vr say ‘ ‘Uncle’ ’ to (sb), give in to (sb). ??z1 / — buzz, buzzing, ??z?n (bi??ze) vi buzz.?O m rod, stick.?o! int used for ordering a donkey to move, ?o?ik/deep ladle.?°g see ?ok.?ok/an?/ knee. - dan vt kneel down, ?okar n servant.?ol/I desert. 2 countryside, -istan/desert. ?olemêrg/A Kurdish city called Hakkari. ?on see ?awa. ?ong see ?ok.?Ogan / golf.?or n zool pheasant.?ortan n a cheese made of curds.?u adv none, not, not any. ~ car(an/i) never.???ik1 adj small, little.????k 2 n bird, ??dar? / distance.??k'/bird. ~ên mas?gir zool Ardeae. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image11.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image11.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ??k2 adj small, little, ??kdeve n ostrich, zool Struthio camelus. ??l m, adj light yellow, ??n (bi?e) vi go, leave. ~ ava vi (sun) set. li yek? ~ vi look like (sb), take after (sb). ~ rehmefê vi die. ~ r?yê hev vi kiss one another. ~ ser nexwe?ek? vi visit a patient, ??ngeh / alley.??n?hatin /1 circulation. 2 relation. 3 traffic. 4round trip. ~? ?^/return (ticket), ??tar m cloth, piece of cloth, ??x m cloth, fabric, material. ??yin1 see ??n. ??yin2/ departure, ??yin ? hatin see ??n?hatin.d/the 5?i letter of the Kurdish alphabet. da1 see dayik. da-2 pref used with the verbs indicating downwards actions, eg: dahatin, daketin, daxisfin. daba?/subject, topic. dabelandin(dabel?ne)vt swallow, gulp down, dabeliyandin (dabeliy?ne) vt swallow, gulp down.daberizandin(dabermne) vt rebuke, scold, dabe?/ mat division-sign. dabe?1 / 1 share. 2 installment, payment. ~a deynl instal(l)ment, payment.- kirin vt divide, share. dabe?2/pail, section, sector, dabiristin {da bi rise) vt form ahne,form ranks, da?ek/gram preposition, da?ikandin (da?ik?ne) vt cock (a gun), set up, put together; plant (a tree), dad /1 justice. 2 help. 3 fame, dadan (dade)1 vt snatch, grasp, grab. K??ik dada hest?. The dog grabbed the bone, dadan (dade)2 vt agir ~ vt light a fire, dadan (dade)3 vt close, shut, dadê n mum, mummy, dadge see dadgeh. dadgeh/court, courthouse, dadger see dadgêr. dadgêr n judge.dadgir n public prosecutor, attorney general, dad? adj 1 judicial, juridical. 2 of justice, dadmend adj just, fair. -?/justice. dadnenas adj lawless, unlawful. ~?/lawless- ness, unlawful activity or behaviour, dadpirs n judge.dadxwaz n complainant, petitioner, dadyar adj just, fair; lawful, daf see dahf.dafandin (bidafme) see dahfandin. dafik see dahfik. dager n manager, director, dagerandin (dager?ne) vt 1 send back, make (sb/sth) turn back. 2 turn (sth). 3 refuse, reject.dager?n (dagere) vt I turn back. 2 turn, change direction.dagir/occupation. ~ kirin vt occupy, dagirker ? occupier, occupant. ~T adjoccupational.dagirjdrin / occupation, occupancy, dagirtin (dagire) vt 1 fill, load. 2 occupy, dagirtf adj 1 full, filled. 2 occupied, dahatin (dahê) vt 1 comedown,land. 2 snow, dahat? adj next; future, dahelan?n (dahel?ne) vt 1 haul. 2 take (sth) out of a place, dahênan see dan?n. dahênandin (dahên?ne) vt invent, dahêner n inventor. dahf1/push. ~ dan vt push dahf2 / trap, snare, dahfandin vt push, dahfik/trap, snare, dahi?tin (dahêle) vt bring down, pull down, dahl /1 orchard. 2 grove, small wood. dahn1 m shift, session (in a factory, school, etc), eight hour period. ~ê n?vro afternoon session of a school, -ê sibê morning session, morning shift, -e ?eve night session of a school, night shift.dahn2 boiled and pounded wheat, dehusked wheat.dahn?(k) m boiled and pounded wheat, dehusked wheat, dahol / drum, dah? see cah? 1. da?k see dayik. da?ye see sedem.daketin (dakeve) vi 1 come/go down, climb down. 2 decrease, descend, ji ya xwe - vi give up, renounce one’s claims to sth. dakirin (dake) vt plunge, dip. Destê xwedi avê dake. Dip your hand into the water, da ko see da ku.da ku adv so that, in order that, in order to. dal /geo valley, dalde see talde.daliqandin (daliqme) vt 1 hang up, suspend (sth) from. 2 hang (a person), xwe ~ hang (os), commit suicide, daliq? adj hanging, suspended, daliqin (daliqe) vi be hanging, be suspended, daliq?yay? adj hanging, suspended. dam1 see dom. dam2/lasso, daman see daw. damar /nerve, vein.damar? see dêmar?. dame m checkers, draughts, (bi) ~ l?stin play draughts.damez(i)randin (damez(i)r?ne) vi establish, found, form, damezrêner ? founder, damilm (damile) vi die down, go out,fade, damizrandin see damezrandin. dan1 see dahn1 z.dan2 (bide) vt give. ~ al?k? vt put aside. ~ berhev vt compare. ~ ber xwe vr 1 aim at, have as one’s target. 2 drive animals in front of os, force people to go before os. ~ der vt reveal. - destk? vr centralize. ~ d? (yek?/ti?tek?) vt follow up (a matter), follow (sb). - niv?sandin vt have (sb) write (sth), register. ~ pey/pê vt follow, pursue. - pe? (yek?/ti?tek?) vt go in front, lead the way. ~ pe? xwe vr drive animals in front of os, force people to go before os. xwe ~ (ti?tek?) vt devote os wholeheartedly, abandon os to. dan3 (bide) vt make (sb/sth) do (sth), have (sth) done. Min kincên xwe dan ?u?tin. I had my clothes washed. Min name bi w?da niv?sandin. I made him write the letter. dan4xee dank, danan see danm. danberhev?/comparison, dandest/delivery.dandestk? / centralism, centralization. dane1/data. dane2/kernel, grain, da nezan/explanation; statement; disclosure. danêr1 n observer. ~? / observation. danêr2 ? judge. - kirin vr try (in court), hear, judge (a case), danisilandin (danisil?ne) vr strain off/ out, filter.danisil? adj strained, filtered, danisil?n (danisile) vibe strained, be filtered, dan?? see ?ewr.dani?tin (dani?e) vi sit (down), dani?t? n sb who dwells or resides in a place, resident.dani?twar n inhabitant, native, local, dan? n founder.dan?n (d?ne,deyne) vr lay down, setdown, put down, put. ~ ber gavan vt show, demonstrate. ~ ber hev vr compare, bring face to face. ~ cih vt put back, place back. ~ ser vr put onto, add to. li ser ~ vr add. xwe li ser - vt perch upon, li xwe ~ vr deign to, condescend to, ji hev ~ vt dismantle. xwe lê ~ vr 1 pretend. 2 perch upon, -dank (dan) suffforming nouns with meaning container, eg: ?aydan, xwelidank. dannas?n / introduction, dan nas?n vr introduce.danu(k) see dahn?(k). dan?stendin/1 relation, contact. 2 trade, danniv?s / registration. dapa? adj covered; concealed. ~ kirin vr cover up; conceal (sth) from notice, dapilandin (dapil?ne) vr sixain, filter, distill.dapiland? adj distilled, strained, filtered, dap?r /grandmother, dap?rk/midwife, daqmoq m hammer, daqulandin (daqul?ne) see daqurtandin. daqultandin see daqurtandin. daqurtandin (daqurt?ne) vr swallow, gulp down.daq?i b?n vr perform the action characteristic of swallowing or gulping sth. dar1 m wood, timber. ~ê zorê n constraint, force, bi ~ê zorê adv by force. dar2/tree. ~a selwê cedar tree. ~a sersalê Christmas-tree.dar-3 pref tree, dart? mulberry (tree). -dar4 suff forming n and adj with meaning possessor of, full of, with, darad?m / til?ya ~ê middle finger, darav / resin, daravtin vr strain, filter, daraz/sentence, verdict, decision (of a court), darber?/oak. darbest/coffin, stretcher, darbindeq/hazel tree, hor Cory lus avellana. darbir n woodcutter, dar??n / cinnamon, hot Cinnamonum zeylanicum. darda see darve. darde see darve. dareng? adj material; physical, dargering see darger?nk.darger?nk/ivy, bot Hedera.dargilyas/ cherry tree.darg?z/ walnut, bot Juplans.darik m short and thin stick, match. ~ê cixarêcigarette holder. ~ê niftikê match.daring n matter, material. ~? adj material.darisfan / forest.dar?gav adj concrete (as opposed to abstract), obvious, dar?n adj wooden, of wood, darkar?ik/pear tree, darkolik /shrub, heath. darkutik,darkutok n woodpecker, zool Pi eus. darmaz?/variety of oak. darqesp/palm tree. darsimaq/sumac(h), hot Rhus coriaria. darsipi see sipindar. dartera? n carpenter, darfikok ? woodpecker, zool Picus. daru??fa P see nexwe?xane. dar? see derman.darüber m clump of trees, all the plants in an area.dar übest see darbest, darva see darve.darve adj hanging, hanged, suspended. -b?n vi be hanged. ~ kirin vt hang.darxurme/ date tree.das/sickle. ~a daran bill, bill htxik. -apalet?yê harvester’s sickle.das?/fish-bone.das?k/crescent-shaped sickle.da? see cah?.da?ik see cah?.da?ir/toilet.da??r/wet nurse.davek/strap, belt.daw‘/l skirt (part of any dress that hang below the waist). 2 tail (of a sheep), -pak adj virtuous, honest, chaste. -pis adj unchaste, dishonest. daw2,dawe / A request, demand; suit, lawsuit ~ kirin vt demand.Da wer P see Xwedê.dawerivandin (daweriv?ne) vidistil(l).daweriv? adj distilled.daweriv?n (dawerive) vi be distilled.dawerivok/still, retort.dawe?andin (dawe??ne) vt shake, shake(sth) out.dawef/ wedding feast, dawef / invitation. dawên(e) see daw.daw? / end, final, result extremity. - an?n vt finish, complete. ~(ya fi?teki) hafin vi come to an end, finish, be completed. ~ya ~yê adv finally, at last in the end. da win adj last final, dawink/termination, last part (of anything), dawixwazi/testament will, dawlêkir? defendant, d a w ?an di n ( d a w??n e ) see d a we ?a nd i n, daw?dê dunikul n hoopoe, zool Upupa egos.daw?d? / chrysanthemum, bot chrysanthemum.dax/brand. ~ b?n vi be branded. ~ kirin vt brand.daxisfin (daxine,daxe) vt lower, take down, bring down, set down, daxuyani / declaration, announcement advertisement ~ kirin vt declare, announce, advertise.daxwarin (dabixwe) vt swallow, gulp, ji ber (yeki) - vt swallow (an insult), endure (unpleasant behaviour). / swallow, gulp.daxwaz/wish, demand, request. ~ kirin vt demand, request, -name / petition, written application, daxwesfin / demand, dayende / donor.dayik/mother. 4 adj motherlike, motherly. day?n1/wet nurse, foster mother. day?n2/ tax. day?n3 see dan2 daynan see danin. dazane / statement, declaration, dazani/statement, declaration. de1 int making stress on the imperative eg: De were! Comeon! De bime?e?Comeon! Move!. de2 articleforming a part of prepositions, eg: di...de in. jê pê de thenceforth, thenceforward. ji...de from, off. ji vir de hence, ji wir de thence. de3 see deh. debabe f A milit tank, deban adj damascened (steel).deban?e /P pistol, revolver, debar/1 living, earnings. ~ kirin vf live (on), manage. Ez bi mehan?ya xwe - dikim. I live on my salary. 2 project, preparation, debax n hide (of animals). ~ kirin vt tan (a hide).debirandin (bidebirine) vt manage, shift for os. debisfan see dibisfan. debixandin (bidebix?ne) vt tan (ahide). def1 / tambourine.def2/repulsion. - kirin vt repel, repulse, push back.defter /A note-book, exercise-book, de?irmi adj round, deh m,adj ten. -an/em/emin 10th. dehan see dev. dehandin see mehandin. dehbe n wild animal, dehf / push, act of pushing. ~ dan vt push, shove. ~a xwe dan (fi?teki vt push, dehfandin (bidehfine) vt push, dehfker / impetus, impulse, incentive, dehker / essence.dehl/1 fruit garden, orchard. 2 wood, grove, dehn? see dahn?. dehol / drum, dehsal /decade. deh?,deh?ik see ca? 1. dek1 /trick. ~ ? dolab tricks. dek2 see delk, de ka int see de1, del adv ~ dan vt push, délai1 n herald, broker. délai2 adj dear, friendly, lovable. -if 1 fondness, affection. 2 n the apple of one’s eye. delav /geo gulf, inlet, delawer see dilawer. deling n lower part of a trouser, delil m A evidence, proof. delin1/ dazzling.delin2 (bidele) vi (eyes) be dazzled, deliva see delive. delive opportunity, chance, deliyan see delin.delk/push, act of pushing. ~(axwe) dan vt push.dellal see délai1, delle see tol.dem‘/l time, period, era. ~a ku when, while. ~ ? ~ from time to time, sometimes, ji ~aku since, di ~a xwe de at its time. 2 gram tense. ~a bon past tense. ~a bor?ya ??rok? past perfect tense. ~a bor?ya d?dar present perfect tense. ~a bor?ya têday? simple past tense, -a niha present tense. ~a pe?i future tense. 3 season. dem2/brew. ~(a fi?teki) girfin vt brew. ~a xwe girfin vt be brewed. ~a ?ay brew of tea. ~ kirin vt brew. dem3/blood.demam,deman / rent. ~ dan vt lease, give for rent (field, garden, etc). - kirin vf lease, take (sth) on a lease, deman?e / P pistol, revolver, demandin (bidemine) vf brew (tea, etc), dembori adj out of date, old (fashion), obsolete, overdue, demdari / duration, continuation, demdemi adj temporary, demdirêj rgd long-term, demgirêday? adj temporary, demhev adj contemporary, -i / being contemporary.demildesf adv at that moment, demi adj seasonal; temporary, demkurt adj short-term, demokrasi see demoqrasi demoqrasi/Grdemocracy. ~xwaz n,adj democrat; democratic, -xwazi/democracy, supporting demrcracy. demsal/season (of a year), demsaz see heval. den m large jar.dendik/stone (of a fruit), pip, seed, dend?re?k see dir?re?k. deng1 m voice; sound; noise. - birin vf silence. ~ dan vt voice, make a sound. - kirin vf talk, speak. ~ê yeki kirin vf listen to (sb carefully), prick up one’s ears. ~(ê yelp) ketin vi lose (one’s) voice, have a horse voice. ~ jê hafin vi be heard from, say sth. ~ lê kirin vf call (sb). ~ ? hi? jê bilin vi become completely silent. deng2/vote. ~ dan vf vote, dengan / echo, dengbêj n singer, dengbir/silencer.dengdar fadj gram consonant.dengdêr fadj gram vowel. ~a drêj longvowel. ~a kurt short vowel.dengedeng m noise.dengvedan/ echo.dengxwe? adj having a good voice.dengzan? n phonetics.dengzar / noise.denik see dendik.dep m board, wooden board. ~ê s?ngê m mat breastbone. ~re? m blackboard, deq/mole, spot, beauty spot. ~?? adj spotted, detje/A minute. ~jimêr/minute-hand, deq?qe see deqe.Atrlprep out, outside, - bun vi burst open, splitopen, confide (in), be revealed, come out. ~ ??n vi come out, appear. ~ hatin vi spring; come out emerge, li ~ ve out, outside, ji ~ ve from outside. der2/place, locality, spot, li -eke somewhere. li ~eke din elsewhere, somewhere else, li her ~ê everywhere, all around, all over, li tu ~ê nowhere, anywhere. ~ ? dor environment, neighbourhood, surroundings. der3 m door, gate.derabe/railing, balustrade, rolling shutter (used to secure shops). deran?n1 / production. deran?n2 (der?ne) vi take out. jê ~ vt take (sth) out of (sth). ji hev - vt classify, analyse. derav1/water supply points. derav2/shore, coast, bank, derax/degree,derb‘/I blow, strike, knock. 2 shot. ~ avêtin v/fire a shot. ~ lê xistin vt hurt, injure (sb). - xwarin vr be wounded, be injured. derb2/time, turn. D~a te ye It’s your him. bi ~ekê suddenly, gi? bi ~ekê altogether, vê ~e this time, derbarê adv about, derbar? adv about.derbas: - b?n vi cross; pass, pass by. ~? derekê b?n vi enter, go or come in. tê re ~ bun vi cross, pass through. D~b?y? be! May you recover soonl-kirin vt pass, have (sb/sth) passed or crossed (sw/sth). tê re - kirin vt pass (sth through sth). derbasok / 1 process, progression. 2passageway, passage, derbaz see derbas.derbeder adj 1 untidy, slovenly. 2 miserable. -?/1 untidiness, slovenliness. 2 misery, derbend /1 mountain pass, canyon. 2 port, harbour, derbik/ bullet.derbxwar? adj wounded, injured, derd m sorrow, trouble. ~(e)nak adj troubled, having troubles, derdest adj 1 handy, within reach, at hand. 2 captured, caught, under arrest. - kirin vi capture, catch, derdmend adj troubled, sorrowful, derece f A degree, dereke adj strange, foreign, dereling see derling. derem?t/Fr dynamite, derence / stairs, ladder, dereng adj late, delayed. ~ hi?tin vt delay (sb/sth). ~ kef in vi be late, be delayed. ~ man vi be late, delay, derenghel adj indigestible, insoluble, dereng?/delay. bi ~ ketin vi be late, delay, derengmay? a, adj late arriving, laggard; late, derengketin / delay, being behind the schedule.derere adj temporary, derew/lie. - kirin vi he. dere w??n,dere win adj,n liar; untrue. ~ derxistin vt prove that (sb) is a bar. derewkar,derewker n har. ~? / lying, telling lies.derewz?n adj untruthful, derêxistin see derxistin. derf/drum. derfende / opportunity, derfet/opportunity, chance, derga see dergeh. derge see dergeh.dergeh/gate, large door, -van n door-keeper, dergir/cover, bd.dergist? n,adj fiancé, fiancee; engaged to be married, betrothed, derg?st? see dergist?. derg??/cradle,derg??k? adj equal, in equilibrium, (bi) - kefin vi draw (in a game, fight, etc), derheq prep about, di ~(ê).. de about, di~ê te de about you. deri1 m door.deri2 prep outside (of); except, deridamar/ amt portal (hepatic portal vein), derketin (derkeve) vi come out, go out, set out, emerge, derew ~ vi turn out to be untrue, ji bin - vi manage, derkirin (derke, derb?ke) vt cause/have/ let (sb/sth) (to) come out. der ling m lower part of a trouser, der mal? n fattening, feeding up (a domestic animal). ~ kirin vt fatten (an animal), derman m medicine; remedy. ~ kirin vt 1 apply medicine to, treat. 2 heal, cure, dermande see nexwe?. dermanfro? n druggist, pharmacist, dermankar n person applying medicine to wounds; druggist, pharmacist, dermanniv?s / prescription, dermanxane/ pharmacy, drug-store. derpê,derp? m underpants, dersfA lesson. - dan vt give a lesson, teach, -dar? teacher. ~ x a ne / cl as sroom. der?n m 1 soul, spirit. 2 conscience. 3 the interior, the insidederve m outside, ji ~ from outside, li ~ prep out, outside, dervedan (dervede) vt confess, derve?andin/ export. dervey?1 adj external, outer. dervey?2,derv? prep li ~ outside, li ~ xên? outside the house.derwaz, derwaze m large gate, town gate, gate. derwê§ n dervish, der win see dere win. derxistin (derxe,derxine) vt take out, bring out. deng - vt voice one’s opinion, say sth. ji rê ~ vt lead astray, pê - vt guess, derxw?n n lid, cover, derya/sea.deryaban see deryavan. deryadar see deryavan. deryavan n seaman, sailor, navigator. -? / seamanship, deryay? adj maritime, derz/split, slit, crack. ~ lê ketin vi split, crack. derzi/1 needle. 2 injection. 3 sting (of an insect). ~ lê xistin vt inject, give (sb) aninjection, vaccinate, derzidan see derzidank. derzidang see derzidank. derzidan k/ pi ncus hi ( >n, needle-case, box for keeping needles, derzilok/ geranium, bot Pelargonium, des see dest.desgeh n workbench, loom, desgirt? n,adj fiancé, fiancée; engaged to be married, desgin / rein, deskut adj artificial, false, desmal see destmal. desmêj,desnimêj / ritual ablution. - girtin vt perform an ablution. ~(a yeki) ?kestin vi become canonically unclean, dest manat hand. ~ avêtin vt I start. 2 touch. 3 take hold. 4 attack; grab. 5 attempt to rape. ~ avêtin hev vt quarrel, wrangle. ~ dan vt touch; help; stretch one’s hand to shake hands with (sb). ~ dan hev vt help one another. ~ dan in ser vt confise ate, seize. ~ hilanin vr defend (os), reactagainst. - jê berdan vt give up; let go. - jê kirin vt withdraw; leave alone. ~ jê ki?andin vt withdraw; give up. ~ ji hev berdan vt part. ~ lê gerandin vt caress. ~ pê b?n vi start, begin. ~ pê kirin vt start, begin to. bi ~ê hev girtin vt support one another; take each other by hand, bi-xistin vr obtain, get, provide, ji - dan vr dispose of. ji ~ batin vi manage, be able todo. - bi - adv right away, immediately, destan?n / accomplishment, success, destar m mill (for grinding, working by hand), destavêj adj, n aggressive; rapist, usurper, destbikar adj skilful, destbira m close friend, blood brother. ~t?/solidarity, destbombe / hand-grenade, destdan / help, support. ~? / alliance, destdirêj adj aggressive. ~?/ aggression, destdirêjik / pincers, deste m a group of ten; bunch of flowers. destebira(k) see destbira. destedengbêj n choir, chorus, desteg?r n helper, assistant, aide. destek1 n support; supporter. ~ dan vt support, -stendin vt be supported.destek2 m handle.destela? see desthelat.desleng see dest?eng.destexan/table (with a meal on it).destexanek / table-cloth.destê sibê n,adv (in) early morning.destgeh / workbench; loom.destger / wheelbarrow.destgir adj ready to help, philanthropic.-?/philanthropy, help. ~?(ya yeki) kirinw help (sb).destgiran adj clumsy. ~?/clumsiness. bi -i adv clumsily. des?girt?1 see desgirt?. destgirt?2 adj miserly, selfish, desthelanm see desthilan?n. desthelat see desthilat. desthev? / alliance, cooperation, desthilan?n / defiance, defying, dest hilan?n vi defy, oppose openly, defend os. ji -é ketin vi cease opposition, yield to (sb/sth). ji ~ê xistin vi break down (sb’s resistance).desthilat adj sovereign, dominant, n authority, delegated power. ~? / sovereignty, dominance, de?tik m handle. ~ê hawanê pestle, destir m (fire) tongs. desfi1 /bunch (of flower). dest?2 m earthenware water jug. destkar n 1 handicraft. 2 craftsman. ~?/ craft, craftsmanship, destket?/spoils, loot, destke? m thick gloves, destkir adj artificial, destki?andin / resignation, destliserdan?n / confiscation, seizure, destmal /handkerchief, destmêj see desmêj. destnimêj see desmêj. des?niv?s/ manuscript; calligraphy, destpelix? adj clumsy, awkward, destpêk/beginning, starting point. ~?(n) adj of or related to beginning, first, destpêker n starter, des?pêkvan n beginner, destpirt?k n handbook, destrawestek/ handbrake, dest?ok/ washbasin, washstand, sink.destteng adj in financial difficulties, -if financial difficulty, need (of money), dest?bird/preparation. ~(a xwe) kirin vi prepare (os.), get ready, dest?r'/permission, authorization, leave, -dan vi give permission, -stendin viget permission. - xwastin vi ask for permission. dest?r2/regulations or statues (governing an organization), dest?ryar adj on leave, on vacation, destvala adj 1 moneyless. 2 unarmed. 3 unemployed, destvekiri adj generous, destxet / handwriting, destxwaz adj in need of, needy. ~?/need. destyar n helper, assistant, de?t/geo plain, prairie. ~f n plainsman, dev m 1 anat mouth. 2 opening, entrance. - avêtin vi attack by words, use hard words. - germ vi be able to speak. ~(ê xwe) girtin vi be silent, be quiet. - lê kirin vi bite. - jê berdan vi leave, give up, stop doing (sth). ~ jê ger?n vi leave (alone); give up, stop doing sth. - ji hev ??n vi gape, gape with astonishment - (bi)~ adv personally, by talking. ~bi~a gotin vi tell personally, talk personally, devbigotin adj of one’s word, devbixw?n adj bloody, deven /shrub, bush, scrub, dever m place, region, location. ~? adj local, dever? adv,prep (lying, falling) face down, prone, pronely, devê rê m mouth of a road, junction, devgir/lid, cover; plug, devgirtek/bd, cover; plug, devgirt? adj secretive, discreet, dev?/bush, -stan/scrub, devken adj smiling, cheerful, devk? adj verbal, oral, (bi) - adv orally, (bi) ~ gotin vi express orally, devliken adj smiling, cheerful, devling see derling. devnerm adj kind, -f / kindness, soft words, bi -? adv kindly, devnex?n adj upside down, head down, devok m accent, devpifik/ harmonica, devr? see dever?.dev?er/snap dragon, bot Antirrhinum, devlije adj talkative, devxan/funeral meal. ~(a mir?) dan vt offer a meal after the funeral, devxwar adj crooked-mouthed, devxwarin / ration (food allowances), devzimank? adj palatal, dew m a drink made of yoghurt and water, watered down yoghurt, dewa A see derman, dewar m cattle, dewisandek/press, dewisandin (bidewis?ne) vt 1 trample, tread on. 2 press, crush. 3 flatten out. dewis? adj flattened, dewis?n (bidewise) vi be flatten out. dewixandin (bidewix?ne) vi 1 make (sb) faint, knock (sb) out. 2 choke, strangle, dewix?n (bidewixe) vi 1 be faint.2be choked, dewlemend adj rich. ~?/richness, dewlel / A state. D~ên Yekb?y? yên Amer?qayê The United States of America, dewlel? adj rich, dewr/A period, era. -an age. dews / trace, mark; place. ~(a yek?) girt in vt take the place of. ketin -a yek? vi take the place of (sb), replace, kirin ~ê vi replace, put in (sb’s) shoes, dewsgir see cihgir. dewsgirtin / replacement, dexes adj jealous, dexil /cereal, corn.dexisandin (bidexis?ne) vt arouse (sb’ s) jealousy.dexis?n (bidexise) vi be jealous of. dexl1 m protection, ketin -ê yek? vi take refuge behind (sb). dexl2,dexlik / drawer, dexsek c?? jealous, envious. ~t?/jeolousy. dexso adj jealous, envious, -t?/jealousy, dexwis?n (bidexwise) vi behave unfaithfully, avoid one’s duty, deyax/ resistance, endurance. - kirin vi endure, bear, resist, deyhn see deyn. deyin see deyn.deyn m debt. - dan vt lend. - kirin vtborrow. - stendin vr borrow, deyndar adj indebted, under obligation (to).Tu ~ê min?. You owe me/ You are indebted to me. - b?n vi get into debt, deyndêr n creditor, deyyar see mirov, kes. dezga see dezge(h)l 2. dezge(h) n 1 workbench. 2 loom. 3 administration, dez? m thread, dez? see dez?.dé/mother, -t?/motherhood. dêdik/a?nr spleen, dêdwan / scarecrow (of stones). dê(h) see dih.dêkane/mistletoe, bot Ficus di versifolia. d?V fpreff she, female (animals), -egur she-wolf, -ese bitch, -e?er / lioness. dêl2/stead. ji -? (ku) instead (of), ji -a instead (of). deU/tail.dêlindêz / a ceremony, formal procedures, dêl?/ vine (climbing), dêl?n / confusion, li hev - vi be bewildered, be confused, dêm / cheek, dêmar? / step-mother, dêm? / velvet, dên see deyn. der/church, monastery, dêran (bidêre) vt 1 interpret; express one’s opinion. 2 winnow, dêris adj ruined, dêr?n see kevn. dê?bav n parents.dêvl/stead, ji -a instead of. Ji -a avê ??r vexwe. Drink milk instead of water, dêw n demon, giant, di prep: di... de in, inside, di sarkerê de in the fridge, di ber de in place of, instead of, for (sb). W? di ber min de mêrek ku?t He killed a man for me. Ez di ber le de ??m I went in your place, di bin de under, underneath. Pis?k di bin masê de ye. The cat is under the table, di bin re under (an action). Em di bin pirê re derbas b?n We passed under the fridge, di cih de 1 in (its/ one’s) place. 2 well-timed. 3 right away, right off, at once, immediately, di gavé de adv right away, at once, di nav de inthe middle of, among, between. Di nav daran de gui heb?n There were roses among the trees. ?i di nav wan de heye? What is between them, di ... re through. Av di bor?yê re diherike The water is flowing through the pipe. Di ser re over. Di ser me re ?iv?k difirin Birds are flying over us. di teni?ta... de beside, next to. Ew di teni?ta min de r?ni?t. He sat next to me. dia see dua.dibe adj,adv possible, likely; perhaps, maybe, probably, possibly. ~t? / possibility, probability, likelihood, dibe ko see dibe ku. dibe ku adv probably, maybe, possibly. D~ ez werim. I will probably come/I may come, dibê see dive, dibi see dibe dibistan / school, dibit see dibedidandin (bidid?ne) vt crunch, crackle, dido m,adj two. -yan second, didu see dido.difa/defence.difin manat nose, nasal cavity, nasal bones.difr(e) /pride.difs/ grape molasses.digel prep with. ~ hev together. ~ min withme. - vê yekê/hindê adv in this respect,from this point of view; nevertheless, however.dih m village.dihar see diyar.dihêl / drum.dihn see dohn.dihtin see d?tindih?n see dohn.dij prep, adv against, opposite. -ayet?/?t? / contradiction.dijber adj against, opposite, n opponent, opposition. -if opposition, contrast, disagreement.diji adj,adv against, opposing, contrary. - (yek?) b?n/derketin vt oppose (sb). dijmin n enemy. ~ane adv hostilely, in a hostile mamier. ~ah?/at?/ay?/t?/enmity, hostility.dijraber / opposite. Sp? ~a re? e White is the opposite of black. ~? /opposition.dij?n/swearword, cuss. dijwar1 adj difficult, stern, tough, hard, -?/ difficulty, toughness, hardness, bê ~? adv without difficulty, bi ~?adv hardly, with difficulty.dijwar2 adj biting, sharp, hot (pepper), dik/divan (long backless seat), divan-bed. dikan/shop. -dar n shopkeeper, dil m 1 anat heart. 2 heart, love, centre of the emotions, ji - avêtin vt put out of the mind, forget. - dan vt love, fall in love. ~(ê yek?) bor?n vi faint, lose conscience. ~(ê yek?) ??n vi long for, desire. - heb?n vt intend, wish; desire. ~(ê yek?) hilgirtin vt be able to stand (usu in neg. form). ~(ê yek?/yekê) kelin (yek?/yekê) vi love, fall in love. ~(ê yek?) ketin cih vi be persuaded; feel relieved, calm down.kirin vt wish, aim, intend. ~(ê yek?) (ji yek?) man vi be offended, get tired of, get bored of. ~(ê yek?) ki?andin vi long for, desire. ~(ê yek?) lê r?ni?lin vi trust, rely. ~(ê yek?) li hev ketin vi feel sick, feel vommitting. ~(ê yek?) nerm kirin vi please (sb), persuade. ~(ê yek?) bi yek? ?ewit?n vi feel pity for (sb). ~(ê yek?) ?ikestin vi be offended, annoyed. ~(ê yek?) ?kenandin vt offend (sb), hurt (sb). ~(ê yek?) xistin cih vi persuade, di -é xwe de gotin vt pass through one’s mind, bê ~(ê xwe) adv unwillingly, bi ~(ê xwe) adv voluntarily; as one likes, jiadj,adv sincere, friendly, from the heart; sincerely.dilawer adj courageous, brave. ~?/cour- age. bi -? adv bravely, courageously, dilawir see dilawer. dilbaz adj diligent, hard-working, dilber adj.f charming; beautiful woman or girl. ~?/beauty, dilbest? / interest.dilbijok 'h adj (person) addicted (to), having a passion for, excessively fond (of), passionate lover of. dilbir?n adj sad, hurt, dilbiguman adj suspicious, doubtful; anxious, worried.dilbirehm adj merciful. ~?/mercy, mercifulness.dilbor?n/faintness. dil(ê yek?) bor?n vi faint, dil?ak adj good-hearted, kind, dil?esp adj attractive, dil??n / appetite, dilfê yek?) ??n (ti?tek?) have a longing for, desire, dildade see dildar. diidan? adj moving, touching, dildar adj,n in love; lover. ~(ê/? yek?) b?n vi be in love (with sb). ~? / love; being in love, dilday? adj in love, dildiz?/secret. dilêr adj brave.dilgerm adj genial, kindly. ~t/friendhness, kindness, geniality, bi ~? adv geni ally, kindly, dilge? adj happy, joyful, -if happiness, joy, joyfulness, bi ~? adv happily, joyfully, dilge?te adj offended, annoyed cross, dilgirt? adj.n beloved darling; in love; lover, dilg?r adj sad.dilhi?k ad) cruel.-?/cruelty. bi ~? adv cruelly, dilhov adj hard-hearted, stony-hearted, dil?n / feeling, dil?r see dilêr.diljar adj sad grieved sorrowful, dilkegik adj delicate and timid (man), dilket? adj in love, dilke? adj attractive. -if attraction, dilkoger adj carefree, playful, dilkul adj sad. ~?/sadness. bi ~? adv sadly, dilme see dilmê. dilmê n,adj (eggs) soft-boiled, dilnerm adj tender-hearted. ~?/tenderheartedness. bi ~? adv tender-heartedly, dilnexwaz adj hostile. -if hostility, bi ~? adv hostilely.dilniwaz adj pretty, lovable, likable, dilnizm adj humble, modest. ~?/humil- ity, modesty, bi ~? adv humbly, modestly. dilo(k)/ song (sung during wedding feasts), dilog/drop. ~ kirin vt drip. — adv drop by drop, little by little, dilovan adj tender, merciful, affectionate. ~?/affection, tenderness, bi ~? adv tenderly, mercifully, affectionately, dilpak adj well-meaning, straight-forward; good-hearted, kind, dilpaqij see dilpak. dilqew?n adj stout, stout-hearted.dilrawesl(in) / heart-failure, dilre? adj vindictive, rancorous; jealous. ~?/vindictiveness, rancour;jealousy, bi ~? adv vindictively, rancorously; jealously, dilsar adj uninterested, reluctant. ~? / reluctance, bi ~? adv reluctantly, dilsoj adj heart-rending, dilsoz adj loyal, trustworthy, faithful, -if loyalty, fidelity, bi ~? adv loyally, faithfully. dil?a(d) adj glad, happy, dil?ad?/gladness, happiness.dil?ewat/sadness, grief, sorrow, dil?ikest? adj offended, peeved, dilteng adj sad, bored, -if boredom, sadness, bi ~? adv sadly, dillenikud) soft-hearted; refined, subtle, graceful.diltep?n/feeling.Dil?k see Duluk.dilwesfan/heart-attack, heart-failure, dilxerab adj 1 malicious. 2 suspicious by nature, unbelieving. -?/malice. bi ~? adv maliciously.dilxurto//brave, stout-hearted. ~?/stout- heartedness. bi ~? adv stout-heartedly, dilxwesfin/ willingness, bi ~? adv willingly; voluntarily.dilxwest? n,adj volunteer; voluntary. dilxwe? adj pleased, satisfied. - bun vi be pleased, feel glad, feel happy; be satisfied. - kirin vt please, satisfy. dil(ê yek?) xwe? kirin vt please (sb). ~? / pleasure, satisfaction, bi ~? adv with pleasure.dimdim/epic song.Dimdim/ a historical Kurdish fortress. Dimil? n,adj a Krd dialect, of that dialect, dims/grape molasses, din n, adj, adv other, else, aJè ~ the other, ên ~ the others. ?n ~ nehatine The others have not come, wek? - what else, dinya f A 1 world. 2 weather. D~ sar e. It is cold, hatin dinyê vi be born, dinyaned?ftk) adj upstart, parvenu, diqdiqandin (bidiqdiq?ne) vt fickle, dir adj aggressive; predatory, predacious, diran m anat tooth. ~(ê yek?) ketin vi lose one’s tooth. ~ ki?andin vt extract a tooth. ~(ê xwe) q?? kirin/yrikandin vtgnash one’s teeth, show one’s anger. ~ên kurs?/pa?? n molars. ~ên pe?in n incisors. ~ên t?j n canine teeth, dirandin (bidir?ne) vt tear, rip. diranker n dentist. -if dentistry; being a dentist.diranke? n dentist. -?/dentistry; being a dentist.dirank? adj dental.diransaz n dentist. ~i/dentis try, being a dentist.diraset/study.dirav m money. -in adj monetary. ~dan?/ allowance.diravdar n cashier.diraz see dirêj.dirb see dir?v.direm?t see derem?t.dirende see dirinde.direng see dereng. ~? see dereng?.direx?an adj bright.dirêj1 adj long, tall. ~ bun vi get longer/ taller. - kirin vt 1 lengthen, let (sth) grow long; stretch. 2 extend, prolong. 3 exaggerate. -? (yeki) kirin vt 1 hand (sth) to (sb). 2 attack, xwe - kirin vt stretch out. dirêj2/awl.dirêjah? / length, height.dirêjay? see dirêjah?.dirêj? see dirêjah?.dirêjk? adv lengthways, lengthwise.dirence/stair's, ladder.dirêneek see direncedire?(k)/awl.dirêx/ negligence, -dar adj neglectful, negligent, -dar? / neglectfulness, bi -dar? adv neglectfully, negligently, dirh /mark, brand. - kirin vt mark, brand, dirhav see dirav. dirik / blackberry, dirindane adj wildly; mercilessly, dirinde m wild beast, dirist adj 1 honest, straightforward. 2 accurate, correct. - kirin vt correct, -if 1 honesty. 2 accuracy, bi ~? adv honestly, dir? m 1 thorn, spine. 2 thorny plant, thorn bush, bramble, dir?mok / blackberry, dirin (bidire) vi be torn, tear.dir?re?k / blackberry, bot Rubus frutirosus; bramble, dir?têi/barbcd wire, dir?x see dirêx.dirm / contagious disease. -? adj contagious, infectious.diru?m(e)/slogan. ~ avêtin vt shout slogans, dir?n (bidir?) see dir?tin. dir?ngeh / 1 workshop for sewing clothes, tailor’s shop. 2 harvest area, dir?nker n tailor, dir?tin (bidir?) vt sew. dir?v m shape; state; appearance; aspect; form (gram). - pê ketin vi look like. - pê xistin vt mistake (sth/sb) for (sth/sb else); liken, dir?vandin (bidir?v?ne) vt 1 shape, form. 2 mistake (sth) for (sth else); compare to. dirv see dir?v. dirz see derz, dismal see destmal. di?/ sister-in-law, wife’s sister. di?war see dijwar. divê see divêiin12.divêtin1 (bivê) vt have to; must. {W?) divê ew were. He has to come. (Min) navê ez li vira bim?nim. I don’t have to stay here. (Te) divê tu nerev?. You mustn’t run. divêtin1 (bivê) vt need. W? pên?sek divê. He needs a pen. Ma me dirav navê? Don’t we need money? divêt?,divêy? /1 obligation, necessity. 2 need, requirement, div?ya pt of divê. div?yah? see divêt?. diwaroj see duwaroj. diway? see duway?. diwêl/drum. dixan /smoke.diyar1 m place, native land, country, region. diyar2 adj uncovered, known, clear. ~ b?n vt appear, be known. ~ kirin vt disclose, reveal, make public, diyarde / phenomenon, diyar?/gift, present. ~ dan/kirin vt give as a gift.diz n thief. ~?/theft. ~? kirin vt commit theft, dizek adj thievish. ~t?/ thievery, diz? adj secret; hidden, concealed, bi -? adv secretly.diz?ka adv (bi) - secretly, diz?n (bidize) vt steal, diznêro n spy. d? see din. diba see hevr??im. d?bar see d?tbar. d?dar adj apparent, seen, d?de P see ?av.d?devan n watchman, observer, scout. ~? / observation. -xane / observatory, d?hn adj insane, mad, crazy, n mad person, ~ bun vi go mad. ~ kirin vt drive/ send(sb) mad. ~ê beraday?/per?e per?e maniac, raving madman, d?hnk? adv madly, crazily, d?hnt?/madness, craziness, - kirin vt act foolishly.dihnxane/mental hospital, mental home, insane asylum.d?k m cock, rooster. - bang dan vt (a cock) crow.d?ksilêman n zool hoopoe, d?l adj,n captive, slave, prisoner, (bi) ~ girtin vt tice captive, capture. - kirin vt make a slave of, enslave, d?lan / wedding feast, festival, merry entertainment, dilber see dilber. d?l?,d?lt?/slavery, captivity, d?lyar adj strong; brave, fearless, dim/cheek, d?max A see mej?. dimen / view, scenery, scene. d?n1 see d?hn. d?n2 see d?tin. d?n3 rn A religion.dindar1 adj religious, devout, pious. ~\f religiousness, devotion, piety. dindar1 f bot oak of Lebanon, d?nemêr m valiant. -?/ valor, ding /stone mortar, d?n k? adv madly, crazily. d?n(?/madness, craziness. - kirin vt act foolishly.d?nxane/mental hospital, mental home, insane asylum.d?qet /yi see bal.d?rok/ history. -? adj historical, -zan n historian, d?sa adv again, d?tbar adj visible.d?tin1 (biv?ne/bib?ne) vt 1 see. 2 find. d?tin2/view, opinion, idea, di -a yek? de b?n be of the opinion of sb. bi -a min in my opinion. ~?/sight, d?tir adj,pron other.d?wan / I hall. 2 collected poems. 3 public sitting (of a governor, council or judge), d?war m wall, d?yafram / anat diaphragm, d?yar see diyar, d?z see d?zik. d?zik n earthenware pan. do n,adv yesterday. ~ ne per the day before, dod see dot.dohn m 1 fat. 2 kerosene, doj see dojeh. doje see dojeh. dojeder / abscess, dojeh /hell, doj? see dojeh. dol1 n sort, offspring, seed. dol2 n valley, dolab /A cupboard, dolan/wooden aqueduct, open watershoot. dolek see dolik. dolik/vale. dolmik m courgette, dom: - b?n vi be continued, last. - kirin vt continue, last, domah? / duration, doman / process; duration, domandin (bidom?ne) vt continue, go on doing (sth).domdar adj continuous. - b?n vi be/ become continuous. - kirin vt make continuous; continue, -if continuation, bi -? adv continuously, dom?n (bidome) vi be continued, continue, last, don see dohn.donim/r a land measure of about 1000 square meters, donzde see donzdeh. donzdegirêk f anat duodenum, donzdeh m,adj twelve. ~an/em/em?n n,adj twelfth.donzdetilk/anal duodenum, doqik m mace (a weapon). dor1/surroundings, circumference, area around or near, di ~a... de/li -a around, li ~ aboil, approximately ; near. ~{a ti?tek?/yek?) girtin vt surround, encircle, siege, lay siege to. ~ H yek?/ti?tek? girtin vt surround, encircle, siege, lay siege to. di ~(a ti?tek?/ yekt) de ??n ? hafin vi run (after), hover around, di ~(a ti?tek?/yek?) de z?z b?n vi circle around (sth/sb). dor2/tum. bi ~ in turn, by turns. D~a min e. It’s my turn. ~bi~ adv in turn, by turns, dorait / surroundings, environment, dorbend/frame.dordar adj alternate. ~if alternation, bi -? adv alternately, dorgirtin / siege, dorgirt? adj surrounded, dorhêl / surroundings, dorlêpé?an / surrounding, beseiging, siege, dor lê pê?an vt surround, beseige, blockade.dormador prep all around, dorox P see derew.dorpê? / siege, blockade, blockage, -kirin/surrounding, besieging, siege. ~ kirin vi siege, besiege, blockade, dor?ber / surroundings, environment, dos see dojeh.dost? 1 friend. 2 lover, -a n e adj, adv friendly, -ant/friendship, bi -ant adv friendly, dostik/1 friend (lady). 2 lover, sweetheart, dosye / Fr file.do?: - b?n vi walk around, wander; wander around a place, do?ab see dims.do?andin (bido??ne) vt milk (an animal).do?av see dims.d??ek/mattress,do?ik see d??ek.do??n (bido?e) see dofin.dot/daughter. -mam/ paternal uncle’sdaughter. ~mtr/princess.dotin (bido?e) vt milk (an animal).dotir / the next, the following (dy, week,etc.) -a rojê the next/following day.dox/handle.doxik/small handle.doxtn/drawstring. -sist adj woman-chasing.doz/cause, purpose; demand; suit, lawsuit, action. - (lê) kirin vt demand, dozdan see dozdehan. dozdar adj claimant; plaintiff, dozde see dozdehdozdeh in, adj twelve, -an/em/emtn adj twelfth.dozex see dojeh.dozger n (public) prosecutor, attorney general.drav see dirav.dravdar see diravdar.drêj see dirêj.drêjah? see dirêjah?.drêjay? see dirêjay?.drêj? see dirêj?.drêx see dirêx.dr? see dirt,dr?re?k see dir?re?k.dr?têl see d?r?têl.dr?n see dir?n.dr?ngeh see dir?ngeh.drunker see dir?nker.dr?tin see dir?tin.dr?v ree dir?v.dr?vandin see dir?vandin.du1 m,adj two. ~yem/yem?n n,adj second.du2 see do.dua/ri prayer. ~ kirin vt pray, -dar adj well-wishing, -kar n (a) well-wisher, dual?n adj bilateral.dubare1 / 1 double deuce (at dice). 2 trick (slang).dubare2/repeat, repeating. ~ bun vt be repeated. - kirin vt repeat, dubarekt / conflict, dispute, dubendt/conflict; discord, disagreement, ducan adj pregnant. ~ b?n vi get pregnant, be pregnant.ducar adv double, again. ~ b?n vi be repeated. ~ kirin vt repeat, do(sth) again, -t/ repeat, repeating, -kirim/repetition. dudan n,adj second, dudev adj double-edged, dudi m,adj two.dudil adj hesitant, doubtful. ~t/hesitation, doubt.-1 kirin vt hesitate, bi ~t adv hesitantly, doubtfully, dudu m,adj two. duh n,adv yesterday, duht n,adv yesterday, dujmin see dijmin. dukelt adj boiling (for second time).~ kirin vt boil twice, dulêv?n adj bilabial.Duluk/a Krd city (now called Entab). d um belan/truffle, bot Tuber, dupé n,adj, zool Diplopoda, biped, duqas adj double, twice as great, duqat adj doubled, folded, double-storeyed, twice as great. ~ kirin vt fold, double. Min hatina xwe - kir. I doubled my income, dur m pearl, durd see flip.dureh adj of mixed race, of mixed blood. ~ kirin vt crossbred, dureng adj two-coloured, durez / couplet, durist see dirist,dur? adj double-faced, insincere, hypocritical. ~i? / hypocrisy. ~t? kirin v( behave or talk insincerely, bi -fl adv insincerely, hypocritically, durz?le/stinging nettle, foot Urtica diocia. dusibe/the day after tomorrow. du?axe n diphtheria.Du?em /Monday. duwanzde(h)/o<# twelve, duwaroj / end, outcome; future, duway? adj,adv final; then, afterwards, dux see dox. duxan see d?1, duxter P see keg. duzex see dojeh. d? 1 m smoke.d?2/the back, back side, rear, prep behind, after, in the back, li ~ behind, after, in the back, li ~ hi?t in vt leave behind, li ~ man vi stay behind, be left behind.d?3 see du.d?bare see dubare11. d?bi?k see d?pi?k. d?d see d?1.d?deman m 1 line, lineage, family. 2 generation.d?demay? n, adj remainder, rest, left over.d?jeh see dojeh.d?kel/steam, vapour.d?ke? / chimney.d?lop see dilop.d?m see dom.d?mah?k/continuation. ~? adj following. - heye to be continued {article or serial), d?meqesk/swallow, bat Hirundu.d?n(bid?) vt plaster, coat (sth) with plaster, d?nik/ ditto mark.d?n?ro n,adv afternoon, in/during the afternoon, d?pi?k / scorpion.d?r adj 1 far, distant, remote. 2 incomparable. (jê) (bi) - ketin vi 1 grow/become distant. 2 become a stranger to. ~ kirin vt remove (sth) from, take (sth) away from. - xistin vt set apart. ~(? yekti ti?tek?) b?n vibe dis tant (from), - nêz?k adv sooner or later. D~ Nêz?k ez ê weriin. Sooner or later F11 come. ~ ? drêj adj,adv in details, at great length, d?ra: ji ~adv from far away, fromagreat distance, li - at a distance, far away, d?ra see dure.d?rah?/distance, remoteness.d?ravêj adj long-range (rocket, etc).d?ray? see d?rah?.d?rbên see d?rb?n.d?rb?n /field glasses, binoculars.d?rb?sfik/ telephone.d?rdest adj far.d?rd?t adj far-seeing; far-sighted, d?rd?tin / far sight düre adv later on, later, then. - ??n/ hatin vi go/come later, d?reb?n 1 seed?rb?n. 2 adj,n far-sighted. d?rge(h)/islet, d?rik/song. d?ring/interval, d?rned?t adj short-sighted, d?rned?tin/short sight, d?rva see d?rve.d?rve odv at a distance, far, far away, ji d?r ve from a distant, from far away, d?tir adj following, roja ~ the following day. d?v m tail.d?vlerz?nk n yellow wagtail, zool Motacilla flava, d?vpi?k see d?pi?k. d?vstêrk/ comet, d?yin see d?n.d?z adj 1 flat. 2 straight 3 level. 4 smooth, - kirin vt smooth, flatten, level, d?zniv?sar / prose, dwanzde m,adj twelve, dwazde see dwanzde. dw?r see d?r.e ‘/the 6th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.e2 third singular of the present tense of b?n (to be); ye after avowel is. Ew xwendekarek He is a student. Piyan tije ye. The glass is full, eba /coarse woollen cloth covering the body from head to feet, cloak, ebab?lk n nightjar, zool Caprimulgus europaeus.ebdal1 n dervish, begging dervish, adj miserable, poor, begging. ebdal2 n quail, zool Coturniv coturnix. ebeden adv certainly; under no circumstances, never.ebed? adj A eternal, never ending, ebesor n vagrant, tramp, hobo, ebleh A adj stupid, foolish, ebor / patience, ebr see ewr. ebr? m eye brow.Ebr?l / April, eb?qat n It lawyer, eb?r see abor. eb?r? see abort, ecac see hecac.ecele adj.n A hasty; haste, hurry. ~ kirin vt be in a hurry.Ecem n,adj Persian, ecem? adj inexperienced, unskilled, ecêb adjj strange, curious, astonishing; strangeness, curiosity. ~ bi serê yek? de hatin vi experience sth strange. E- e! How amazing! ?i ~? How amazing? Qey ne ~ e! It’s unbelievable! Is it possible? ecêbgirt? adj astonished, amazed, ecêbmay? adj astonished, amazed. ~ hi?tin vt amaze, astonish, astound. ~ man vi be astonished, ecêw see ecêb.scibandin (biecib?ne) vt like, choose, xwe ~ vt be conceited, ecin see ecine. ecine n genie, jinni, demon, eciqandin (bieciq?ne) vt 1 crash, trample down, tread under foot. 2 depress, oppress, eciq? adj crushed, trodden; depressed, eciq?n (bieciqe) vi 1 be crushed, be trampled. 2 be depressed, be oppressed.ecneb? A see biyan?. ec?r m gherkin, bot Cucumis anguria. ec?z A see p?rejin. edalet A see dad. edawet A see dijminatf. edeb /A good manners, politeness, good breeding.edem see tuneb?n.edilandin (biedil?ne) vt make better, cause (sth) to become better; ameliorate, put in order.edil? adj good, nice; in order; improved, edilin (biedile) vi get better, be put in order, be improved, edimandin see hedimandin. ed?b A n literary man, writer, edl/t see dad. ed? A see dijmin.efare / those remained behind harvesting, efendi adj.mGk gentlemanly, polite; gentleman; Mister (used after a name), efnik? mouldy; mildewy; musty. ~ b?n vi mildew, get mouldy, efrandar n creator; maker, efrid m giant (in tails), efr?z see ron?. efsane f P legend; tale, myth. efser1 adj sad, unhappy. efser2/ crown.efser3 n A (mil.) officer. -é duyem (mil) lieutenant.efs?n/magic, spell, -dar adj enchanted, spell bound, magical, -kar n magician, -kar?/magic, witchcraft, -saz n magician, ef? / forgiveness, pardon. - b?n vi be pardoned, be forgiven. - kirin vt pardon, forgive, excuse, -ya gi?ti/amnesty, egal / the wool band that holds a kaffiyeh on the head. eger1 conj if, whether, eger2 f reason. -?/reason, justification, eg?d adj,n brave, courageous; hero, brave man.ehd see ahd.ehl m people.ehmeq adj stupid. ~?/ stupidity, ehmer A see sor.Ehrem m Satan, Sheitan, the Devil. Ehremen m God of wickedness (Zoroas-trian).Ehr?men see Ehremen.Eh?ramezda m God of goodness.ehwal m A state, condition.ehwal see tirs.ejder m dragon.ejmar see hejmar.ejno see ejn?.ejn? /knee.-ek1 indefinite artical a. kegek a girl.-ek2 diminutive suffix, also used with affectionate connotation. ek(i)l/flavour, taste, eks / obstinacy, stubbornness.Ekwator / Equator, glaf n seller of grains, elan?/news, information. ~ dan (yeki) vt let (sb) know. elb,elbik/ wooden bucket, elektr?k / electricity. eleyh A against, di ~ê w? de against him. elfabe f A alphabet, elhal A see niha.elimandin (bielimine) vrA teach, train; train (sb) to do or accept (sth); make (sb) addicted/used (to sth). elim? adj learnt; used to; addicted, elim?n (bitlime) vi learn; get used to. elind/dawn. eliqandin see aliqandin. el?l adj A ill, sick; handicapped, disabled, elk/vampire, elmas m A diamond, glo hello (used in telephone conversation), elok/turkey, em pron we; us.eman int Mercy! Help! Please! E~ yeman! For goodness sake./mercy, emanet m A 1 sth entrusted to another’s safekeeping, a trust. 2 check-room, baggage room.embar /grain cellar, warehouse, store, embaz f example, ember/scent, perfume. emel1 m act, action, work, performance. emel2 m diarrhoea, bi ~ ketin vi have a diarrhoea.emeldar see karker.emir m A age. E~ê te ?iqas e? How oldare you?emir/A order, command. ~ dan/kirin vt order, command, emirber n mil. orderly, em?r see mir. gmr see emir, emr see emir.emsal m similar case, person or thing, em?d? adj vertical, enbaz see heval.encam / A result, conclusion, destiny, an?n ~ê vt conclude, encame/hinge.encümen P f committee, commission, -a ?aredar?ye town executive council. endam1 n member. ~eti / membership. endam2 m anat limb, organ, endaze / measure, measurement, endazyar n engineer. ~ê/a avah?yan civil engineer, endel? n nightingale, endüstri/Fr industry. enerj?/Fr energy, enê / int mum, mother, enf P see poz. enflasyon fFr inflation, enginar/artichoke, bot Cynara scolimus. eng?r P see tir?.enirandin (bienir?ne) vt outrage, annoy, eniri adj offended, cross, outraged, enirin (bienire) vi get angry, be offended, be cross, eni{f anat forehead. tnffmilit front, enin see nalin.en??k/1 anat elbow. 2 elbow (pipe). Enqere/Ankara, Angora.Entab / a Krd city in Northern Kurdistan (Antep in Turkish). enzer?t/1 garden blossom, A? Impatiens balsamina. 2 balm of Gilead, bot Commiplora opobalsamum. eqil sec aqil er conj if, whether, erbane / tambourine, erbein P see ?el.erd m earth, land, territory. - ajotin vt plough, till. ~ rakirin vt plough, dig. bin ~ kirin/kirin bin ~e vt hide. bury, ling/pê dan ~ê vt insist, resist, erdaz n slate.êrdhêj/ earthquake. ~?n rgd seismic. ~zan ?seismologist. ~zan?/seismology, erdim /region, area, erdin adj earthly, of land, erdnigar adj geographical, -i/geography. Ereb ? Arab. ~in,adj Arabian, Arabic. -?stan /Arabia. -?stana Se?d? Saudi Arabia, erebe / cart; trailer; carriage; wheeled vehicle, ereba ga/oxen cart, ere particle contrasted with na yes. -kirin / approval. - kirin vt approve, -dani / acceptance, assent, -name/acceptance, erêna/indecision. di ~yê de man W hesitate. Erik! How amazing! eriyandin (bieriyine) vt agree to, accept to. erini adj positive.erjeng adj terrible, awful, disgusting; horrible, frightful.erjing ? Judas tree, red bud, bot Cercis silsquastrum. erk / duty, responsibility, erkdar adj on duty, responsible. Ermeni n.adj Armenian, -stan/Armenia, erm?? n silk.ern/fury, rage, wrath. ~(a yeki) danin become calm, calm down, erno adj stern, severe, strict, er? P see text 1. er?1 n A the highest heaven, er?s A see b?k- erwaz ? geo slope, side, erwend / trick, erx/irrigation trench, canal, erzan adj cheap. - b?n vi be/get cheap, become less expensive. - kirin vt re- duce/lower the price of, make (sth) cheap, xwe - kirin vt lower or demean os. -if cheapness, inexpensiveness, erzen / anat chin, erzêl / shack.erzên,erzing,erzinik/ anat chin, esas m,adj A basis; basic. ~en adv essentially, in fact, esbê A see till, esed A see ?er.esil m A the origin, the original, esir n midafternoon.es?d / a Krd. meal, esk tn shape, form.esker ? soldier. ~?/the military profession, compulsory military service, adj military, pertaining to the army, esmer adj swarthy, dark, brown, esnaf n A shopkeeper, esr A see sedsal. esrex / ceiling, estêr see stêr.e?a / the time about two hours after sunset nimêja - prayer performed two hours after sunset.e?ef / weed. - kirin vt weed a garden, clean a field, g??r/tribe. ~? adj tribal. e?k1 m forearm, e?k* see hêsir. e?kera see e?kere.e?kere adj obvious, clear, adv clearly, obviously. - kirin vt disclose, make public, reveal, e?k?l/ diameter. e?q A see ev?n. etar ? peddler, pedlar, etê n,int mum, mother, etik/elder sister.-et? suff forming nouns. etlah? / holidays, vacation; break, rest, pause. - kirin vt have a holiday, take a vacation, bê - adv continually. Etyopya / Ethiopia, ev dem pronJadj this, these. Ev ba? e. This is good. Ev ne ba? in. These are not good, eva demonstrpron this. - ha this one, this one here.evan demonstr pron these, evana see evan. evandin (biev?ne) vt love, evear adv this time, now. evd n A servant, slave; mortal, human being, man (in relation to God), gvdal see ebdal. evende see ev hinde, evê ha dem pron this one (here), ev hinde adv so much, that much, evitandin vt cause (sth) to swell up. evit?n vi swell, get swollen, ev?n/love, -dar adj in love, -dar b?n vifall in love, -dan / love, loving, evnate n sticks and twigs used in mud roofs, evor n chamois; hunting animal, evqas adv so much, as much, evqeys see evqas. evrandin (bievr?ne) vt bless, evrar adj holy, evraz see hevraz. ev reng adv such, so, like this, evris fbot a variety of juniper, evr??im see hevr??im. evro adv today, evser/crown, ev?ev adv tonight.ew perspron, demonstr pron/adj he, she, it, they; that, those. Ew mamoste ye. He/ she is a teacher. Ew kin in. Those/they are short, -?ax in that case, if so. -?end that much. - hinde, ~qas,~qeys adv that much, as much, so much, ewam A see gel. ewan demonstr pron those, ewana see ewan.ewd / revenge. - hilan?n vr get/take one’s revenge, revenge os on. e wil adv first, at first. -I adv first, at first, ewiqandin see awiqandin. ewiq?n see awiq?n.ewle adj confident, sure; safe. ~ b?n vi be confident, be sure; be/become safe, li yek?- b?n vi trust (in), rely (on), - kirin vt reassur e, assure, make sure, -hi/security, safety, -kar?/security, safety. ~y? adj of or related to security, ewl?ya m saint.ewr m cloud. bi~ adj cloudy. Dinya (bi)- e. It is cloudy.Ewropa /Europe. ~yi European. - Rojhilat Eastern Europe. - Rojava Western Europe, ewt ? -(e)- bark, barking, -(e)- kirin,kirin -(e)- vr bark, exder A see kesk-exiaq m A morals, morality, ethics, personal character, exter P see Stêr. eyan adj A clear, obvious.Eyar / March.eyar m skin, pelt, fur (of an animal), eyb/shame, disgrace, - kirin vt behave shamefully.eyd? adv henceforth, any more.eyd? see cejn.eylo n eagle.gyn A see ?av.ey nik/mirror.eyn? adj A the same, identical.Eyran / Iran, eywez adj ready.eywezandin (bieywez?ne) vt prepare, organize, ey wan / porch.eywax int Alas! E~ li min! Ah me! ez pron I; me. Ezben?! Sir, Ma’ am. Ez bi qurban! Please, I beg you, I am your servant, ezan see azan, ezez?/ezifi. ezfer A see zer.ezibandin (biezib?ne) vt tyrannize, torture, harass.ezib? adj tortured, harassed, ezib?n (biezibe) vi suffer, ezimandin (biezim?ne) vt invite, treat a guest with respect, ezing see êzing. ezit?/egoism, selfishness, ezm / (tailor) fitting, ezman m sky, space, -é dev,-dev m anat hard palate, soft palate, vellum, ezperest adj.n egoislic(al); egoist. ~? / egoism, egotism.Ezra?l m Azrael.ez?ez : - gotin vt praise os too much. ~f? /praising os, narcissism.ê1 the 7th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.-é2 poss. ending for m nouns, kurê min my son. ts poss. article,pron. for m nouns ê min mine, ê din the other (one). é4 int enough!é5 int And then (what happened), so, so what. é6 int Yes! êd see ên12.êd? adv no more, any more, from now on. êge/file (tool). ~ kirin vt file. êk?din,êk?d?,êkd?,êk?d?,êkd? adv oneanother, each other, êl / tribe.êleg m waistcoat, vest, êlo n eagle.êm m fodder, feed. ~ dan vt feed (an animal), emi? m fruit, êmroz see ?ro. em?eb see ??ev.tnl poss ending for pi nouns kurtn minmysons.ên2 poss article,pron for pi nouns ên min mine, ên her? ba? the best (ones), ên? see en?,ên?niv?s/one’s fate, destiny. ên?§k elbow.êr??/attack, offensive, rush, raid. ~ birin ser (yek?) vt attack, raid. ~(? (ser) yek?) kirin vt attack, msh to, raid, -geh/offensive base. -kar adj aggressive, -kart / aggression. bi -kariu<iv aggressively. -van n 1 raider. 2 (sports) forward.êrxat n day labourer, workman. -?/being a day labourer, êsk tn shape, form.e? / pain, harm, ache; suffering, sorrow. - pê ketin vi ache, ache grippingly. -a zirav / tuberculosis. ê§andin (biêf?ne) vt 1 hurt, cause pain to. 2 offend, hurt. ê§bir fadj analgesic, pain-killer. ê§iyan see ê§?n. ê??nl/suffering.ê§?n2 (biê?e) vi suffer, hurt, give pain, ache. dil(ê yek?) - vi feel deep grief, feel very sorry. dil(ê yek? bi yek?) - vi pity sb, feel compassion for. ê?lik m shirt. ê?nehes?/ analgesia, êt see hêt êt?n /limekiln.êvar/evening. E- ba?! Good evening! E~a te bim?ne xwe?! Good evening! (when leaving). ~?/k? adj,adv of evening; in the evening.êvitandin vi cause (sth) to swell, êvit? adj swollen, êvit?n vi swell up. êxistin (biêxe) see xistin. êzing m Firewood. - h?r kirin vt chop firewood, -van n seller of firewood; woodcutter, woodsman, -van? / cutting or selling wood, êzimx/ eczema.E?z?d? n,adj Yezidi, Yazidi; of or related to Yazidi.f/the 8th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.fah m / A 1 understanding. 2 intelligence, -kirin vr understand. -kor adj lacking in understanding. -kor? / incomprehension fah? adj ill-mannered, unmannerly, impolite. ~?/ rudeness,impoliteness. ~(e)(i see -?. fa?q adj A high; superior, excellent, fa?z / Afin interest, -xur n usurer, -xur? /usury.fal / A fortune-telling. - avêtin vt tell fortunes. - vekirin vt tell fortunes, -avêj n fortune-teller, -avêj? / fortunetelling, being a fortuneteller, -van n fortuneteller, -van? / fortunetelling, being a fortuneteller, fam see fahm.fa né le m 1 flannel. 2 pullover, sweater, fanos/lantern, lamp, -geh/lighthouse. Faris n,adj Persian. ~?/ Persian (lang.), farix see vala.Fas /Morocco. -? n,adj Moroccan, fasid A adj 1 distorted. - kirin vt distort. 2 bad. 3 wrong.fas?le n beans, fas?lê(n) hi?k dried beans, fas?lê(n) ??n beans, fas?l? see fas?le. fa?1 see fah?.fa?2 adj P disclosed, revealed.fa?ist adj.n ?t fascist, fa?izm/fascism.fatere?k see fatre?k.fatihe /A the opening chapter of the Koran.fatore see fa türe.fatre?k/onur spleen.fat ? re fit invoice.fazil A see zêde.fedi/feeling ashamed, shame. - kirin vr be ashamed, feel ashamed, bi -ye ketin vi feel ashamed, bi ~yê xistin vr shame, make sb feel ashamed, fedikar adj shy, ashamed. - derxistin vt shame, make sb feel ashamed, -i/ shyness. bi -i adv shyly, fediyok rgd shy, ashamed, fedkirin / look, watch, watching, fed kirin vr look, watch, fehêt/feeling ashamed, shame. - kirin vr be/feel ashamed, -kar adj shy. -kari/shyness, bi -kari adv shyly.fehim see fahm.fehit see fehêl.fehm see fahm.feh? see fah?.fekirin (febike) vr look. Te li diya xwe fedikir. You were looking at your mother, fekrandin (bifekrine) vt look, felat/liberation, fel? f A 1 paralysis. 2 hemiplegia, felek f A fate, destiny, feleqe / bastinado, kirin feleqê vr subject to a bastinado.feliqandin (bifeiiqine) vr divide in two. feli?andin (bifeli??ne) vr scatter, strew, feli??n (bifeli?e) vr be scattered, be strewn, felitandin see filitandin. felit?n see filit?n.felqe m half. - b?n vr be halved. - kirin vr halve, fern see fahm.fen1 / trick. - lê bun vr be deceived, be duped. - lê _kirin vr cheat, deceive, dupe. - ? fit n tricks, dirty tricks, bi - ? f?tan by dirty tricks. fen2 / A science; collective name for physics, chemistry, mathematics and biology; technology, fena adv,adj as, like, similar to. fend see fen. fenek see fenok.fenok adj deceitful, tricky. ~t?/deceitfulness, trickery.feq / snare, trap. - vegirtin vr set/lay a trap, ketin ~ê vr fall into a trap, feqe/eq? n student of religious schools, feq?r adj,n 1 poor, needy; poor person. ~? /poverty. 2 well-behaved, good, quiet (child).fer n, adj single, one. feraq see firaq.Ferat/the Euphrates.ferda /P future.fere n pot. -? fol pots and pans.fereh see fireh.ferenc see kulav.ferf?r n porcelain. -? adj of porcelain, ferheng/dictionary, -ok/vocabulary; pocket dictionary, -van n lexicogra-pher. ~van?/lexicography.fer?candin (biferic?ne) vi see, look.feric?n (biferice) vt see, look.ferisandin (biferis?ne) vt solve, settle (aproblem).feri?te n angel.ferib see xap.feriz see ferz.ferma see ferm?.fernian/order, command; decree. ~ dan vt order, command; issue a decree. ~ kirin vt order, command, fermanber a subordinate, fermandar n commander, commanding officer. -? / commandership, command post, command headquarters, fermanewa adj ruling, dominating. ferman?1 m coat (Krd style). ferman?2 gram imperative, ferm? adj formal, official, ceremonious. Fermo! Please, come in! Help yourself ! Fermu! see Fermo. ferq/A difference. ~\f difference, fersend/opportunity, occasion, chance. ~ d?tin v? find an opportunity. ~ pê ketin vj find an opportunity. ~zan n opportunist, -zan? / opportunism, fer?/flat rock, slab; rocky place, fer?en?/ forehead, ferx n young chicken, ferxende see bextewar. ferz adj A binding, necessary, ferzende adj brave young man. fesad adj,n troublemaking; troublemaker, -//stirring up trouble. ~? kirin vt stir up trouble, bi ~i adv in order to cause troubles.fesane see efsane.fe? adj bewildered,confused; routed, defeated, felbaz adj deceitful, tricky, fefilandin see fitilandin. felisandin (bifetis?ne) vt choke, strangle, drown (in), suffocate, fetis? adj drowned, choked, suffocated, fetis?n (bifetise) vi drown, be drowned; be flooded with; suffocate, fetiq n hernia, rupture, fetkirin see fekirin, fetwa / A muft?’s opinion on a matterinvolving the Islamic religious law. fewware see pet. feylezof n Gk philosopher, fê/epilepsy. -dar adj epileptic, teki m fruit.fel/trick. -baz n,adj trickster; tricky. ~baz?/ trick, trickiness, fêm see fahm. fenik see hênik.fêr/learning, understanding. ~(?t i?te k?) b?n v? learn. -(?yek?) kirin vt teach, ~dar?/exercise, -geh / classroom, fêris adj brave, stouthearted, fêrmend n teacher, fêrmisk/tear (of eyes), fêtok adj bashful, shy. fidakar adj self-sacrificing, self-denying. ~?/self-sacrifice, self-denial, fihrist P see pêrist. f?k’/slit, split.f?k2 / being even, having no score to settle. ~ b?n vi be quits, be content with. - ldrin vt call it quits, solve, fikar/worry, anxiety. - kirin vt worry, be anxious. ~e / worry, anxiety. fik(i)r/A idea, thought, fikirandin (bifikirine) vt make (sb) think, fikirin (bifikire) vi think, li ser - vi think of, consider, think about filan adv so and so, such and such. ~ bêvan and so on, et cetera. ~kes ? Mr so and so. File n 1 Christian. 2 Armenian, fileh see file.Filistin/Palestine. -? n,adj Palestinian, filitandin (bifilit?ne) vj rid of, rescue, filit?n (bifilite) vi get/be rid of, escape, become free of.fil?m m Eng film, -?êker n producer.filk see ke?t?.filori see paqij.filq adj shabby, poorly dressed,finaz /trick.find/candle, -dank/candle stick, candle holder, findeq see bindeq. fiqerojk / mushroom. fir1 sip, sup (of a liquid). ~ek av a sip of water.fir2/flight. - dan xwe fly. (bi) -e ketinvi take off, take wing, fly. (bi) ~ê xisfin vr fly (sth), let (sth) fly. fira adj flying; evaporable; volatile, firandin (bifir?ne) vr have (sb/sth) fly, let (sth) fly, fly.firaq m pots and pans, the dishes. ~ ?u?tin vt wash up the dishes. ~alês n,adj flatterer.firar Ain deserter, fugitive. 2 /running away, desertion. ~ kirin vt desert, flee, run away.firar?/desertion, fleeing, running away, fira van adj plentiful, much, firav?n/lunch. ~ xwarin vt have a lunch, firax see firaq.firaxalisk: tillya -//index finger, forefinger.firaz see hevraz.fir?e / Gk brush. ~ kirin vt brush. - lê xistin vt brush, fir?a diranan/tooth brush. fire,fireh adj wide, spacious, broad, roomy. - b?n vi widen, broaden, be wider, expand, - kirin vt widen, broaden, make wider.fireh?/width, wideness, bi ~? adv widely, in width, firende n bird.Fireng? n, adj European, firerê?/ airline.firêz/couch grass, hot Agropyron repens, firêze / stubble field, firfir/slurping, sipping noise, firfirok/moth (attracted to light), firincem??k / sweet basil, hot Ocimum basilicum. firinde' ? bird. firinde2 see balafir.Firing/Europe, firing!/ tomato.fir?k m green ear (of barley, etc), fir?n (bifire) vi fly. firi?ie see feri?te.firk1 adj widely set, sparse, seldom, at infrequental intervals. firk2 adj cramp, spasm firkandin (bifirk?ne) vr rub. firmêsk see firmisk. firmisk n tear of (eyes), firne / Gk 1 bakery. 2 oven.firnik/ nostril, firoher m soul.firoke1 adj flying; evaporable, vapourlike; volatile. firoke2 see balafir.-firo? stiff mea/ang seller (ofi; go?tfiro?,etc. firo?er n seller, salesman. ~? / shop; being a seller.firo?kar see firo?er. ~? see firo?er?. firo?yar see firo?er. ~? see firo?er?. firotin (bifiro?e) vt seli, firsend see fersend, fir?teng adj nervous, angry, firtone/h storm, firx?n / horse cart.fis/fart. ~ kirin vt 1 fart. 2 mate (of birds), fisos/ermine, stoat, hot Mustela erminea. fisteq/ pistachio nut. fistiq?n (bifistiqe) vi slide, slip, fi?fi?ok adj snotty-nosed, fi? kirin vt blow one’s noise, fi?ne/Morello cherry. fi?tix?n (bifi?lixe) vi slide, slip, fi tar/the breaking of Ramadan fast at sunset, bi - (sb) who is not fasting. ~(a xwe) vekirin w break one’s fast, fitil/curve, bend (in a road). - dan xwe vr turn, take a curve, fifilandin (bifitil?ne) vt make (sb/sth) turn around.fitilin (bifitile) vi turn around, make a turn, turn, take a curve (in a road), fitilok see fitlok.fit?l/wick (of a candle, lamp, etc), fitlokjfitlonek/curve, bend (in a road), fitne /A discord, dissension (caused by sb not actually involved in it), fitrak/lasso.fitre / alms required to be given at the close of Ramadan, fitrik/cork. fit?r see sisti.fidakar see f?dakar. ~? see fidakar?. fikandin (bif?k?ne) vr whistle, lê - vt whistle at/to.f?kf?kfwhistle, whistling sound, - kirin/ kirin - vr whistle, fik? see fêk?.f?k?n / whistle, whistling sound. ~? /whistle, whistling sound fil n elephant. -dran m ivory, filket/ safety-pin. fincan fA cup.Finlanda / Finland. ~yi n Finn.Firewn mA 1 Pharaoh. 2 cruel person, firket see filket.fistan m 1 dress (lady’s). 2 loose robe. fi?/Fr plug, fi?ek see fi?eng. f??eng/cartridge (of a gun). fiz/~(e)~ whizzing. ~(e)~ kirin,kirin -(e)- vt whiz, fizin (bifize) vi whiz.fizini/whizzing, kirin ~ vt whiz, fodil adj magnificent, very beautiful, fort m boast. ~ kirin vt boast. ~ li yeki kirin vt boast to (sb). ~ek adj boastful, foto m Gk photo, photograph, -ke? n photographer.frêqet b?n vi be set at ease, be comfortable, fr??k m stomach.fr?maye adj coarse, vulgar, common.fuad see dil.fut?r fP stop, rest.für/boil, boiling. ~ bun vi boil.f?r?n (bif?re) vi boil.f?tbol fEng soccer, football.g/the 9th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.ga1 m ox. ~ dan vt mate a cow (with).-ga2 see -geh2.gakov? n wild ox, kind of buffalo, galegal/conversation, chat, talk. ~ kirin vt chat, talk, galgal see gaiegal. galok n ox-goad, g?lte m joke. ~ kirin vt joke, gam / thresher.gamas? n walrus, tool, Odobenus rosmarus. game? n buffalo.gan1 m soul, spirit. -? adj moral, spiritual, psychological. gan2 (bigê) vt mate.-gan3 suff. forming n and adj, eg: bazirgan. gangilok/ crocus, meadow saffron, bot Colhicum.garan/herd (of cattle), the place cattle are gathered.garis rn millet, millet plant, bot Panicum miliaceum. ~ê Stembolê m Indian corn, gar?te m beam.gars?n / the square in the centre of a village.garte / sledge, sleigh.gasin1 see g?sin. - kirin see g?sin kirin.gasin2/square, field. gav‘/step. ~ avêtin vt take a step, make a progress. - bi ~ step by step, gradually. ~(ên yek?) li hev gerin vi trip on one’s feet, get one’s feet tangled up. gav2 / moment, instant. ~a ku when, while. G~a ku min tu d?t. When I saw you. vê ~ê at this moment, now. wê ~ê then, ji wê ~ê ve since then, ?i ~ê when; whenever, her ~ always, gavan n herdsman.gavber / opponent, (a) rival; competition.gave adv for now, for the present, for the time being; so far.gavina(n),gavgavina(n) adv sometimes, now and then, gawir see kafir, gaw?k n bedbug.gaz ' fLat 1 kerosene. 2 gas. gaz2 f pliers, pincers, gazegaz see q?req?r. gazin m reproach, complaint. ~ kirin vt reproach, complain. Ew -an ji te dike. He is complaining about you. gazine see gazin, gazinc? see gazin. gazind(e) see gazin, gaz? / call; cry; shout. ~ kirin vt call, shout, ??n/hafin ~ya yek? vt go/come to (someone’s) aid, go/come to help sb. -ge see -geh2.geb?l / watery, mushy food made of grape juice. ~T adj watery, mushy. Gecok / February, ge? see gê?.geda adj wretched, miserable, gede n child. ~t?/ childhood, gedek see gede. ~tf see gedet?. gef/threat, intimidation, -dan vt threaten, intimidate.gefandin1 (bigefme) vt threaten, intimidate.gefandin2 / intimidation. geh1 m mat joint.-geh2 suff place, girt?geh, ?êregeh, etc. geh3 adv-~ sometimes ... sometimes, now ... now. - raket? ~ hi?yar sometimes asleep sometimes awake, now asleep now awake, gehandek see g?hanek. geh?nek/ stage, phase, gejgering/whirlwind, storm, gel m 1 nation. 2 people. ~? adj popular, gelac adj,n seditious, trouble-making (person); trouble-maker. ~? / sedition, treachery, gelale f anat tonsil.Gelarêzan / 21st October to 20th November, October.Gelavêj see Gelawêj.Gelawêj / month: 1 21st August to 20th September. 2 July. 3 August, gelek adj,adv much, many, a lot of. G~ pirt?kên min hene. I have a lot of books. ~? (for) a long time; much, many. Ez ~? li benda te mam. I waited for you for a long time.gelemper adj general, public, bi -? in general, generally.gelem?e/difference (of opinions); conflict, geler ad} popular, national, gelêrandin vt nationalize, gelêr? adj popular, national. gelh(e)/population, number of inhabitants. gelhay? adj of or related to population. gel?1 m mountain pass; long and narrow valley; gully, gorge. gei?!5 int 0! Deal'! gel?3 see gel. gelo inten-1 wonder. gel?1 /problem, matter. gel?2/difference, divergence of view. ~? / disagreement, conflict, difference, gel? / centre.gelvi?andin (bigel vi?ne) vfcrample, crush, gelzanist? / ethnology. gelzan(istyar) n ethnologist, gemar / dirt, filth. ~i adj dirty, soiled, filthy, polluted.gemirandin (bigemir?ne) vt deform, decompose.gemir? adj deformed, decomposed.gemir?n (bigemire) vi be deformed,decompose.gem? see ke?t?.gene,gencine / treasure.general n Fr milit general.gengaz adj 1 easy. 2 possible. -? / 1easiness. 2 possibility, opportunity.genge??/argument. ~ kirin vt argue.genim m wheat. ~? adj wheaten; lightbrown, dark-skinned; wheat colour.genim?am? m maize, Indian corn.genimok m Indian corn.gen? adj rotten, stinking. - bun vi smellrotten, stink. - kirin vt stink, make (sb/sth) stink.gep/1 anat cheek. 2 morsel, bite of food, gegik see gep 1.ger /1 trip, travel. 2 excursion; tour. 3 circulation, ??n ~ê vi go on a trip, -name / travel book.ger11 conj if. 2 should, must.gerlfgeo pond-like part of a stream.-ger3 suff maker, doer.gera/ spawn, roe, eggs of insect, etc.geran / management, administration; government.gerandek?/management, administration. gerandin1 (biger?ne) vt 1 show around, take through, take (sb) for a walk. 2 manage, administer. 3 turn, rotate, lê - vt wind or wrap (sth) against (another), wrap, encircle, ser? lê ~ vt detain, delay (sb). rê? ~ vi follow a trail. gerandin2 / management, administration, gerand? adj gram transitive, lekera - transitive verb, gerane gram subjunctive, ger?? adv P although, though, gerd / ash.gerden/throat, neck. ~?/necklace, gerdensor n European robin, robin redbreast, zool Erithacus rubecula. gerd fin/the cosmos, the universe. -? adj universal, cosmic.gerd?s / 1 excursion, outing, tour. 2 turning, rotating.gerek adj, conj necessary, should, must, geremol /complexity, complicated matter, confusion, gerew see giraw.gerger?nok / spiral, helix; waterspout, whirlwind.gerihan (bigerihe) see ger?n. gerisand?n (bigeris?ne) vt crush, ger?n (bigere) vi 1 stroll, move around, walk. 2 travel, go on a trip, dest jê ne - vi be unable to leave (sb/sth), love being with, dest lé ne ~ vi be unable to kill or harm, jê - vi leave in peace, leave alone, lê - vi 1 look for. 2 twine (around), be wrapped (around/with). li ber ~ vi beg, entreat, plead.ger?nende n manager, director, ger?nok see gerger?nok. ger?yan see ger?n.germ1 adj hot, warm; friendly. ~ b?n vi grow warm, be warm, become hot. - kirin vf warm, heat. ~ah?/heat, warmth. ~av / hot spring/water, thermal spring/ water. ~ay? / heat, warmth. ~? / heat, warmth, -jimer /thermometer, -ker/heater. germ2 heat/.germes?k m worthless cloth or fabric.germi?k / pimple, germiyan / wintering, germiyandin (bigermiy?ne) vt enliven, bring to life.germok/Jamaican pepper, hot Pimenta officinolis. gernas n hero.gerok ? traveller, tourist, adj roaming, wandering. ~tf/roaming, travelling, gers fhot tamarisk, ger?/dirt, filth.ger?/focus, focus point, centre, gervan n tourist. ~if tourism, gesik see gezik. gestin (bigeze) vt bite, ge? adj 1 shining, shiny. 2 cheerful, joyous. 3 strong. ~ kirin vt cheer (sb) up, refresh. ge?t/1 travel. 2 begging, ??n ~ê vi travel, go on a travel, ge?t? see ke?t?. ge?tname/travel book, gevende adj idle. ~t?/idleness, geveze adj talkative, chattering. ~t? / chatter, chattering, idle talk. ~t? kirin vt chatter, talk idly, blab, geviz see gevz.gevizandin (bigeviz?ne) vt cause (an animal, etc.) to roll about or to wallow, xwe ~ roll about (animals on back, with pain, etc.), struggle and kick about while lying, wallow,geviz?n (bigevize) vi roll about (animals on back, with pain, etc.), struggle and kick about while lying, wallow, gevz/rolling motion. ~ dan vt roll about (animals on back, with pain, etc.), struggle and kick about while lying, wallow, gewad n pimp, procurer, gewde m body, gewende n musician, gewez rn,adj red. gewher1 m jewel, gem. gewher2 m,adj whitish, light grey, gewirandin (bigewirine) vt whiten, gewixandin (bigewix?ne) vt choke, gewl adj insolent, arrogant, haughty, gewr m,adj light grey, whitish, gewre adj big, large.Gewrê n girl’s name.gewrik adj whitish, fair-skinned. gewri1 / throat; crop; pharynx; larynx. gewri2/strait. G~y a ?anakkale Dardanelles, gewz see gevz.gewzandin (bigewz?ne) see gevizandin. geyandin see gihandin. geyi?tin see giha?tin. gey?n see gihan.gez1 /bite. ~ kirin vtbite. - lê xistin vt bite. gez2/ tamarisk, hot Tamarix. gezandin (bigez?ne) vt bite, gezgezik see gezok. gezik/broom.gezize/bell-flower, hot Campanula; bluebell, gezok/stinging nettle, hot Urtica diocia. geztin (bigeze) vt bite, gê? adj 1 chalk. 2 gypsum, plaster stone, gêj adj t stupefied, dazed. 2 stupid, silly, foolish, - bun vi become stupified or dazed, confuse. - kirin vt stun, stupefy, daze, gêj if silliness; dazedness, gê jlok/cinqucfoil, hot Potentilla reptans. gêjnok / parsley, hot Petroselinum lati folium.gêjo n,adj stupid, silly, foolish, gelas/cherry, gêlaz see gelas.gêr/roll, rolling. ~ bun vi be rolled. ~ kirin vt roll.gêr1/turn. G~a me ye. It's our turn. -gêr2 suff maker, doer, gère'/threshing. - kirin vt thresh, -van n thresher (person). gère2 see gêrik.gêrevêre1 adj in disorderly haste. gêrevêre2 adv approximately, gêrik ? ant, zool Formica, gêrm?/soup. gês? see kez?.gêzbelok/1 goatsbeard. 2 salsify, gêzer/carrot, gêz?/broom, gi see g??.gid?! int Ah! You! O! gid??/bale, stack of stalks of grain, gift?go see guft?go. giha see giya.gihan (b?gihê) vi 1 arrive, reach. 2 mature, ripen; grow. - hev vi be reunited,meet. ~ ser? vi be accomplished. gihandin1 (bigih?ne) vt get (sb/sth) to a place, get (sth) ready in Lime, make (sth) reach (sw/sth). - hev vt reunite (sb) with, make them meet. gihandin2 (bigih?ne) vt train. gihandin3 / training, giha?tin (bigihêje) v; 1 arrive, reach. 2 grow up, mature, ripen, giha?t? adj ripe, mature; adult, grown up. gihay? adj matured, ripen, gihêj?n see giha?tin. gihi?tin see giha?tin. gihi?t? see giha?t?.gih??tandin(bigih??t?ne) .ree gihandin.gij adj stern, harsh; thornlike. ~ kirin vt incite (sb) to do sth bad, instigate. ~kirin / provocation, instigation, gijgij? adj curly.gijn?j m coriander, hot Coriandrum sativum.gijomijo adj very messy, in completedisorder,gil n clay; mud.gileh see gil?.gilêne/cornea.gilgil m maize, Indian com. ~ê Stembolê m Indian corn, corn, gilih see gil?. gilih van see gil?van. gil? m 1 complaint. 2 remark, word. - kirin vr 1 complain. 2 talk about, mention, talk.gil?bêj n complainer.gil?dank/ vocabulary.gil?van n plaintiff, claimant.gilmi(k) n tumour.gilok/ball (of wool, thread, etc).gilol adj round, spherical.gilolik / bobbin; shell.gilover adj round, circular; spherical, globular.gilp1 used as got gilp ? ... in an instant,in a trice.gilp2 hollow or booming sound. —a dil bun vi (heart) beat violently, gilyas /cherry.gimgimok n lizard zoo! Lacerta. ginc? m cardigan, buttoned sweater, gindêr adv. ~b?n vrroll, tumble. ~ kirin vt roll (sth), tumble.gindirandin (bigindir?ne) vr roll (sth), tumble.gindir?n (bigindire) vr roll, tumble, gindor m roller made of stone and used for smoothing andpacking roofs or roads, roller. - kirin vi roll. gir1 m hill. gir2 adj large.gir m rancour, grudge. ~ girtin vt have a grudge (against), be full of rancour (against), giram n respect. ~ girtin vt respect, bi ~? aid respectfully, -gir ad/respectful. ~gir? /respectfulness.giran adj heavy; serious; difficult; slow; expensive. ~ ?rotin vt sell at high price, giran bar? / ordeal.giranbiha adj valuable, precious, costly. girane1 n anvil.girane2 adj important, considerable, giran? / weight; influence, girar / pilaf, girav / island, girave/peninsula.giraw/pledge, security, bi ~? dan vt give (sth) as security for loan, girbêj/riddle, screen, coarsely meshed sieve.gird1/mil detachment. gird2 see gir2. girdav/abyss, girde/hip.girdek/capital (letter), girdik n muscle, gire/tumour.giregir adj,n influential, powerful, essential, major (person, thing), giregir/a clap of thunder, thunder. ~a ewran thunder, gireba / tumour, girêgik fanat joint.girêdan1/ compact, treaty, agreement, contract.girêdan2 (girêde) vt tie, fasten, attach to. bi hev ~ vt bind together, pê ve ~ vt bind to/with, attach to.girêdan?/tie, connection, interrelationship, girêdank/pact, compact, girêday? adj 1 tied bound. 2 dependent (on). 3 related (to), connected (with), (biyek?/?i?tek? ve) ~ b?n vi be dependent on (sb/sth), be connected with (sb/sth). girêk1 / 1 knot. 2 difficult problem. 3 gram conjunction. ~ lê xistin vt tie with a knot, -a pê/anat ball of foot. ~ên dest n anat knuckles. girêk2 /tumour, girêz/saliva, girgir see giregir. girgire n important person, girik m small hill, hillock, giris weeping, crying. ~pê ketin vi start crying, cry. bi - kirin vt make (sb) cry/ weep, cause (sb) to cry. girihan (bigirihe) see girin, giriftar see girt?1, girin (bigir?) vi weep, cry. gir?ng adj important, serious. -?/ah? / importance.gir?yan (bigir?) see girin.girin / ~e~ booming sound, boom, girmandin (bigirm?ne) vt boom, make deep or resonant sounds, ginnik/ (clenched) list, girmist/ fist (clenched), girm?n?/boom. ~ pê ketin vi boom out. kirin - vt boom.girn?g/1 burdock, hot Arctium. 2 cockle bur, bot Xanthium.gi rover adj 1 round, circular. 2 spherical, globular. ~ kirin vt round up, give a circular or spherical shape, giroveri/ roundness; sphericalness, girs adj large.girse m mass, the masses. ~y? adj massive, of or related to the masses, girsk/ wild pear.girtin’ (bigire) vt 1 hold, take hold, take; capture, catch. 2 receive, pê ~ vt hold, grip, grab, pi?t - vt support, back. ~ ser vt raid, attack, xwe li ber (ti?tek?) ~ vt resist, endure, bear, li yek? ne~ vt excuse, pardon. Li min negire. Excuse me. -a heyvê f ast r eclipse (of moon). girtin2 (bigire) vi close, shut, devê xwe ~ vt stop talking, become silent, devê yek? ~ vt reduce (sb) to silence, make (sb) stop talking.girt?1 n person who is under arrest, prisoner, captive, adj arrested, captive. ~yê ?er prisoner of war. -geh/ prison, jail, gaol, ketin ~gehê vi go to prison, avêiin ~gehê vt send to prison, kirin ~gehê vt send to prison, girt?2 adj closed, shut, girt?nek/ receipt, voucher. gistfl(k)/ring. gi? fiadj all, total, whole, gi?k see gi?. gi?k? adj general, gi?t see gi?. gi?tik see m gi?t? adj general, public. gi?xwer adj omnivorous, gi vale/mi/h company, givande / slop, embankment, giva?tin (bigive?e) see guva?tin. giv?j / buckthorn, bot Rahmnus. giya/grass, herb.giyaben??t/cat’s foot, bot Antennaria diocia. giyaberk / canary grass, bot Phalaris canariensis.giyagêsk/broom, besome, bot Cytisus. giyagirê?k/knot grass, bot Polygonum aviculare. giyajeng/weed.giyakitik / valerian, bot Valeriana officinalis.giyan m soul, spirit. ~ dan (yek?/ti?tek?)vr revive, enliven, bring to life; encourage. ~(ê xwe) dan vt die, give up the ghost, giyan? adj psychological, spiritual, moral, ethical.giyaqep??k/periwinkle, bot Vinca, giyaxwer ? herbivore, adj herbivorous, gizêr / carrot, g [see gi?. _ g?ha see giya. g?han (big?hê) see gihan. g?handin (b?g?h?ne) see gihandin. g?hanek grm conjunction, g?l/mud.g?s(i)k n one-year-old kid. g?sin m ploughshare. ~ kirin vr plough. ~ lê xistin vr plough, g?tik m anat tibia, shin bone, g?zok/ anat anklebone. go1/ball.go2 see guh.gobaz n player (in the games involving a ball), godar see guhdar.godar?seeguhdar?. - kirin veeguhdar? kirin.godarvan see guhdarvan.gog/ball. (bi) ~ê l?stin vt play (a game involving a bail), gohirandin see guherandin. gohir?n see guher?n. golf geo lake, golik n calf, gom / farm, gome m large stone, g?mlek/ shirt, gon m colour, appearance, gopal m thick stick with a curved head, club. gor1 adv according to, as to, in respect of. (li) ~(a) according to/as, in respect of, in one’s opinion, (li) -(a) min in my opinion. gor2 / appropriateness, suitability, fittingness. -a (yek?/ti?tek?) b?n vi be suitablc/appropriate for or suited to (sb). Ew -a hev in. They are suited to one another.gor / grave, tomb, -istan / graveyard, cemetery.gora see gor12. li - see gor12. gorandin see guherandin.Goran?/a Krd dialect, gore/socks, stockings. gor(i)m/sister-in-law, wife’s sister, goriz/(wood, etc) armful, gor? n 1 martyr. 2 sacrifice. Ez ~! I give my life as a sacrifice for you. Please! I beg you! gor? adv: - (yek?/ti?tek?) b?n vi fit, be the right size and shape for. gorin see guher?n. gor?? m bunch (of grapes).go? P see guh.fgo?e / corner.7go?t m meat, -f?ro? n butcher. ~firo?? / butchery, butcher’s trade or business. ~firo?xane/butcher’s shop. go?tnexwer n,adj vegetarian, go?t?can girtin vt gain weight, come to life, become active.go?txur see go?txwer.go?txwer n,adj carnivore; carnivorous.go?war see guhar.gotar/1 speech. 2 article (in a newspaper, etc). 3 word, gotarbêj n public speaker, orator, gotarvan n speaker, gotin'/word, saying; rumours; speech. G-a te ye. You are right. gotin2 (bibêje) vt say, tell, di ber xwe demutter to (os). ~ qey vt think that. gotinxwe? adj good (company), delightful (words).got?bêj/discussion, negotiation, - kirin vt discuss, debate, negotiate, got?go see guft?go. got?got / hearsay, rumour(s), gossip, gov /end / Krd dance performed by holding hands in a half circle, ketin ~ê vi join the govend.goy ger n player (in the games involving a ball), goyin/turn (of duty); watch (of a sentry), goyinger n person on duty; sentry, watchman, goy?n n wood pigeon, zool Columba, goz see gw?z. gozan see g?zan.grew / Fr industrial action, strike. - ?êkirin vt go on a strike, di ~ê de b?n vi be on a strike, ??n ~ê vi go on a strike, -a bir??nê/hunger strike, -van n striker, gu see guh.guft/speech, -?go/discussion, negotiation, debate, deliberation, exchange of views; dialogue, guftar / speech.guh m anat ear. - dan vt listen, pay attention to. -(e yek?) birin vt ring one’s ear. - lê b?n vi pay attention to, listen to.lê kirin vt listen, obey, conform to. ~(ên xwe) mi? kirin vt prick up one’s cars, avêfin pa? ~(ê xwe),pa? ~(ê xwe) re avêfin vt be indifferent, be unconcerned, pay no attention, ber ~(ê xwe) re avêtin vt be in different, be unconcerned, pay no attention, ber ~(ê yeki) kefin vi get word of. -é derve m external ear. -é hundir m internal ear. -é nav?n m middle ear. guhan m udder.guhar m carring, guharin see guher?n. guharok / fuchsia, guharfin1 (biguhere) see guhertin1. guhartin2 see guhertin2. guharjo see guherto. guhastin1 / transportation; moving. guhastin2 (biguhêze) vt 1 transport. 2 move, remove (to a new place). 3 carry, guhaztin see guhastin. guhdan / attention, guhdar n listener.guhdar? / listening, (li yek?/ti?tek?) ~kirin vt listen to (sb/sth). guhdarvan n listener, guhdêr adj attentive, guhdêr?/supervision; attention, guher/flat, open place for the resting of domestic animals.guherandin (biguherine) vt change, replace with, pev/bi hev - vt exchange (sth) for (sth else).guher?n1 (biguhere) vi,vt vary, change. guher?n2/ change, variation. guhertin1 (biguhere) vt exchange, change; vary; transform. guhertin2/change, variation, guherto / variation, guhêr see guhêz.guhêrbar adj changeable; variable, guhêrk/1 turning point/place. 2 eXception, variation. 3 spare part. guhêrker/1 gram suffix or prefix changing the meaning of words. 2 converter, transformer.guhêz / transferring; transporting. ~ker n transporter. ~ker?/ transportation, guhêzbar adj mobile, portable, movable, guhgiran adj partially deaf, guhik m anat auricle; ear lobe, guhi??n (biguhi?e) vi be bewildered, be confused, guhiz see guhêz. guh?j/buck thorn, bot Rhammus. guhnadêr adj neglectful, negligent, guhnedan / negligence, guh nedan vt neglect. -?/neglectfulness, guhtin see gotin. guhuk see guhik.guhur?n see guher?n. gul/rose. ~ vedan vt bloom, open (rose). ~a bi miraz snowdrop. ~a sor red rose, gulab see gulav.Gulan/May. Yek - May Day. gulav /rose water, gulbaxan/species of red rose, gulberfmk/snowdrop, hot alanthes nivalis, gulberojk/ sunflower. gulbihar/1 cowslip, hot Primula veris. 2 buttercup, bot Ranunculos. gulbor?/1 downy thorn apple, bot Datura me tel. 2 morning glory, hot Convonvulus althaeoides. gulgik see gurgik.gul???/alyssum, madwort, bot Alyssum. guldank/1 vase. 2 flower pot. gule/bullet, ~ berdan vt fire a gun, shoot. ~ kirin vt shoot (at). ~ xwarin vt be shot, gulebaran/continuous shooting.-kirin vt shoot continuously. gulebuk/Zct poppy, gulepijên / machine-gun. gulen?san / anemone, gulfam adj rose pink, gulge?t / flower-garden, gulgul? adj 1 in flowers, in bloom. 2 ornamented with flowers, gulhes?l/yarrow, bot Achillea millefolium, gul? m 1 branch (of a tree). 2 braid, plait, gul?stan/flower garden, rose garden, gul?zar/ flower garden, rose garden, gulkelem / cauliflower, bot Brassica oleracea botrytis. guile see gule.gubnexmur/cockscomb, tor Celosiacristeta. gulofitk / snowball, gulok see gilok. gulol see gilol. gulor/small ball, gulover see gilover. gulp/gulp, sip, sup (of a liquid). ~ kirin vt sip. ~ lê xistin vt sip. ~ bi ~ adv in sips, gulpik/bud.gulqed?fe/ African man gold, hot Tagetes erecta. gul?? m bunch (of grapes), gum / — booming sound booming, guman / suspicion, doubt; worry. ~ kirin vt suspect, doubt, bi ~ adj, advdoubtful, suspicious; anxious, worried; doubtfully, suspiciously; anxiously, bi - bun vi be doubtful, be suspicious, -bar adj suspicious, full of doubts., gumbet/ vault, arch, giimgumok n lizard, zool Lacerta. gum?n?/booming. ~ jê hafin vi boom. ~ pê kelin vi boom, kirin - vi boom. gumre(h) adj plentiful, abundant, ample, gumrik/Gk customs house, customs, gun m testicle, testis. guncan1 / possibility. guncan2/inclusion, capacity, guncandin’ (bigunc?ne) vt hear. guncandin2 (biguncine) vt place; make (sth) fit into (sth).gund m village, ~ik/small village. -? n peasant, villager, countryman. ~?t? / being a villager or a peasant, behaviour characteristic of a villager. gundor1 m roller (made of stone and used for smoothing roofs), roller. gundor2 m melon. gune1, gunek adj poor, miserable. gune2,guneh m sin. -bar adj sinful, guilty, -bar kirin vt accuse, accuse of. -kar n 1 sinner, wrong doer. 2 guilty person, criminal.gunek1 n hernia, rupture. ~? adj suffering hernia. ~? b?n vi get a hernia. gunek2 see gune1. guni/hot astragalus, gur m wolf.gur1 adj.adv strong, powerful; (fire) fiercely, (agir) - b?n vi (fire) bum fiercely. gur2/~e~ loud thundering noise. ~e~a ewran/thunder. ~e~a ewran bun vi thunder. G~e~a ewran b?. It was thundering, gurandin (bigunne) vt skin, flay (an animal), gur?ik/finar kidney, -a ?epê left kidney, -a dest badi of the thumb, -a rastê right kidney, legena -é renal pelvis, kovên -é calyx, gur??lik see gurgik.Gurd?gar see Xwedê. gurg see gur.gurge / broomrape, bot Orobanche. gur?1 /flame. - pê ketin vi (fire) flame up. gur?2 adj bald, hairless (due to a disease). n hairless person.gur?dran adj voracious, ferocious. gurmik1/ buttocks, bottom, butt.gurmik2/fist (clenched), gurmist / fist (clenched), gurover see girover. gur pin / hollow or booming sound, -a dil palpitation of the heart, gürz m 1 mace (used in a battle). 2 bunch (of flowers). gus!?l(k)/ring.guva?tin (biguve?e) vi squeeze, press hard (to get water, etc out of sth), wring out (wet clothes, etc), guve?andin (biguve??ne) see guva?tin. guwah n witness, guwar see guhar. guware see guhar. guzaffP nonsense, guzar /excursion, guz?de, guz?n P see bijarte. g? m 1 excrement. 2 shit, crap, adj worthless, bad. - xwarin vi go too far, exceed one’s ability (and then regret); put one’s feet in, blunder, g?jme adj undulating (land), g?man/suspicion, doubt; worry. - kirin vt suspect, doubt, bi - adj,adv doubtful, suspicious; anxious, worried; doubtfully, suspiciously; anxiously, bi - bun vi be doubtful, be suspicious, -bar adj suspicious, full of doubts, g?mik/ finger-tip. g?n m colour.g?n? / gum-tragacanth plant, bot Astralagus tragacantha. g?pik / pad. -a memikê / nipple, -a til?yê/finger pad.g?sinc/oleaster, wild olive, bot Elaegnus anguslifolia. g?sk/dial (of a watch), g?stêrk/firefly, g??? m bunch (of grapes), guv /den.guz / walnut, -a ?av / eyeball, g?zan m razor, razor blade, g?zber? /cone.g?zik/small walnut; cone, -a derve/amt lateral malleolus, -a hundir/onui medial malleolus, -a zengilorêfamt Adam’s apple gw?n see g?n. gwlz see guz. gw?zan see g?zan. gw?zik see g?zik.h / the 10th letter of the Kurdish alphabet. ha1 prep such, kurek? ~ such aboy.ha2 prep here, there. Eva ~ This one here. Ewa ~ That one there. ha3 int used to warn or threaten. Tu nerev? ~! Don’t (you) dare run! ha4 conj,adv or. H~ tu - ew. You or him (doesn’t matter; there is nothing to choose between). ha5 int Yes! ha' see weha. hacet m A tool, implement, haciz see navbir. haf m roof; upstairs, hag/Iarge, wicket basket; pannier, hail see navbir. ha?n? P see him.haj see hay. ~ jê heb?n see hay jê heb?n.hajn? see ajn?. hajotin see ajotin. hakim nA 1 judge. 2 referee. hal1 m A 1 situation, state, condition. 2 strengtli, energy, ji ~ de ketin vi fail in health, get weak, ii ~(e yek?) pirsin vt inquire after sb. - ? hewal circumstances; conditions, state of affairs. ~ ? hewal(ê yek?) pirs?n vt ask after the welfare of (sb).hal2 n A solution; remedy. ~ kirin vt solve, settle, find a remedy, halan f see hêlan. halet see hacet, halwest n attitude, behaviour, handan / encouragement, har adj hydrophobie, rabid; mad, wild. ~ b?n W become rabid/hydrophobic; go mad. ~ kirin vf cause (sb/an animal) to become rabid; enrage, drive (sb) wild, stir up. haris A see cotkar. har?1 ar?. har?2 see hart?. har?t? see hart?.hart?fl hydrophobia, rabies. 2 wildness, madness, fury, ha?an see hêsan. hase see asê.hasil? adv in short, ha?in see hesin. ha? see a?. ha?it? see a?iti. ha?t? see a?t?.hatin1 (bihê,bê) vi come; arrive, reach. ~ dinyê vi be born. ~ ditin a yek? vi visit (sb). ~ sere yek? vi happen (to). - yek? vi attack. Se hatin me. The dogs attacked us. Gur tên m?han. Wolves attack sheep, (bi) serê yek? de ~ happen (to), bi ser (yek?) de ~ vi see (sb) unexpectedly, come when sb is doing sth. jê/ji yek? ~ vi be capable, be able; be expected to do sth. ji dest ~ vi be capable/able to do sth. lê - vi 1 suit, be suitable for. 2 help, be beneficial, work (medicine, etc). 3 bring good luck, pê ~ ser(?) vi be content/satisficd with. hatin2 aux vforming the passive: ~ ditin be seen. ~ ku?tin be killed. Ew sê sal berê hat ku?tin. He was killed three years ago. hatin3/income. haveyn m yeast, leaven, havêtin see avêtin. havil / solution.haviz n one who has memorized the Koran, hafiz.hav?n/summer. H~a Nav?n July. H~a Pa??n August. H~a Pê??n June. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image14.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image14.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET hav?ngeh /summer resort, summer pastures, havini adj,adv of summer; in the summer, hav?tin see avêtin. hawan/mortar (for pounding), ha war'/help; call for help, call, ??n ~a yek? vi go to one’s aid. hatin ~a yek? vicome to one’s aid. kirin ~ w call for help.Hawar2/the first Krd (Kurmanji) magazine using Roman scripts, published by M?r Celadet Bedir Xan and his friends in Damascus, between 1932-1935 and 1941-1943.Hawar!3 int Help!hawe m manner, sort kind, way; style. Bi ?i haw? How? Hawê te nabe. You’re wrong. You can’t do it like this, havver see hawir.hawir / environment, surroundings. hawirdor1 adv all around, all over. hawirdor2 / surroundings, environment hawir see hawir.hawran m cape (article of clothing), hay/conscience; knowledge, ~ jê heb?n Vi know about be informed about, haydar adj conscious; informed, having knowledge about. ~ bun vi know about, be informed. ~ kirin vj inform, tell about (sth). haydari / consciousness; information; knowledge. ~(ya yeki) heb?n know about (sth), have knowledge about (sth). hayde! int Come on! Come along! haza see aza. hazir adj ready, prepared, haziri/preparations; presence. heb1/pill.heb2/a single thing, item, piece. Ez du -an dixwazim. I want two (of them). heb3 / kernel, grain. ~? adj 1 grainy. 2 bearing or having kernels, seeds, etc. hebandin (bihebine) vj love, like; accept, heban? / retail, retail selling, bi - adv retail, by retail.hebek? adv somewhat for a while.hebe ku adv provided that.heb?b A n lover, beloved.hebo adv ~ ~ in separate particles orpieces; one by one.hebosan / anise, hot Pimpinella anisum. hebre? ?black cumin, seeds of Nigella sati va. heb?n1 (hebe) vt 1 have. 2 exist 3 be ready/willing to do sth. heb??r/1 wealth. 2 existence. 3 being present, hec/A the pilgrimage to Mecca, ??n ~ê vi go on the pilgrimage to Mecca.hecac1 n those going on the pilgrimage.hecac2/cloud of dust.hechecik n martin, wol Chelidou urbica.hechecok see hechecik-hec? n,adj Hadji; pilgrim.hec?re?k see hechecik.he?a see he??.he?ê see he??.he?? adv whoever, whatever. H~ z? were Whoever comes first, he? wek? see her wek?. hed m A limit, point, degree. Hedê xwe bizanibe. Know your place/limits. hedad n ironworker, blacksmith, -i / ironwork, the profession of a blacksmith, hedar / stability, being stabilized; stabilization.hedidandin (bihedid?ne) vt threaten. hed(i)k see het(i)k.hedimandin (bihedim?ne) vt annihilate, destroy, knock down, overthrow, hedim? adj destroyed, ruined, collapsed, hedim?n (bihedime) vi be destroyed, be ruined, collapse.hedinandin (bihedinine) vt calm. hed?s/A Hadith.hefidandin (bihefid?ne) vj cover, hefik/pharnyx.hefizandin (bihefiz?ne) vt save; mind, watch, look after, hefs see heps.hefsar m halter (for a horse, etc), hefsed see heftsed.heft m,adj seven. ~an/em/em?n adj seventh, heftan? adv weekly. heftan?1 / wage (weekly). heftan?2 f,adv weekly, hefte/ week. ~y? adv weekly, heftê m,adv seventy. ~yan/yem/yemin adj seventieth, heftqirax / heptagon, heftreng / rainbow, heftsed m,adj seven hundred. hege(r) see hek.hej m dry branches of trees, dry twigs, hej see hez. ~ kirin see hez kirin, hejan / tremor, shake, hejandin (bihej?ne) vt shake, cause (sb/ sth) to tremble, jolt.hejar adj poor, miserable, hejde see hejdeh.hejdeh m,adj eighteen, -an/em/em?n adjeighteenth.hejesor / oleaster, wild olive, bot Elaeagnus angustifoha. hejg / roughness, unevenness. ~? adj rough, uneven.hejik m dry branches of trees, dry twigs, hejikandin (bihejikme) vt agitate, hejiyan / earthquake, vi see hejfn. hej?n (biheje) vi tremble, be shaken, quake, shiver, hej?r/fig, bot Ficus carica. hejiyan see hej?n. hejmar/number, figure; issue, hejmartin (bihejmêre) vt count, hejmirandin (bihejmêr?ne) vt count, calculate.hejok adj shaky, trembling, quavering, hek conj if.hekan? gram conditional mood, heke conj if.hek?n? gram conditional mood, hel see hal2.hela adv H~ binere! Just look! Look at that! H~ were! Come on! helak adj A exhausted, with fatigue. ~ bun vi perish, be utterly exhausted, helaket/catastrophe, disaster, helal adj A canonically lawful, permissible. H~ be! Well done! Li te xwe? ~ be. Take it with my blessings, helal/'hyacinth, bot Hyacinthus. helale / tulip, bot Tulipa. helan m flagstone.helandin (bihel?ne) vt melt, dissolve, dil - vt inflame (sb) with love or pity, helan?n (hel?ne) see hi lan?n, helatin see hiiatin.helaw f A a sweet prepared in many varieties with sesame oil and syrup or honey, halvah, helawet A see ?eran?. helbest/poem. -van n poet, -van?/poetry. helbet adv A certainly. ~ê certainly. helbijartin1 (helbijêre) vt elect; choose. helbijartin2/election. helbijart? adj elected, chosen.hel?in?n (hel?ine) vt pick, pick up. heldan (helde) vt lift up, raise, elevate, helesor m,adj scarlet, red. helfirin (helfire) vi fly suddenly; jump, leap; be startled, helhelok/cornel berry, helikandin (bihelik?ne) vt annihilate, helik?n (bihelike) vt perish, helim see hilm.helisandin (bihelisine) vt make (sth) decay, spoil, destroy, helisin (bihelise) vi decoy, spoil, heli?tin reehi?tin. hel?qopter / Fr helicopter, hel?n (bihele) vi melt down, helji mar/statistics, helkehelk/heavy breathing, panting. ~a yek? b?n vi pant, helki?andin see hilki?andin. helki??n see hilki??n. helm see hilm.helo1 n goatsucker, nightjar, zool Caprimulgus europaeus. helo2 see eylo. helper?n / dance, hel?andin see hil?andin. hel??e see al??e. helwest see halwest. hem1 pref same, hemnav, hemdeng, etc. hem2 see him.hema adv immediately, right away. — adv almost, very nearly. - ku as soon as. hemaheng adj harmonious, ~?/harmony. bi~? adv harmoniously, hemayil/baldric, shoulder strap, hembajart n person from the same town/city. hembelaz/ variety of hawthorn., hember m the place opposite, li ~ across, opposite, (li) ~ derketin vi oppose, ??n ~,derbas? ~ b?n vi cross, hember? adj,adv li - across, opposing, facing. ~ hev adj facing, opposing (one another), face to face. ~ hev kirin vt compare, bring (people) face to face, hatin ~i hev vi come face to face, confront. ~hev?/confrontation, -hevkirin / comparison.hembez / embrace, lap. ~ kirin vt embrace, hug. li ~a xwe kirin vt pickup andhold in one’s arms, hemdem adj contemporary, hemderd n fellow sufferer, hemef / protection. ~ kirin vt mind, watch, xwe ~ kirin mind/watch os. hemêz see hembêz. hemin see himin. hem?/adv all; the whole, hem??e see tim. hempa n precedent, peer, hemreh n friend. hemsa,hemser A see heval. hemu see hem?. hem??k see hem?. hemwar n fellow countryman, hemware see tim. henar see hinar. henarin see hinartin. henase / breath. ~ ki?andin vt sigh, hene present tense of heb?n for plural objects Du pên?sên min hene/Min du pên?s hene. I have two pens, henek m joke. ~ (pê) kirin vt joke. ~ê xwe pê kirin vt make fun of (sb). H~ dibe genek- A joke backfires, bi -an as ajoke, jokingly. ~?? joker. ~hez n joker. heng/1 amusement, entertainment. 2 trick. hengav1/ moment, instant. hengav2/step, initiative, hengvan/gum ammoniac, hen? see en?. hen??k see en??k.hen?n adj (person) whose talk is delightful.henzel / colocynth, bitter apple, botCitrullus colocynthis.heps/zt prison, imprisonment. ~ kirin vtimprison. ~xane/prison.heq' mA 1 justice. 2 right. ~ dan yek> vtacknowledge (sb) to be right, di ~(êfi?teki) de hafin vi manage to carry out(sth difficult). ~(ê yek?) xwarin vt do aninjustice to.heq2 m price, fee, wage, her adj, adv every, each. ~ car every time, always. ~ cara ku each time, whenever, -?ende adv although, however much. ~ ?i adv whatever, -?iqas although, -dem adv always. - der everywhere - di?e adv gradually, more and more, increasingly.~gav adv always. H~ heb?! Long live! Thank you very much (said to sb after eating sth they have offered), -heye adj without beginning or end eternal. ~ kes everybody. - k? whoever. ~ roj every day. ~ tim always. ~ ? ~ continually, continuously; always, forever.. ~weha adv at the same time, nevertheless. ~ we k? as, like. - we k? din (hwd) and so on, etc. ~ wek? ku adv considering that, as, since. - yek? each, heraftin vi collapse, heram A adj forbidden by religion, ritually unclean. ~ xwarin vt get (sth) illegitimately, herbil?n (biherbile) vi collapse; get wound and tangled around (sth). her?êb? adj frequent. ~n?/ frequency, hereket /A movement; behaviour, herê see erê. herêna see erêna.herêm / province; region; area. ~ên rizgarkir? liberated regions. ~? adj local, regional.herf f A letter (of the alphabet), herifandin (biherifine) vt destroy, ruin, herif? adj destroyed ruined, herif?n (biherife) vi be destroyed be ruined, heriftin see herif?n.Herik! How amazing! Wow! herikandin (biherik?ne) vt 1 move, move on. 2 let or make (sth) flow. herik?n1/current; flow. herik?n2 (biherike) vi flow, herimandin (biherim?ne) vt ruin, make a complete mess of.heri m? adj spoiled, out of order, useless, herim?n (biherime) vibe spoiled, be out of order, be useless. xew(a yek?) (lê) ~ vi be unable to get to sleep, herisandin (biheris?ne) vt break to smithereens.heris? adj broken to smithereens, heris?n (biherise) vi be broken to smithereens, heristin see heris?n. heri/ mud slush.hen adj most, (yê) ~ mezin the biggest (one), her?n (here) vi go. heriq A see ?ewaf. her?r A see hevr??im..herkesin adj general, public, hermel/black cumin, hernie see hirm?.hero adv every day. ~yi adj daily, ordinary.hersim m unripe grape.herum adj stubborn. -i/ti/stubbornness.hervisi see hevrist.herzan see erzan.herze / nonsense.hes / feeling.hesab m A account. ~ dan vt account for (money received); give an explanation. ~ kirin vt calculate. ~ pirsin vt call/ bring (sb) to accounts, hesan m whetstone. - kirin vt whet, hesandin (bihes?ne) vt pê - vt inform (sb) of (sth). bi xwe ~ vt waken, wake (sb) up. hesav see hesab.hesibandin (bihesib?ne) vt 1 consider, regard. 2 calculate.hesidandin (bihesidine) vt arouse (sb’s) jealousy.hesidin (biheside) vi be jealous of (sb), envy (sth possessed by sb). hesik see hesk.hesin m iron. ~i adj made of iron, ironlike, ~ker n blacksmith, ironworker, hesincaw m tool, implement, heside see esid.hesin (bihese) vi feel, sense, pê - vi perceive, notice, sense, bi xwe ~ vi wake up. hesir/rush mat, canework. hesk/ladle, hesp n horse. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image15.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image15.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET hesret/A longing, yearning. ~(ê/a fi?teki) bun vi long for sth, yearn for sth. hest/ sense, feeling, heste m pocket lighter, lighter, hesteyê diran m dental cementum. hestiri see histiri.hesti m bone. ~yê bazinê dest carpus, ~yê bazinê pê tarsus. ~yê beieguhê temporal bone. ~yê bir?? tibia, shinbone, -yê bo?ikê coccyx. ~yê cên?kê sphenoid bone. ~yê hêtê femur, high bone, -yê h?yo?dê hyoid bone. ~yê kan?ya ?av lachrymal. ~yê kemavê ilium, hip bone. ~yê kortika ?av ethmoid. -yê kort?xê sacrum, -yê pan?yê calcanéum, heelbone. -yên pê??yan phalanges, -yênpoz nasal bones.-yêqorikê ilium, -yê q?nê ischium, -yê ran femur, high bone, -yê r?v pubis, -yê §eyê pê metatarsus. -yên til?yan phalanx. - ? germ adj very thin, just skin and bones, hes?d adj A envious, -i/envy. hes?d?n see hesidin. he? m the conscious, intelligence, mind, reason. ~(ê xwe) dan serê xwe vt come to one’s senses. ~(ê yeki) hatin ser? vi come to one’s senses, sober down. - ji ser? birin vt fluster, bring (sb) to utter confusion. - ji ser? ??n vi faint; be beside (os).he?a God forbid! It’s unthinkable! he?(i)k see hesk.he?if?n (bihe?ife) vi be scattered, lose its unity, he??n see he??n2he?t m, adj eight, -an/em/emin adj eighth. he?teM,?4 eighty, -yan/yem/yemin adj eightieth.he?tir /she-camcl.he?tirme n ostrich, zool Struthiocamelus. he?tpê n octopus.he?yar see hi?yar. ~ bun see hi?yar b?n.hetaprep,adv ~(ku) until; unless; up to (a place); as far as. H- ku ew bê, ez ê li vir bim. I’ll be here until he comes. H~ ku tu neyê, ez na?im. I won’t go unless you come.heta heta adv eternally, forever, hetahetayi / eterni ly. hetani see heta.het(i)k/ defamation, disgrace, scandal, hetikandin (bihetik?ne) vt disgrace, hetik? adj in disgrace, hetik?n (bihetike) vi be disgraced. hev1 adv together; one another, dan - vt heap, unite, assemble, ji ~ an?n vt disunite, ji ~ b?n vi separate, ji ~ deran?n vt classify, analyse, ji ~ girtin vt sort out, choose, ji - ketin vi dislocate, fall apart, disintegrate, ji ~ kirin vt dismantle, disunite; separate, li ~ an?n vt reconcile, li - civandin vt gather, li ~ civ?n vi gather, assemble, li - halin vi agree, reach an agreement; make peace, li ~ kirin vt agree, get on well, li - xistin vi 1 mix, stir. 2 make (two things) collide. 3 fight. ~ ? du one another. hev-2 pref same, together, one another, hevkar?, hevpeyv?n, etc. heval n friend, companion. ~t?/ friendship, company, -bend n ally, -bend?/ alliance.hevalza n,adj twin, twinned, hevber adj equal, hevcivan / meeting, gathering, hevde see hevdeh.hevdeh m,adj seventeen. ~an/em/em?n seventeenth.hevdeng1 n precedent, peer.hevdeng2 / homophone.hevderan?n/ analysis.hevd? see hevdu.he vd?tin / meeting.hevdu adv one another, each other.hevd?r adj sparse.hevedudan? gram compound, jê ~ b?n vi consist of.heves: -a dest/palm (of tire hand), -a pê/dorsum of the foot, hevgel n friend, supporter, hevgirtin n coherence, coherency, hev?r m dough, paste. ~ hilatin vt (dough) rise. ~ kirin vt prepare dough by kneading. -tir? m yeast, leaven, hevkar n cooperator, partner, hevkar? / cooperation; alliance, hevmane adj synonymous, / synonym, hevnake adj antagonistic; incompatible, hevnas n acquaintance (person), -if acquaintanceship, hevnav n namesake, hevnegirlin / lack of harmony; incompatibility.hevnegirti adj inharmonious; incompatible, hevok/sentence. ~saz?/syntax, hevor see evor.hevotin1 (bihevoje) vt educate, tame. hevotin2 / education, hevpar ? share-holder, partner. ~?/partnership. hevpeyv?n /interview, (pê re) - ?êkirin vt interview, have an interview with, hevp??e ? professional colleague, hevqas see ewqas. hevra1 see hevrê. hevra2 adv together, hevraz n acclivity, steep upward slope, hevreng adj.n homochromous; monotonous, hevrê n comrade; fellow traveller, hevre?im see hevr??im. hevrik adj opposite, contrary. -?/contra- diction, conflict, disagreement. hevring1 n husband of one’s wife’s sister. hevring2/shears.hevrist/juniper, bot Juniperus communis.hevri?k/soup with bread pieces.hevr??im m silk.hevr??im see hevr??im.hevsar see hefsar.hevta n,adj match, peer, equal.hevtevay? adj collective.hevtê see heftê.hevtêkil rgd interrelated. ~i / interrelation. -bun vi interrelate, be interrelated. ~ kirin vt interrelate. hev?din,hev?d? see hev?du. hev?du adv one another, each other, hev?d? see hev?du. hevwate adj synonymous. / synonym, hevwelat? n fellow countryman, hew adv any more, no more; finished. Ez ~ dajom. I won’t drive any more, hew see heb.hewa'/l air, atmosphere. 2 weather. H~ xwe? e. It’s nice. 3 the sky. (bi) - ketin vi take off, take wing. hewa2 A see ev?n. hewadar adj airy.hewal see hal ? hewai. - dan vr talkabout, mention.hewanas n meteorologist. ~?/meteorology, hewandin see vehewandin. hewante adv in vain, uselessly. Tu - ??y? wir. You went there in vain, hewar see hawar. hewaskar see eheweskar. heway? adj aerial, pertaining to the air. he wear1 m tool, implement. hewcar2 m vertical steering haft of plough, hewcefadj necessity; necessary. - bun vi be/become necessary. ~ dilin vt consider necessary. ~ heb?n vt need, be necessary. ~ kirin vt require, need, hewcedar adj needy, in need, -feti?teki) b?n vi be in need of, need sth. -i/need, necessity.hewcey?/need, necessity, hewci see he wee. hewd n seed bed. hewdel/a meal, hewe see we.hewes f A great interest, desire, liking, -kar adj very interested; amateur, hewêc n sexual organ, hewêr/region, area, district, zone, hewêrde n wren, zool Troglodytes, hewêrke see hewêr. hewês see hevês. hewil see hewl.hewisandin1 (bihewisine) vt encourage; stimulate.hewisandin2 (bihewisine) vt teach.hewisin (bihewise) vi learn.hewi / fellow wife (in a polygamoushousehold).hewl/effort, - dan vt workhardfor (sth), make an effort, -dan/effort, struggle, hewqas ad\’ so much, as much, so many. hewr1 / poplar, hot Populus. hewr2 see ewr. hew? / courtyard. hew?eng / stadium.hewtehew t/ barking, bark, kirin - vt bark, hewtin/ barking, bark, hewtin (bihewte) vi bark, hew?ska adv slightly, gently. hey1 Look here! Hey! hey2 see zindi.heya see beta, heyam / age; period, heyani see heta. heyber/ subject.heye present tense of the verb heb?n Pên?seke min -Alin pênüsek ~. I have a pen. Li ser masê pê nüsek -, There is a pen on the table. - ku adv perhaps, maybe, possibly. - tuneye adv possibly, probably.heyf1/regret, pity. ~(a yeki) pê hatin vi 1'eel sorry for, pity. H~a min bi w? tê. I feel sorry for him. H~a w?/wê. What a pity. H~ e. It is a pity, heyf/revenge. ~(a xweji yeki) hilanin vt revenge oneself on (sb), revenge, get revenge.heyifin (biheyife) vi lament, regret, heyirandin (biheyirine) vt admire; astonish; confuse, bewilder, heyiri adj astonished; confused, lê - man vi be astonished at. heyirin (biheyire) vi admire; be astonished, be at a loss to what to do. hey? n wealth, hey?n see heb?n. heykel m Ar statue. heyla,heylê! int Alas! heyman / age, period. heyran1 n,adj admirer, fan; overcome with admiration, -a yek? b?n vi admire. heyran!2 im I admire you! My dear! hey?t "t adj eight, hey?fe m,adj eighty, heyv /1 moon. 2 month. - ??n ava vi (moon) set. - derketin vi (moon) rise. - hafin girtin vi (moon) be eclipsed. - hilatin vi (moon) rise. - ??v xwarin vt (moon) rise late, xerab?na ~ê eebpse of the moon, -a ?arde ?evi, -a li ?ardehê / fool moon, -re? / dark night, night without moonlight, -ron/ moonlight heywan / A animal. ~t? / brutishness, bestiality.hez/ love;pleasure, enjoyment, (jê) - kirin vt love, like; prefer. Ez j? te - dikim. I love you. Ku/hek fu - bik? If you like.hezar m,adj thousand.hezaz / landslide.Hezêran/June.Hez?ran'/June.hez?ran2 m walking stick, cane.hezkirin/love.hezl A see henek.hezm/digestion. ~ b?n vi be digested. ~ kirin w digest.hê adv so far, yet, still. Ez - li vira me. I am still here. Ez ~ ne??me. I haven’t gone yethê? adj,f furious; fury, rage. ~ b?n vibecome furious, bi ~ê ketin vi becomefurious. ~ kirin vt enrage, cause (sb) tobecome furious.hê? see qet.hê?andin‘/trial.hê?andin2 (bihê??ne) vt try.hêd? adj slow.adv slowly, softly,gradually. ~ka adv slowly, softly. -nga see ~ka.begin adj talented, skilful.hêj adv 1 so far, yet, still. 2 more. ~ bêtirmore.hêja adj 1 valuable, precious. 2 worthy, deserving. 3 dear. Peyvên te ~ ne pesnan. Y our words are worthy of praise. Hevalên ~! Dear friends! hêjay?/quality, talent; worthiness; value, hêj?r/pig.hêk/egg. - kirin vt lay eggs, -an? adj oval, eggshaped. ~(e)r?n / ome-|B?P^leite, omelet.hêl/I side, direction; aspect. 2 surroundings, vicinity. Ew ber bi wê -e ve ??. He went in that direction. Li -a Mêrd?nê In the vicinity of Merdin, hêl/power, strength, héla adv,adj aloud, loudly, bi dengê ~ (read, speak) aloud.hêlan‘/yell, shout, - dan (xwe) vt let out a yell (encouraging). hêlan2 (bihêle) see hi?tin. hêlanek see hêianok. hêianok/swing, hammock, hêle/drive (a kind of hunt), hêlehêl/ shout, yell. hêl(e)kan/swing, hammock.hêl?n / nest. - ?êkirin vt make a nest.hêl?ng see hêl?n.hêl?n see hêl?n.hêman/factor, element.hêmen?/patience, calm.hêmin adj quiet, calm, in peace.hêm? adj wet.hemle a//' pregnant. - b?n vi be/get pregnant, hêncet/pretext, excuse; opportunity, bi -a under/on pretext of. li an germ vi look for an excuse, hênij?n (bihênije) vi doze, doze off. hênik adj cool. ~ kirin vt cool (sth). hênikay?/coolness, hênikba m Northeast wind, icy wind, hênkay? see hênikay?. hêran (bihêre) vt grind, hêrandin (bihêr?ne) vt grind, hère/scene, scenery, view. ~ kirin vt look, watch.hêrifandin (bihêrif?ne) vt pull (sth) down, demolish.hêrif?n (bihêrife) vi be demolished, hêr?n (bihêre) see hêran. hêro / marsh mallow, bot Althaea officinalis.hêrs/anger, rage. - b?n,bi -ê ketin vi get angry, get enraged. - kirin vienrage, anger. hêrso,hêrsok adj hot-tempered, hêrtin see hêran. hêr?g/ plum.hêsa see hêsan. ~y? see hêsan?, hêsan adj easy, simple. - b?n vt be/ become easy. ~ kirin vt ease, simplify. ~?/easiness, bi ~? adv easily. -?her adj practical.hêsir m tear. - barandin/rijandin vtshed tears.hês?r n slave, captive, prisoner of war.hêstir/ mule.bestir see hêsir.hês?n kirin vt sharpen.he? see ê§.he?and?n see e?andin. he??n1 see ê??n.he??n2 m, adj green. - b?n vi (a plant) leaf out; green, turn green, -ah?/ay? / green vegetables; greenness, greens, he?ta adv yet, still, so far.he?tir/camcl. -siwar n camel-driver. h?ifanat thigh, hêt?n/kiln. hêv see heyv. hêvar see êvar. hêveron / moonlight, hêvên m yeast, leaven, hêv?/ hope, expectation. - dan (yek?) vt give (sb) hope, make (sb) hopeful. ~ kirin vt hope, expect. I? ~ya ti?tek?/yek? man vi wait for (sth/sb). bi ~ b?n vr'hope, be hopeful. Ez bi ~ me ku I hope that, hêv?dar adj hopeful. ~ b?n vibe hopeful. Ez ~ im ku 1 hope that, hêvotin (bihêvoje) vt 1 manage, administer. 2 encourage, spur, incite, hêvron see heyveron. hêwan / porch, hêwir/shelter.hêwir?n (bihêwire) v/1 stay, live, dwell. 2 (birds) perch upon, settle, alight, hêwirze / noise.hêyavk/stew made of mixed vegetables, hez/l power, strength. 2 milit regiment, force. ~ dan vt 1 struggle, make an effort. 2 strengthen, ji - (de/ve) ketin vi become/get weak, ji - (de/ve) xistin vt weaken. ~ên ?ekhilgir/gekdar the armed forces. ~ên ewiekar? the police force, -dar adj strong, powerful. hib(i)r/ink. -dank/ink-well, hiccet A see delil, hijde see hejdeh. hijdeh see hejdeh. hijêr/fig.hijmartin see hejmartin. hikim m A 1 sovereignty, power. 2 verdict, sentence. - dan vt pass sentence. ~ kirin vt rule, govern, hik?met f A government, hila see hela, hilal m toothpick.hilan?n (hil?ne) vr 1 remove, take away. 2 raise. 3 ?ifre - clear the table. 4 keep, preserve, hide.hilatin vi (sun, moon, bread) rise, hilavêj / lift, elevator, -van n lift-man. hilavêtin (hilbavêje) vt 1 throw up. 2 kick with both hind feet.hilavistin vt hang up. hilavisti adj hanging, hilawistin see hilavistin. hilberandin (hilberine) vt produce. hilber,hilberi, hilberin / production, hilberini adj productive, of production, hilbijartin ' f election. hilbijartin1 (hilbijêre) vt elect, choose, hilbijarti adj elected, chosen, hilbijêr n elector, voter, hilciniqandin (hilciniqine) vt startle, hilciniqin (hilciniqe) vi be startled, hil?in?n (hi ??i ne) vt pick up; wind up, roll up.hildan (hilde) vr 1 raise, lift. 2 roll up (sleeves, etc), hildek m (oto) jack, hilf see hilm.hilfirandin (hilfir?ne) vr fly (sth). hilfir?n (hilfire) vr jump up, fly. hilgaftin / connection, relation. Bi ?i ~ê? Why? For what reason? hilgavdn see hilgirtin. hilgirtin (hilgire) vt shoulder or take on (a burden, task, etc); bear, endure; carry, hilhatin vi (sun, moon, bread) rise, hilhilandin (hilhil?ne) vr use, wear, hilhul? see hulhul?12. hilim A’eehilm12. hilind? m butter, hiljimar / statistic(s). hilketin (hilkeve) vr climb up. hilkirin (hilke) vr 1 lift, raise. 2 roll up (sleeves, etc).hilki?andin (hilki??ne) vt raise, take up, make (sb) climb up; extract, hilki??n (hilkl?e) vi climb up. hilkul?n (hilkule) vi limp, hilkum?n (hilkume) vi stumble, hilkutan (hilkute) vr jiunp and stamp. hilm1 / breath, -(a yek?) ?ikandin vr suffocate (sb). ~(a yek?) ??k?n vr suffocate. - dan vr breathe out, exhale. - stendin vr breathe in, inhale; take a short break, rest. hilm2/steam.hilma?tin,bilmi?tin (hilme?e) vr tuck up (one's trousers or sleeves), hilor/ hopping. - bun vr hop. - kirin vrmake (sb/sth) hop. hilperi?tin (hilpere?e) vi climb up. hilper?n (hilpere) vi jump, leap; be startled, hilpi?k?n / jump, leap, vi jump, leap, hilqetandin (hilqetme) vt tear down, hil?andin (hil??ne) vr destroy, demolish, hil??n (hil?e) vi collapse, be demolished. hil?1 adj smooth, even, straight. hil?2 / plum. -re?k black plum, -zerk yellow plum.hilwe?andin (hilwe??ne) vi demolish, destroy, ruin.hilwe??n (hilwe?e) vi collapse, be demolished, be ruined, him (repeated symmetrically) both ... and. - tu - ew both you and he. himal n A porter. ~?/1 being a porter. 2 porter’s fee. 3 hard work, toiling and slaving, himam f A public bath, bathroom, himandin (bihim?ne) vr protect, lumber .see hember. himbêz / embrace, lap. - kirin vt embrace, hug. li -a xwe kirin vt pickup and hold in one’s arms, himbiz adj dense, thick, himêz see himbêz.himin adv anyway, in any case; certainly, undoubtedly.himle adj A pregnant. - b?n vi be/getpregnant.hin n,adv some.hinar m pomegranate, hot Punica granatum. ~?n m,adj grenadine red. hinare / message, hinarik n cheekbone, hinar? / sob.hinartin (bihinêre) vt send, dispatch, hinart? n envoy; messenger, hinav/interior, inner parts, hincet/ opportunity; pretext, hinciq?n (bihinciqe) vi be crushed, be trampled.hincirandin (bihincinne) vr press, crush, hind1 / vicinity, presence, place around (sb/sth). li -a prep near, with. hind2 see hin.hindav / direction; line, level (to whichsth is adjusted).hinde1 adv so much, as much.hinde2 adj some.hinde3/cause. ji ber vê hindê therefore, this is why. hindewane see zebe?. hindik adj,adv little, few; not enough, -ah?/ay?/ minority; scarcity, ji -ah? ve at least. — adv little by little, hindikandin (bihindikine) vt reduce, decrease,lessen, hindikek adj a little, a few. hind? see hingê. hindur see hundir. hine/henna.hi nek adj.pron some. - ji wan some of them, hiner see huner. hing/blow, strike.hingaffin1 (bihingêv?ne) vt 1 hit, hit the mark. 2 reach.hingaftin2/hitting (the mark), hingav? adv at the moment, then, hingê adv then, at that time; so, thus. w,ê - then, ji ~ ve since then. - ku adv to the extent that, hingiv m honey, hingivandin see hingaftin. hingiv?n m honey, higiv?nok/ dead nettle, bot Lamium. hing? see hingê. hingor see hingur/ hingul?sk/ring.hingur / the time between sunset and dark night twilight, hingust?l / ring, hinguv m honey, hingur see hingur. hinik see hinek. hiq?q/A law, jurisprudence, hir see vir.hirb?/kind of scarf (worn round the head), hir? n bear, zool Ursus arctos. hire adv li - here, hir? / wool.hirmê,hirm?/pear, bot Pirus comminus.hirqet A see ?ewaj.his see hes.hisfinax see ?spenax.his?n see hes?n.histir? m thorn.hisfu m amt neck.hi? m intelligence, mind, reason, consciousness. ~ hatin ser? vicome to one’s senses, sober down. ~ ji ser? ??n vi be beside os, faint. ~ winda kirin vi go out of one’s mind.hi?av?in (bihi??ve) vt swallow, hi?k adj hard; dry; barren; solid. ~ b?n vi dry; get hard, harden. ~ kirin vt drain, dry up; harden.hi?kel?/flood (in a place that is usually dry), hi?kesay?/dry cold, cold (air, night), hi?k?n (bihi?ke) vi grow hard, harden; drain, dry up.hi?pak adj sincere, ingenuous, hi?sivik adj foolish. ~i/foolishness, hi?tar? adj ignorant, hi?tin (bihêle) vt let, allow; keep; leave, li d? (xwe) - vt leave behind, li cem (xwe) ~ vt keep with (os). Ew nahêlin em herin. They don’t let us go. hi?yar adj 1 awake, wakeful. 2 alert, wide-awake. ~ b?n vi wake up. - kirin vt wake (sb) up; warn. -?/wakefulness, watchfulness; warning, hivde see hivdeh.hivdeh m,adv seventeen. ~an/em/em?nadj seventeenth, hiwêz? m mace (a weapon). Hizeran/June.hizir/idea; thought. - kirin vt think.hizir?n (bihizire) vi think.hiz?r see huz?r.h?car see ?car.hi? see (jet.h?jde see hejdeh.h?jdeh see hejdeh.h?kar?/effect, influence.hilal/A crescent.h?let/habit.Mm1 w base, foundation. ~ damn vt lay the foundation. him2 see hime. him am see mirin hime m large stone. hin1 adv more. - ba? better. hin2 adv yet; still; so far. Ew - nehatiye. He hasn’t come yet.hin3; ~ b?n vi learn; get used to. ~ kirin vt teach; train; make used to.hin4/moment, instant, hina adv yet; still; so far. ~ ji even so, still, yet.hindari/exercise.h?ndekar?/ training, instruction, education, hinika adv just. Ew ~ hat. He has just come, hinkar n educator, instructor, trainer, hinkirin/teaching, training, instruction. ~ ? hevotin / teaching and education. hir/~(e)~ whinny, neigh. H~(e)~a hespê ye. The horse is neighing, b?rin (bihire) W (a horse) neigh, hiro see iro. hisal see isalhiser1 adj tight, tightly wedged or jammed.hiser2/warehouse, store.hi?tin see hi?tin.h?v see heyv.hivik/crescent.hTvi see hêv?.hiz see hêz.hizar / saw.hode see ode.hogir n close friend, comrade, friend who is the same age as os. hoker/ gram adverb. hoi1/circle. ~a vala vicious circle. hoi2/one’s immediate surroundings, li ~ê in view, in sight, derketin ~ê vi appear, ji ~ê rakirin vt do away with, remove; destroy, ji ~ê rab?n vi disappear; be destroyed. hoi3 see gog.hoi4 fEng,P hall (entrance), hol: ~ b?n v/' hop, jump, holik/hut.honan (bihone) vt 1 knit; braid; weave; darn. 2 organise.honandin (bihonine) see honan. honijin (bihonije) vi 1 doze, fall asleep; yawn. 2 be engrossed in (thoughts, one’s work).honik see hênik. hunin see honan.hos(a,hoste adj skilled, skilful. ? master, master workman. /mastery; skilfulness, hotik/fist. ~ lê xistin vt hit with one’s fist, hov adj wild, savage; rude; primitive. ~ti / wildness; savageness; primitiveness.hovebe adj primitive, hov? see hov. ~li see hov??.Howeh! expression of surprise Wow!, hoy m condition.hoyandin (bihoy?ne) vf condition.hoz1 m voice, sound, -an n singer.hoz2/power, strength.hubla see avis.hubur see hib(i)r.hucet / competition.hucre/A cell.hudhud n hoopoe, zool Upupa epops.hufre A see kort.hukim m A power.hulhul?1 adj fastidious, finicky.hulhul?2/ turkey.hul? n zool eagle.huim see hilm.humban m pouch.humban? n,adj marsupial.humre A see sor.humuk/fist. ~ lê xistin vt hit with one’s fist.humus/humus, hun pron you (pi).hundir m,prep the interior, the inside; in, into, xistin - vt put into, li ~ prep in, inside, di ~ê ... de prep in, inside, di ~ê xên? de in/inside the house, hundur see hundir. hüner m skill; art. -mend n,adj artist, skilful, hungiv m honey, hur? see hir?.hürmet A respect. ~ kirin vt respect. ~kar adj respectful. ~kar? / respect; being respectful.Hurmiz / Jupiter.hust/the full graspof the hand, handspan. hu?tu m anal neck.hu? int Hush! Be silent! Hu? e/i! Hush!Be silent!.huz?r1 /A peace of mind, freedom from anxiety, comfort. ~(a yek?) xera kirin vt disturb sb, trouble sb. huz?r1/A presence (of another), li ~a in the presence of. h??ik see ??ik. h?n pron you (pi), h?nan see honan. h?nandin see honandin. h?nik see hênik.h?r1 adj small; little, tiny. ~ b?n vi get smaller; be broken into small pieces. - kirin vt 1 break into small pieces; make smaller; chop to bits; crumble. 2 change (money). - nihêr?n vt examine (sth) in details, go into a matter carefully. - - adv bit by bit.h?r2 m anat 1 rumen, paunch. 2 tripe, h?randin (bih?r?ne) vt analyse; crumble, h?rberda adj potbellied, paunchy, h?rb?n / microscope, h?rdek/ minuscule, h?rh?ri adj,adv in small pieces, in smithereens. - kirin vt smash (sth) into smithereens, h?rik' adj,,f tiny; a tiny part, a bit. h?rik2 m small change (money), h?ris m hammer, h?ri /houri. h?r?n / microbe, h?rmir see h?r-m?r. h?r-m?r m luggage, belongings; unimportant things, h?rpêl/microwave, h?rpiz? adj fat, paunchy. b?t1 n giant, -asa adj gigantic. b?t2 n whale, hwd (her weki din) etc. hw?r see h?r.i/the 11th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.-ik dim suffforming nouns, often without evident dim connotation,eg: ke?ik, lawik, jinik. ilim adv come what may, no matter what happens, by all means. — especially, particularly. ~ j? especially, particularly, ilm mA science. ~? adj scientific, im first singular of the present tense of bun (to be); me afteravowelam. Ezdirêj im. I am tall. Ez mamoste me. I am a teacher, imbar/ warehouse, storehouse, grain silo, in plural of the present tense of him (to be); ne after a vowel are. em/hun/ew ~ we/ you/they are. Ew vala ne. They are empty, inda see wenda.int / — moaning, groaning. —a yek? bun, bun —a yek? vi moan, groan.in tike m,adj antique. iraq/Iraq. ~i n,adj Iraqi, irbane see erbane.irs m A heredity. ~? adj hereditary, pertaining to heredity, isa see wisa.-istan suff forming nouns place. Kurdistan, daristan, etc. isterk see stêrk. istêrk see stêrk- istir! m thorn, istran see sitran. i?k see hi?k.i?texilandin see ?te\ilandin. itbar?/ trust.?x exp ordering a camel to squat down ~ b?n vi (a camel) squat down. ~ kirin vt have (a camel) squat down, iyar see eyar.this time, now. ?ncaz/ species of plum.?nc?l/ gospel, ?neb see tir?.?ng?l?stan / England.?ng?l?z n English (person). ~?/ English (language).In? / Friday.?nsan f A man, human being, -et? / 1 humanity, mankind. 2 humaneness, ^kindness. 3 being human. ?n?ale(h) A God willing; Please God; I hope that, ?qar/forest.Iran/Iran. ~? Iranian.irfan A see zan?n.?ro adv today. ~y?n adj current?rt?yab see g?man.?sa m Jesus.?sal adv this year.?sandin (bi?s?ne) vt light.?ser adj tight.?sew? n,adj Christian. ~t?/ Christianity, ?sk/sob. I~ ~a w? b?. He was sobbing, iskan / glass (of tea, etc), ?ske?sk/sob, sobbing, kirin kirin vt sob. ?sk?n / sob, sobbing,?slam n A Islam, ism A see nav.?süt/pepper, pimento, ground pepper. ~a t?j hot pepper.ispenax/Gf spinach, hot Spinacia oleracea.?srail /Israel. ~? Israeli.?stegeh / station, stopping-place.istekan /glass (of tea).?s?ge see ?stegeh.?st?taet A see hêz.?? m work, job, task.??ale see ?n?ale(h).??ev adv tonight.?taet/A obedience. ~ kirin vt obey, ?tt?hat A see yek?t?, yekb?n. ?xfa A see ve?art?. ?xtiyar adj,nA old (person), ?zin /A permission; leave. ~ dan vt give permission. ~ girtin/stendin vt get permission. ~ xwastin vt ask for permission. Bi ~a te/we be. With your permission.I?’/lhe 12th letter of the Kurdish alphabet. l-2pre/this. ?ro, ?sal, ??ev, etc.-?3 suff forming adj and n, eg: mir?, gund?, bajar?; re??, ba??, dijwar?; Tirk?, ?ng?l?z?, Kurd?. ?4 second singular of the present tense ?f bun (to be); y? after a vowel are. Tu ba? ?.You are good. T u mamoste y?. Y ou are a teacher.ibadet / A worship, act of worship. ~ kirin vt worship, iblis m A the devil, ibn see kur. ibne see q?nde. ibri?im m silk, ibtida A see destpêk. icab/A necessity, requirement. ~ kirin vt be necessary. ?- nake. There is no need, icad f A invention. ~ bun vi be invented.- kirin vt invent, icar adv this lime, now. icare/A lease, dan ?carê vt lease. ~ kirin vt take on lease.idam/A capital punishment, execution.~ b?n vi (a criminal) be hanged. ~ kirin vt hang, execute (a criminal), idare/A 1 management, administration.2 means of living, living. ?dara xwe kirin vt make one’s living. ~ kirin vt 1 manage, administer. 2 make ends meet, manage.id? adv any more, no more. Ez ~ na?im wir. I am not going there any more, ihsan A see qenc?. ija see ?jar.ijar (uiv this time, now.ille,illet A 1 see sedetn, 2 see nexwe??.?lon / September.?mam m A religious leader; leader in congregational prayer; one of the twelve Imams, ?man/A faith.imkan/A possibility, ability to do. ?mroz see ?ro. ?m?eb see ??ev.?mze/A signature. ~ kirin vt sign, in /Friday.?nca,?ncar adv then, so, in that/this case;j/the 13th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.jêmaye / inheritance. jêr1 m lower part/area/place, bottom. jêr2 prep down, below, li - below, at the bottom.jêrdest adj oppressed, dependant, jêrenot / footnote, jêr? adv.n down, below; bottom, jêr?n adj lower, below, jêrzem?n n underground, jêveguhas?in / quotation, quoting, jê veguhasfin vr quote, jêwergirfin see jêveguhas?in. jêza /1 nature. 2 origin, source, ji prep from, off. - ti?tek? b?n vi be left without be deprived of (sth). Ez - pirt?kên xwe b?m. I was deprived of my books. - ti?tek? kirin vt deprive (sb) of (sth). - adetê der adj unusual, uncommon. - al?(yê) ve by. - bal by. - ber ?i interr why. - ber ku conj because, since. - ber man vi remain, be left over. - ber rab?n vr stand up (in respect). - ber vê yekê/hindê adv therefore, for this reason. - ber v? ?end? adv therefore, for that reason. - ber xwe adv of one’s own accord, automatically, by oneself. - ber xwe ve to oneself. - ber zan?n vt know by heart. - bil? adv except. - bo adv for. - bo ?i interr why. - bona adv for. - dêl/dêla/dêvla adv instead, instead of. - jêr adv from below. - jor adv from above. - ku/kuderê from where. - lewre adv because, this is why. - mêj da/de/ va/ve adv for a long time past. - ni?ka/ ni?keke ve adv suddenly. - n? da/de/ va/ve adv again. - pê adj, adv standing up. - piyan adj,adv standing up. - piyan sekin?n vi stand up. - rengê adj like, similar to. - ser? from the beginning, from the head/top. - ser? ta daw?yê from the beginning to the end. - vir from here, hence. - vir pê de/ve adv afterwards, from now on. - vir ? ha da/de adv afterwards, from now on. - wir from there, thence. Ji w? heye/weye/ye ku... He thinks that... - xwe adv besides, moreover; anyway, anyhow. - xwe ber adv by oneself, without being asked, automatically. - xwe ewle adj self-confi-jahr/poison, venom. ~ dan vt poison, -daday?/day? adj poisoned. -daday?/day? b?n vi be poisoned. -daday?/day? kirin vt poison, -dar adj poisonous, toxic. ~?n adj poisonous, toxic, jakaw adj wild, fierce, jale^dew. jale2/oleander, jam /large bell.jan / ache, pain, sorrow, -zirav, -a zirav tuberculosis.jar1 adj weak; poor; thin. - ketin vi get weak. ~?/ weakness. jar2 see jahr. jehr see jahr.jeng/rust. - girtin vt become rusty, jengdar adj rusty; tarnished; corroded, jen?n (bijene) vi have a pulse, (for a pulse) beat; card (fibres for cloth), jentin (bijene) vr card, comb (wool), jer see jehr. jev cont o/ji hev.jê prep, cont of (ji w?/wê or ji yek?/ ti?tek?) from, off. - b?n vi break, be cut, be broken. - ??n vi lose. ?iqas ji te ??? How much did you lose? - hatin vi be able/capable to do (sth). - pêk batin vi consist of, be made up of, be composed of. Qom?te ji 10 endaman pêk tê. The committee consists of ten members. - qetandin vt part, separate (sb/sth) from. - pê ve adv then, afterwards; except - vir de adv since that time; from there, thence. - wê de adv beyond; after, jêderk/ summary, résumé; quotation, jêgirtin / copy, copying, jê girtin vt copy.jêgirt? adjj copied; copy, jêgirfik/copy.jêhat? adj capable, skillful, hard-working, diligent industrious, jêkirin (jêke/jêbike) vt 1 cut break. 2 kinc/cil - undress, jêkve adv from one another, jêl? adv,prep thence, from there; since that time.dent. - xwe rasa adj conceited, arrogant, jibartin see bijartin. jibergirtin/copy, copying, ji bergirtin vt copy, jiberk/copy.ji be r kirin / memorization, ji ber kirinvt memorize, learn by heart. jiberkM adj memorized, jibirkirin/forgetting, ji b?r kirin vt forget, jibirkiri adj forgotten, jidayikb?n/birth. ji day ik bun vi be born, jidayikb?y? adj born, ji hev adv from one another. ~ derxistin vt analyse. ~ gerandin vt part, separate, set apart. ~ gerin vi part, separate from one another. ~ kirin vt part, separate, set apart, jihevderanin/analysis. ji hev deranin vt analyse.jihevketin / disunion, disunity, ji hev ketin vi be scattered, lose its unity, jihevketi adj dispersed, scattered, disorganised.jikarketi adj invalid (person), jimar / number. ~edar ? accountant, -edari / accountancy, jimaitin (bijimêre) vt count, jin/I woman. 2 wife. - an?n vt (man) get married. - berdan vt (man) divorce. ~ kirin vt (man) get married, jinabi see jinbi.ji nap/aunt, paternal uncle’s wife.jinbav / step-mother.jin bira/ brother’s wife.jinbi/widow.jindost/ mistress.jineb? see jinbi.jinik/ woman.jinmir/queen.jinparêz n feminist. ~i/feminism, jinxal see xalojin. jinxweda/Goddess, jirêderkejin/derailment. ji rê derketin vi be derailed, go astray, jirêderxistin/derailment. ji rêderxistinvt derail, lead astray, jirki adv,prep thence, from there, since that time, jiyan see jiyan.jiyandin (bijiyine) see jiyandin jiyin see jiyin.ji adv too, also, as well. Ez - Me too. jijo ?hedgehog, zool Eri naceus europaeus. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image17.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image17.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET jin '/life. ~zani/biology.jin2 (biji) vi live.jindar adj alive.jinenigari / biography.jini adj alive; of or related to life.jinsa! n age.jir adj skilful, talented, diligent, hardworking. -ah?/ay?/l? / skilfulness, talent, dibgence. jirek see jir. jirik see jir. jiyan'/life. jiyan2 (biji) vi live.jiyandin (bijiyine) vt keep (sth) alive, make (sb/sth) alive, bring to life; enliven; revive.j?yane??rok / autobiography. jiyin1 (biji) vi live. jiyin2/life, jmar see jimar,jmaredar see jimaredar. -i reejimaredan. jmartin see jimarfin. joji see jijo.jor m, adv upper area or place; up. ji ~ (de/ ve) from above, li ~prep above, over, up. jorgoti adj above mentioned/named. jori see jor.jorin adj above; superior; upper, j?j? see jijo.j? pê ve adv from now on, henceforth.k / the 14th letter of the Kurdish alphabet. kaL interr adv Where is/are? Kamamoste? Where is theteacher?ka2 adv used with the imper mood Ka were. Come on, come please, ka/straw, hay (cut up), chaff, kab / knucklebone, astralagus, talus, kabik/hecl (of shoes), kad / sphere, kadan see kad?n.kade m a round, ring-shaped or braided cake.Kadiz /as?r Rêya ~ê the Milky Way.kad?n / hayloft, haymow.kafir n A a non Muslim; infidel, unbeliever.kaho see kah?.kah? / lettuce, cos.kail see qayil.kak m brother.kakil n walnut kernel.kakiv?lk see kuvark.kaktüs/Gk cactus.kal adj.m old; old man. -if old age. ~t?/ being old, old age. kal adj unripe, green, kalan,kalên n sheath, scabbard, kalekal / bleating; moaning, kalik m 1 grandfather. 2 male ancestor, kalik n melon, kal?ks/anaf calyx, kal?n (bikale)1 vi moan, groan, kal?n (bikale)2 vi (sheep, etc) bleat, kalkal see kalekal.kam/straw-thresher. ~a dev fanai hard palate.kambax adj ruined, devastated. ~ bùn vi be mined, be devastated. ~ kirin vt devastate, ruin.kamil adj A mature, grown up, complete, kam?n see kem?n. kan1 /treasure.kan2/mine (minerals), quarry. kan1 see kan?. kan see kan?. kanav/mineral water, kanê see kan?.kanêje / cornflower, bluebottle, hot Centaurea cyanus.kang adj unaware of. kangeh/mine (minerals), kan? / spring; fountain; fountain head; source. ~ya ?av/inner corner of the eye. ~yên avdanê watering sources, kan? interr adv Where is/are? K~ xwendekarên me? Where are our students? kan?n‘/power; ability. kan?n2 (bikane) vt be able. Ez karim werim. I can come. Kan?n/December. ~a Yekem December, -a Duyem January, kapek/bran. kapik see kapek.kar1 m work; affairs; business; action; preparation. ~ kirin vt work. ~ên xwe kirin vt prepare, make preparations, get prepared. ~ên derveforeign affairs. ~ên hundir domestic affairs. ~ên male house-works. kar2/use, effect, bi ~ an?n vt use. bi ~ batin vi be used, be useful. kar3 f A profit, benefit. ~ kirin vt profit, make a profit.-kar4 sufjforming nouns doer, x wendekar, cotkar, etc.-kar5 suffforming adjectives somewhat, - ish,-ful.kar-6 pref forming nouns related to work work, karker, karbidest, karmend etc. kar n kid (of a goat), karak n ore.karberdan / strike, industrial action, stop (working), kar berdan vt strike, stop working, go on a strike, karbidest n official, director, manager. ~if administration, management, kar?ik/pear. kar??n / wild pear, karda n employer, karekar/sob, sobbing, karêz /1 fountain. 2 windy place, karga see kargeh. karge see kargeh. kargeh / workshop; factory; office, karger see karker. karhez rgd dutiful, devoted to one’s work; hard-working, karik see kar.kari n 1 cuckoopint, beetroot. 2 dragon arum. 3 mushroom.kar?ger adj active.kar?n see kan?n.kar?? m slop, side of a hill.karker n worker, working man. -êndem? seasonal workers. ~?/t?/ being aworker, workmanship.karket? adj invalid.kar kui?lk / mushroom.karmend n civil servant, employee, officer.karniyar n applicant.karok/ mushroom.karpêk m work.karsaz1 n businessman.karsaz2 adj skillful.kartol / potato.kar?bar m 1 activity. 2 affairs. 3 preparation;. 4 responsibility, duty, karvan / caravan, convoy. Karvankuj/the morning star, Venus, karwan see karvan. karxane / factory, works, mill, karxwer n boss, karzana adj skilled, qualified, kas/glass; bowl.kasik see kas. -a ?ogê/amt patella, kneecap.ka? m slope, side of a hill. - kirin vt drag.kat'/mention. (ji fi?teki) - kirin vt mention.kat2 n time, -é conj when. Kate ezderketim derve, baran dibarfya.When I went out, it was raining, -jimêr/watch, clock.kat3 m branch (of a tree).kavil m,adj ruins; ruined. ~ b?n vi beruined. ~ kirin vt ruin.kavir n one-year-old sheep.kaw1 adj polite.kaw2 see kab.Kawa m ~(yê hesinker) Kurdish legendary hero.kawêj / cud, rumination, kaxet see kaxez.kaxez/paper, -a ziwangê/blotting paper, kaxik/ flowerpot, vase, kaxfl n fenugreek, zool Trigonella foenum-graecum. kayin (bikaye) vi ruminate, kazib A see derewin. kebk see kew. keg1/girl; daughter.keg2 adj virgin, kegani / girlhood; virginity, kegebav adjj brave (girL/woman). kegel adj bald hairless, suffering from scalp disease, kegelok n vulture, kegik/young girl, kegin adj virgin. ~?/ virginity, kegti see kegani. kegxap?nok m lady-killer, ked/I work, labour. - xwarin vt exploit. 2 trouble, pains.kedi adj tame, domestic, domesticated. ~ kirin vt tame.kedkar n worker, labourer, proletarian. ~i/being a worker, workmanship, kedmij adj,n exploitative, exploiter. ~\f exploitation.kedxur adj.n exploitative, exploiter, -i/ exploitation.kef/foam. ~ bi deva ketin vi foam at the mouth. ~ dan vt become foamy, -a dest /palm (of hand).kefen m A shroud. ~e mar skin shed by a snake.kefgir / skimmer, colander, kefi / kaffiyeh. keftar n hyena, zool Hyaena. kefteleft/1 quarrel, fight. 2 effort, struggle. ~? kirin vt quarrel, argue, keffin see ketin, keft?left see keffeleft. kefxwe n head of a village. kefz/moss,fwtMusci;alga, seaweed hot alga, kehnl see kan?, kej adj fair-haired, blond. kej?1 / a sort of headscarf. kej?2 see ked?. kek m elder brother, keko keko n lizard.kel1 / boiling. ~a yek? rab?n vi lose one’s temper. ~a yek? rakirin vt cause (sb) to lose their temper. - bi ser re g?n vi boil over. kel2 m bull, kelam A see peyv. kelandin (bikel?ne) vt boil (sth). kelangirk see gumgumok. kela?,kelax m corpse, body.kel at n eminence, hill fort, kelax see kela?. kelb A see k??ik, seg. kelbetan/A pliers, pincers, keleb?n adj breathless, excited, kelegir? see kelogir?. kelek m watermelon, kelek /raft; timber float. kelem1 m cabbage. ~ê Brukselê m Brussel’s sprout. kelem2 m thorn.kelen??e/1 handcuffs. 2 pipe clip. kele?1 n brigand, bandit. kele?2 adj pretty, nice, beautiful, kel?d see kilid. kel?n (bikele) vi boil.Kel?m m Moses, kelk/use, usefulness, kelkel/heat. —a nivro/midday heat, kelme?/ mosquito, hot, culex pipiens. kelogir? adj ready to cry. ~ bun vi feel like crying, kelp?? m brick, kelxot adj toothless. kem1 adj short (nose). ~o m short-nosed man. kem2/small thombush, thorny plant, keman?e / violin (three strings), kemax f amt hip.kember/belt. -a mil/shoulder griddle, kemend/lasso.kemilandin (bikemil?ne) vt mature, kemil?n (bikemile) vi become mature, grow up.kem?n/trap, ambush. ~ girtin vt lay an ambush, kemoj/dirt.ken m laughing, smile. ~ pê ketin vi laugh suddenly. ~(ê yek?) pê hatin vi amuse, laugh at.kenandin (biken?ne) vt make (sb) laugh or smile, kenar fP edge.kendal / steep slope or side (of a moun- tain/hi lekendir see kindir, kenef /A toilet.kenêr /1 mahaleb, St Lucie cherry, bot Prunus mahaleb. 2 cedar, bot Cedrus. kenga see keng?.kengê see keng?.keng? interr adv when? Hun ~ ??n? When did you go?ken?n (bikene) vi laugh, smile, pê ~ vi laugh at, smile at.kenogir? adj between laugh and tears. kenok1 adj smiling-faced, cheerful. kenok2/ anecdote, kenz A see xizne.kepaze adj P ridiculous and contemptible, kepez m hillside, small hill, kepi see kep?.kep?r f dent tartar. ~ girtin vr fur up. kepo see kep?.kep? m amt 1 nasal bones. 2 nasal cavity, ker n donkey, ass. ~k? adv like an ass. ~t? /folly, stupidity.ker adj 1 deaf. 2 silent. ~ b?n vi become completely silent; grow deaf. ~ kirin vt cause (sb) to become deaf; silence. ~ man vi remain in silence. ~ ? lal deaf and dumb, kerafi / poison, kerajo n donkey-driver, kerane m hammer, kerat? / poison.kerb / anger; sadness, sorrow, -ok adj ready to get angry. ~oy? adj sorrowful, grieved. ~oy? b?n vi be grieved, kerd??/parcel (of a field, garden, etc), kereker adv secretly, furtively, sneakily. kerelal,kerolal,ker?lal adj dent anddumb. kerem /A bounty, generosity, kindness. K~ ke! Please! (when inviting or offer- ing/giving sth). Ji -a xwe (re)! Please! (when asking for sth), Bi/Bo -a xwe Please! kereng/cardoon, bot Cynara cardunculus. kerguh m hare, kerg? see kerguh. kerg??k see kerguh. keribandin (bikerib?ne) vt anger; sadden, kerib?n (bikeribe) vi get angry; feel sad. keritandin (bikeril?ne) vt eat with a crackling noise.kerik/unripe fig. ~a guh/amt external auditory canal.kerixandin1 (bikerix?ne) vt 1 cool. 2 press. kerixandin2 (bikerix?ne) vt offend, annoy, kerix?n (bikerixe) vi (ji yek?) - be/get offended, be/get annoyed.ker?1/flock.ker?2 ? part, piece, section. - kirin vt divide, divide (sth) into (portions), kerik see ker?kerme m dry dung (used as fuel).kerme? see kelm??.kerolal see kerelal.kero?k ? rabbit.kerpi? see kelp??.kertik1/row, line of a rice field.kertik2/notch, tally.kertol see kartol.ker?lal see kerelal.kerx adj exhausted, very tired.kerxane /brothel.kes1 ?person, individual. -ahi/ani/ayeti / personality; individuality, -ane adj personal, -dar adj concrete (as opposed to abstract), -in adj personal, -parez ? individualist -parêz? / individualism. kes2 pron used in the neg. or interr. form anybody, nobody. Min - nedit. I didn’t see anybody. K- nehatiye. Nobody has come, kesad adj scarce, in short supply. kesandin1 /personification, identification. kesandin2 (bi kesine) vt identify, personify, kesax/pruning. - kirin vt prune, lop off. kesek pron used in the neg. or interr. form anybody; nobody. K~ nehat. Nobody came. Me - nedit. We didn’t see anybody, keseki oblique case ?fkesek. keser / sadness, sorrow, -bar adj sad, sorrowful, -bari/ sadness, sorrow, kesibandin (bikesibine) vt acquire, obtain, kesibin (bikesibe) vi be acquired/obtained. kesikek see kesek, kesikeki see keseki. kesirandin (bikesirine) vr sadden, kesirin (bikesire) vi feel sad. kesi oblique case of kes nobody; anybody. K~ ew nedit. Nobody saw him. Ez - nab?nim. I don’t see anybody, kesif A adj dense, thick, kesk m,adj green, -an? n vegetables; greenness, keske adj greenish, -esor/?sor /rainbow, keskankiroj ?hawfinch, wol Coccothraustes. kesnediti adj unique, never seen before, kespik/ blue bead (used to ward off evil eye), kesp ? kosp ? obstacles.kesret A see pirani. keslene / Gk chestnut, chestnut tree, bot, Castanea.ke?al/ stalk (left after consuming the fruit), ke?e,ke?i? m monk, ke?ka ?ogê / anat femur, high bone, ke?ti/ ship, boat. ~ya agirkuj?yê fireboat. -yabarke? transport ship, -ya bayi sailing boat, -ya biberi k roving boat. ~ya bimotor motorboat. ~ya cengê warship, -ya d?kel? steamer, steam ship, -ya ge?te pleasure boat, -yahawarê lifeboat, -yamas?van?yê trawler, -ya nexwe?an hospital ship. ~ya petrol ke? tanker. ~ya rêber pilot boat, ke?t?gel / fleet.ke?t?van ? sailor, seaman, -i/ navy. ke?wer P see welat. ket/clover, trefoil, bot Trifolium, ketezer/yellow clover. ketin1 (bikeve) vi 1 fall. 2 enter, penetrate. 3 rob. - dexlê yeki take refuge behind (sb). - himbêza yek?/yekê vi sleep with. - qirika hev vi be at one another’s throat, have a violent quarrel. - rez vi rob an orchard/ vineyard. - xwar vi fall down, jê - vi fall down (off sth), mat be subtracted, lê - vi 1 touch, hit, reach. 2 upset, offend, li ber - vi worry about, be anxious, li ber xwe - vi be ashamed. Tari ket erdê. Night has fallen. ketin2/1 falling. 2 entering, entrance. 3 getting weak. keti1 / input. keti2 adj fallen, kevan/bow. ~ke? ? bowman, kevane / arch, vault, kevanek / parenthesis, kevani / house-wife, kev?ika guh / anat ear lobe, kev?? m spoon, -dank / container for keeping cutlery, canteen, kevir m stone, -e helan m marble, -é heste m flint, keviragir m lighter, kevirdar adj stony, kevirhesan m whetstone. keviri(n) adj made of stone, stony, kevi / edge, rim, fringe, border, shore. ~ya deryayê seaside. ~ya guh/anthelix. kev??en / beach.kevjal n crab, zool Brachyura. kevn adj old; archaic. ~ b?n vi become worn-out, become old, go out of fashion. - kirin v? wear to pieces, use up. kevnar,kevnare adj antique, archaic, kevnay?/ oldness, kevne1 n antique. kevne-2 pref old, antique, kevnedem / antiquaty. kevnejin / old woman; hag. kevnenas n antiquarian, antiquary, kevneperest adj reactionary. ~? / reaction, reactionary attitudes, kevne?op / tradition; custom. ~?n adj traditional.kevnik, kevn? / spider web, cobweb, kevok n pigeon, rock dove, zool columba livia. kevot/maple.kevro?k n hare. ~a kedt rabbit, kevtar see keffar. kevfin see ketin, kevz / moss.ke w ?partridge, zool Perdix perdix. -a s?sik sort of partridge with yellowish colors, kewandin (bikew?ne) vt brand, kewar / 1 granary. 2 beehive. ~a me?an beehive.kew?uk n rubber, cautbouc, natural rubber, kewg?rvan ? partridge-hunter, -if partridge-hunting, kew? / brand.kewin (bikewe) vi be branded, kewkeb see stêr. kewkurt m sulphure. kewn1 see kevn. kewn2 see gerd?n. kewtin see ketin, kewze/moss, alga, seaweed. key1 m King. ~!t? / kingdom, -perest ? monarchist. key2 see key a. key3/long knife.keya n the elected head of a village or of a neighbourhood within a town or city, keyban? / queen, keyber/big knife, keybir m razor, keyf see kêf. keys see kês.Keywan fastr Saturn, kezaxtin (bikezêx?ne) vt prune, trim kezeb/anar. liver. ~a re? liver, -a $pi lungs, kezixandin (bikezix?ne) vt prune, trim, kez? /braid.kez?zer adj.n blond, blonde, kezwan ? terebinth, kê oblique inlerr pron who? Kê xwar? Who ate (it)? a/ê/ên ~ of whom, whose? Ew a ~ ye? Whose is that? Ev pên?sa - ye? Whose pen is this? kê? n flea, zool Pulex irritans. kêderê see kuderê. kêf / pleasure, delight, joy, amusement, -(a yek?) an?n vt please (sb).~(a yek?) hatin vi feel glad, feel happy, be pleased. ~ kirin vt amuse (os), bi -a xwe kirin vt do it one’s own way, do it as one likes. ~(a yek?) xwastin vt do as one pleases. Tu bi ~a xwe y?. Do as you like, kêferat/effort, struggle, kêfte / pond.kefxwe? adj happy, glad, delighted. ~ b?n vibe happy/g lad. ~i/happiness,joy, gladness, kêj see keg.kêl/stitch. ~ lê xistin vt stitch, kêl m grave. ~ik? headstone, gravestone, kêlan (bikêle) vt plough, till, kêlangeh/ploughing land, kêlek/side, edge, li ~a prep beside, next to. li ~a hev side by side, kêlind? m scythe. ~kê§ n reaper, mower, kêl?/moment, instant, while. ~/kê,kekê adv for a while. ~ bi - adv with every moment, more and more, gradually, ji vê ~yê pê ve adv from now on, henceforth, kêm adj,adv little, not enough, less; rarely. ~ b?n vi decrease, grow less. ~ ditin vt 1 understimate, undervalue. 2 regard (sb/sth) as inferior/too little. 3 look down on. ~ kirin vt reduce, decrease. ~ zêde adv approximately. kêman?1 / 1 deficiency, defectiveness; lack. 2 insufficiency, inadequacy. kêman?2 adv at least, kêmas? see kêman?12. kêmayel? / 1 minority. 2 deficiency, lack, absence.kêmber adj unproductive, unfruitful;inefficient. ~? / unproductiveness, unfruitfulness, inefficiency, kêmhe? adj unreasonable, foolish. ~\f folly, foolishness; a foolish act or decision, kêmhêz adj weak, powerless, kêm? adv,adj less (than), kêmpêde adj rare, very rare, kêm pêde bun vi be very rare.kêmqedr adj worthless. ~ b?n vi go down in value.kêmxw?n adj anaemic. -1/anaemia, kêndir see kindir.kêr/use. bi ~? yek? hatin vi be useful for,be good for. -hat? adj useful, -nexwazadj malicious, malevolent.kêr / knife. ~ kirin vt stab, knife. ~kisandin vt threaten with a drawn knife,draw a knife. ~ lê xistin vt stab, knife. ~xwarin vt get knifed.kêran?n (bikêr?ne) vt use.kêrik/pen-knife.kero?k ? rabbit.kerwi?k ? rabbit.kês/opportunity. ~(a yek?) lê hatin vi have an opportunity. ~ pê an?n vt find an opportunity, -perest n opportunist, -peresti/ opportunism. kês(ek) n clod, lump (of earth), kêsim/stature, height. kê?1 adj.n addicted to (drug, smoking, etc); addict. ke?2/(poetry) meter. kS?im / stature, height ke?ker/carrier; conveyor, kê?wer see ki?wer.Kêwan / Saturn.kêz(ik)/insect.ki see ku.ki? see ke?.kigik adj small.kiflet see kuttet.kifr/tamarisk, bot Tamarix.kifrit/match, a box of matches.kif? adj clear, not secret, known, evident.kihêl n hespê ~ full-blooded Arabian horse.kij /season.kijole see ki jule.kij?le n sticks and twigs used in mud roofs, kil adv ~ b?n vi be waved or wagged; beswung or shaken. - kirin vt wave, wag; swing, shake.kil/kohl. ~ kirin vt darken (one’s eyelids) with kohl, kilam / song, kildank f kohl-pot. kiiêj? m coccyx, kiling/asparagus.kil?t/lock. ~ kirin vf lock, -?eker nlocksmith. kilor/1 ring-shaped cake. 2 hoop. ~? adj hoop-shaped. kilox‘ 11 skull. kilox2/lime. ~? adj limy, kils/lime. ~ kirin vt lime, add lime, -in adj limy, kilte n claykilyar m Russian cucumber, kimber see kember.kin adj short. - b?n vi be/become short, be shortened. - kirin vt shorten, kine m dress. - jê kirin vt undress. - ji xwe kirin vt get undressed. - lê kirin vt dress, cloth (sb). - li xwe kirin vt get dressed, -ê bin? underwear, kindir/ 1 hemp, hemp plant, bot Cannabis sativa. 2 rope.kindirbaz n rope dancer. ~?/ropedaneing.kinga see keng?.kingê see keng?kinik adj short.kin?/shortness.kir m missing. ~(ê yek?/ti?tek?) hatin vimiss (sb/sth).kiras1 m 1 woman-dress, long tunic. 2 loose robe worn by Arabs. 3 night shirt. 4 shirt. ~(ê yekê) hatin vi meastruate. kiras2 m appearance. Ew xwe dikin -é Kurdayet?yê. 'ITiey are pretending that they support the Kurdish cause, kirdar n 1 subject. 2 act. kirdayet?/ government; administration, kirde/gram subject. kirê/A rent, dan ~ vt rent, let - kirin vt rent or lease (from), ki rename /lease, rental contract, kirêdar n renter, tenant, lessee. ~?/being a renter/lessee/tenant. kirêjiyok/auricle, kirêkar n worker, labourer.kirêt adj dirty, filthy, unclean, kirin'/what sb does, activity, action. kirin2 (bike) vt 1 do. 2 put; put in/into. 3 be just about to do (sth). Ez dikim herim.I am just about to go. bi/ji ya yeki ~ vt comply with, conform to (sb’s wishes). je ~ vt 1 cut. 2 break off, tear off. 3 undress. Kince w? jêbike. Undress him. ji ber ~ vt learn by heart, memorize, ji xwe ~ vt take off (one’s clothes), le ~ vt 1 write. 2 put up (a wall, etc), build. 3 dress (sb). Min kincê pitikê lê kir. I dressed the baby, li xwe ~ vt put on, wear. ~ cih vt put, place, set, fit (sth) in its place. ~ ne~ vt do one’s best/the best one can. kiri yarn 1 customer, buyer. 2 subscriber. ~i/ subscription, kir? adv ji te ~ you think (that), kir?b m man who acts as a sort of God father to a boy at his circumcision. kir?n1 (bikire) vt buy, purchase. kirin2/purchase, buying. ~ ? f(i)rotin/trade. kirisk/cricket, kiriv see kir?b. kirkirik n flaxseed, linseed, kirkirk/onat cartilage, -a pars?yê costal cartilage, -at?ro?dê thyroid cartilage, kirkirok fanat gullet, Oesophagus, kirm see kurm.Kirmanc see Kurmanc.Kirmanci see Kurmanci.kirox n subject, perpetrator.kirm f phonetics accent, stress; emphasis.kirtik/anat cartilage, gristle.kir?r m 500.000.Jdryar1/ action.kiryar2 n subject.kisb / gain, earnings.kisb?kar rn profession, occupation.ki?!1 chess check!ki?!2 int shoo! scat! (to barnyard fowl). ~ kirin vt shoo away.ki?andin (biki??ne) vt 1 pull. 2 draw, drag. 3 attrack, draw. 4 send (a telegram). 5 take, last (time). 6 weigh. 7 endure, bear, tolerate. 8 smoke, take (drags). 9 withdraw, draw out (money). 10 suffer, ki?anek/ magnet.ki?(i)f adj uncovered, xwe ~ kirin vtuncover os.ki?ki?andin (biki?ki??ne) vt incite, stir up, rouse.ki?wer Pm 1 kingdom. 2continent, land, kitan/linen; part of Krd women’s dress covering head,chest and back, made of linen, kiiandin (bikitine) vt analyse, kitêb f A book, kitkit/detail.kitrim ? all, the public, bi -i adv generally, in general.Kix! int Dirty! Don’t touch! - e! Dirty! Don’t touch!,kixs/shallot, hot Allium ascalonicum. kiyark see kuvark. kiyaset see kês.kiz adj annoyed, bored. ~ kirin vt annoy, bore, kizin/vetch, hot Viseum album, kizirandin (bikizirine) vt roast, grill, set fire to (hairy things), kizirin (bikizire) vi (for hairy things) catch fire, grill, be roasted, kizin /deep sorrow or anguish. ~ bi dila ketin vt be deeply grieved, feel deep grief, kizir n 1 assistant to the village headman, village guard. 2 referee, k? inten pron who? K? hafiye? Who has come. Ki ye? Who is (that)? kija,kijan inten adj,pron Which? K~ pen ?sa ba? e? Which pen is good? K~ ??? Which one went? kijana see kijan. k?janê,k?jan? oblique case of kijan. kijik see kijan. kilo / Gk kilogram.kimyon mGkcumin, hot Cuminumcyminum. kin fP deep resentment, grudge; deep-sealed enmity. ~ girfin vt develop a grudge, kindar adj full of hatred; vindictive, rancorous.kinga inten adv When? Tu ~ hafi? When did you come? kinor/abscess. kir m anat penis, k?ro?k n hare, rabbit k?s m I bag. 2 (one’s) financial resources. kisik m money bag, small bag. ~ê diran m anat periodental membrane. ~t zirav m anat gall bladder.k?so m tortoise, zool Testudinata. k?swet A see kine.k?i/syllable, bi ~ adv syllable by syllable. K?wan/avrr Saturn, kizb A see derew.ko1 adj 1 (for a cutting implement) dull, not sharp. ~ b?n vi bc/become dull. 2 selfish. ko2 see ku1.ko3 see ku2.ko?/migration; goods and belonging of migrating people. ~ kirin vt migrate. ~a xwe rakirin vt set to migrate, migrate, ko?eg?r n wrestler, strapping and strong person.ko?er n,adj nomad; nomadic, ~ê woman’s name. ~if nomadic life, migration.~0 man’s name.ko?mai? adv (bi) ~ as a family, with all the family.kod1/ container made by carving wood. kod2/ small and open boat. kodik1 /wcigliing unit (about 2 kilograms). kodik2 / 1 container made by carving wood. 2 carved and dried egg-plant. kodik3 fanat pelvis. ~a ?ogê /mat patella, kneecap, kofr / a Krd head-dress, koh P see siya koh? see siyay?.kok/root; stub, -a diran /dent root. ~a zer/ curcuma.kokan?n/genoc?de, extirmination. kok(a ti?tek?) an?n vt extirminate. kokim n old person. kolan1 (bikole) vr 1 dig. 2 lê ~ investi gate, research. kolan2/street; alley, koland?n (bikol?ne) vt dig. kola re n zool kite, kole/slave. ~t?/ slavery, kol?n (bikole) see kolan. kolos,koloz m conical hat; helmet, kom / 1 group. 2 heap, pile, mound. 3 crowd, mass. ~ b?n vt be gathered, be collected; gather, meet. ~ kirin vt add up; gather; save up.komar/republic, -in, adj republican, -xwaz n,adj republican. ~xwanf republicanism, komb?n? / ceremony.komciv?n/congress, general assembly, general meeting, komek/paragraph. komei1 / association, club; society. komel2/magazine. komela,komele see komel. komik/small group; small heap or pile, komir/coal. ~a dar?n charcoal, kom pere/ total amount, sum. kompeyvik / gram compound. kon1 m tent. ~ dan?n/girêdan vt pitch a tent. ~ê xwe rakirin vt migrate; move. kon2 m -ê pire m spiderweb, cobweb, koncal/hollow, hole, kone adj cunning, foxy, konik m small tent; web. konsül n It consul, -xane/consulate, kop m top, summit, kopal see gopal.kor adj 1 blind. 2 unaware of what is happening. ~ b?n vt be/become blind. ~ kirin vt make (sb) blind, cause (sb) to become blind, -ani/ay?/t?/ blindness, korderz?/pin. koremi?k n, zool mole, korfelaq? adv by chance; at random, korko ? the 5 days between the 2nd and 7th October.kort/adj pit hole, hollow, cavity ;pi tied, dented, kortal / precipice; deep and wide pit. kortik1 / hole, hollow, cavity. ~a ?av / mat orbit. ~a kemaxê / small of the back. ~a qorikê / small of the back. kortik2 / dimple.kose1 m the boy who knocks the doors and asks for a present on the New Year’s Eve, kose2 adj beardless or with a scarce beard, kosp/obstacle, barrier, ko?/I skirt. 2 lap.k??k / kiosk, mansion, reachly decorated building.kot m top (of a mountain, etc.), kotek / beating, (bi) ~f adv by force, exerting pressure, koter see gerden?. kolin (bikoje) vt gnaw, kot? adj 1 bad. 2 selfish, kot?b?n/leprosy, Hansen’s disease. kov1 adj bowed, curved, concave.kov2 see kovik. ~ên gur?ikê mat calyx. kovan1 adj bent, twisted. kovan2 see birin. kovan3 / longing, yearning, kovar/magazine. ~a hefteyi weekly. -a tneliane monthly. ~a n?vmeh? forthnightly. ~a salane annual journal, kovik/1 shell of an acorn. 2 funnel, kov? adj wild, ferocious. ~ti/wildness, koxik/ coop; hut, shack, tiny house, koxtik see koxik.cinder koz/ sheep pen (in open air), kozik/m//. or hunt, trench, foxhole, ketin ~ê vi take position in a foxhole. ku1 rel. pro. who, which, that, where. G undê - ew le r?dine The village where he lives. ku2 conj if. Ku tu w? bib?n?. If you see him. ku inten- adv Where? Ji ~ Where from? Ew ji ~ tê? Where is he coming from? Li - Where? Tu li ~ y?? Where are you? kubar adj polite, well bred, refined, ku?e/street, ku? m stone, ku?ik m small stone. kugik2 m fireplace (made of stones), fireplace, kuda see kudekudandin (bikud?ne) vr.vilast, continue, kude ini err. adv. where, where to. K~ di??? Where arc you going? kuderê interradv where, ji ~ where from, li - where.kuf int uf ~ huffing, uf ~a yek? bun vi be in a huff.kufik/mold; mildew. -avêtin vtget mouldy, kufiki adj mouldy. ~ bun vi get mouldy. kufir/Arprofanity. ~ bun viuse profane language.kuflet/family, wife and children, kuftik / a meat ball covered with a layer of cracked wheat and boiled, kufw see hevta. kuh see ko1.kuj m corner; end, extremity. ~ê levé labial commisure.kujdêr n.adj killer; mortal, deadly, fatal. kul1/suffering, sorrow. kul2 adj inflamed, infected (any part of body). ~ b?n vi get inflamed, get infected, kulav m 1 long felt mat. 2 shepherd’s felt cloak, kulbe/hoe.kuldur adj sorrowful, grieved, kulebang tn cock, rooster.kuleh m conical hat. kulek adj lame. ~i fadj lameness; lame. ~? b?n vi limp, become lame, kulemar n wol kite, külfet nA trouble, inconvenience, bother, kulik / circumflex, kulind m marrow, -terk m courgette, kuling m pickax, mattock, kul? n 1 flake (of snow). 2 grasshoper, locust, zool Acridium. kuligik / ring-shaped cake, kul?lk/flower; wild flower; blossom, kul?mek/ mat thigh bone, femur-, kul?n'/recessor or alcove for storing beds. kul?n2/kitchen, kul?n3 (bikule) vi limb, kulm /la handful amount. 2 the hallow of the hand (palm and fingers). 3 fist (clenched). - lê dan/xistin vt punch, kulmik/fisl. kulor see kilor. kum tn skullcap, cap. kumik1 m mushroom. kumik2 m small cap. kumik2 m circumflex, kumre? adj jealous, envious, kumzirx m helmet.kun1 m animal skin used as a container, kun2/hole; den, lair. kun3/a/wf anus.kune / corner. - n(i)visar column (of newspaper), kuneik see kune.kunc? m sesame, hot Sesamum indicum. -kerk m wild sesame, kund m owl.kundir m marrow, pumpkin. ~ê m?ran? m sweet yellow goui'd, winter squash, hot Cucurbita maxima, kundur see kundir. kunêr / abscess. kur1 m son; boy.kur2 adj wild; fierce, ferocious. ~? m monster. kur3: ~ kirin vt cut (hair), shave, porê xwe ~ kirin have a haircut. kur4 see ser?,kuran?/boyhood; boyishness, kurap m son of father’s brother, kurbe?k n badger.Kurd n Kurd, -ayeti / supporting the Kurdish cause, Kurdishness. -istan / Kurdistan, -i f,adj Kurdish, -perwer nsupporter of the Kurdish cause. -perweri /supporting the Kurdish cause. Kurdmanc see Kurmanc. ~? Kurmanc?. kurdunda adj (man) not having a son. kutebav m,adj brave, brave man. kurepist /furtive whispering. ~ kirin vt whisper to each other, kurisandin (bikuris?ne) vt clip, shear, kur??k/curl. ~? adj curly, kürk m fur.kurk/brooding. - ketin vi brood, set. kurm m 1 caterpillar, worm, maggot, larva. 2 habit, kurmam see kurap.Kurmanc n a Kurd speaking Kurmanc?.Kurmanc?/a Kurdish dialect, Kurmanci.kurmik1 m maggot, larva.kurmik2 m small melon or watermelon.kurm? adj wormy.kurmor?/ant.kurm?r? / ant.kurs?/chair.kur?/frozen snow.kurt adj short. ~ b?n vi be short, becomeshorter, shrink. ~ kirin vt 1 shorten. 2abridge. 3 abbreviate.kurtan see kürtün.kurtay? fl shortness. 2 abbreviation.kurte / abbreviation; summary; brief.kurtebir/short cut. bi ~? adv shortly.kurteb?n adj narrow-minded; short-sighted,myopic. ~?/short- sightedness, myopia.kurtegotar/short speech.kurtej?n / biography.kurtename / note, short letter.kurtepêl/short wave.kurtik m shirt.kurtkiri adj abbreviated, shortened, kurtole n dwarf.kürtün / pack-saddle. - kirin vt put a pack-saddle on an animal. kurt?pis,kur?pis / whisper, (di guhê yek? de) kirin ~ vt whisper (sth) to (sb). kurxal m son of mother's brother, kusan 1 see ?awa. 2 see ?ima. kustax P adj insolent, ku?dar n killer, murderer, ku?tar / slaughter, massacre, ku?dn (bikuje) vt kill, xwe ~ vt commit suicide, work os to death, ku?t? adj.n killed, murdered; killed/mur- dered person, victim, kuta adj.n finished, ended; end. ~ bun vi end, be finished, come to an end. - kirinvt finish, complete.kutan (bikute)vr hit, beat, knock;thrash;pound. kutandin see kutan, kutan? adv in short, briefly, in brief, kutas?/result, end; completion, kutek see kotek- kutkutik n zool woodpecker. kuva,kuve inten adv Where, Where to? K~ ??? Where did he/she/it go? kuv? see kov?.kuxik/cough, bi ~ê ketin vi have a cough. kux?n1/cough. kux?n1 (bikuxe) vi cough, k??ik n dog. ~ê bar rabid dog. ~ê ?iven sheep dog.yk?h see siya k?j see kuj. k?lav see kulav. k?nêr / abscess, k?ntar see quntar. k?p m large, earthenware jar. k?r adj blind. ~ b?n vi be/become blind. ~?/t? /blindness.k?r adj deep; profound. ~ bun vi be deep, get deep, - kirin vf deepen ; investigate the details. k?rah?,k?ray?/depth; profundity, k?rb?n adj far-seeing; far-sighted, küre m bellows.k?rek?r/sobbing bitterly. - kirin Jürin ~,~a yek? b?n sob bitterly, k?s? see k?so.k?t adj lame. ~ b?n vi be/become lame, k?tik n dog.k?van/pain, ache, suffering, k?v? adj wild. ~t?/wildness, k?w? see k?v?. k?z m earthenware water jug. k?ze see k?z. kwa see ka. kwan? see kan?, kw?ner,kw?nêr/ abscess, kw?r adj blind. ~ b?n vi be/become blind. ~?/t?/ blindness, kw?r see k?r. kw?s? see k?so. kw?z see k?z. kw?z see g?z.1/the 15th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.la’ m side. ~ girtin vt back, support, take side. Layê minbigire. Side with me. la2 fmus la, A. la?ik n a fine muslin, laffP 1 words, remarks. 2 empty words. lal1 adj dumb; silent, tongue-tied. ~ b?n vt be tongue-tied, be/become dumb. ~ kirin vt make (sb/sth) silent, cause (sb) to become dumb. ~ man vi remain speechless, be astonished, ~ti/ dumbness. lal2 ? pearl.lale/P tulip, -zar n tulip-bed. lali1 /dumbness. lal?2/large, round tray.\amfanat cheek, lampe /Gk lamp, landek/ cradle, landik see landek. lanet f A curse, imprecation, lanik see landek.laper?n / gram conjugation. ~ kirin vt conjugate.lap??k m claw, paw. laqirdi/h chat, talk, conversation, ketin -yan vi become lost in conversation, chat, lar/stable, lastik / Fr rubber, la? m 1 body. 2 corpse. lat1 m rock, cliff.lat2 n 1 bed (for vegetables). 2 part, parcel. ~ kirin vt divide, lava/ begging, pleading. ~ (jê) kirin vt beg, plead.lavahi / begging, pleading. ~ kirin vt beg, plead.lavakar n beggar, pleading person, lavaker see lavakar. lavayi see lavahi. lave see lava.Iavelav,lavlav/begging,pleading, kirin kirin vt beg, plea, lavlafk/ivy, hedera, bot Hedera. law m boy; son. -an?/boyhood, -kani adj boyish.lawante /It lavender-water.lawaz adj weak; thin. - b?n vi get/be116leinthin, get/be weak. - kirin vt cause (sh/an animal) to get thin, weaken, -i/thinness, weakness.lawik1 m young boy; young son. lawik2/elegy, lawje/elegy, lawlawk/ morning glory, layengir n supporter, backer. ~i / support, backing.Iayiq,layiq adj A worthy. ~(? li?tek?) b?n vi be worthy of. ~(? yeki) ditin vt find (sth) appropriate enough for (sb). laylaci rgd greedy.lazim adj A necessary, needed, required. - b?n vi be necessary, be needed, be required, laz?i m corn.le adv what about, and. Le tu? What about you? And you? leb P see lev.lebat'/action, movement; behaviour. ~i adj gram active. lebat2 m anal organ, lebikandin (bilebikine) vt mess up. lebikin (bilebike) vi be messed up. pê - be too busy with.lebitandin (b?lebit?ne) vt move, operate, lebitin (bilebite) vi move about, lec/I competition. 2 battle, fight. - kirin vt compete, leebezi/race. le?ik/ kerchief.legan / large shallow metal vessel; tub. -a gur?ikê amt renal pelvis, legel see li gel.legleg n stork, zool Ciconiaciconia. lehd A see gor.lehane,lehene G/cabbage, bot. Brassica oleracea. leheng n hero, lehêf/quilt, lehi / flood.lehizevan see leyistevan.lehizin (bilehize) see listin.lehiztik see lisiik.lehw A see heng.lehze A /moment.leim A see gazin.lein A see mel?n.lej/battle, fight, lejward m metal, lek m 10,000.Lek n A Kurdish speaking Lek?, Lak. ~? /Laid dialect spoken in south of Kurdistan, leke/P stain, spot, blot, lekm m paw, claw.lem / melon-plant, plant (of squash,melon, etc).lema adv this is why.Lemyezel A see Xwedê.lenger /1 anchor. 2 tray. - berdan vtcast/drop anchor. ~ hildan vt weigh anchor.lengerandez adj anchored.lengerga see lengergeh.lengerge see lengergeh.lengergeh / anchorage.lep m palm of hand, paw. ~ kirin vt takeby handful. - lê dan vt paw, attack withpaw. ketin nav ~an vi fall under sb’scontrol, be caught by. ji nav -anderketin vi succeed in escaping from (sb).lepik m gloves.leq/movement. ~(? yek?) b?n vi meet by chance.leqandin (bileq?ne) vtmove(sth), loose, leqfn (bileqe) vi move, be/become loose, be/become shaky. Neleqe! Don’t move! leriz see lerz.lerizandin (bileriz?ne) vt cause (sb/sth) to tremble, shiver or shake, leriz? adj shaky, quaking, lerizin (bilerize) vi shiver, tremble, shake, lerz / shiver, tremor, lerzek adj trembling, shaky, quaking, lerzok n shaky person, le?ker n 1 army, military. 2 soldier, -geh /military camp, barracks. ~i f,adj military. -tif military profession, military service,le?kir see le?ker.let?f A adj delicate, dainty, lev corn of li hev.leva adv ~ b?n vi be divided, be partitioned. - kirin vt divide, leven m cane, -é ?ekir sugar cane, lewend? m elongation (of sleeve or skirt), lewitandin (bilewit?ne) vt dirty, soil, lewit? adj dirty.le wit?n (bile wi te) vi get dirtied, be soiled, lewj/psalm, hymn; march lewleb see felek.lewlewok adj talkative, chatterbox. ~??/ chatter, idle talk. ~t? kirin vt chatter, talk idly, blab.lewm/blame, complaint, lewma adv this is why, lewra see lewre.lewre conj because, ji - ku because, this is why. lewt/dirt.lexem1/(underground) sewer. lexem2 / mine; tunnel, -??n / minesweeper.leyizandin (bileyiz?ne) see ley?standin. leyiz?n (bileyize) see ley?stin. ley? see leh?.ley?standin (bileyist?ne) vt make (sb) dance, make (sb) play, ley?s?evan n player, ley?stik/game.ley?stin (biley?ze) vi play; dance.ley?stok/ toy.leyi A see ?ev.leylan'/song.leylan2/mirage.leylaq fP lilac.leym?n Gf lemon, bot Citrus limonum, leystik see ley?stik- leystin see ley?stin. leystok see ley?stok.lez / speed; hurry. - dan vt speed up, accelerate. - kirin vt hurry up. L~ bike! Hurry up! - bi - adv quickly, fast, lezandin (bilez?ne) vt speedup, accelerate; hurry up.lezbot/launch, patrol boat, lezg?n adj speedy, quick. ~? speed, velocity; hurry.lezik adj swift, nimble, lezjimêr / speedometer, lez?bez/hurry. lê1 conj but.lê2 cont of: li wê/w? or li yek?/ti?tek? to,onto, at. - ??n vt 1 be similar to (sb/sth), resemble, look like. 2 (money) be spent (to get sth done). - gerandin (lê biger?ne) vi wind, wrap. - h?r b?n vianalyse. ~ ketin (lê keve) vi 1 touch, reach, hit. 2 mate with. -kirin (lê(bi)ke) vt 1 build. 2 dress (sb). 3 load. 4 write. 5 pour on. - kisandir, vt present sth at sb. W? ?e?ar li min ki?and. He presented a gun at me. - sor bun vi be eager (to do sth). ~ sor kirin vt provoke. - vegerandin (lê veger?ne) vt 1 give back, return. 2 reject. 3 reply, xwe -damn vt land at (a place), perch upon (a place). lê3 int used when calling a woman or girl L~ R?ken! Hey R?ken? lê4 adj serious.lêanin / making (one thing) fit to (another).lê an?n vt make (one thing) fit to (another), lêb see lêv.lêbelê conj but, however, lêbor?n/ pardon, lê bor?n (lê bibore) vt pardon, forgive. Li min bibore. Forgive me. - xwestin vt beg (sb’s) pardon, lêb?n (lêbibe) vi 1 be written. 2 be built (wall, etc). 3 be present, be in (a place), lê?? m expense(s), expenditure(s). lê??n / similarity, resemblance, lêdan / beating. lê dan vt beat, hit. lêf see lihêf.léger n researcher, investigator. lêger?n/1 research, search. 2 twining, lê ger?n (lê bigere) vt 1 search, look for. 2 twine around, wind, -van n researcher, lêhatin /chance, coincidence, lê hatin vi 1 fit, suit. 2 have good luck; coincide with, Ji te re lê hat. You are lucky, lêhildan / informing, denunciation, lê hildan vt inform against (sb). lêhildok n informant, lêh?rb?n (analysis, lê h?r b?n vi analyse, lêk cont of li yek; adv (to) one another, lêker / gram verb, -a al?kar auxiliary verb, -a gerand? transitive verb, -a hevedudan? compound verb, -a negerand? intransitive verb, lêkol?n/research. lê kol?n (lê bikole) vt research, search, investigate, -van n researcher. -van?/research, the work of a researcher, lêmi?t/flood.lêmi§tin/ smearing, lê mi?tin vt smear.Bi xenceran ku?tin, bi xw?na sor lê mi ?t?n. They stabbed and smeared (him) with red blood.lênihêr ? observer, -if observation, lên?sk/ notebook, exercise book, lêpirs?n / interrogation, lê pirsin vt ask about/aftcr (sb/sth).lêrasthatin/coincidence; chance meeting. lê rast hatin vi coincide with, meet by chance, chance upon (sb). lêv f anat lip. -a xwe daliqandin vt pucker one’s lip, sulk, -a jêr?n lower lip. -a jorrn upper lip. lêvk? adj,adv labial, lêvok see devok.lêxistin/beat; blow, stroke, knock, hitting. lê xistin vt 1 hit, beat, knock. 2 hit (atarget).3play (amusical instrument), lêysjin see listin lêystik see i?stik.li prep at, in, to. Min - w? guhdar? kir.I listened to him. - mal at home. - gund in the village, li ba(l) prep at, near, with.ber prep 1 in front of. - ber d?wêr in front of the wall. 2 on the edge of, on the brink of. Ew - ber mirinê ye. He is on the brink of the grave. - ber golê on the edge of the lake. - ber ?av(an) girtin vt consider. - ber ger?n vi beg, implore, plead with. - ber ketin vi feel sorry for.ber xis(in vt impel or drive (sb) to; make (sb) understand (sth). - ber xwe ketin vi feel ashamed. - c? adj appropriate, well-timed. - derve prep outside, out. - d? prep behind. - d? man vi stay behind, be left behind. - d? (xwe) h??tin vt leave behind, -gel prep with, together.gor/gora/gor? adj,adv appropriate, fitting, suitable; according to, in the opinion of. Ev ne - gor min e. This is not suitable for me. L~ gora min In my opinion. L~ gora karê te. According to your work. - her dere adv everywhere,hev one another. - hev gerandin vt make (things) wind or tangle around one another. - hev ger?n vi 1 get wound or tangled around one another. 2 look for one another. - hev vegerandin vt 1 quarrel. 2 engage in a contest of poeticrepartee. 3 send back to one another. ~ jêr prep,adv below, downstairs. ~ jor prep.adv above, upstairs. ~ ku interr adv Where? Tu ~ku r?din?? Where do you live? ~ kuderê interr adv Where? - nav prep among, inside. - nav daran among the trees. ~ pa?prep behind. - pa? (yek?) peyiv?n vi talk behind someone’s back, gossip. ~ pe? prep 1 in front of, before. 2 in the presence of. ~ pi?t(a) prep behind, on one’s back. ~ pi?ta xwe kirin vt put on one’s back. ~ rex prep next to, on the edge of. ~ rê adj appropriate. ~ ser prep on, over. Pirt?k - ser masê ye. The book is on the table. L~ ser seran ! With pleasure! ~ ser sere me over us. ~ ser sekinin vi give a matter a lot of thought, dwell on (a matter), (xwe) ~ ser dan?n vt perch upon. ~ ser xwe adj healthy, old but still vigorous. Ew h?n - ser xwe ye. He is still vigorous. ~ vê derê,-vir,-vira prep.adv here. L- vir(a) binêre! Look here! - wê derê,- wir,- wira prep.adv there. - xwe adv to/at/on oneself. - xwe kirin vt wear, put on. lib / a single thing, item, piece, pêne - five (ones). — adv one by one. - - kirin vt separate particles or pieces. —I adj in particles or pieces, libas m A clothes, dress, libatl adj active.liblranln/remembering, li b?r an?n vtremember. Min li b?r b?ne. Remember me. libo adv — one by one. lib?d?/bow (used for fluffing cotton or wool).lidarxistin / carrying out, application, putting (a plan, a law, etc) into practice, li dar xistin vt 1 carry out, apply, put (a plan, a law, etc) into practice. 2 set up, assemble, put together, lief see l?hêf.ligam m halter (for a horse, etc), lihevan?n/reconciliation, li hev an?n vt 1 reconcile, makepeace (among). 2make (one thing) fit (another), lihevhatin / 1 peace, reconciliation. 2 chance, coincidence, li hev hafin vi 1 make peace (with one another), be reconciled. 2 coincide with, chance, lihevketin / collision, li hev ketin vicollide; meet.lihevkirin/agreement, li hev kirin vt agree, lihêf /quilt. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image19.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image19.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET lihêm seelih?m.I i him/solder. - kirin vt solder, -ker n solderer. lik n shellac.limêj/ritual of warship centred in prayer, ling m foot, leg. - dan erdê vt resist. ~(ê yek?) li yek? hatin vi bring luck for (sb). ~ li hev ketin vi stumble over; trip up. - pê re neki??n vi be unable to walk, dan bin -an vt 1 trample down. 2 excuse, li ser -an sekin?n vi stand up. xistin bin -an vt trample down; disregard, lingn?el?k adj flat-footed. ~? / flat- footedness, liq n branch; unit.liserveb?n / diagnosis, li ser veb?n vidiagnose.liv / movement, slight movement. - li xwe xistin vt move, liva /fine wool (of lamb), livandin (biliv?ne) vt move (sth). xwe - vt move.livbaz n activist. ~? / action, activity, -?kar n activist, livin' (bilive) vi move. liv?n2/ slight movement. liv?n3 m bed. ketin nav -an vi go to bed. - dan?n vt make up/arrange beds, liwa/milit regiment, lixwegir n contractor, builder, li xwe girtin vt take on (a burden, etc.), undertake. ~? / undertaking, l??/pond.l?gik/mucus, nasal mucus, l?mon fGk lemon.l?randin (bil?r?ne) vt yell (particularkind of cheer, usually by women during wedding feasts), l?r?n (bii?re) see l?randin. l?s(ik) /roosting place, l?s?n (bil?se) vi perch, roost, l?sk see l?stik,l?stik'/l game. 2 dance. ~ên gelêr?folkdances.l?stin2 (bil?ze) vt 1 play, play agame. 2 dance.l?slok/toy.l?tav/marsh.l?wan n bit (of a bridle). - kirin vt put the bit in a horse’s mouth, lo int used when calling a man or a boy. lob fanat: ~a jorin upper pulmonary. ~a kezebê lobe of the liver, lob?/ bean, lobye/ bean, lod n heap, pile, lok m camel (male), loin see lome.Ionia adv this is why. lome/blame, complaint. ~ kirin vt complain. ~ lê kirin vt blame, reprove. ~ lê neb?n vi be blameless. lot]1 m morsel, bite (of food). loq2 (of horse, etc) trot. —? adv at a trot. —? ??n/me??n vi trot, go at a trot, loqim/d Turkish delight.Lor n a Krd dialect, person speaking that dialect.lorandin (bilor?ne) vt 1 lull; sing a lullaby. 2 wail, lament.lorikl/l lullaby. 2 lament. lorik2 m soft, uncured cheese.Lori see Lor. lor?1/lullaby. lor?2 n eagle.lorin (bilore) see lorandin.lo? m a slightly leavened, flat pizza-like bread.lo(,lotik/jump. kick. ~ dan vt jump up and down; kick. ~ dan xwe vt hare off; jump up and down.Lübnan / Lebanon. ~? Lebanese, lutf A see qenc?.l?bl?b / begging, pleading. - kirin vt beg, plead.l?fik/fibrous scrubbing pad (used when taking a bath), l?l n mother-of-pearl, nacre, l?la paz?/ humerus, l?laqa sl?r fanat tibia, shin bone, l?laqa zirav / amt fibula, splint bone, l?le/tube; barrel (of a gun), l?lezenda st?r/amt ulna, l?lezenda zirav famt radius, l?l? see l?l.l?r n — sound of a shepherd’s flute.l?randin (bil?r?ne) vt play a flute.l?r?n/sound of a shepherd’s flute.l?s/perch, roost.l?s?n (bil?se) vi perch, roost.l?t m amt nose; nasal bones; nasal cavity.I?iik,l?tke m mountain peak.m / the 16th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, ma interr Ma ev a te ye? Is this yours? mabeyn see navbeyn. mag/kiss. ~ dan vt give a kiss. Magekê bide min. Give me a kiss, - kirin vrkiss. Destê bavé xwe ~(?) bike. Kiss your father’s hand (inrespect), hevdu - kirin vt kiss one another, magi see mag. maglek n anat joint.mad m 1 appetite, desire for food. 2 facial expression. ~(ê yeki) g?n fi?teki have a desire for. ~(ê yeki) jê man vt be disgusted with, have no desire for (food). -(é yeki) li hev ketin vi feel sick at one’s stomach, feel nauseated. ~(ê xwe) tir? kirin vt put on a sour face, sulk, madde m A 1 matter, substance. 2 material, component. 3 entry, item (in a list), made m anat stomach, bindevka - pylorus, serdevka - cardiac orifice, maden mA 1 mine. 2 mineral. 3 metal, mader/mother. ~i adj maternal, -?ah?/ matriarchy.madik/swaddling clothes, madtal adj sour-faced, angry-looking. ~i/sullen face. ~? kirin vt put on a sour face, look annoyed or angry, bi ~i adv sullenly, sulkily.mad?mir?z m -é xwe kirin vt put on asour face, sulk.maf m right, share. ~(ê xwe) stendin vt get one’s due, get one’s share or right. ~(ê yek?) xwarin vt be unjust, -é ?aren?s? m right for self-determination. ~ên jinan women rights. ~en mirovan/ mirov?n human rights. ~ê penaber?yê m asylum right, maf?r / carpet, mah see meh. mahandin see mehandin. mahffA destruction; obliteration. - b?n vi be destroyed, be ruined, be obliterated. - kirin vi destruct, destroy, obliterate, mahf?r / carpet, mahln see meh?n. mahl? / rake.mahor /level.mahr / act of marrying, marriage. ~ birin vr conclude marriage contract, join (two people) in marriage. ~ lê birin vt give in marriage to. - kirin vt marry, mahr?m see mehr?m. mahwe? adj moon-like, ma?de m canteen or flask (metal or plastic, used for water), mail A see mêldar. mak/ mother; female, makeqan?n flaw constitution, make?er/ lioness, makeziman m mother tongue, makine f It \ machine, -a dr?nê a) sewing machine, b) harvester, reaping machine, -a dr?n ? géré combine (harvester). -a tovre?ane drill (for sowing). 2 car.mal1/ home; family; house. M~ava! 1) be fair, be reasonable! 2) M~ ava/M~a ie ava. Thanks, Thank you. - bar kirin v/ move; migrate. - ava kirin vt build a house, set up housekeeping. ~(a yeki) xera kirin vt ruin, do away with (sb). mal2 m property, goods, malbat/family, line, ancestry, maldar n,adj rich person, capitalist; rich, malhaziri / whatever available (when showing hospitality to an unexpected guest).malik1/I small house. 2 cell. 3 row of a garden.malik2/(poetry) couplet. mali?tin1/wiping, sweeping. mali?tin2 (bimale) vt sweep, mal? / wife, mal?n see malfin. mal?ye /A finance.malmezin / noble family. ~if nobility. Malm?rat! int Damn you! maltin (bimale) vt sweep, malwêran? / being ruined, suffering a great loss.malxo^nalxwe n head of the family; owner, malzarok/anat uterus, womb, mam m (paternal) uncle, mamele f A 1 treating, behaviour. 2 the processing.mamik/riddle. mamir(k)/domestic hen. mamosta see mamoste. mamoste n teacher. ~t?/teaching, being a teacher.mamur n A civil servant, man (him?ne) vi stay, remain, be left, di sinifê de ~ vi fail a class/grade. ji fi?teki ~ vi miss (a vehicle, a chance, etc), li benda (ti?tek?/yek?) ~ vi wait for. fi?teki yek? ne- vi 1 recover (from illness). 2 lose everything, mandal?n/// mandarin. mand?1/ future.mand?2 adj tired. - b?n vi become tired. ~ kirin vt tire.mane / 1 meaning. 2 excuse, li manan germ vi look for an excuse, -dar adj significant, meaningful, -k?r adj significant, meaningful, full of meaning, -zan? / semantics, manend see wek. manga see mange, mange/ cow. manger n wheel plough, manker / she-donkey. manqel see manqil. manqer see manqil. manqil/brazier (used as a heater), manqir see manqil. manto m Fr (woman’s) coat, maqesok see meqesok. maq?l adj A reasonable, sensible. - ditin vt regard as reasonable, accept. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image21.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image21.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET mar1 m snake, -é zengildar rattlesnake, -gir n snake-catcher. mar2 see mahr,marg?se n chameleon, zool Chameleon vulgaris.marg?sk m adder, viper, zool Vipera communis.marijok/germander, hot Teucrium. marin1 / celandine, swallowwort, botChelidonium majus. marin2 (bimare) vi (for a sheep) bleat. marin3 / bleat, bleating, mar?pi?t m spine, backbone, mark? adv snaky, as a snake, marmarok n lizard, marmas? n eel, zool Anguilla, marmazik see marmarok. marmij adj unscrupulous, unjust; cruel, marqil?n (bimarqile) vi lê - notice, perceive; recognize, mar?m?r reptilia. mase / Lat table, masen?s/ desk.mas? n fish. - girtin vt fish, -dank / aquarium, -gir n fisherman. -?gir? / fishery, fishing.-van n fisherman, -van? / fishery, fishing, mas??ak?? n zool hammerhead, mas?m?sa n zool sole, masipis?k n zool sheat fish, mas???r n zool sword fish, mas?w?sk n zool pilchard, sardine, mas?xat?nk n salmon, mas?xirk n zool porcupine fish, mas?z?v n zool sand-smelt, silversides, atherine. mast m yoghurt. mastêlk,mastêrk/funnel, masftlke n anat muscle, -yen ?av ocular muscles.ma? m 1 Indian bean. 2 cow pea, blackeyed pea.ma?andin (bima??ne) vt abrade, wear away, corrode, ma?e/tongs, fire tongs. ma?iq n lover.ma??n (bima?e) vi wear away, be abraded, corrode, be corroded. ma?oq n lover, ma?ot n caterpillar.mat1 adj bewildered, confused; silent. - b?n vi be utterly bewildered or confused. - kirin vt bewilder or confuse utterly. - man vi be utterly bewildered or confused, -may? adj astonished, confused, bewildered.mat2n (chess) checkmate, mate, - b?n vi be checkmated. - kirin vt checkmate.matem A see ?w?n\ mawer,mawerd A see gulav. maw? A see ??n. mawzêr / Gr Mauser rifle. may?n1 see man.may?n2/mine. ~??n /mine-s weeper, maz m ram.Mazra / A Kurdish city in Northern Kurdistan (Elazi? in Turkish), maz? n oak apple, gall apple, bot Quercus infectoria.mazot f Rus diesel fuel; mazut, mazout.mazu see maz?.maz? see maz?.maz?ban see maz?van.maz?van n host, hostess.me1 per/poss pron, poss adj we; our; ours;us. Me ew d?t. We saw it. pir??kên ~our books, a/ê/ên ~ ours. Ew ê mebigirin. They will catch us.me2 imp (neg) do not. Meke! Don’t do (it)!meal A see mane.mebes see mebestmebest / intention, intent, purpose.meb?s / A member of parliament.mecal fA strength. ~ (tê de) neman/ji -de ketin vi have no strength left, beexhausted.mecb?r adj A forced to, obliged to. - b?n vi be forced to, be obliged to, have to(dosth). -hi?tin/kirin vt force, oblige, mecmer see bixurdank. mecrefe see mercefe. mecruh A see bir?ndar. meda see bor?. meddah A see pesindar. nieder / scene, light, derketin -é vi appear, come on the scene, medh A see pesn. medho?, medh?? P see gêj. medreb/paddy-field, rice-field, mefa/ benefit, profit; advantage, -dar adj useful, beneficial, meft?h see vekir?.me?er P conj It seems that..., apparently..., I found out that... meh / month, -a bor?/?? last month, -a (ku) bê/tê next month, -a hinguv?n /honey moon, mehandin1 / digestion. mehandin2 (bimeh?ne) vt digest. mehan?,meh? adv.f monthly; monthly wage, salary.mehder /intercession. - kirin vt intercede.mehd, mehdik A see derg??.mehel A see cih.mehel A see tax.mehf?r see mahf?r.mehiw see mêw.meh? see mehan?.meh?n1/ marc.meh?n2 (bimehe) vi be digested, meh?r/soup made of yoghurt, water and boiled wheat.meh keme/A 1 law court. 2 trial, hearing.mehname / monthly.mehr see mahr. - kirin see mahr kirin.mehr?m adj deprived, destitute.mehtab,mehtav / moonlight.mehter n broom, stable-man.meh?j see mew?j.mehvan see mêvan.mehz?z A see pardar.rnej? m anat brain.mej? see mej?.Meke/ Mecca, meknun see ve?art?. mekr A see dek. mek??f see xuya. melamet see gazin, melb?s see kine.mele m hodja, mollah, Moslem preacher. - bang dan vt (mele) give the call to prayer, melevan?/swimming. - kirin vt swim, (bi) - l?stin vt swim, melêv/(wooden) pitchfork, melhem/ ointment, salve. - (lê) kirin vt apply ointment, melhêb/fork, hayfork, melisandin (bimelis?ne) vt make (sb/ sth) crouch down, xwe - crouch down, melis?n (bimelise) vi crouch down, melkeb/basket, melkemewt see melkemot. melkemot m angel of death, Azrael. melkis/ broom. - kirin vt sweep. - lê xisfin vt sweep. M~ekê li xal??ê j? xe.Sweep the carpet too. melle see melemel? / sheaf. - kirin vt tie in sheaves, arrange in sheaves, mel?l adj A sad, low-spirited, mel?n adj A curse, damned, melyaket see milyaket Mem m man’s name, contraction of Mohammed. M~ê Alan the mythological hero in M~ ? Z?n. M~ ? Z?n 1 name of a legend. 2 an adaptation of this legend by Ahmedê Xan?. memat A see mirin, memik m ami 1 breast. 2 udder, dug. 3 nipple, teat. 4 nipple, rubber mouthpiece shaped as a nipple. ~ dan vt feed from breast. ~ metin vi nurse, suck, meml? A see tij?. menam A see xew. menbe see kan. mencen?q /catapult.-mend stiff forming adj and n, eg: bawermend, hunermend. mendal see zaro. mendere n double-storeyed house, men feet/ A benefit, advantage, interest, menf? / exile, banishment. ~ bun vi be exiled to. ~ kirin vt exile, meng? adj ideal. ~wer n idealist, men? see zexm. menna see giklos. menzel see mezel.meqam m A 1 mus concept of mode. 2 position, post, office; place of work. met|er ? mil 1 headquarters. 2 base, meqes / A scissors. ~ kirin vt cut with scissors.meqesk see meqes. meqesok n martin, house martin, mer/spade. - kirin vt spade up. meraq / A curiosity; great interest. ~ kirin vt be curious about; be interested, mere m condition, state, mercefe / wooden spade to sweep roofs from snow.merd1 adj brave; trustworthy. ~ane adv bravely; honestly. ~?/bravery; honesty. merd2 see mirov. merdan m hammer.merez/A illness, sickness, ?nerez? adj A ill, sick. ~ kirin vt sicken, weary.merg/death, merg?sk see marg?sk.Merheba! Hello! mermer m ImI marble, merif see meriv.meriv n 1 man; human being; person. 2 a relative. ~ah? / humanity, mankind, -anti/kinship, relationship, mer? see meriv. mermal n,adj (a) relative, merof see meriv. meroje / asparagus, merov see meriv. merqed see gor. mersef/large, round tray. mersele/A 1 story, tale. 2 problem, matter, mer?/pileless carpet, kilim. ~ raxistin vt spread a mer?. mertal m shield (of a warrior), merv see meriv. mervah? see merivah?. mervan adj friendly. mervan?,mervant?/kinship, relationship, inerx/bot a variety of juniper, merze/ marjoram, bot Majorana majorana. merzel see mezel. mesa see êvar. mesai A see mesele 1. mesele/A 1 story, tale. 2 problem, matter, mesihandin (bimesihme) vt rub; wipe. Mes?h m Jesus Christ. ~? n,adj Christian, mes?n see mis?n. mesm? A see guhdari. mesref / A expenses, expenditures. ~ kirin vt spend (money), mesrur A see kêfxwe§. mest' / light, thin-soled boot (worn inside shoes).mest2 adj very delighted, enchanted, captivated. ~ b?n vt be enchanted, be in the seventh heaven.mestir comp adj bigger, greater, larger; older. me?/1 walk; gait. 2 march, demonstration, me?andin (bime??ne) vt 1 have (sb) walk. 2 cany out, perform, me?h?d A see xuya.me?in (bime?e) vi walk, me?k/churn (made of animal skin), me?necje / guillotine, me?van n marcher, demoastrator. met/father’s sister, aunt, metal see mertal. metaya see bejnbilind. metbex/kitchen. metel1 / puzzle; riddle. metel2 adj tongue-tied, metelok f proverb. metelmayi,metemayi adj tongue-tied. - bun vi be tongue-tied. ~ hi?tin vt dumbfound. ~ man vi be left dumbfounded (by), meter A see baran.metere m A (metal or plastic) canteen or flask.methelok see metelok-metik/father’s sister, aunt.metir/metre, -?argo?e/square metre.metirke/spade.metleb/intention, aim.metl?b see daxwaz.metre fFr metre, meter.mevij see mewij.mevsik/strainer.mewdani adj financial.mewe see pel.mewij/raisias.mewl?d ?A 1 the night of the birth of the prophet Mohammed. 2 a chanting of the Mewl?d.mewto see ?ewto mewto. mewuj see mewij. mew?j see mewij. mexafet A see tirs.mexel adj (an animal) lying prone. ~ b?n vi (an animal) lie. ~ hatin v (an animal) lie. ~ kirin vt make an animal lie flat, mexloq / A creature, living thing, mexloqat/ A creature, living thing. mexmer,mexm?r A m velvet, mexz P see meji. mey / wine; drink.meyandin (bimeyine) vt add yeast to. meyfro? n barkeeper, publican, meyger n cup-bearer, meyiw see mêw.meyizandin (bimeyiz?ne) vrlook at, watch, meyir see mehir.meyl/slope, incline; tendency, inclination. -dar adj slanting, sloping; inclined.kirin vt incline, be inclined, meym?n nA monkey; ape. meyt n corpse.meyter n groom, stableman, mey van see mêvan. ~? see mêvan?. meywe see mêwe.meyzandin (bimeyzine) vt look, watch, mezaq A see tam.mezel1 m grave; graveyard. ~geh/graveyard. m ezel2/room.mezeloq adj sticky, adhesive.mezeloqi adj sticky, adhesive.mezer see mezel.mezheb m A religious sect.tnezin1 adj 1 big, large, great. 2 old, elder.bun vi grow, grow up, become larger/ bigger. - kirin vt 1 bring up. 2 enlarge, make bigger. 3 exaggerate.mezin1 n 1 older person. 2 one’s senior. 3 chief, leader.mezinah?/1 greatness. 2 gravity, importance. 3 seniority. 4 size, mezinayi see mezinah?. mezinker n magnifier, mezint? see mezinah?. mezlem A see tar?. mezre1/small village. mezre2 see zev?. mê adj female; feminine.~t?/y?t?/ femaleness, female sex. mêbaz m woman chaser, mêhir?/she-bear. mêh?man, mêhman P see mêvan. mêhtin see mêtin. mêhvan see mêvan. ~? see mêvan?. mêj1 n antiquity; past time, ji - ve long since, for a long time past. mêj2 n making n and adj in connection with the verb mêtin, eg: ??rnmj. mêjandin (bimêj?ne) vt nurse, mêjiwe see mêj?1.mêj? m onat brain, cerebrum. ~yê pi?te m spinal cord, -kok m little brain, mêj?n (bimêje) vi 1 suck, absorb. 2 exploit. mêjok1 n exploiter.mêjok2 n,adj absorbent. mêj?‘/the past; history. ~y? adj historical, past. mêj?2 see mêj?. mêkut m mallet; beetle, mêl / slope, incline; tendency, inclination. -dar adj slanting, sloping; inclined, mêlak see mêlaq.mêlaq/onat lungs. -re??/pneumonia, mêlede / torch.mêr1 m 1 man. 2 husband. - kirin vt (a woman) marry. mêr2 adj courageous, brave, mêrane adj,adv manly, manfully, mêranl/courage, bravery, mêrg/meadow, green meadow, pasture, -ezar/park, meadow, mêrik m young man. mêrkir? adj married woman, mêrkuj n murderer, killer. ~?/ murder, mêrxas adj brave. ~?/bravery. bi ~? adv bravely.mê§/ fly. ~a hinguv/ bee. ~xur adj insectivorous, me?e / oak, bot Ouercus. mêtin (bimêje) vt 1 suck, absorb. 2 exploit mêtingeh / colony. ~kar n colonist. ~kar? / colonialism, mêtinkar n exploiter. ~? / exploitation, mêvan n guest, visitor, mêvanhez adj hospitable. ~?/ hospitality, hospitableness.mêvan?/ being a guest, visit, ??n ~yê vi go on a visit to. bi ~? ??n vi go on a visit, mêvanxane / guesthouse, mêw m vine-plant; melon-plant, mêwe m P fruit, mêwij see mew?j. mêxik/bo? carnation. mêxo? see mêxwe§. mexwe? adj bitter-sweet, mêz/ table.mêze/ look, looking. ~ kirin vt look, lê ~ kirin vt look at, watch, -van n spectator, onlooker, viewer. mêzer1/turban. mêzer2 see mêze.mêz?n / 1 scales. 2 balance. - kirin vt weigh; measure.mi see min.miadat A see dijminat?. miadil A see hevta. micid rgd serious, earnest, mi? adj straight, upright; tight, firm, guhê xwe - kirin vt prick up one’s ears, mi?iqandin (bimi?iq?ne) vt dry, drain, mi?iq? adj dry, dried, drained, mi?iq?n (bimi?iqe) vt get dry, dry, be/ get drained, midas n clothes, dress, midbir see fenok. mider(r)is see mamoste. midewwer see girover. midurn A director, head, chief, manager, miennes see mê.mift rgd gratis, free, -xur n sponger, hanger-on. mifte/1 key. 2 lock, mift?/officer who is in charge of Islamic affairs in a town or city, mih see m?h.mihend?s n A engineer. ~?/engineering; being an engineering, mihes n currycomb. - kirin vt curry, mih?t/plan. mihnet see minet, mihr see evin, mihrecan see mihrican. mihredar see ev?ndar. mihriban see mihr?ban. mihr?ban adj kind, affectionate, compassionate.mihrican/feast, festival, mihtac adj A in need, poor, needy. ~(? yek?/ti?tek?) b?n vi be in need of, need, require..mihvan see mêvan. mihvan? see mêvan?. mihvik see movik. mi?n1 see al?kar. mi?n2 see meh?n. mij m mist, haze, fog. mijad/subject, topic, mijank m amt eyelash, mijar/subject, topic.Mijdar /November, mijgan see mijank- mij? see mejf.mijmijok/bot bugloss. mij?l adj busy. ~ b?n vi be busy, pê ~ bun vi be busy with. - kirin vi take up (sb’s) time, engage (sb’s) attention, occupy. -geh / office. ~? / 1 activity; occupation; concern. 2 being busy; sth that keeps (sb) busy, mikedder see ?elf.mikur/confession, admission. - hatinvi confess, admit. ~?/confession, admission.mil m 1 anat shoulder, upper arm. 2 side.~ dan hev vt support one another, actwith solidarity, -dar?/support, solidarity.milayket/A angel.milik/camel’s hump.milk mA real estate/property.milmil?n (bimilmile) vi walk with aswaying movement.milyaket/A angel.milyar m Fr billion, billiard.milyon m Fr million.mimtaz see bijarte.mimted see dirêj.min pers/poss pron, poss adj I; my; mine;me. Min tu d?t. I saw you. a/ê/ên -mine. Te ji - re got. You told me.pirt?ka - my book.minaqe?e /A argument, dispute; heateddebate,minare f A minaret.minasib adj A suitable, appropriate.mindal n child.minet f A sense or feeling of indebtedness, gratitude.minewwer A adj 1 well lighted. 2 enlightened (person), intellectual, miné: - kirin vt wish (for), want, -kar adj desirous, willing, minmin?k/ butterfly; moth, minteha see daw?.miqate/minding, watching, lé - b?n v/mind, watch, look after, li xwe - b?n vimind (os), look after (os).miqat? see miqate.miqayet see miqate.miqor / chisel.miqs? n,adj Christian pilgrim.mir n fowl.mirad m A wish, desire.miram m A aim, goal, aspiration.Miran / September, mirandin (bimir?ne) vt kill, mirar adj (an animal) dead. - b?n vi die. - kirin vt kill, mirar? n pearl.miraz m aim, intention; wish, desire. mircan1 see sor. mircan2 n coral, zool Corallium.. mircaq m thin beam, joist.mirg nsmacking one’s lips (whenkissing), mirdal adj dead, mirdar adj dead, mirde see mir?, mirdiyaq see mircaq. mirêba n sharecropper who receives one half of the crop in return for his work, mirêk/ mirror, mirés /majesty. mirin1/ death.Mirin!2 int 1 wish you die! mirin3 (bimire) vi die. mir? adj dead.mir?d n A disciple in a dervish order, mir?sok/ foxglove, thimble flower, bat Digitalis pupurea. mir??k/hen, chicken. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image24.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image24.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET mirmir?n (bimirmire) vi mutter to (os), mumble to (os).mirov n man, human being, -ah? / humanity. -ant? / kinship, relationship, -hez/hiz adj.n humanistic; humanist, -hez?/hiz? / humanism, -in adj anthropoid, man like, -jimêr? / census, -kuj adj 1 murderer. 2 antipersonnel, -perver adj.n humanistic; humanist, -perwer?/ humanism, -xur n cannibal; man-eater, -xur?/cannibalism, -zan n anthropologist. -zan? / anthropology, mirsel see ?and?. mirtaz see raz?. mirtél see mitél.mirtib mirtib see mitrib.mirtil m worn-out piece of cloth, rag. miruz m face, ~fir? adj,n sullen, sulky; sullen-faced person; sullen face, mirx see teyr. misas/oxgoad.mis?n m long-spouted water pitcher, misilman n,adj (a) Muslim; Islamic. ~t? / being a Muslim; fslam misk A /musk.misoger adj certain; absolute; unrestricted, misqal/a weight for precious stones, mist /1 palm. 2 clenched fist or hand, cupped hand. ~ dan vt caress, stroke. ~ek contents of a cupped hand, mistear see emanet, mistecme see civ?ngeh. mistemend see re ben. misten?? see guhdar. mi ?ar m row of a garden, mi?e adj much, plentiful. mi?ext' n runaway, fugitive. ~ b?n vr escape, flee, run away. mi?ext2 n (an) exile. ~ b?n vi be exiled. - kirin vt exile.mi?e wir n counsel, consultation, mi?k/ mouse.mi?kane/mortgage. (zev?) bi ~ dan vt mortgage (a field to sb). mi?kule/A problem. Ne - ye. No problem. mi?laq n.adj parallel (hne, etc), mi ?mi?/ apricot, ???i?t adj full. ~ kirin vr fill up. mi?tax(e)/ raisins, mi?tel? n plant.ini?ten An 1 customer, client. 2 astrfJupiter.mi?tin see maltin.mi?tir? n A easterner, client.mi?war m moment, instance, while, time.mitehher see paqij.mitem?n see ewle.mitêl /mattress.mitik m small hill.mitil see mitêl.Mitrib1 n Gypsy. mitrib2 see sazbend. mittehid see yekb?y?. miwasa see alikari. miweqet adj temporary.mixab adj unhappy; unfortunate, -in unfortunately, mixmixk n zool mosquito. miz1 adj mildly sour. miz2 n fee.miz3 / ~(e)~ murmur, grumble, kirin ~(e)~ vr muimur, grumble, mizawir n,adj swindler; dishonest. ~\ f swindling, cheat. ~? kirin vr cheat, swindle, mizaxil adj deceitful, tricky. ~if trick. ~i kirin vt do (sth) deceitful, mizekker see nêr. mizeloq see mezeloq. mizeloqi see mezeloqi. mizewwir see mizawir. mizgeft / mosque.mizgin / good news. ~ dan vt give (sb) good news. ~i / present given to the person bringing good news, mizmiztn (bimizmize) vr hem and haw and make some feeble objections; make a fuss about trifles.mizmizok adj fussy about trifles. ~t? / fussing about trifles. ~t? kirin vr make a fuss about trifles, m? see millmibzer/drill (for sowing), m?dad / ink. m?ftah see mifte.mill / sheep.m?heng/adjustmcnt; standard (of time), mihr see roj.m?na adv like, as. ~ hev adj similar. ~k/ instance, example, bo ~k for example, for instance. ~ ku adv for example, for instance.m?n?bus /Fr minibus, m?n? see bihi?t m?qa n Fr mica, m?qras see meqes.miqrob /Gk germ; microbe. ~ girtin vrbecome contaminated with germs, m?qrofon / Gk microphone, m?qrosqob fGk microscope, m?r m prince, emir. ~ê ~an m hist governorgeneral.m?rane rgd magnificent, splendid, pertaining to a m?r.m?rai m inheritance, heritage. -xur n,adj (sb) who has inherited a fortune, m?rkut m mallet; beetle, m?rliwa n milit general, m?ro n ant.m?rza m mister; prince, m??kat see fanos.m?tan m a loosely-cut, collarless shirt, m?van see mêvan. ~? see mêvan?. mix m nail. - kirin vt nail. ~ kutan vi drive a nail. - lê xistin vt nail, m?z/ urine. - kirin vt urinate, -dank/ anal bladder, -k?qfanat ureter, m?ztin (bim?ze) vt urinate. moda/Zf fashion, vogue, style, niotirk see movik. mohr1 m, adj purple.mohr2/ seal, signet, signet ring. - kirin vt put under seal, stamp with a seal, mohtac adj A see motac. - bun see motac bun. mor see mohr12. mor? n ant. mor?k/bead. mo?ene / thresher.motac adj A in need, poor, needy. ~(? yek?/ti?tek?) bun vi be in need of, need, require.motik / nesting-box.mot? see dims.motor / Fr engine, motor.motorsiklêt/ Fr motor-cycle, movik/I anat joint, vertebra. 2 node. ~ên mazmazkê/lumber vertebra. ~ên pi?te/dorsal vertebra, -en st?/cervical vertebra. ~ên til?yan/phalanges, moxil/sieve. - kirin vt sieve, li -é xistin vt sieve.moz/bee; wasp; hornet, -a hungiv bee. -a sor hornet, -a qirtik,~qirtk wasp. Mr. com of m?rza. mister, müheyya see amade, muhta? see motac. - bun see motac b?n. müjde see mizg?n. mukir see mikur. mulazim ? A (milit) lieutenant, murx n bird.musteheq adj A worthy of, deserving of. mustet?b see paqij. musulman see misilman. muxabin see mixabin. muxirbeqnuxrib/ evening, the sunset hour, muxtar n mukhtar, elected head of a village or of a neighbourhood within a town or city. mum f Gk museum.muz?k/Gfc music, ~? adj musical, -van n musician.m? m (a) hair, bristle, -yen bin?eng n armpit hair. ~y? adj of hair or bristle, m?gink/tweezers, m?firk see movik. m?jank m eye-lash, mum/candle, m?r? n 1 ant. 2 bead, m?sip? adj white-haired, m?tik/myrtle, bot Myrtus communis, m?z f A banana, m?zer adj blond, blonde.n/the 17th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.na1 particle contrasted with erê/ here no. Na, nere. No, don’t go.na2 neg form in the present tense not. Ez naxwim. I don’t eat. na-3 prefforming neg ofadj namerd, etc.nab see zelal.Nabe! No! It’s not possible. It can’t be done, naher see navber.nabey?/impossibility, logic absurdity, na?ar see ne?ar. nafe/ musk, nag/ she-camel.nagah,nageh,nag?han P see ji ni?kave.naha see niha.nahid,nahêd,nah?d/aw Venus, nahs adj,n troublemaking, unruly, mischievous; mischief. ~?/ troublemaking, mischief. ~? kirin vt do a mischief, nahtor n guard, guardsman. -?/ guard, being a guard, guarding. ~? kirin vt guard, -nak suff forming adjectives xeternak, etc. nakoki / conflict, contradiction. nal1 m shoe (for animals hoof). - kirin vt shoe (a horse, etc). - lê xistin vt shoe (a horse, etc). nal2 see newal.nalandin (binai?ne) vt cause (sb) to groan, make (sth) resound, nalbend n horseshoer, farrier. ~? / horseshoeing, farriery; being a horseshoer.nalebar adj incompatible, inconvenient, nalenai / moan, groan, lamentation, kirin ~ vt moan, groan, lament, b?n -a yek?,~a yeki b?n vi moan, groan. nalel/A curse, imprecation. N~ li wi be! God damn him!contemptible. ~?/cowardliness; despicableness.namflke / brochure, opuscule, namus /Al honour, integrity. 2 (a woman’s) virtue, chastity, namwer adj famous. ~? / fame, being famous.namzed n candidate, applicant.~i / candidacy, nan m bread; meal. ~ dan /feed. ~ lê xistin vt bake bread. ~ê mêz?nê bakery bread. ~ê sêlê thin and round bread baked on a sheet of iron. ~ê ?iven m (European) mistletoe, bot Viscumalbu. ~ê ?keva a bread baked in very thin sheets, -ê ten?rê bread baked in an earthenware oven. ~ê tis? dry bread, n a n ???i k/mal low, bot Malva sylvestris, nanda adj,n generous; benefactor, patron, nane/A mint bot mentha piperita, nanik m honeycomb, b?n ~ vi be crushed, kirin ~ vt crush.nank?r adj ungrateful, unthankful, -if ungratefulness, ingratitude. ~? kirin vt act ungratefully, bi ~? adv ungratefully, nanozik/having hardly enough food, bi ~ê xebit?n vi work for a wage which is hardly enough for one’s food, nanpêj n baker, ~? /bakery. ~xane/bakery, napak adj bad. ~i/badness. naper?(?)k m nail, claw, paw. naqe/she-camel. naqos/large bell, gong. nar1 P see hinar. nar2 A see agir.narewan / beech, bot Fagus sylva-tica. nargêle fA water pipe, hookah, nargileh. narine / bitter-orange, narincok / hand-grenade, narin adj delicate, slight. nas1 n acquaintance. ~ên hev b?n vi know each other. ~ kirin vt recognize, know, be acquainted with, dan ~ kirin vt introduce (sb). xwe dan - kirin vt introduce (os).nas2 adj familiar, well-known. nasandin1 (binasine) vrintroduce (sb). nasandin2/ introduction, introducing.naser n expert, specialist, nas? / acquaintance, acquaintanceship. N~ya min bi w? re heye. I know him. nasihat see nesihet. nas?n (binase) w know, nas?yar adj familiar, (bi ti?tek? ve) ~ bun vi be familiar with sth. nasname /1 identity card. 2 letter of recommendation, reference, nasnav m term, nas?t see ma(d)de. nasyar n close friend, friend. ~?/friendship. na?? adj, n young, inexperienced, callow; young man, inexperienced man. ~t? / inexperience, natewa see qels. natirs see netirs. nator see nahfor. naumid see bêhêv?. nav1 m name; fame; gram noun. ~ dan vt become famous. - girtin vt become famous. ~ lê dan/kirin vt name, nickname. - pê ketin vi become famous. N~ê te bi xêr? What is your name? nav2/ middle; centre; inside, di - de prep between, among; inside, di - re prep through, li ~ prep among, in the middle of, in between, inside, di vê ~ê de meanwhile. Di ~ daran de gui hene. There are roses among the trees. Thames di - Lundone re diherike. Thames flows through London. Li - dara(n) bisekine. Waitamong the trees. nav3/waist. ~(a yek?) qetfyan vi be badly frightened. ~zirav adj slender, slim, navandin (binav?ne) vt name; sign, navand? adj signed, navber/distance (between two things), middle, space (between); relation (between people), di ~a ...de between, among, li -a between, navbeyn see navber. navbeynvan n mediator, go-between, middle-man. ~?/mediation. ~? kirin vt mediate.navbên itee navbeyn. -?Lree navbeynvan. navbir / 1 break. 2 partition, a wall dividing a room or a place; anything in between two things.nav?av m anal superciliary arch. nav?e1 adj (of) medium, -bejn adj (of) medium height -menz?l adj middle- range. -pel/medium wave. nav?e2/region, zone, nav?i?ik m anal bosom, navdar adj famous, well-known. -I / fame, reputation, navday? adj famous, navder / threshold, navdêr f gram noun, nave see nabe.navend/centre; middle, space (between things). -? adj central, naverast/ centre, naverok/ content, contents, navên see navbeyn. navg?n/means, vehicle. navik/1 navel; umbilical cord. 2 central part or point, centre, -a kezebê / anat falciform ligament of liver. nav?n1 / signature.nav?n2 adj central, middling. Rojhilata Nav?n the Middle East, navkirt adj (person or thing) being talked of or under consideration, navko / bungalow, navlêk/term, navlihev / homonym, navmal?/servant maid, navmemik m anal bosom, navnetewey? ad international, navn??an / address, navok see navik- navpi?t/cymr loin.navran / the space between the thighs, perineum.navrez /the space between the lines, navroj / midday, noon; lunch, navsal? see navsere. navsere adj middle-aged, navtêdan / encouragement incentive, nav tê dan vt encourage, stimulate, provoke.nav?deng m fame, reputation, bi - famous. bi - b?n vi be/become famous, navzirav adj slender, slim.Nawzistan /January, naxeyr see naxêr.naxêr! No! Not at all! naxir/herd. naxwe see nexwe. nay/a reed flute, nayar see neyar. nayari see neyar?.naz/coyncss, coquettishness, - kirin vt make a show of reluctance, pretend to be shy, behave coyly, nazdar adj coquettish, coy. ~?/coyness, coquettishness, nazedar see nazdar. nazende see nazdar. nazenin fadj coquettish or coy woman or girl; graceful.nazik adj 1 polite, courteous. 2 of delicate-build, delicate-looking. -Vtif politeness, courteousness, naz?n (binaze) vi behave conceitedly, make a show of reluctance, pretend to be shy, behave coyly., naznaz / stock, gillyflower, bot Matthiola.ne1 pref negating verbs in the imperative mood, past and future tenses -re! -xwe!; ~b?, ~??, -d?t, etc. ne2 pref negating adj and adv nexwe?, ned?t?, nemir, etc.ne3 adv not. Tu - ba? ?. You are not good. ne4 adv,conj -... -... neither... nor.... Ne tu ne ez karin vêya ?ekin. Neither you nor I can do this, ne axir adv unfortunately, neba? adj bad. ~?/bad condition; badness, nebest see mebest. nebihingam adj inappropriate, nebih?st?adj never seenbefore, unheard, nebinavkiri adj gram indefinite, nebiservehat? adj imperfect, neb?rbir adj (so) who lacks in understanding, unwise, nebfty) A see pêxember. nebi see t?r.neb?n / nonexistence, absence. neb?y?1 adj never happened, never seen before.neb?y?2 adj unripe.necar n cabinet-maker, carpenter.necaset see p?s?.neeirandin (binedr?ne) vr cut, chisel, carve, necirin (binecire) vt be cut, be chiseled or carved, ne?ak adj bad.ne?ar adj helpless; irreparable, incurable. -?/helplessness; poverty, ne?ê adj bad. - kirin vt do (sth) wrong, ne?ir see nê?ir. nedamet A see po?man?. ned?: j? - ve suddenly, unexpectedly, ned?b?d? exp nouveau riche, ned?tbar adj invisible, ned?t? udj,n 1 nouveau riche. 2 never seen before, unmatched, dinya - upstart, parvenu; without social polish, nefel / clover, trefoil, bot Trifolium, nefeqe see nifqe. neferma adj civil.nef? / exile, banishment. - bun vi be exiled (to). - kirin vt send (sb) into exile.nef?r / crowd.nefret/A hate, hatred, (jê) - kirin vt hate, nefs f A one’s bodily appetites, nefsek adj greedy, insatiable, nefsmezin adj arrogant, haughty, nefspi??k adj humble, modest. ~ri / modesty.nefstenik adj self-indulgent, nef? m 1 generation. 2 time, occasion, neft/petroleum.negerand? adj gram intransitive, lêkera - intransitive verb, neg?h??tin/unripeness, immaturity, negih??t? adj unripe, immature, negir?ng adj unimportant. ~? / unimportance.nego?? adj (sth) which hasn’t been made public.neguhêrbar adj unchangeable, invariable, constant.neh m,adj nine. ~an/em/em?n adj ninth, nehemhev adj unequal, neheq adj unjust, wrong. ~? / injustice, wrongfulness. -? (li yek?) kirin vt act unjustly, do an injustice to. nehêja adj worthless, unworthy. ~yi / unworthiness.nehên(?) fadj secret; mystery; hidden,conceal; secret, nehêsa adj difficult, not easy, nehi?tin' (nehêle) vt prevent, hinder, stop, ji yek? re ~ vt be revenged on sb, revenge os on sb.nehi?tin2 (nehêle) vt finish, leave nothing left.neh?n(?) see nehên. nehk m fishing line, nehper??k m nail, claw, paw. nehwirandin (binehwir?ne) vt whisper, whisper a song, nehwir?n (binehwire) vi whisper, nejd? see talanker. nejê adj strange, curious, odd. nek adv com of ne ku/ko otherwise, if not; not that, nekêrhat? adj useless, nelê adj inappropriate, unsuitable; unfitting.nelirê adj inappropriate, discreditable; wrong. ~(i/mistake, blunder, nema adv any more, ever again. Ez - di?im wir. I shall not go there any more, adj finished, used up. neman1 f 1 being used up/finished. 2 disappearance.neman2 ( nemine) vi be used up, be finished, nemaze adv especially, particularly, nemek see xwê.nemerd see namerd. ~? see namerdi, nemêr adj impotent. ~i/impotence, nemir adj immortal, never forgotten, -i /immortality.nemirov adj inhumane. ~i/inhumanity. nenas adj unknown, unidentified, unfamiliar, strange.nenêrbaran adj gram abstract, nen?k/anat nail. ~ên nig/ling/pê toenails. ~ên dest fingernails. ~ birin vt cut nails. - jê kirin vt cut nails, nen?kbir/nail-scissors, nepak adj unclean, neparvedar rgd indivisible, nepax /bellows, nependi adj hidden, unseen, nepeni/mystery, secret, nepêw?st adj unnecessary, -i/ lack of need, being unnecessary.nepixandin (binepixine) vt 1 blow up, inflate. 2 exaggerate, xwe - see nepixin 3. nepixi adj swollen, puffed up, fully inflated, nepixin (binepixe) vt 1 swell, get swollen. 2 be exaggerated. 3 get puffed with self-importance, act like one is the cock of the walk.neqa?lb?n /refusal, rejection, neqandin (bineqine) vt choose, sort, select, neqandi adj chosen, selected, neqeb /1 hedge, fence. 2 unevenness, roughness. 3 obstacle, handicap, neqiy see paqij. neqqa? see nex?ker. neq?/embroidery, needle work. ~ (lê) ?êkirin vt embroider. neq?andin (bineq??ne) vt embroider, xwe ~ vt deck (os) out, doll (os) up. nerast adj inaccurate, untrue. ~i/inaccurateness, untruth, nerasterê adj indirect bi ~yi adv indirectly.neraz?b?n/disapproval. raz? neb?n vtdisapprove.nerdeban / stairs, ladder, nerdewan see nerdeban. nerdiwan see nerdeban. nerehet rgd uneasy; disquieting. ~i / uneasiness, disquiet, disquitude. nerêras? adj indirect, nerind adj bad.nerm adj soft, gentle, mild; tolerant. ~ b?n vi become soft, become tender. ~ kirin v/ soften, tenderize, nermandin (binerm?ne) vt soften,tenderize, nermay?/softness, gentleness, nerme m corpse, body, nermijandin (binermij?ne) vt soften (sth which is already hard), nermij?n (binermije) vi (sth hard) become soft.nermik1 adj very soft or mild. nermik2/~a dest ball of the thumb, -a ezmanê dev soft palate, velum. ~a guh lobe of the ear.nerm? /1 softness, gentleness. 2 kindness; tolerance.neruhber adj lifeless, spiritless. nerx/1 tax, official price. 2 value.nesax adj ill, sick, - bun vi be/get ill. ~ kelin vi get ill. nesax?/illness, sickness, nesaxxane / hospital, nes?het /A advise, nesr f A prose, ne?at see kefxwe??. ne?ter n P lancet, netebit? adj uneasy, impatient, netewe m nation, people. ~y? adj national. -pare/ n nationalist, -parêz? / nationalism, -perest n, adj chauvinist, chauvinistic. ~pe resti/ chauvinism.-perwer n nationalist, -perweri/nationalism, nete adj invalid, null, netik n pavement, side-walk, netirs adj fearless, bold courageous, brave. -? / courage, bravery, boldness, fearlessness.nevexwend? adj uninvited, mêvanê - uninvited guest, unexpected visitor, nev? n grand-child, -?irk n great grandchild.nevs see nefs, nevt see neft, new see n?.newal/valley. -ok/dale, vale, newbawe see n?bar. newekhev adj unequal, different. ~? / inequality, difference, newenger n deputy, Member of Parliament, newêrek adj,n cowardly, timorous ; coward. ~t?/cowardice, timidity. newq‘/ona/ waist.newq2 adv ~ b?n vi sink, be plunged dive. - kirin vt plunge, dip.Newroz / Kurdish New Year. Cejna Newrozê Newroz Festival, nex m thread.nexasim adv especially, particularly, nexl see xurme.nexo? see nexwe?. - b?n/ketin see nexwe? b?n/ketin. nexo?? see nexwe??. nex? n embroidery, needle work, -ker n embroiderer.nex?andin (binex??ne) vt embroider, decorate.nex?e/map. -epirt?k/atlas.nex??n adj decorated, adorned, next n A trousseau.nexwe adv indeed essentially; so, thus, in this case.nexwende rgd uneducated nexwe?‘ adj 1 ill, sick. 2 unpleasant. - b?n/ketin vi be/become/get ill. nexwe?2 n patient. ~ nêr?ngeh doctor’s office, surgery.nexwe??/l illness, sickness. 2 unpleasantness, unpleasant thing or behaviour, -ya dil heart-disease, -zan n pathologist. -zan?/ pathology. nexwe?ner n nurse, nurse’s aid. nex we?ok? adj having bad health, sickly, ailing.nexwe?xane / hospital, ney/a reed flute.neyar n enemy. ~t? / enmity. ~tf(ya yek?) kirin vt treat (sb) as an enemy, neyar? see neyart?. - kirin see neyart? kirin.ney?n / nonexistence, absence, ney?nandin (biney?ne) vt negate, ney?n? adj,f negative; negation, neynik/mirror.neynok see nen?k. ~ên b?kê n artichoke, neyn?k see nen?k. nezan adj ignorant, uneducated inexperienced. ~?/ ignorance, inexperience, nezd P1 presence (the place near sb). 2 according to, in the opinion of. nezelal adj unclear, nezewic? adj unmarried, nezm /A verse (as opposed to prose), nê?ir / hunt, hunting. - kirin vt hunt, ??n ~ê vi go hunting, nê?ir? see nêgirvan?. nê?irvan n hunter, huntsman. ~?/hunting, nê??r see nê?ir. nêhrek/view, scene, scenery, nêk/point, tip (of a pen, etc), nêm / matter, pus. ~ girfin vi suppurate. ~kuj fadj antiseptic.<'Jnêr1 adj male, gram masculine. ^ (’ nêr-2 pref he, male, nêrehir?, O) nereker, etc.?nêrbaran adj gram concrete (as opposed to abstract).nêrdewan/stairs, ladder, nêregeh / observatory, watch-tower, any place for observation, nêrehirg m he-bear. nêremê adj.n bisexual. ~t?/bisexuality, nêrevan n observer, scout. ~?/ observation, observing, scouting, nêrgiz/narcissus; jonquil; daffodil, bot Narcissus.nêr? m he-goat, billy-goat, nêr?n'/look; opinion, idea, bi -a min in my opinion.nêr?n2 (binêre) vi (lê) ~ look at; watch, observe.nêr?z/kind of dagger.nêrmo adj.n intention, intent, purpose. ~ kirinvi intend, aim. ~(a yek?) he-b?n vtintend, aim. bi ~ b?n vi intend, aim.nêv see n?v.nêvan see mêvan. ~? see mêvan?. nêv? m, adj (a) half; half full, half-completed. ~ kirin v/ cut into halves; complete half of. ~ ~adv in half, equally, fifty-fifty.nêz1 / famine, hunger, ji ~a ketin vi starve, die of hunger, ji ~a mirin vi starve, die of hunger. nêz2 adj near, close, not far. ~? ku?ê near the street.nêz?k adj near, close, not far. -? xwendegehê near the school. ~ b?n vi approach, come closer. ~? hev b?n vi come close to one another. ~ kirin vt draw (one thing) near (another), nêz?kah?/nearness, closeness, nêz?kay? see nêz?kah?. nêz?k? adv 1 approximate, approximately. 2 see nêz?kah?. 3 see nêz?k- nêz?ng see nêz?k-ni1 pref negating the verbs kan?n and zan?n. nikanim, nizanim. ni2 suff making neg. adj and n, eg: niheq. ni? neg reply no. ni?ik m 1 notch. 2 jag. nifir/malediction, curse. ~ (lê) kirin vt curse, nifqe m living, livelihood, the money or food upon which sb lives, nif? m t generation. 2 time, occasion.nift see neft, nifte see mifte.niftik / box of matches, match-box. darikê ~ê match. nif?s/A population, nig m 1 anat foot 2 trigger (of a gun), niga?/discussion, argument. ~ kirin vt discuss, argue, nih see nuh.niha adv now, at the moment.nihan see nehên.nihe see niha.niheq see neheq.niheq? ^eeneheq?.nihên see nehên.nihêrdar n watchman; observer.nihêrgeh/ observatory.nihêr?n (binihêre) vt look.nihêrtin (binihêre)vt lcxik.nih?n see nehên.niho see niha.nihu see niha.nijad mrace. ~kuj?/genocide. -perest n racist, -perest?/racism, nijde / band (of rebels or brigands), -van n brigand, robber, nik/the place near or next to sb/sth. adv beside, next to, near, with, li - beside, next to, near, with. li - w? near him. nika see niha.nikb?n adj,n optimistic; optimist.nikil see nikul.niktebêj n wit, witty person.niktezan n wit, witty person.nikul mbeak. - dan/kirin/lê xistin v/peck.nima / symbol.nimandin (binim?ne) vt 1 show, demonstrate. 2 represent, symbolise. 3 mean, nimêj see limêj. - kirin see limêj kirin, nim?nende ?representative. ~t?/ representation; agency, nimre see hejmar. nim?ne/sample; example, nimz see nizm. nip?n? adj brand-new. nip?n? adj brand-new. niqte / point, dot; full stop, -bang / exclamation mark, -bihnok/ semicolon. -cot / colon, -pirs/question mark.niqutandin (biniqut?ne) vt put drops (in), let drip.niqut?n (hiniqute) vi drip. ~ dil(ê yek?)vi have a presentiment, nine see nene.ni?adir m sal ammoniac, ammonium chloride.ni§êv n downward slope, declivity, ni?f see nif?.ni?k/moment, instant, ji ~a de/ve adv suddenly, unexpectedly, ji -ekê ve adv suddenly, unexpectedly, ni?kegav adj sudden. ~\f sudeien, suddennes. bi ~? adv sudeienly, unexpectedly, ni?timanmthe mother country, -perwer rurgd nationalist; patriotic, -perwer?/ nationalism; patriotism, ni??v adj.f downward (slope), bi ~? adv down, downwards, nivistin (binive) vi sleep, nivi?t'/ written charm, amulet. nivi?t2/copy.nivtn1 m bed. ~ dan?n vt make up a bed. ~ bilan in vt take the spread bed into the recess, ketin nav -an vi go to bed. ji nav -an derketin vi get up. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image28.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image28.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET niv?n (binive) vi sleep, niv?nandin (biniv?ne) vt put (sb) to bed, put (sb) to sleep, niv?np??/bed-spread, niv?s / piece of writing, written work, writing.niv?sandin1 (biniv?s?ne) vt write.niv?sandin2/writing.niv?sar / piece of writing; text.niv?ser n,adj literate.niv?sevan n writer.niv?sgeh / office.niv?s?n (biniv?se) vt write.niv?skar n writer. -?/being a writer.niv?sk? adj written (as opposed to spoken), in writing.niv?sxane/typing pool, writing section, niv?syar n secretary, scribe, niwandin (biniwêne) vt represent, niwaxtin vt caress, stroke, fondle, niwêner n representative, nixamtin see nixumandin. niximandin see nixumandin. nixim?n see nixum?n. nixumandin (binixum?ne) vt cover, nixum? adj covered, nixum?n (binixume) vi be covered, nix?n adj, adv upside down, nizar adj.n where the light of day never comes, sunless (place), obscure or secret place; side of a mountain, nizik see nêz?k.nizm adj low. - b?n vi decline, go down; descend. - kirin vt lower, bring down, nizmah?/lowness, nizmay? see nizmah?. n?gar m picture, n?had see bilind. n?hal see ?ax.n?han.n?handin' (binê/tênê) vt fuck.n?handin2/fucking, screw.n?jad see nijad.n?kes?ret see x?xwe?.n?kul see nikul.n?lufer Pf water-lily.n?m see n?v.n?n / zero.n?ne neg form have/has not; are/is not. n?n?k see nen?k. n?r /1 yoke. 2 oppression, n?rhevcar m a primitive plough, n?ro m noon, midday, beri - morning, pi?t? - afternoon.N?san / April.n?sanok/anemone, wind flower, n?sf see n?v.n?sk m lentil, bot Leas culinaris. n??an/1 sign, mark. 2 aiming at. - dan vt point out, show. - girtin vt aim at (a target). - kirin vt 1 draw, mark. 2 aim at (a target), li -é xistin vt hit the target. n??andar1 / indicator, demoastrator, exhibitor.n??andar2 n adj sharpshooter, good marksman.n??andek / punctuation mark. ~a axaftinê dash. ~a dunikan inverted commas, quotation marks. ~a pirsê question mark. n??angeh1 /target. n??angeh2/back-sight of firearm, n??an?/engagement, engagement ceremony, n?v half.n?van? adv in half, equally, fifty-fifty, n?vc? see n?v?e. n?v?ap/ma; radius.n?v?e1 adj incomplete, half-finished. - hi?t i n vt leave half finished. ~ man vi be left half done, be left incomplete. n?v?e2 see nav?e1. n?v?êkir? adj half done, n?vek/ centre.n?vekar n sharecropper (receiving one half of the crop in return for his work). ~? / sharecropping, n?vek?r adj rude; uncouth, boorish, n?veko?er adj.n seminomadic; seminomad, n?vero see n?ro. n?veroj see n?ro. n?ve?k?l / radius, n?vê §evê n midnight, n?vgirav / peninsula, n?vgir? adj ready tocry, whimpering (voice). n?vi?k1 adj semi-solid. n?vi?k2 m (r?nê) ~ butter, n?v? see nêv?. n?vkad n hemisphere, n?vmeh? adv fortnightly, kovara ~ bimonthly, fortnightly, n?vro see n?ro. n?vroj see n?ro. n?vseet/half an hour, n?vtaz? adj half-naked, n?vxewir? adj half faint, n?ye see n?ne. n?zam f A system, n?ze m bayonet, n?zing see nêz?k. n?z?k see nêz?k. n?zk see n?sk. no1 see na.no2 adj 1 (pepper) biting, hot. 2 (person)hard, harsh.nobedar n sentry; watchman, nobet/A watch (of a sentry), -dar n sentry; watchman.nod m,adj ninety, -an/em/em?n adj ninetieth.nogin / three-year-old cow.nok/chickpea, bot Cicer arientinun.noker m man servant.nol/like. ~a adj like, similar to.noq’/dive, plunge.noq2/ anal waist.noqandin (binoq?ne) vt plunge into, xwe - dive, plunge, noqar see nogav. noqav / submarine, noq?n (binoqe) vi dive, plunge. no?1 / health. N~ be,-? can be! Good appetite! I hope you enjoy(ed) it. No?!2 int Cheers! no??can? / health, no??n1 / drink, no??n (bino?e) vt drink, note/It note (music), notir adj Fr neutral, notirvan n sentry, warden, watchman, notla see nola. notr adj Fr neutral, nozde see nozdeh.nozdeh m,adj nineteen. ~an/em/em?n rgd nineteenth, nu see nuh. nuga see nuha.nuh adj new. - b?n vi be new, acquire a newness or freshness. ~ kirin vt replace (sth) with (sth), renew, restore, xwe - kirin wrenew (os), ji ~de/\eadv again, nuha adv now. -y?n adj of the present time, of today, nuhb?n / newness, nuhtin vt hit (the mark), nukil see nikul. nuqit?n1 (binuqite) vi drip. nuqit?n2 /dripping, drop, nuqte see niqte. nuwan? see tevger. nuxamtin see nixumandin. nuxumandin see nixumandin. nuxum?n see nixum?n. nuxur? see n?xur?.n? adj new, ~ b un vi be new, acquire a newness or freshness. ~ kirin vt replace (sth) with (sth), renew, restore, ji ~ da/ de/va/ve again. n?bade,n?bare see n?ber. n?bar1 m see n?ber. n?bar2 m kind of bow which shoots more than one arrow at one shot, n?ber m new crop, yield or fruit; early fruit or vegetable, n?h?k n young bride, n??e/news.n??ebêj n (radio/TV) announcer, n??eg?han n correspondent, reporter. -if being a reporter or correspondent, n??ename / newsletter, n??evan n correspondent, reporter, n?jen adj modern. ~ kirin vt modernize, n?jen? / modernity, n?jenkir? adj modernized, n?jenparêz n modernist. ~? / modernism, n?k see nikul.miner n representative; candidate, nominee, n?randin (bin?r?ne) vt fold up. n?roj see Newroz.n?sandin1 (bin?s?ne) vt glue, adhere, stick (one thing) onto/to (another). n?sandin2 (bin?s?ne) vt write. n?ser1 fadj original; unique. n?ser2 n writer, n?sikandin see n?sandin. n?sik?n (bin?sike) vi stick (to), adhere (to), cling (to).n?s?n (bin?se) vi stick (to), adhere (to), cling (to).n?? / drink, drinking, n???n see ?er?n n?xur? n first child, n?za adj new-born, nv?n see niv?n.nyar n 1 stage (of theatre, etc.). 2 role, part (in a play), nyarvan n actor, actress.o/the 18th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.ode / room, oda mêvananguestroom, oda razanê bedroom. oda r?ni?tine living-room.-ok suffforming nouns gerok, ?ermok, etc. ol / religion. ~dar adj religious, pious, -dart/ religiousness, piety. -? adj religious, pertaining to religion, -perest adj,n religious, pious; religious or pious person, -perest?/religiousness. ~zan n theologian. ~zan?/theology, olan /echo, repercussion. ~ dan vt echo, resound with echoes, ?l?ek/7> a unit of dry measure (roughly equalling one forth of bushel), omet/A religious community, one / anat hip.139once/clover, trefoil, bot Trifolium, onceh see once, on?/beam, rod. oqyan?s n Gk ocean, oran m stalk, ordek/duck. orin (biore) vi roar, orxan /quilt. osta,oste see hosta. otêl n Fr hotel, otoboz /Fr bus. otomatik adj automatic, otomobil / Fr car, automobile, oxir/good luck, fortunate going (polite term used when seeing sb off)- 0~ be! (O-a te ya xêrê be!) Have a good trip!. ~xwe?? / farewell. ~xwe?? xwestin vt say good-bye.p the 19th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, pace/ window. pa?1mcloth,rag.-kiringuhênxwe vt pretend not to hear, ignore. ~ lê gerandin vt wrap up with cloth, pa g see mag. pa?ik??e pa?1. pa?van n interpreter, pa?ve/ interpreting, interpretation. ~zan? / interpreting, interpretation, padi?ah m P king, padishah. ~t/being a padishah, the title of a padishah. pag/ruins.pageh/stable (for horses), pageh/stop (bus, etc), pah n adj flat and wide, flat, broad. ~ k? rin vt flatten, flatten (sth) out. pahn?'/flatness, width. pahn?2/heel (of a shoe, foot, etc), pa?z/autumn. ~? adv in autumn, paj /section, department, pak ad] pure, clean; beautiful. ~ b?n vi be cleaned, be purified; become clean, become pure; become beautiful. ~ kirin vt clean, purify; beautify, -daw adj chaste, virtuous. ~dil adj good-hearted, kind. ~H t?/cleanlincss, pureness, purity; beauty, pakêt / Fr pack, packet. ~a cixa-ra(n) cigarette-packet, pakij see paqij. pak?zevce paqij. pakrewan n martyr, pal/side; leaning, resting (against sth). - dan vt lie down; lean agaiast (sth). -a x we dan (ti?tek?) vt lean against (sth), prop (os) against (sth). ~ vedan vt lie down; lean against (sth), palandin vt filter, reline, palapal adj strong, sound, secure. paldank/back(of achair, etc); armchair, pale n day labourer, agricultural labourer, harvester, -van n agricultural labourer, farm labourer, harvester, -t?/y?/reaping, harvesting. ~y?/t? kirin vrreap, harvest, palepal see palapal. palgiseebalgeh.palik m onat ~(a ?av) eyelid. ~a jêr?n lower eyelid. - jor?n upper eyehd.palkurs?/armchair, paltom Fr coat.pal?te/forced labour, harvesting together for the community or a needy person, pamalsee peri?an. pan1 (bipê) vt expect, wait. pan2 adj flat and wide, flat, broad, panav see pehnav. paner ?keeper, watchman, pangnot see baxnoi. pan?'/am?/heel. ~ka dev/omithard palate. pan?2/flatness; width, panpanok ? lesbian, pan tor m trousers, panzde seepanzdeh. panzdehm,?4 fifteen ~anJemJem?nn,adj fifteenth.papax/fur cap, calpac. papaz ? priest. pap?k/(baby’s) shoes, papol/road.papor1/kerosene cookstove. papor2/road. pap?r/road. paq/urtutcalf.paqij adj clean. ~ b?n vi be cleaned. ~ kirin vt clean. -?/clcanliness, cleaning. ~ker n cleaning person, cleaner, -ok / cleaner (implement). paqi§jee paqij. paqle.v?' peqle. par1 adv last year.par2/ back; past, ji - re from behind, par'/share, -kirin vt share, divide, xwed?- share holder. par2/piece, part, chapter, parastin (biparêze) vt defend, protect, save, parastin/defence, security, parastvan n protector, defender, guard, parawlin (biparêwe) vf filter, par?e see perge.pardar n share-holder, partner. ~?/partnership.pare see piece. - - adv in pieces. parêz1 n melon field. parêz2/l diet, fast. - girtin vt diet, fast. 2 protection.-parêz3 suff-ist. welatparêz, etc. parêz4 see par?z.parêzern lawyer, parêzgeh/shelter, place of refuge, parêzgêr see parêzvan. parêzkar n defender, guard, parêzvan ? protector, defender; guard, pargon/small trench (dug around the tent as a protection against rain), parg?n see pargon.par? m morsel, bite (of food). - - adv in small portions, alittle at atime. -k?ndvfor a while, pariz / park, parkit/suffix.pars/ begging, - kirin v/ beg. ~ek? beggar. ~ekt? / begging. -ekt? kirin vtbeg. pars? see pars?. pars?wsee pars?.pars? m anat rib cage, rib. -qalind adj conceited, arrogant, -qalindi/ conceit, arrogance. -st?r adj conceited, arrogant -st?r?/conceit, arrogance, par??v see pa???v. partif Fr pol party.parve/division (sign). - b?n vi be divided, be shared. ~ kirin vt divide, share, -dar adj divisible. ~k /divisor. ~kar n separatist. -kir? adj divided, shared. -sed /percent.parxêl/1 oxcart. 2 transportation sledge, timber sledge, dray.parz/oleaster, wild olive, hot Elaegnusangustifolia.parza/vaccine. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image30.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image30.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ?parz?n/linen filter. ~ kirin vt filter, parz?nandin (biparz?n?ne) vi filter. pasaport/Er passport. pasban,pas?ban,pasvan n watchman, guard. ~?/watch, guard, pa?/ back, rear, the space behind li ~prep at the back, behind, pa?ber n rearguard.pa?de adv back, backwards. - ??n vi goback. ~ hatin vi come back, (bi) ~ ketinvi fall behind, -man viremainbehind; lag.~ xistin vt leave behind, pass; postpone.pa?e m pasha.pa ?en g m rnilit rear forces.pa?eroj/future.pa?e adv later, then, afterwards.pa?go n backbiter.pa?gotin/the last word the final decision, pa?gotin?/gossip, backbiting, -(yayek?) kirin vi gossip about. pa?ilfeepaxil.pa??1/! tack, rear, the space behind. 2end. li -ye at the back, li -ya yek?/ti?tek? at the back of, behind sb/sth. pa??2 adv after, pa??n adj last, following, pa?kok/origin, original, pa?meljk ? bat, zool Chiroptor. pa?n?vro / afternoon, pa?pa?k? adv backwards. - me?in vi walk or move backwards. pa?pirtik/suffix. pa???v /supper, pa?ve see pa?de. patat fit potato, patik/back of the head, patin (bipêje) v/cook; bake, patos/thresher, threshing machine, patrome/graft, scion, - kirin vi graft, pavlik/factory.pawandin (bipaw?ne) vt save, defend.pawan kirin vi save, defend.paxil/bosom.paxwan see pars?.payan / end.paye/rank, degree, grade, payé xwe dan vipraiseos, boast payêyek?danvipraise. -bilind adj worthy of esteem, estimable; of high rank, -bilindi / estimableness; high rank, being of high rank, pay?n (bipê) vi expect (sb/sth), wait for (sb/sth).pay?z/autumn, fall._~? of autumn, in thepaytext m capital (city), pazbend seepaz?bend. pazde wpazdehpazdeh m,adj fifteen. ~an/em/emin n,adj fifteenth.pazne/half-moon. paz? m anat upper arm. paz?bend m 1 armband, armieL 2 amulet worn round the arm. pe?(i)k m spatter, splash, drop, pelikand?n (bipe?ik?ne) vrsplash, spatter (sth).pe?ik?n (bipe?ike) vi splash, spatter, splatter, pe?iqandin (bipe?iq?ne) vi crush, pe?iq? adj crushed, pe?iq?n (bipe?iqe) vi be crushed, ped?d adj clear, evident, pehinseepahn.peh?n / kick. ~ avêtin/kirin vt kick. ~ xwarin vrbe kicked, peh?z see pa?z. pehlewan see pêlewan. pehn s ee pah n.pehnav /a plain between a high plateau and mountain, pehnay?/reality. pehnay? see pahn?'. pehn?/reality. pehn? see pahn?12. pehtin.vee pafin. pehr see par.pejik m twig, sprig, brushwood, pejnandin (bipejn?ne) vtprune, trim, pejirandin (b?pej?r?ne) vt accept, admit, agree to. pejmirde adj withered. pejn/1 echo, sound. 2 feeling, pejnandin (bipejn?ne) vt feel, pekandin (bipek?ne) vt splash, splatter (sth).pek?n (bipeke) vi splash, spatter, fly exit in drops or particles.pel m 1 leaf. 2 sheet of paper 3 dish ^A|"\ made of grape leaves stuffed with meat and rice. ~ê cixaran cigarette paper.pelandin (bipel?ne) vr feel, examine or inspect with fingers, pela p??? adj empty inside, weak, pel?iqandin see pe?iqandin pel?iq?n see pe?iq?n. peldank/wallet; booklet, pele m country.pelg/aspen.pelidandin (bipelid?ne) vr examine, pelixandin (bipelix?ne)vr crush, pelix? adj crushed, pelix?n (bipelixe) vibe crashed, pembe m,adj pink. pembo,pemb? m cotton, pen see pahn.pena/refuge, asylum, cover, shelter, hiding, -dan vi give shelter, -bern refugee, penah 1 see pena. 2 see pi?tgir. penahende n refugee, pencerok m nail, claw, paw. peneik see pencerok. pend /1 caution, admonish. ~ (li yek?) kirin vr caution, admonish. 2 advice, penêrm cheese.pengav / banked up water; bog, marsh. ~? adj boggy, marshy, pengizandin (bipengiz?ne) vt bounce, splash, spatter.pengiz?n (bipengize) vi bounce, splash, spatter.pen?see pahn?.pen?r m cheese.pepel?k see pêpel?k..pepik m (baby’s) hand, foot.pep?k1 n cuckoo, zool Cuculus canoras.pep?k2 adj pitiful, helpless.pep?le/butterfly.peq/bhster; bubble.peqandin (bipeq?ne) vt blowup.peqilk/blister; bubble.peq?n (bipeqe) vibe blown up, explode.peqlawe see beqlawe.peqle m broad bean, horsebean.peqpeqok/blister, bubble.per1 m feather.per2 edge, side,perans? seepars?.pera??t/Fr parachute, -van n parachutist, perav/shore; coast; bank; seaside, seashore, per?e m part, piece. - b?n vi be broken/ smashed, turn or pulled into pieces. ~ kirin vt break, smash, turn or pull (sth) into pieces.per?em n forelock, fringe (hair), per?iqandin (biper?iq?ne) vr crush, crumble, per?iq? adj crushed, crumbled, per?iq?n (biper?iqe) vibe crushed.per?i vandin (biper?iv?ne) v/split, cleave, pergivi adj cleft, split, per?iv?n (bipergive) vi split, split open, per??n/rivet.perde/1 curtain. 2 movie screen, -yagav o/w/cornea. ~ya navbirêano/diaphragm. pere m P money. ~ nekirin vi be worth nothing; have no effect, be in vain, perê h?r small change, pereng n ember.-perest suff- ist. nijad perest, olperest, etc. perestin (biperêze) vt 1 worship. 2adore, idolize (sb/sth). peresto? idol.pergall/order. bi ~ in order, orderly.pergal2 m means, tool.pergar /pair of compasses.perik m feather.perincok see pencerok.peristin see perestin.peritandin1 (biperit?ne) vt 1 pluck(birds). 2 pull out, tear out.peritandin2 (biperit?ne) vt burn.perki' adj plucked.peril!2 adj burnt.perilin1 (biperke) vi 1 be plucked. 2 become worn-out.perkin2 (biperite) vi burn, be burnt, peri'/fairy. ~za/zad/daughtcr of a fairy. peri2/present, gift.peri?an adj P very upset, wretched, miserable. ~i/wretchedness, poverty, misery, perperok/moth (attracted to a light), perpitin (biperpke) vi flutter; be all in a flutter, move convulsively, pers?v/cold, common cold, pertavsoj/magnifying glass, pertew/ray. perwa/fear, perwane see perperok- perwaz1 m wing. perwaz2/flying, flight, perwerdekirin / teaching, instructing, instruction; putting (sth) in order, perwerde kirin vt teach, instruct; put (sth) in order.Per win.see Peru pesreepa?. pesar m hill.pesin mpraise. -dan vfpraise. -é xwe dan vt praise (os), boast, brag, pesinandin (bipesinine)v/ praise, pesindar n,adj flatterer; laudatory, pe?inin (bipesine) vi praise (os), boast, pesn see pesin. pesnayi ?//boastful, pesnedarree pesindar. pe?k/sprinkle (of rain), scattered drops. ~ barin vi (rain) sprinkle down, pe?kandin (bipe?k?ne) vt (rain) sprinkle down; sprinkle.pe???? adj weak (though appearing strong), empty inside, petêx m melon, petiyayi adj decayed, rotten, pet?x m melon.pev adv cont of bi hev together, pev??n/quarrel, row. pev ??n vi quarrel, pevdeng n ling diphthong. pe\tkfgram sentence, pevgirêdan/relation, connection, pevgirêk gram conjunction, pevguherin /interchange, pev guherin vt interchange, exchange, pevguhêrbar adj interchangeable, pevre adv cont of bi hev re together, pevxisti adj compound. pex?an/prose. pey see pê1.peya1 n 1 man. 2 chess pawn. peya2 adj on foot, -??n/hatin vigo/come on foot, jê - b?n vi get off (bus, etc), get out of (a car), dismount (a horse), (jê) - kirin v/ let (sb) get off/out (bus, car, etc), make (sb) dismount (sth). peyade mmilit infantry; infantryman, foot soldier.peyal,peyale see piyan.peyam/message, news. peyamber,peyember n 1 messenger. 2 prophet.peyandin (bipeyine) vt attempt, peyar adj,adv on foot, peyarê / footwalk, pedestrian crossing/ path, pavement.peyati/ being on foot, walking, bi - adv on foot, bi - ??n vi go on foot, peyaz reepivaz.peyda,peyde adj available. ~ b?n vi be available, be found, appear. ~ kirin vt find, obtain, discover, pey hev see pê hev. peyapey see pê hev. peyiftin see peyiv?n. peyitandin (bipeyit?ne) vt prove, peyivveepeyv.peyivandin (bipeyi vine) vrget/allow (sb) to speak, make (sb) speak, peyiv?n (bipeyive) vi speak, talk, peyin see peyn. peyk/1 satellite. 2 messenger, peykan m arrow, arrowhead, peyker see heykel. peyman/agreement, treaty, pact, peyn m manure, dung, fertilizer, peyorek/production, peyv/speech; word(s). -kirin vt say, tell sth. ~ neketin sere yekiv; be thick-headed; not to be able to understand, peyvgeri/gossip. peyvik/word. peyvok/word.peywend <uij connected, related. ~i/con- ncction, tie, relation, peywir/duty.pez m sheep or goat; flock (of sheep and goats. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image31.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image31.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET pezkovi n ibex, moufflon, pezk?v? see pezkovi.?êl manat foot, -dan erdêviresist, insist. - lê kirin vt crush, trample. - ketin vifollow, kirin - vt put on (shoes, socks, etc), ji - kirin vt take off (shoes, socks, etc), rab?n ser piyan vi stand up, rise to one’s feet, rakirin ser piyan vt a) make (sb) stand up. b) upset, excite (a group); incite, stir up (a group) to rebellion. pê2 adv from behind, dan/ketinketinvt,vi folow, pursuit.pê3??nf o/bi wê/bi wi. - hesandin vtwarn; let sb know, inform. - hesin vi notice, become aware of. - kanin vt be able to cope (with). - kenin vilaugh at, make fun of. - vedan vt sting. - xwe? b?n vi be pleased with.pêbawer?/letter of credit, proxy, pêbaz / footpath, foot-bridge, pêcame m /v-pyjamas. pêcanik/coltsfoot, bot Tussilago farfara, pê?an (bipê?e) vipack, wrap, pê?andin (bipê??ne) vt pack, wrap, cixare - vt roll a cigarette, pêgek/s waddling-clothes. pê?êb?n m tool, implement, pê?ih^eepê??.pê??/nnoi 1 toe. ~ya habel??kê fourth toe, ~ya beranê/mezin big toe. -ya dirêj second toe. ~ya nav?n third toe. -ya qil??kê little toe. 2 finger, pê??n see pê?an. pê?ke n wheel.pêdandin (bipêd?ne) vt determine, fix. pêdark/clog. pêde see peyda pêdiv?od) necessary, pêhes?n/perceptioa pê hesin vi perceive, pê hev (li) - one after another, following one another. - ??n vi go one after another, pêjd?n/place for storing beehives, pêjn/I echo; sound. 2 feeling, pêjnandin (bipêjn?ne) vt feel; hear, pêk adj together, well-arranged. - an?n vi bring forth, produce, create, realize, accomplish, prepare. - hatin vi come into being, be formed, be constituted, be completed, be accomplished, pékan adj easy, achievable, pêken adj laughable, funny, -i/humour, pêkenok/anecdote, pêkefin (pêkeve) vicatch (fire, adisease).agir - catch fire, begin to burn, ignite, pêkhat? adj completed, created; excellent, pêl/wave. ~bi ~adv in waves. ~av/wave {of water), pêlav m shoes, pèle / age, period, pêlek/a moment, an instant, pêlekan / stairs, ladder, pelepa? adv backwards, pèle wan m wrestler; strong and strapping person, pêlik/ladder. pêlpêl? ad/wavy. pelwe?/radio (station). pêlwe§an/broadcasting, pêl we?andin vt broadcast.pêmah? /inheritance; heritage, pêma n heir, inheritor, pêne m,adj five. ~an/em/em?n adj fifth, genci m,adj fifty, -yan/yen?/yem?n a/fiftieth. Penc?em(b) /Thursday, pênebawer?/distrust, lack of confidence. pênehes?1 / unawareness, pê ne hes?n vi be unaware (of sth). pênehes?2/ analgesia, pên?s/pen, pencil. -dank/pcncil box. ~gê?/piece of chalk. ~zrê?/penc,t. pêpahn adj flat-footed, pêpel?k/stairs; ladder, pêpes kiri n see pêpez kirin. pêpez kirin vt trample on; disregard, gêpik/ladder,pêr adv the day before yesterday, pêr/small star. pêra,pêre adv with.pêrg? / approach. ~ (yek?/fi?tek?) b?n vi appear in front of (sb/sth), meet. ~ yek? hatin vi meet, meet by chance, pêrg?hevhatin / meeting (by chance), pêrg? hev hatin vimeet, meetby chance, pêrg?n/reception, welcome, ??n ~ê vi welcome, go to meet, pêrist/index.pêrk?t/graw stem, root; prefix, pêrùfastrthe Pleiades, pêr?z.veep?roz.pês?r m anat breast; the chest, thorax. pe?/??e front, li - prep in front of, before; in the presence of.pt?ajo n vanguard, advance courier, avant-gardist pe?an dan vf bring up (a matter), put forth (sth) for consideration, p??andar n emcee, compere. pe?angeh/exhibition, show, display. pe?baz1 ad] brave, courageous. pe?baz2 n competitor, contester, contender, pêsbaz?/compctition. pê§ber n guide.pe? be ri adv (I i) ~ across, opposing, facing.pêsbir n leader, guide.pe?bir?/short cutpêshirk/competition.pe?cen?k/frontal eminence.pe??av : ~ kirin vi demonstrate, display, show.pe?da see pêfjde.pe?dar n advance guard, vanguard, pri?de adj,a?iv torward, forwards, -birimi cause (sb/sth) to move forward, move (sth) forward, make (sth) progress or improve. - ??n vi advance, progress, develop, go forward, move ahead. ~??n / advance, improvement, development, progress. ~ ketin vi advance, progress, develop. - xistin vi develop, improve, make (sth) progress or improve, pe?dest? / initiative. - kirin vt take the initiative.pe?divet?/prerequisite, pe?e m job, work, occupation. pê?edem/future.pe?eng n vanguard, advance courier, avant-gardist. ~?/ being an advance courier or avant-gardist. ~? kirin vt be the initiator of sth, get sth started, pe?eroj/ future, pêsevan n leader; avant-gardist. pe?ewan see pe?e van. pe?e war ? (one’s) predecessor, pe?e waz?/protocol, pe?geh/terrace; front, pê ?gi r?,pê ?gi r ti n /pre venti on. pe?go n astrologer.pê?gotin /foreward, preface, introduction. pe?in1 adv beforehand, in advance. pe?in2 adj first.pe?inat/money paidinadvance, advance payment.pe?indirav see pe?inat.pe?inh??kim ? prejudice, pe?ingeneet n prejudice, pe??'/l the front. 2 future, li -ya in front of, before, in the presence of. li ~yê in the front. ~ (lê) girtin vt stop, prevent. ~(ya yek?/ti?tek?) girtin vt prevent, block, hinder (sb/sth). pe?i2 n mosquito. pe??gir?,pe??gi rti n /prevention, pe?in see pe?in12, pe?ker’/gram indicative mood, pê ?ke r 2/i ndic a tor.pe?ketin /progress, development, advance, pe?ket? adj advanced, developed, pe?ke? / introducing, presenting, offering. -kirin vt introduce, offer, present. ~i /introducing, presenting, offer, -van n emcee, compere, pe?k? adj frontal. pe?n?al(k) / apron, pe?merge n Kurdish guerilla, pe?ner?/ultimatum, precaution, pe?nihad see pe?niyar. p??n?yar/ proposal, suggestion, offer. ~ kirin vt propose, suggest, offer. pê?niyaz/request. pe?pirtik/gmm prefix, pe??le n gnat, pe?va see pe?de. pe?vercepe?de. pe?ve??n see pS?de??n. pe?ver? adj,n progressive. ~t? / progessiveness. pe?vraz?/protocol, gêt n flame.pêtag/hive, beehive; honey combpêtal(a)/torch.pêtaz? see pêxwas 2.pêtik n match.pêvajo/process, progression, pê ve1 cont of bi wê ve/bi wive with, together, enclosed, stuck, adhering. ~ kirin vt attach. - zeliqandin vt adhere to, stick onto. - zeliq?n vt stick to, adhere to. gê ve2 adv jê - T afterwards, ji ?ro - from now on, henceforth. 2 except. Ji te Except you.pêvek/enclosure, addition, pêwan n watchman, sentry.pêwar adj local, regional, pêweng m tool, implement, pê wir/small star.pê wist adj necessary, required, needed ~i / necessity, need, something needed. ~ b?n vf be needed, be necessary. Pêwr/the Pleiades. pêxas see pêxwas. pêxember m P prophet, pêxistin (pêxe) vt (agir) - set(sth) onfire, ignite, kindle, pêxwas: n vagrant, tramp. pêxwas2 adj barefoot, pêxwes?/satisfaction, contentment, pleasure, pêyda see peyda, pêzan n expert, specialist. pi?(ek) m,adj small quantity, a little or a small part; a little, a little bit. pi?ik(ek) m,adj (a) very small (bit), pi??k adj small. ~ b?n vi shrink, become smaller, - kirin vf make (sth) smaller, shrink, pi??ker ^//diminutive. pid(i) trt dent gum.pif/puff, exhale breath. - kirin vf 1 (for sb) blow or breathe hard on. 2 play (flute,etc).pifik/bellows.pihêt adj firm, tight, pih?n/kick. - avêtin/kirin vt kick. ~(a xwe) lê xistin vf kick, give a kick, dan ber -an vtkick.pi jandin (bipi j?ne) vt cook, pijiqandin (bipijiq?ne) vt make (sth) gush or squirt.pijiq?n (bipijiqe) vf gush out, spurt out, jet.pij?n (bipije) vf be cooked.pilak/reflection.piling n tiger, zool Panthers tigris.pilo/ thi stle-down.pilox m torch.pimpar.reepirpar.pincarfcommon name for all eatable grasses.pindep?r/spider.pindik/bud.pingav.ree pengav.pinhan .veeve ?art?.piniya korfanat blind spot (of the eye), pint? adj very stingy, very close-fisted, piq?n? see pi rq?n?.pir adj much, many; very, very much. - bun vi increase, become more. ~ kirin vf increase. ~ hebe at (the very) most. P~ mixabin adv unfortunately. ~ ~adv at (the very) most.piral? adj many-sided, multilateral, piran?/majority.pirasa/Gk leek, hot Allium porrum. piray?see pi rank pirbêj adj talkative, pircare/ repetition, repeat, pircar?/frequency.pirc?re adj various, assorted, of different kinds.pir?/hair, ~a bingeng armpit hair, pir?iqandin see per?iqandin. pir(e)al?.ree pi tal? pirehen see g?mlek. pir(e)ji mar adj,f 'gram plural. pir(e)k?te n polysyllable. pir(e)nav m gram common noun. pir(e)reng adj multi-coloured, piretexl?ti? pirtexl?t. pir(e)ziman adj multilingual, pirik/mud, mire.pirik/ small bridge. ~a mej? onat pons cerebri, -amil atiat clavicle, pir?sk/spark.pirole adj excessive, extreme, pirpar/purslane, /wfPertularea ortclacea. pirpit?n (bipirpite) vi (heart) beat; move convulsively.pirq?n?/ laughter. - bi yek? ketin vi laugh loudly, burst into laughter, pirs/question. ~ kiri n vt ask. -a yek?kirin v/ ask about (sb). girsgeh/'information bureau, pirsgirêk/problem.pirsiyar/question. -?/inteiTogation, ~\kirin vt question, -k? adj interrogative, pirs?n (bipirse) vt ask, enquire, question, interrogate, lê - vt inquire after (sb). jê - vf ask.pirs?n? adj gram interrogative, pirsok/riddle, puzzle, pirtexl?t adj various, varied, plrtir adj more. -b?n vi increase, become abundant. - kirin vt increase, pirt?/piece, fragment, bit. — advin pieces, in bits.pirtokvee pirt?k.pirt?k/book. -f?ro??bookseller. -f?ro??/bookshop; bookselling, -xane/library.pi rt?qal fFr orange. -?m,adjorange (colour).pir?sk m anat backbone.pir?z adj sullen, sulky.pirxwedêy? /polytheism,pis m son.pisaxa adj,m of a gotxi family, noble; son of an axa. pisepisiee pispis. pis?k/cat. pis?ng/cat.pismam m son of one’s father’s brother, cousin.pispis/ whispering furtively, kirin - vf whisper. P~a wan b?. They were whispering furtively.pispor n expert, specialist. ~?/specialty, speciality; being an expert or specialist, piste/pistachio, piste pist.see pispis.pi? //if—! Here kitty, kitty! (whilecalling a cat).pi ?avtin '/assimilation. pi?avtin3 (bipi?eve) vt 1 melt, dissolve. 2 assimilate.pi?emas?/jellyfish, medusa, pi?ik/lungs. -a re? liver, pi?k/part, portion; lot drawing of lots. - avêtin vf castlots. - ki?andin vf draw lots, pi?kane/undivided, collective land, pi?kar n servant.pi?kdar?/participation.-kirinvf participate.pi?ki?A'eepi?kul.pi?kul m droppings of goats or sheep. pi?o/(child’s lang.) pussy cat pussy kitty. pi?t/1 anat back. 2 back. 3 (cloth) beltsash. ~(a xwe) dan (ti?tek?/yeki) vt lean against (sth), rely on fsb). ~a xwe rast kirin v/ recover. ~(a yek?) girtin vt support, back. li ~a xwe kirin vt shoulder, put on one’s back, li ~a yek? b?n vi support, oack (sb), be on sb’s shoulder. pi?tdaw?/rebirth, revival, pi?tdest n anat back of the hand, pi?tevan n supporter, protector. ~l/pro- tection, support. ~?(ya yek?) kirin vt support, protect.pi?tgir n supporter. ~?/ support, solidarity. ~? kirin vt act with solidarity, pi?tguh: - kirin vt pay no attention, pi?ti adv after. Ew ~ min hat. He came after me. P~ ku ew ??. After he went, pi?t?n?vro/afternoon. Pi?t?Zay?ne(abbr:PZ)annoDomini(AD). pi?tmer n supporter.P.i?tpe n anat dorsum of the foot, pi?tre adv later, then, pi?t??v/supper.pi?tve adv from behind, in the back, behind the back; later, then, pistxurt adj (sb) having strong backing, pi?tx?z n hunchback.Pile! hit Baby! pitik n baby.pitirpêr adv the day before yesterday, pilpil / grumbling, nagging, kirin ~ vt grumble, nag.pitpitok n grumbler, nagger, piv adj touchy, easily offended, pix int used to startle bo, boh. ~ kirinfpix kê) vt scare (sb) by appearing and shouting suddenly, say bo to. pixêr?,pixêr?g/chimney. piyade n infantry, infantryman, piyale/bowl; glass, piyan/glass (of water), piyan plural ofgê‘\i ~ adv onfoot, standing up. ji ~ b?n/sekinin vi stand up. piyanok/glass. piyar adj kind, tender-hearted, pizik/pimple, pustule, pizmam see pismam. pizot.veebizot. pizpizk see pispisk.p? m 1 anat shoulder blade. 2 upper arm. 3side, direction, p?ber n saviour, deliverer, pig adj bastard, illegitimate child. ~t? / bastardy. p?j1 m thorn.p?j2 adj sharp, erect ~ b?n vi stand erect, m?yên yek? ~ b?n vi get goose-flesh, p?jdanok/heath, hot Erica, p?jik/spine; pointed twig, p?jinda / aneth, hot anethum. p?l f Fr elect rct\\, battery. p?l1 m lin.~wer n tinman, tinsmith. p?l2 anat shoulder blade. p?lan/Frplan. p?mboq/(a) piece of glass. pin1 /coop (of hen), p?nreepih?n. p?ncreep??.p?ne m patch. - kirin vt patch up. ~k?r?adj patched. ~ ~ adj patched, p?nik/coop (of hen), p?poq/(a) piece of glass. p?qab/t/?g pick up.p?r1 adj,m old; old person. ~ b?n vi grow old.-kirin vt cause (sb) to grow old.tep?p?r2 m spiritual guide of dervish order.p?rahen,p?rehenm shirt. ! iV1p?rhebok/witch.'?'-* 'p?rejin/old woman, p?remêr m old man. p?r ek/woman; wife, p?rê/spider, konê ~ cobweb, p?rhevok/witch. p?rik1/! midwife. 2 grandmother. p?rik2/spider. p?r?/old age, oldness, p?roz adj sacred, holy, blessed. Cejna te - be! Happy cejn! ~ kirin vt congratulate, p?rozah?/sacrcdness, holiness, p?rozbah?/congratulating, congratulation; celebration, p?rozbay? see p?rozbah?. p?roz?/sacredness, holiness; blessedness, p?rozname/congratulatory letter, p?rqelayk/purslane, bot Portilaca oleracea. p?rq?n? see pirq?n?. p?r?z see p?roz.p?s adj dirty, unclean, filthy. ~ b?n viget dirty. - kirin vt dirty, soil, p?s?/dirt, filth; dirtiness, filthiness, p?s?f? / obscenity.p?s?xwaz az? malicious, malevolent, pispisk/whistle, pipe, li -é xistin vt whistle, pi?e/art; craft, -ger/karn artist; craftsman, p??kar n gram subject; agent, p??o m remains of burnt cloth. pivan1/measure, measurement. pivan2/criterion. pivan3 (bip?ve) vf measure, p?vandin (bipivine) vf measure, p?vanker/meter (water, gas, etc), p?vaz / onion. ~a ??n spring onion.p?vazokamej?/brain-stem, medulla oblongata, p?vazterk/spring onion, p?vek/criterion.pivok/crocus, meadow saffron, hot Colchicum.p?yale/glass.polamsteel.Polan/February. polatree pola. poles see polis, polik/pea.polis n Fr police, policeman, pol ice woman, ponij?n (biponije) vi be engrossed in (thought); drop off, doze, por m hair (on a person’s head). ~ berdanJ dirêj kirin vt let (one’s hair) grow long, porik m wig (of the head), porkur??k adj curly-haired, porsigi adj,n white-haired; white-haired person.porteqal/orange. porwe?yay? adj bald, porzer adj fair, blond, poste fit mail, post, postexane /post office, po? n horn.Po?e n,adj Gypsy, po??/ head scarf worn by men. po?man adj regretful, remorseful. ~ bun vifeelremorse, feel sorry, regret, - kirin vf make (sb) regret (sth), make (sb) feel remorse for (sth). -?/regret, remorse. pot(ik) m rag.potin f Fr half boots, button boots, poxan/dwelling, house, residence, poxz?n adj sad, worried. ~?/sadness, poz manat 1 nose. ~(ê xwe) daliqandin vt put on a sour face, sulk. ~(ê yek?) ?ewit?n vi be ashamed, feel wounded in one’s pride/honour. 2 cape. 3 peak, apex. 4 tip, pointed end.pozber n competitor, rival. ~?/competi- tion, rivalry.poz bi lind adj conceited, arrogant. ~? / conceit, an'ogance.pronav m pronoun. ~ê b?rdar reflexive pronoun, -é pe?ker demoastrative pronoun. -êpirsiyar?interrogative pronoun, prot n potter, pr?skjcebrüsk.puf/exhaled breath. - kirin vf 1 blow or breathe hard on. 2 play (flute, etc), pufandin (bipufine) vt blow or breathe hard on; cause (sth) to blow, pufin (bipufe) vi (wind, etc) blow, pur see pir. puservee kur, pusper?/pleasure, delight. p?? adj hollow, empty inside; weak (though appearing strong); useless; rotten. ~ derketin vi turn out to be nothing. - kirin vf refute, demolish, p?jan/mint, bot Mentha piperita. p?k1 /snowstorm; blizzard. p?k2/OT?Jf pulp* ~a diran denial pulp. p?l/F 1 stamp. 2 (table games) playing piece. pun1 see pin.p?n2 (bip?) vf dress (a pelt), p?ng/spearmint, bot Mentha pulegium; penny royal, bot Mentha pulegium. p?nkseep?ng.p?rt /1 feather, quill, piece of down. 2 hair, -a bin?eng armpit hair, p?rtew/light.p?? m sprig, dry herbs, dry leaves. P??ber/Junc.p???^eepo??.p??t adj queer, fag, faggot, p?t m idol, -perest n idolater, -perest?/ idolatry, p?y?n see p?n2.PZ see Pi?liZay?nê.q / the 20th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, qab /P cover (of book, etc). qablofFr(utility) cable.qabz?n /capsule.qa?/bot a variety of juniper.qa?ax/7V contraband, smuggling. ~?? nsmuggler.qa?ik fanat pelvis.qad / open place, field, arena. ~a ?er battle field, qadfik/small pan. qaf1 / flower pot.qaf2 m head. ~sar adj stupid, foolish, qafilqeda / calamity, misfortune. Q~ li wan keve! Damn them! qahwe/A coffee. ~y? m, adj brown, qa?l see qayil. qajeqaj see qajqaj. qaj?n (biqaje) vi crow, make a harsh cry. qajqaj / crowing, harsh or shrill cry. kirin ~ vt crow, make a harsh cry. b?n ~a yek?/ti?tek? vi crow, make a harsh cry. qal1 / subject, topic. ~(a yek?/ti?tek?) b?n vt be mentioned. ~(a yek?/ti?tek?) kirin vt talk about (sb/sth), mention. qal2 m point (in games), qalik m 1 outer covering. 2 rind, peel, skin, hull (of a fruit). 3 pod, husk (of a vegetable or grain). 4 shell (of a nut or an egg). 5 crust. 6 scab (of a wound). 7 case. ~ girtin vt form a crust or scab, ketin ~ê xwe vi withdraw into one’s shell, refuse to associate with others, qalind adj thick. ~ b?n vi thicken, become thick. ~ kirin vt thicken, make (slh) thick. -?/thickness, qal?g/small sickle, qam / height. ~ dan vt stand up in the water to test its depth, qamyon f Fr truck, lorry. qamyonet/Fr pickup truck, van. qand? adv (bi) ~ as ... as. Ez (bi) - te dirêj im. I am as tall as you. qane adj persuaded, satisfied. - b?n vi be persuaded. ~ kirin vt persuade, qani see qane. qan? see qane. qantir/ mule.qan?n/A law, statute, act. ~a bingeh?n / constitution, -deran?n / legislation, making laws. ~? adj lawful, legal, qapan / weigh-bridge. qapqapk f clogs, qap?t m greatcoat, coat, qaqil m outer covering, shell, qarandin (biqar?ne) vt cause (sb) to cry bitterly.qargfbot a variety of juniper.qar?ik see qa?ik.qareqar see qarqar.qann1 (biqare) vi cry bitterly, a bitter cry.qar?n2/crying bitterly.qarm??e m whip.qarqar/crying bitterly, a bitter cry.qar?r,qar?re see ???e.qas1/ moment, instant.qas2/ amount, much.qasid n messenger.qasir see kurt.qas? adv (bi) - as ... as, as much as. Tu ~ min dirêj ?. You are as tall as I am. qa? n stone, gem (in a piece of jewelry). qa?ik m rind, peel, husk, hull, pod. qa?o supposedly; you would think that, it’s as if.qat1 m floor, storey, -ê jêr?n downstairs. ~ê jorin upstairs. ~ê ?aran the forth storey. qat2 m layer, fold. ~ê kincan suit, qai? adj storeyed. du~ two-storeyed, qat?fk/basket, qav see qab. qavik/anal navel.qawan m muskmelon, bot Cucumis melo. qawêr/hoop, rim. qawirme see qel?.qax?/fear. ~ kirin vt fear, be afraid (of), be scared (of).qayil adj willing, ready, satisfied, (pê) - b?n vf agree (to), consent (to), (gê) - kirin vt get (sb) agree to (sth). qay?l see qayil.qay??1 / rivalry, competition, competing. (bi yek? re) ketin ~ê vt compete against (sb), vie with (sb). qayhj1/ belt.qay??ke? n competitor, -if competition. ~?(ya yeki) kirin vt compete against (sb).qaz n goose, zool Anser. qazax m Fr pullover, sweater. qaz?1 adv bi ~ 1 intentionally. 2 as a joke, in jest.qaz?2 ?judge.qe adv not at all, never, ever. Qe na be.It’s impossible. ~ ne be at least, qebale see qubaie. qebd m handle, butt (of a weapon). qebr/A see gor. qebrax n pimp, procurer. qeb?l/A acceptance, approval. ~ b?n vr be accepted. ~ kirin vr accept, admit, qed f A height. ~ ? qamed height and appearance.qeda/calamity, misfortune, qedandin (biqed?ne) vt finish, complete, end. qedem see ling.qedene n large but clumsy or useless person. qeder/A destiny, fate, qederekê adv for a while, qederperest nphil fatalist, -if fatalism, qedexe fadj A prohibition, ban; forbidden, prohibited. ~ b?n vi be forbidden/ prohibited/banned. ~ kirin vt forbid, prohibit, ban.qedexekiri adj forbidden, prohibited, banned. qed(i)r m A worth, dignity. ~(ê yek?) girtin vt show respect to, respect (sb), appreciate. ~(ê yek?) zan?n vt appreciate worth of, respect (sb). -bilind/giran adj estimable, worthy of esteem, qed?fe m A velvet.qed?n (biqede) vi be finished, finish, be completed, come to an end. qef/ hap, snare.qefandin (biqefine) vt keep, save, qefd /handle (of sword, etc), qefes/A cage. ~a s?ngèf anal rib cage, qefilandin (biqef?l?ne)1 vt freeze, qefitandin (biqef?l?ne)2 vt tire. qefil?1 adj frozen to death. qefil?1 adj tired.qef?l?n (biqefile)1 vi freeze todeath, feel very cold.qefii?n (biqefile)2 vi be/get tired. qefl(e) m a number or group of (birds, cars, people, etc) walking, flying or trav-elling together, group, qefs?ng/ onat rib cage, qehir tee qehr.qehirandin (biqehir?ne) vr make (sb) tense and irritable, anger, qehir? adj angry.qehir?n (biqehire) vi get angry, get hot. qehr/anger.qelaha?ke / magpie, zool Pica pica, qelafet m height, body, stature, qelandin (biqefine) vt roast, qelaq??k/til?ka ~ê little finger. qela?tin (biqele?e) vt split, cleave, slit, qelebask/magpie, zool Pica pica, qelem / pen.qelen m money paid by the bridegroom to the bride’s family, qelend see qelen.qeiere?k ? raven, zool Corvus corox. qele? A adj treacherous, backstabbing. qelew adj fat. ~ bun vi get fat, grow fat. ~ kirin vt fatten, cause (sb) to get fat. ~? / fatness.qelexan n milk thistle, lady’s thistle, bot Silybum morianum. qelibandin (biqelib?ne) vr 1 overturn, overthrow. 2 change direction, turn, qelib? adj turned upside down, overthrown, qelib?n (biqelibe) vr 1 be turned upside down, be overthrown. 2 turn, lê ~ vr mn into, qeiihandin (biqelih?ne) vr extirpate, destroy, perish.qelih? adj extirpated, destroyed, perished.qelih?n (biqelihe) vi be extirpated, bedestroyed, be perished-qelibandin (biqeli§?ne) vt split, slit, cleave.qeli?? adj cleft, split, slit.qeli??n (biqeli?e) vi be split, be slit, becleaved.qelizandin (biqeliz?ne) vr xwe ~ slip away, disappear, slink, qeliz?n (biqelize) vr slip away, disappear, slink.qefi/preserved fried meat, qel??k/ til?ya ~e little finger, qefin (biqele) vi be roasted, be fried, qefinok/iron sheet (to fry meet). qel???ek / groove, cleft; split; slit. ~a q?nê /amt anal groove, anal cleft.qella? see qele?.qelp adj false, forged. -ezan n counterfeiter, qelq / motion, movement, qels adj lean, puny, weak. ~ b?n vi get weak. ~ kirin vt weaken, cause (sth) to decline, ~f/ weakness, leanness. -ok adj puny, thin, weak, qel?n/pipc. qelzem see derya.qemer1 A adj dark, swarthy. ~?/swarthi- ness. ~ê vekir? dusky. qemer2 A see hêv.qemirandin (biqemir?ne) vf toast; make brown by heating, sun or cold, qemiri adj toasted, brown, qemirin (biqemire) vi toast; become brown by heating, sun or cold, qems? see virek- qenab / cord, lashing, qenc adj good, fine. ~? / goodness, favour. ~? (bi yek*) kirin vt do a favour for (sb). -tir adj better, qend m loaf sugar, qe ne adv - be at least. qenepe/Fr sofa, settee, qer adj.m shiny black, qerag m moor, stony ground. qeram??k/scratching, clawing, - kirin vt scratch, claw. ~ lê xistin vt scratch, claw, qerar see biryar. -dar see biryardar. -dart see biryardar?. qerase m large person or thing, qeras? see qeres?.qera? n miller. ~?/being a miller, miller’s trade.qe rax /edge, brink, bank, side, qerawit/guard.qerebalix/ot? A crowd; crowded.qereb?n fit carbine.qere?? n,adj Gypsy.qerent?l / carnation.qeres? /cherry, bot Prurus avium.qerêj see qirêj.qerf ?mockery. ~(ên xwebi yek?) kirin vt make fun of. bi ~ adv mockingly, qerfayet?/ mockery, bi - adv mockingly, qerh see kul. qeri j see qirêj. qerik see qirik.qerimandin (biqerim?ne) vf cause (sb/ sth) to get numb, tire, qerimi adj numb, tired, qeriimn (biqerime) vi get numb, get tired. qerisandin1 (biqeris?ne) vt freeze. qerisandin2 (biqeris?ne) vt tire. qeris?1 adj frozen, very cold. qerisi2 adj tired.qeris?n1 (biqerise) vi freeze, become very cold.qeris?n2 (biqerise) vi be/get tired, qer?b A see nêz?k.qer?n (biqere) vijê - leave (sb) in peace, leave (sb) alone.qer?sok/(weather) dry cold, frostiness, qermi?andin (biqermi??ne) vf pucker, wrinkle, crumple.qermi?? adj wrinkled, puckered, crumpled, qermi??n (biqermi?e) vi become puckered, wrinkled or crumpled, qerm??ok / wrinkle, pucker, qerpal m rag; worn out dress, qerqa? m,adj bright white. qerqet,qerqef m (glass) decanter, jug. qerq?de m anat skeleton. qer? see qir?.qert/ bite. - avê?in vt bite. - kirin vf bite. ~ lê xistin vf bite. qerwa?/'maid servant, maid, qerz see deyn. qesab n A butcher, qesas n murderer.qesd / A intention, purpose, ji/bi ~? adv intentionally, deliberately, qesem / oath, qesir see qesr. qesirbend ? architect, qes?l/rush mat, cane work, qesp/date, bot Phoenix dactylifera. qesr/stone house, villa, kiosk, palace. qest/A intention, purpose. ~(a yek?/ ti?tek?) kirin vf head towards, go towards. -ena adv (bi) - intentionally, deliberately,qe?a /ice. - girtin vt freeze, be covered with ice.qe?artin (biqe?ere) vf peel. qe?em / ice block, sheet of ice. qe?eng adj beautiful, pretty.qe?irandin see qe?artin. qe?i??n (biqe?ite) vi colloq dear out, go away. Biqe?i?e! Get out! Go away! qe?mer n clown, buffoon. ~?/clowning, buffoonery.qet1 adv not at all, never, ever. Qe na be. It’s impossible. ~ ne be at least. qet2/short string, etc. qetandin (biqet?ne) vt break off, tear off. jê - vt part, separate (from), qetek/ water supply points. qet(i)l/A murder.qet?n (biqete) vi break in two, break,snap, jê - vi part, separate.qetiyan see qet?n.qetmer see ?i?ek.qetqet? adj in pieces.qetran Af tar.qetre see dilop.qettal A n murderer.qevd1/bunch (of flowers).qevd2 m handle (of sword, etc).qevdik/{small) handle. ~a dest f cmat wrist.qevz /jump, jumping, dan -an vt jump,jump up and down.qewad m pimp, procurer.qewil see qewl.qewimandin1 (biqewim?ne) vt (lê) - 1cause (sth) to happen to (sb). 2 cause (sth) to hit or strike against (sb/sth). qewimandin2/event, happening, qewim?n (biqewime) vi lê - 1 happen to. ?i li te qewim?? What happened to you? What's wrong with you? ?i qewim?? What happened? 2 be hit.qewirandin (biqewir?ne) vt drive (sb) away, send (sb) away (in disgrace), qewitandin (biqewit?ne) see qewirandin. qew? adj A strong. ~ kirin vt strengthen, qew?n adj resisting, enduring, strong, qew?t?/cautioning, admonition. - kirin vt caution, admonition, qewl / 1 word; promise. 2 condition; agreement. Ji -a te. As you said, qewm m A a people, qews see kevan. qewwel see qe?mer. qewz see qevz.qey1 interrfonn. Q~ tu ne??y?? Didn’tyou go? Qey ne? Or? (in negative questions); Is it possible? Is it true? qey2 adv as if. gotin - vt think that. Te digot ~ ew difir?ya. You would think he was flying. Min got - ew mamoste ye. I thought he was a teacher. qeyd'/A enrollment, registration. - bun vi be registered, be enrolled. - kirin vt register, enroll.qeyd2/A 1 restriction, limitation. 2 fetter, shackle, -übend a restrictions, limitations.qeyik/Yr small boat, -a hawarê lifeboat.qeys/measure. - girtin vt measure.qeyser m emperor, czar, tsar.qeyser? see s?k-qeysik m crutch.qeys?1/ apricot.qeys?2 see qas?.qey tan / shoe-lace; cotton or silk cord, qez m A silk.qeza/zt (Islam) late performance of an act of worship, qezelf A accident. qeze2/subdivision of a provision, qez?/word. - kirin vt speak, talk, qez?yye A f problem, qezwan ? terebinth. qem??: - kirin vt act pitilessly towards, kill. - nekirin vt be unable to hurt, be unable to kill, qêrat see x?ret. qêr?n see q?r?n.qible m the direction of mecca (to which a Muslim turns in worship), qidam n chickpea (fried and coverd withsugar).qidqid/cackle, cluck (of a hen), qid?m see qud?tn. qidlandin see qef?landin. qifil?n see qefii?n. qijalk ? zool crow.qijik1 n 1 zool crow. 2 hazel grouse, zool Tetrastes bonasia. qijik2 m twig.qijilandin (biqijil?ne) vt heat or burn the oil.qijil?n (biqijile) vi (oil) be burnt, burn, qijirandin see qijilandin.qijnik n lick, qijqijik n zool magpie, qilêr/ dirt, filth. ~? adj dirty, filthy. ~? b?n vi get dirty, be soiled. -? kirin vt dirty, soil, qilitk/necktie, tie. qil?can / little finger, qil??k/ little finger.qilog m horn. ~ kirin vt gore. ~ lê xistinvt gore.qiloz see quloz.qin/kernel of an almond, meat of a walnut, qinab /cord, lashing, qinvat /yl conviction; satisfaction. ~ pê an?n vt convict, be satisfied, qinyet see qinyat.qir/extirpation, massacre, slaughter. ~ b?n vi be extirpated, be slaughtered. ~ ketin (ti?tek?) vi be extirpated. ~ kirin vt slaughter, extirpate, -kirin/slaughter, extirpation, massacre, qirak see qi jik.qiral m SI king. -? / kingdom, kingship, -perwer n royalist, -perweri/royalism, qirar see biryar. - dan see biryar dan. qirase see qerase. qirax/ edge, bank, side, qirg / crackle, creak. ~(e)~ / sustained crackling.qirdik n funny person, qirêj/dirt, filth, -geh/garbage dump, rubbish heap. -? adj dirty, filthy. ~? b?n vi get dirty, be soiled. ~? kirin vt dirty, soil, -ok? adj filthy, dirty, qirên/ argiunent. qirêt adj dirty, filthy, qiriqandin (biq?ri??ne) vt dranên xwe - gnash one’s teeth. qirik1 /anat throat, neck.(\\rikr f z.ool crow, qirim/scythe, qirn m generation.qirpik/belch. -a yek? hilatin vi belch. qir? rn stick, twig. qir??k m stem, twig, qirt / -(e)- clucking, grating, scratching (noise).qtse/conversation, talk. - kirin vi converse, chat, talk.qismet m A destiny, fortune. ~(ê yek?) f?reh b?n vi be/bccome lucky, qit? m kind of cucumber, qit?t/thrift. ~?/thrift, thriftiness, bi ~? adv thriftily.qiyamet/A roja ~ê doomsday. - rakirin vt raise hell about it. qizilqurt ini A plague on you! Q~a dilê fe! A plague on you! qizwan n terebinth, q?gik m, adj straw colour, q?j?n1 / loud, shrill cry; scream. q?j?n2 (biq?je) vi crow, make a loud, shrill cry.q?j?n? / loud, shrill cry. -? pê ketin v? crow, make a loud, shrill cry. kirin - vt crow, make a loud shrill cry. q?l m canine tooth, q?lade A see gerden?. q?m / satisfaction, contentment. ~(a/? yek?) kirin vt be enough for (sb). ~(a xwe) pê an?n vt be content, be satisfied with, q?me m Tr mince, q?net see qinyat. q?nwan see gul??.q?r/pitch (a substance obtained from the distillation of tars).q?randin (biq?r?ne) vt make (sb) shout or scream.q?req?r/ scream, kirin ~,b?n -a yek?vtfVi scream, shout.q?ret/conviction, opinion. ~(a xw,e) pê an?n vt be of the opinion that, believe that, q?r?n (biq?re) vi shout, scream, q?r?n? / scream. - pê ketin vi scream, kirin - vt scream, q?rq?r see q?req?r. q?? m rock.q?t(ik) m small parts of wood, q?wam see hêz. q?yame adv up, upwards, q?z/girl; daughter, qlêw?n n dishwasher (person), qol / sleigh.qolinc m anat shoulder blade, scapula, qombere / piggy bank; coin box. qom?e / button, qom? m muskmelon. qom?te/Fr committee, qom?ta navend?central committee, qomp?r/potato, qoneik m trunk (of a tree), qondax / gunstock. qondere/Gfc shoes.qop adj humpbacked, hunchbacked, stooped. ~ê / (female) hunchback. ~o m (male) hunchback. qor1 m row.qor2 adj bad; harsh, qisên - bad/harsh words, swearwords, qorik/ amt hip. qorzi see qoz?.qo?xane/saucepan (without a handle), qot adj ser~ bare-headed, qoz? / corner, qrewat/Fr necktie, tic. qrên/quarrel, row, fight, qub fadj dome, dome-shaped, qubale/job work, piecework, qubalet?/contracting for the whole lot or by the job.qube/domc (roof), vault, qud?m m strength. ~(e yek?) ?ikenandin vt scare daylights out of (sb). ~(ê yek?) ?ikestin vi be badly frightened, ji ~ de ketin vi be scared out of (one’s) wits, qufil / padlock, qufilandin see qefilandin. quf?l? see qef?l?. qufil?n see qefil?n. qui1/! bole. 2 anat anus. 3 den, lair. qui2 adj having a hole, bored. ~ b?n vi get a hole, be pierced, - kirin vt make a hole in, pierce. —? adj perforated, full of holes. —? kirin vi perforate, qulag m athom, swim stroke. - avêtin vf swim a stroke.qulateyn/pipe in a pool from which a jet of water spouts upwar d, qulêr adj having a hole, having holes, perforated, qulf m hook, qulik/small hole, quling n crane, zool Grus, qulipandin (biqulip?ne) vt overturn, qulip? adj overturned, qulip?n (biqulipe) vi be overmrned. quloz adv - bun vi rise; hop.quip/1 (rounded) handle. 2 loop, quit see qurt.qulubandin see qelibandin. qulub?n see qelib?n. qulzem see derya.qumbele / hand-grenade, qum?ik/button.qumil n an insect destructive to wheat, harvest-bug.qunbere/artr the morning star, Venus, qunc / X corner. 2 (newspaper) column, -niv?skar n columnist. ~ik/ corner, quncirandin (biquncirine) vt pinch, quncirik/ pinch. ~ lê dan vt pinch, qundax see qundax. qun tar/foot (of a mountain), qu raff in (biqurêfe) vt 1 collect, gather. 2 break (by bending or twisting). Quran f A Koran, qurb see nêz?kay?.qurban f A sacrifice, victim. - kirin vt sacrifice, kirin ~(a yek?/ti?tek?) vt sacrifice to (sb/sth). qur?1 see qunc.qur?2; ?avên xwe - kirin vt wink. qurgik1 see quneik.qurgik2/hut.qure adj arrogant, conceited. ~t?/arrogance, conceit.qurequr/ croaking (of a frog), qurifandin (biqurif?ne) vt cut or break sth hard (wire, etc) by folding it qurif? adj (wire, etc) broken, qurif?n (biqurife) vi be broken or cut by being folded.qurincandin (biqurinc?ne)v?pê - pinch with one’s fingers. quri? m Kuru?, paistre. qurix/the morning star, Venus, qurrn (biqure) vi (a frog, etc) croak, qurm m trunk (of a tree), qurmigandin (biqurmig?ne) vr 1 pucker, wrinkle, crumple. 2 crumble (leaves, etc), qurmigik/wrinkle, crease; fold. ~a q?nê/cvwr gluteal fold, -a en??ke crook of the arm.qurmig? adj puckered, wrinkled; crumbled, qurmig?n (biqurmige) vi be puckered, be wrinkled; be crumbled.qurn see qirn.qurne/A tap.qurp / broody, brooding, setting (ben). qursl/Fr course, series of lessons, ??n ~ê vf take a course. qurs2 adj difficult, hard, heavy, qurt / swallow, gulp, sip, sup (of a liquid). ~ek lê xistin vf sip. ~e~ in small swallows. ~e~ vexwarin vf sip. qur?qaf n pots and pans, things, belongings, qurx see qurix.qusandin (biqus?ne) vf 1 cut, clip, shear (hair, etc). 2 abrade, wear away. 3 cause (milk) to sour, go bad, go off. qus?n (biquse) vf 1 wear away, be abraded. 2 (milk) sour, go bad, go off. qusyay? adj 1 abraded. 2 (milk) sour. qu?xane see qo?xane. qut adj 1 cut, torn, broken off. 2 short. ~ kirin vf break, cut, make shorter, qutifandin (biqut ifine) vf scare the daylights out of (sb). qutifi adj badly frightened, qutifin (biqutife) vi be badly frightened, be scared out of one’s wits.qutik m shirt.qut?/box.qut?k/small box.quz m anat female genital organ.q? n swan.q??1/heap or pile of stones. q?g3 adj full. - kirin vf fill up. q??j/adj cone; conic, conical, q?m / sand.q?mar / A gambling, (bi) ~ê l?stin vf gamble.q?ma? m fabric, cloth, material.q?n f anat seat, backside, coll, bottom.q?n? see q??.q?ndax see qondax.q?nde m vulg queen, passive homosexual.q?nder see q?nde.q?nek see q?nde.q?req?r see q?r?n?.q?r?n (biq?re) vi sob.q?r?n?/sob. ~ pê ketin vtcry witli great sobs,q?t m feed, fodder. - dan vf feedq?z,qw?z n marten, zooi Martes.r/the 21st letter of the Kurdish alphabet, ra1 f solution, remedy. ra2/blood-vessel, vein. ra3- suff forming verbs indicating upward action, eg: rab?n, rakirin, raki?andin. ra4 see re.raber prep to, towards, up to. ~(? yek?) kirin vt 1 show, explain. 2 present, perform or play (sth) to(sb). ~ (yek?/ti?tek?) b?n vi come across, meet. raberiz?n1 (raberize) vt discuss, debate, argue about.raberiz?n2/ discussion, argument. raberi1 / exhibition. raberi2 see raber. rabestin / manner.rabezandin (rahezme) w set (people) at odds, rabez?n (rabeze) vibe in conflict, clash, rabihir?n see rabihur?n. rabihur?n (rabihure) vi pass, rabird? fiadj (the) past. rab?n1 (rabe) vi 1 rise; stand up. 2 (ji xew ~) wake up, get up. - ser piyan vi stand up. - ser xwe vi wake up; stand up. ji ber (yek?) ~ vi stand up (out of respect). kel(a yek?) ~ vi get angry. rab?n2 (rabe) vi (tooth) be extracted; be pulled, be uprooted.rab?n ? r?ni?tin / behaviour, attitude, ra?andin (ra??ne) vt 1 weave. 2 derive one thing from another, produce (one thing) from or using (another), ra?avkirin / observation, watch, ra?av kirin vt 1 look, watch, observe. 2 scrutinize, go over, look over, radan (rade) vi 1 put into, 2 attack, snatch or seize (a knife, stick, etc) in order to attack (sb). ~ ser vt attack. 3 spread, radar fing radar, rader f gram infinitive, radest/1 submission, yielding, surrender. 2 delivering. ~(? yek?) kirin vi 1 deliver. 2 surrender (sth/os) to the enemy. xwe ~(? yek?) kirin vt submit, yield, give in, surrender. radest?/1 submission, giving in, surrender. 2 delivery, delivering or handing over, radyo f Fr radio.raper?n1rage? adj nervous, excited. ~?/ tension, excite.rageyandin (ragey?ne) vt inform. ragihandin1 (ragih?ne) vt communicate; transmitragihandin2/communication; transmission, convey.ragirtin (ragire) vi bear, endure, resist, xwe ~ vi wait, control (os), stop, rah 1 F see re. 2 see ?erab. raheber F see rêber. rahi?tevan n weight lifter, rahi?tin (rahêle/rahêje) vt pickup, hold up, lift up. ~ hev vr quarrel, light with each other, rahn?/light, rajêr n subject, citizen, raketin (rakeve) vi sleep, rakirin (rake) vt 1 pick up, hold up, lift, raise. 2 (ji xew) - vt wake (sb) up. 3 cancel, abolish. 4 extract (a tooth), pull up, uproot, ji hole ~ vr destroy; hide, raki?andin (raki??ne) vrpull, pull along, drag, uproot, xwe lê ~ vt try to beat (sb). ram adj tame, domesticated, accustomed, submissive, yielding. ~ b?n vi be tamed, submit, yield. - kirin vt tame, induce to submit; dominate. raman1 (birame) vt think. raman2/thought, thinking, idea. - kirin vt think, ketin -an vi be lost in thought, ramandin (biram?ne) vtmake(sb) think, raman wer n intellectual. ~?/intellectualism. ramax m storey, floor, ramedandin (ramed?ne) see ramidandin.ramidandin (ramid?ne) vt (xwe) ~ liedown, stretch out. rame?ger see sazbend. ram?san see ram?san. ram?san1/kiss.-dan vr give a kiss. - sfendin vt kiss. ram?san1 (ram?se) vt kiss, ram?sandin (ram?s?ne) vt kiss, ramyar/politics; policy. -? adj political, ran /anal thigh.raperandin (raperine) vr arouse, raise; incite, provoke.raper?n1 (rapere) vr arouse, rise; jump.raper?n2 vi uprising; advance. rapê?an1/girding on, putting on (sword, belt, etc).rapê?an2 (rapê?e)/wrap up. rapê?andin (rapê??ne) vt 1 wrap up. 2 provide (sb) with (sth), decorate (with ornaments), equip.rapor fFr report. - dan vt report (on), raqetandin (raqetfne) vt separate, raqet?n (raqete) vi be separated, raser adv over, up. li ~? prep over, above, up. paser?n adj great; loft; supreme, past adj,adv 1 right, true. 2 right (side). 3 direct, directly, straight, straight on. 4 flat, level. - b?n vi be/become smooth, flatten, level. ~ d?tin vt approve. ~ kirin vt 1 smooth, flatten. 2 correct, read (proof), pastane adv really, truly, rastbêj see rastgo. rastek / ruler, straightedge, rastek?n adj real.rasterast adv 1 directly. 2 bluntly, frankly. 3 straight ahead, rastere adv directly, rastgo adj.n realistic; truthful; realist. rasthatin(l) / chance event, accident, happenstance, coincidence, lê rast batin vt mcct/hit/reach/happen by chance, rastik/field, open place, rastikên adj real, true. ~? / the truth, reality, -wer n,adj realist; realistic, -wen / realism.rast?1 /1 truth. 2 straightness, bi ~ adv actually, in fact.rast?2 adv - yek? halin vi meet by chance, chance upon. - yek?/ti?tek? kirin vt aim, point (sth) at (sb/sth). rast?b?n adj realist. ~?/ realism, rastker n proof-reader, rastkirin / correction; proof-reading, rastniv?s?n / orthography. ~? adj orthographic, rav / hunting.rave/interpretation, explanation, - kirin vt interpret, explain, raw / hunting.rawe/gram mood, -ya bilan? optative. ~ya ?êbiwar past participle, -ya ferman? imperative. ~ya gerane optative. ~yager?n? conditional, -ya hek?n? conditional. ~ya parnihayi present participle, rawer /begging, li -an genn vi beg, plead, rawesan see raweslan. rawest/full-stop; stop. raweslan1 (raweste) vi stop, remain standing up.raweslan2/stop, stopping, rawestandin (rawestine) vt stop (sb/sth). rawestb?hnok/ semicolon, rawestek/brake. rawestin1 (raweste) vt stop. rawestin2/break, rest, pause. rawir1 m wild animal. rawir2 adj ferocious, wild, rawistin see rawestin. raxer,raxêr / floor. raxistin1/! exhibition, display, show. 2 furnishing. 3 -a r?pelan / make-up, making up, lay-out.raxistin2 (raxe) vt 1 spread (a carpet, etc). 2 furnish.raxistin3 (raxe) vt r?pel - (printing) make up.raxist? adj 1 spread. 2 furnished. ray‘/l opinion, idea. 2 vote, bi -a min in my opinion, -a gi?t?/ pubic opinion. ray2/rail, track, raye /power, authority, rayegan? see mifti raz see sir1.razan1 (raze) vi sleep; lie. têr - vi sleep well. razan2/sleep.razandin (raz?ne) vt put (sb) to sleep, cause (sb) to sleep, razay? adj sleeping, razber adj abstract, raz? adj A satisfied, contented, jê - b?n vi agree (to), consent (to), ji xwe - b?n vi be pretentious. - kirin vt get (sb) to agree to (sth).raz?b?n/consent, assent, approval, re part ofprepp and adw .see j i -, bi -, di -, Reb m A God.reben adj poor, unfortunate, miserable. ~?/poverty, misery, destitution, rebenok see reben.Reb?! int My God! reb? see bihar.re?ete fit prescription.ref1 n 1 flock (of birds). 2 rank, line.ref2/shelf.referand?m / Fr referendum, refik/shelf, refiq A see heval. reg see reh.reh1 fanal 1 nerve; muscle; vessel; vein. 2 root. 3 origin. reh2 see rê. rehet see rihet. rehil see refrehkar n racist. ~\f racism. rehni(et) f A God’s mercy, God’s compassion; mercy, compassion, ??n rehmetê vi die, pass away. Reh ma Xwedê lê be. May God have mercy on him (said for a person who has died), rehmet? adj.n the late, rehrew see rêw?.reh wan adj at an amble, -if amble, reis n A person in charge, leader, head, chief; chairman, rejgeh / waterfall.Remezan / ,4 the nineth month in the Muslim year during which Muslims fast, remmal see falavêj. rene see rêne.rencandin (birenc?ne) vt hurt (sb’s) feelings, offend.reng m 1 colour. 2 way, manner. ~ avêtin vt pale. ~ dan vt fade, rengavêt? adj pale, rengdar adj coloured, rengdêr / adjective. ~a i ?ark? demon strative adjective. ~a jimar?n numeral adjective.rengareng adj multi-coloured, colourful, reng?n adj coloured, colourful. Ala ~ Kurdish flag, rengnesax adj pale, rengp??e / adverb. ~y? adj adverbial. rep1 adj erectile, upright, stiff. ~ b?n vi stand erect, become upright, become stiff. ~ kirin vt erect, harden, make (sth) stiff. rep2/ — sound of marching feet, rep?n/sound of régulai- and striking actions. req1 m turtle, zool testudo. req2/— a loud knocking or rapping sound.reqifandin (bireqifine) vt line up, arrange in a row.reqifand? adj arranged, in a line or row. ~ b?n vi line up, be lined up. reqisandin (bireqis?ne) vt make(sb) dance, reqis?n (bireqise) vi dance, req?n/rattle; clatter; clop-clop, clip-clop, reqs/A dance, resen see wens, res?l rn A prophet (sent by God), re? m,adj black, - bun vi turn black. - girêdan vt go into morning. ~ kirin vt blacken.re?ah?1 / land; continent; a black spot. re?ah?2/ blackness.re?andin (bire??ne) vt 1 rake, strafe (withgunfire). 2sprinkle, scatter, strew, re?a?e / machine gun, sten gun. re?ay? see re?ah?. re?baz n piebald.re?belek/letter; note written down on a paper.re?b?n adj pessimistic. -?/pessimism, re?e m scarecrow.Re?e?ne/ February, re?e?k /sprinkle (of ram), le?ik'/am? pupil (of eye). re?ik2 n (a) Black, (a) Negro, re??/ 1 darkness, blackness. 2 smudge, black spot, re?mal / black tent, re?pel see re?belek, re?re?k/caraway seeds, (winigella sativa; black cumin.re??sip? adj black and white, re?utar? adj pitch-black; pitch-dark, rev /1 flight, escape, desertion. 2 race, run. revandin (birev?ne) vt kidnap, help or let(sb) escape, cause tsb/stli) togoaway. revde n herd (of wild animals), revend see ko?er. revihan see rev?n. rêving see rêw?.rev?n (bireve) vi 1 run. 2 jê ~ a) escape; desert; run away from. Ew ji girt?gehê rev?ya. He escaped from the prison, b) jê ~ get out of, avoid, shirk, rev?yan see rev?n. revoke adj fugitive, truant.revrevik,revrevk / mirage. rewa1 adj suitable; worthy of; befitting. ~ ditin vt regard (sth) as being fitting for (sb). Vêya ji min re - nebine. Don’t deem me worthy of this. rewa2/dampness, damp, humidity, rewal m young man. rewan see rehwan.rewêjek/(carpenter’s) plane; grater. ~ kirin vt grate, plane, rewerde/sculpture, statue, rewêrtin vt shape (sth) by cutting it; chisel; sculpt.rewi??/peculiarity, special feature, characteristic; behaviour, lewitandin (birewitine) vt shed leaves or fruits, cause (sb/sth) to shed leaves, fruits or money.rewiti adj (person) who has lost all then- money, (plant) which has shed all leaves or fruits,rewitin (birewite) vi (leaves or fruits) shed, (person) lose all their money, rewjok see rewêjek. rewneq see ronahi.rew?' / state, condition, situation, circumstances. ~a awarte/state of exception. rew?2 / ornament, decoration. rew?en adj clear, bright. rew?enb?r n intellectual, enlightened person. rew?en?/light, day light; clarity, brightness, rewt / thin stake or pole (to hit the branches of trees so that they shed fruits), rewtar/ behaviour. rex1 m side, edge. ~ê avê shore, coast, bank, ii ~(ê) near, nearby, on the edge of. rex2 f chess rook.rexanrex adv all around, all along, rexhev adv side by side, next to, lying near to, adjacent, rexki adv sideways.rexne/criticism. ~ kirin vt criticize. - lê girtin v/ criticize (sfc/sth). ~ li xwe girtinvr criticize (os).rexnegir n critic. ~i/criticism, -in adj critical, rexrexk? see rexki.rext m cartridge belt; bandoleer. ~ girêdan vt put on a cartridge belt, reyahin see rihan.reyhan see rihan. reyin (bireye) vi bark, bay. rez m vineyard; orchard, rezaqi m a large, sweet, white grape. Rezber / September, rez?l adj A disgraceful, scandalous, awful. ~ bun vi be disgraced. ~ kirin vt disgrace, rê m 1 way, road; access, route. 2 means, method. 3 possibility, bi ~ de/ve on the way. bi ~ ve/va birin vt carry out, carry on, perform. - birin vt stop, waylay, bi ~ ve ??n vi walk. ~ dan vt 1 allow, give the opportunity to, make way for. 2 show. ~ ditin vt find a way. Rê jê re tune. There is no way, it is impossible, bi ~ ketin vt set out. bi ~ kirin vt 1 send. 2 see off. ~ ni?an dan vt guide (sb), give directions. ~ li ber girtin vt stop, prevent. ~ pan vt wait, expect. ~(ya xwe) pê xisfin vt call in on, stop by to see, ~ vekirin vt open a way. (bi/di) riya xwe de ??n vi go on one’s way. ji ~ derkefin vt deviate, go astray, ji - derxistin vt mislead, lead astray. rê(ya yeki) pê ketin vi happen to pass (a place), an?n - vt make (sb) see reason; bring (sb) round (to another’s point of view). ~ya kad?zê /astr the Milky Way. rêba/ air, weather, rêbar n passenger, rêbaz1 / programme. rêbaz2/way through, passage, procedure. Rêbenan / month (21st December to 20th January).Rêbendan / February, rêber n guide. ~i/ti/guidance, guiding, being a guide. ~? kirin vt guide, rêbir n bandit, brigand, rêbiwar n passer-by. rê?/1 track, trace. 2 footpath. ~ ajotin vt pursuit, follow, rê?bir n brigand, robber, rê?b?r?n/ waylaying, rê?enas n guide, rê?e?op / document, rê?ger? / research, investigation, rêgik n footpath, rêder / outlet, exit, rêga see rêgeh.rêgeh/road, route.rêgihan/ junction, crossroads, intersection, régir n brigand, bandit. ~?/t? / banditry, brigandage, rêhber see rêber.rêhesin/railway. ~a binerdê/underground.rêheval n comrade.rêjandin see rij andin.rêjav / waterfall.rêjavgeh / mouth of river.rêk adj arranged, regular, in good order.rêk?pêk adj (bi) ~ 1 in order, orderly,regular, tidy. 2 mature; reliable; sound.rêl / wood, grove.rêne n toil, labour; trouble, sorrow, pain, difficulty, inconvenience, -ber n 1 farmhand or unskilled construction worker. 2 farmer.rênedan /prevention, hindering, blocking. rê ne dan vt prevent, hinder, block, rêniv?s/spelling, orthography, ren??andar n guide, leader, rêgan?/ waiting, expectation. ~(ya yeki/ fi?teki) kirin vt wait, expect, rêrast adj direct, rês m wool.rêsandin (birês?ne) vt knit, dam, braid, plait, resi m twisted hay-bale, rêstin (birêse) vt spin, re? see r??.rêtandin see rijandin.rêfin1 (birêje) vt pour.rêtin2 (bi rêje) vt defecate, empty the bowels.rêvebirin /execution, carrying out. (bi)rê ve birin vt carry on, perform; apply;put a law into force.rêv/ mat pudenda (vulva)rêvin adj dirty.rêving n passenger, -if travel, journey. rêv?1 m fox, zool Vulpes. rêv?2 m anat intestine. ~yê baday? ileum. ~yê bir?? jeujunum. ~yê daw?n rectum. ~yê kor cecum, blind gut. -yê st?r large small intestine. ~yê zêde appendix. ~yê zirav small intestine, rêw? n traveller, passenger, -t?/ travel; travelling, rêw?ng see rêw?. rêx/dung.rêxistin / organization, rêz/bne, row; class. - b?n vi be arranged in an order, line up. - girtin vt stand in attention in order to show respect. ~ kirin,kirin ~ê vt fine up, arrange (things) in a row or series ; putin order, fist, ketin ~ê vi line up.rêzan n consultant, adviser, rêzan?/politics.rêzdar1 adj 1 gram regular. 2 (sth) which conforms to a rule or rules. rêzdar2 adj esteemed, respected. -? / esteem, respect, rêze/series, -niv?sar series.rêzek ? list.rêzen n brigand, robber.rêzik/1 (writing) line. 2 custom, method, rule.rêziman/grammar. ~i adj grammatical.rêzkar?/discipline.rêzname/(written) regulations; schedule.rib m (a) quarter,ribab / three-stringed musical instrument.ribês/ a variety of rhubarb, bot Rheum. ribek/(a) quarter. ribik,ribikek see ribek- rica / A request, (ji yek?) ~ kirin vt request (sth) of (sb). ricif / shiver. R~ ket canê min. I am shivering (due to cold, etc), ricifandin (biririfrne) vr cause (sb) to shiver, ricifin (biricife) vi shiver, ricimandin (biricim?ne) vt stone (sb) to death; curse, damn, ricric? adj trembling, shaky, ricric?n (biricrice) vi shiver, tremble, ri? see reh.rih/ beard. ~ berdan vt grow a beard, rib see ruh. riha zer / curcuma, rihan/sweet basil, bot Ocimum basilicum. rihet adj A 1 easy. 2 comfortable, relaxed. 3 untroubled ~ b?n vi 1 recover, get better. 2 be/become easy. - kirin vt 1 cure. 2 make easier. - sekin?n vi stand or sit still; behave (os), rihnay? see ronah?. rihn? see ron?. rihtin merttin.rijandin (birij?ne) vflet flow, spill, pour, av ~ vf urinate, make water, rijav/mouth (of a river), rij?n (birije) vi 1 he spilled, be poured, flow. 2 (stêrk) ~ vi (for a shooting star) fall, rik f 1 nerve, anger, irritation. 2 obstinacy, stubbornness. ~ kirin vt be stubborn. -dar adj stubborn; nervous. ~?(t?) / obstinacy, stubbornness. ~o/sar adj 1 stubborn, obstinate. 2 vindictive, nursing a grudge.rikat/yt a series of ritual movements and prayers which form a part of nimêj. rike,rikew / cage, rikêb / stirrup.rikêv / aggression, attack. - kirin vt attack, assault.rikrik?n (birikrike ) vi diranên rneriv- (teeth) be gnashed (by cold, etc), rim m lance, spear, -baz n lancer, -dar adj armed with a spear, rind adj good, well; beautiful, nice. -i/ goodness; beauty.ringandin (biring?ne) vf shatter, clink, ringin' (biringe) vi shatter, clink.,ringin1,ringini/a crashing, smashing or shattering noise, rip /trick.risil / built-in cupboard, risim m A photograph, picture, drawing, illustration, painting. - ?êkirin vf draw, illustrate, paint. - ki?andin vf photograph, take a picture, risq see rizq.rist/1 order; row; line; series. 2 necklace. 3 chain.ristandin (biris(ine) vf line up, arrange in a row or series; string (beads), riste/ sentence, line, -sazi/ syntax, ristik/necklace, ristin (birêse) vf spin, riswa adj disgraceful, ri?m/halter (for a horse, etc), ri?me see ri?m. ri?te n home-made macaroni, riteb A see xurme.ritimandin (biritim?ne) vf plug, clog, congest; fill up.ritim?n (biritime) vt be plugged, beclogged; be filled up. riv?n / flame, riz / rice.rizandin (biriz?ne) vf make (sth) decay, rizgang see rizgank. rizgank/fennel, bot Foeniculum vulgare, rizgar adj liberated. - b?n vi be liberated. - kirin vf liberate, rizgar?/ liberation, being liberated, rizinde/hinge.riz?n (birize) vi be decayed, be rotten. riz(?)yay? adj decayed, rotten, rizq m A 1 (one’s) daily bread food. 2 daily bread as given by God. ri/beard. - berdan vt grow a beard, let (one’s) beard grow. ~(ya xwe) kur/jê kirin vf have a shave, shave, -dirêj adj long-bearded, -sipi adj old man, elder in a community; white-bearded, ri?al m syrupy jam, preserves or marmelade, rifq see nermayl. rih see ri. rik/sand, rin see ritin. rip/trick.riqqet see dilnermi.ris in,adj wool; woolen.risin adj woolen.r?? / oriental sore; boil.ri?e /radicel, rootlet.ritin (biri) vf defecate, empty the bowels.ritol m rag.rivin(i)/flame.rix see rex.ro see roj.roava see rojava.robar m river.rodik see rovi. rodi see rêv?. rohelat see rojhilat. rohiiat see rojhilat. rohnayi see ronayi. rohni see roni.roj/1 sun. 2 day. - ??n ava vi (sun) set. - hilatin vf(sun) rise. - ba?! Good morning! Good day! -a din the other day. - bi -,- ji - day by day. her - every day. -ekê beri -ekê adv as soon as possible, rojan? advj daily; daily wage.rojava m West, rojbend / solar system, rojb?n / birthday, rojen / sky-light, rojev / agenda, rojgêran / planet, rojg?ran / solar eclipse, rojhelaf see rojhilat. rojhilat m 1 East; orient. 2 dawn, sunrise. R~a Dür the Far East. R~a Nav?n the Middle East. R~a Nêz?k the Near East, rojhilati adj Eastern, oriental, rojhilatnas n orientalist, roj? / fast (a religion exercise); fast. ~ girtin vt fast. ~(ya xwe) xwarin vt break (one’s) fast (at an improper time), bi ~ fasting. rojin(g) / chimney.rojname/ newspaper, -firo? n newsagent; newsboy. ~ger?/journalism. -van n journalist. ~van? /journalism, rojn?sk/diary, rol fFr role, part.Rom n Ottoman empire. ~? n,adj Ottoman; Turkish, roman fFr novel.Romanya f Romania.romiz? / daily wage.rom?1 adj treacherous, backstabbing.rom?2 see Rom.ron1 adj dilute, runny. ~ kirin vt dilute. ron2 see r?n.ron3 fadj light; clear, bright, ronah?/light, day light, brightness, -kirin /enlightenment, illumination, clarification. - kirin vt enlighten, illuminate, ronak adj 1 bright, luminous. 2 enlightened. -b?r n enlightened person, intellectual. -b?ri/ intelligentsia, being an intellectual, -f?/brightness, ronavêj / projector, flash, spotlight, searchlight, ronay? see ronah?. rondik/tear (from eyes), ron? adj.f clear, bright, luminous; light, day light. ?avê te - be. Congratulations, ronkay?/light, ro?ah?/festival, festivity, rotir/ the day after.rov?1 see r?v?1._ Al A Alrovi see ruvi . roz P see roj. rub m A soul, spirit.Ruha/a Krd city (Urfa in Turkish), rubber n,adj living creature, living being; living, alive.Ruhist?n m Azrael. rukn A m basis, ruswa adj disgraceful. ru§wet/A bribe, bribery. - dan vt bribe. - stendin/xwarin vt take a bribe, -xur n,adj venal, (person) taking a bribe. rux,ruxsar see r?.r? m 1 anat face 2 face, surface. - dan vt indulge, be indulgent to. - girtin/stendi n vt be indulged by. ~(yê yek?) neman vi feel ashamed (to see people). ~(yê xwe) tir? kirin vt get a sour look on one’s face. - bi - adv face to face. - bi ~ b?n vi meet face to face. - bi - kirin vt have (people) confront each other, r?berk/mask, r?bês/ rhubarb, r?biken adj smiling, merry, r?birfin (r?bire) vt plane, r??ik m 1 face. 2 special feature, peculiarity, characteristic.r??ikandin (bir??ik?ne) vt pluck (a chicken, etc); pull out, tear out (hair); pull up (a plant), r?dan/ happening, occurrence, r?dem? adj current, present r?ge? adj merry, cheerful. -? / merriment, cheerfulness, bi -? adv merrily, cheerfully.r?ken adj cheerful, smiling, r?ke?/plating, coating, r?kirin (r?(bi)ke) vt 1 pour, spill. 2 sew a decorative cloth over the top side of a quilt, etc.r?mase / table-cloth, r?met / respect, honour, good name, -bilind adj estimable, worthy of esteem, -bilind?/estimableness, r?n m oil; fat; grease; margarine, -é n?vi?k butter. - lê kirin vt oil, lubricate, grease.r?nbire?k/frying-pan, frypan.r?ndank / oilcan, r?ni?tek/seat; bench (in a park, etc), r?ni?tevan n resident. ~?/residence. r?ni?tgeh/dwelling, place of residence, r?ni?timan see r?ni?tevan. r?n??tin (r?ne) vt 1 sit down, sit. 2 live, dwell (in a place). 3 be seated, be placed, r?ni?t? adj sitting; (sb) who dwells in; seated, placed, r?ni?tvan see r?ni?tevan. r?niv?n / bedspread, r?npêj / frying-pan, frypan. r?pel ot page, -raxistin vt print make up, lay out.r?pelraxer n page maker, compositor, r?pi?t m lining (tailor), r?qermi?? adj (old person) wrinkledfaced.r?re? adj (sb) who has (sth) tobe ashamed for, disgraced. ~ derxistin vt shame or embarrass sb greatly by discrediting them. -if disgrace, disgraceful situation. R?s n Russian. ~i n,adj Russian, r?s see t?j.r?sar adj cold, frosty, unfriendly, r?sip? adj acquitted. ~ b?n vi be acquitted, be cleared of responsibility. ~ kirin vt acquit, clear (sb) of responsibility, r??u?t? adj shameless, brazen faced, r?t adj naked (tree, man); penniless. - b?n vi become naked, be/become penniless. ~ kirin vt 1 undress, sere xwe ~ kirin vt shave the head. 2 rob r?tandin (bir?t?ne) vt see r?t kirin, r?tir? adj, n sullen-faced; sullen-faced person, sullen face, r?t?alya adj stark naked, r?t?taz? adj stark naked, r?v/pudenda (vulva). r?v?1 m fox.r?v?2 m anat intestine. ~yê baday? ileum, ~yê bir??jeujunum. ~yê daw?n rectum. ~yê kor cecum, blind gut. ~yê st?r large intestine. ~yê zêde appendix. ~yê zirav small intestine, r?wek / plant.r?wik?n (bir?wike) vi leaf out, green, turn green.r?xandin (bir?xlne) vt demolish, ruin, annihilate, destroy. r?xo? adj kind. r?xwe? adj kind.s/the 22nd letter of the Kurdish alphabet.sa‘/shade, shadow.. sa2 adj clear, pellucid. ~h?/y?fadj pellucidity, clearness; (weather) clear, cloudless.sab/fear. ~(a xwe) girtin vt gain courage, sab?n f A soap. ~ kirin vt soap, sa?me / Tr small shot, sade adj simple, plain, unadorned. ~ kirin vt 1 cause (sth) to become simple or plain. 2 simplify, purify. ~t? / simplicity, plainness, sagf see seet.saf adj 1 pure. 2 ingenuous, guileless, safdil adj naive. ~?/naivety. saf?1 adj pure, unadulterated. - b?n vi be solved, be completed. ~ kirin vt solve, settle, ji hev ~ b?n vi settle up (with sb). saf?2/l pureness, purity. 2 naivety, gullibility.saft? see saf?2, sahir^sah?r see sêrbaz. sako m coat.sakol m young, inexperienced person, sal/year. ~ bi ser de ??n vi (years) pass (after an event), dan nav -an vt grow old, age. -a bê/tê next year, -a bor?/?? last year. Sala N? New Year, salane adv annually, yearly, n 1 year book, annual. 2 yearly salary, rent, etc. salan?1 adj annual, yearly. salan?2/ yearly salary, yearly rent, yearly fee.salbihur? adj elderly, aged, old. salep/orchis, salik see rêw?.salim adj A sound, healthy; safe, secure, salix/ news; information. - dan vt inform. ~(ên yek?) hilan?n,- (ji yek?) stendin vt hear from (sb), get word of (sb). sail adj annual, yearly, ?end - how old. yek ~ one-year-old. Tu ?end - y?? How old are you? salk? adj annual, yearly, salname / calendar.salon fFr 1 living room, sitting room. 2 large room (for meetings, conferences, etc), salox see salix. saloxdan / definition.salroj / date, sal?s see ?al?s. salveger / anniversary, salwext/ yearly rent. saman1 / property, wealth, -dar adj wealthy. saman2/health, sane/cell, sanik/pot.san?ye f A second (in time), sap m stem, stalk (of plants), saq? A n cup-bearer, sar adj 1 cold. 2 cold, frosty, unfriendly. - b?n vi get cold, cool, jê - b?n vi lose one’s enthusiasm for. - kirin vt cool. S~ e. It is cold. Min - e. I feel cold, sarinCjSaring/cistern (for drinking water), sarincok/fridge, refrigerator, sar? / 1 the period just before dawn. 2 frostiness, unfriendliness, sarker / fridge, refrigerator. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image37.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image37.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET sarogermo adj lukewarm, slightly warm.sarsarok / merry-go-round, carousel.sar?germ see sarogermo.safil / bucket.savar see sawar.saw fear.sawar/ boiled and pounded wheat or its dish.saw?r / fear.sax' adj 1 alive, living. 2 healthy. - b?n vi live, be alive. ~?/ health. sax2/shore, coast, bank, saxl?kirin / inspection, examination. saxt?(ya yek?/ti?iek?) kirin vt inspect, examine.saye/I shadow; shade. 2 protection, bi saya (yek?) under the protection of (sb). di saya (yek?) de under the protection of (sb).saz1 adj 1 established, setup, formed. 2 in order, orderly; arranged. 3 in tune. -b?n vi be established, be set up, be formed. ~ kirin vt 1 establish, set up, form. 2 arrange. 3 tune (a musical instrument).saz2/stringed musical instrument, -bend n person who plays a musical instrument, player.-saz3 suff maker, doer, sazber n founder; charter member, sazende'/institution, association, foundation.sazende2 see sazbend. saz?/see sazende.saz?man / order, the social order, system, se m dog. ~yê avê beaver, seb / cause, reason. Seba ?i? Why? What for? -a w? because of him or his mistake, for him. Ez -a te hatim. I came for you. Sebat see Sibatsebr /A patience. - kirin vt be patient, sed rn,adj (one) hundred, ji —? per cent, ji -? pêne 5 per cent, -an/em/emin adj hundredth.sedef m mother-of-pearl, nacre, -adiran enamel.sedem/cause, reason, sedeqe f A alms. - dan vt give alms to (sb). - stendin vt get alms, sed?sed adv ji sed? sed one hundred per cent, sedsal / century.seet/A 1 hour. 2 watch, clock. - badan vt wind a watch. S- ?end e? What time is it? S- di ?endan de? At what time? S~ pêne e. It is 5 o’clock, -a destan watch, -a d?wêr wall clock, -?êker maker or repairer of clocks or watches, sefaret f A embassy, sef/rank, line, row. sefer f A 1 journey, voyage. 2 (mil) campaign; military expedition; war. -ber mobilized, -ber? mobilization for war. seferi adj pertaining to a journey; on a journey; expeditionary. sefik1 adj stupid, foolish. sefik2/strainer, sef? n early-born lamb or kid. sefir nA 1 ambassador. 2 envoy, seg m dog.segav n beaver, zool Castor fiber.segman m foot-soldier, infantryman, infantry. ~ên sivik light infantry, seh n 1 sense. 2 intuition. - kirin vt understand intuitively, sense, feel, sehal adj quiet, still, calm, sehet/A health. S~ be! Good health! (to sb who had a bath, shave, etc). S- xwe?! Good health! (to sb who is singing), sehol / ice.Seholbendan/ December, sehrebaz see sêrbaz. sek see seg.sekem / influenza, grippe, flu. sekihin (bisekihe) vi (teeth) be set on edge, sekinandin (bisekinine) vt stop (sth/ sb).sek(i)n / stop, stopping; pause, sekingeh / station.sekinin (bisekine) vi stop; stand; await; calm (os), ji yeki re - vi be at (sb’s) disposal, li bende (yeki) sekinin viwait for (sb). li ser - vi give (a matter) a lot of thought or attention, sekman n sharpshooter, marksman, -dar n sharpshooter, marksman, -dari/ being a sharpshooter, marksmaaship. seknok/(bus) stop; station, sekreter nFrsecretary. -é gi?t? secretary general.sela fA prayer recited before reciting the ezan; call, selab see silab. selc A see berf. selexane / slaughterhouse, selik/basket. selmiyan seesermiyan. semanek n zool pheasant, semawer m Russian samovar, seme adj mad.semen n cumin, bot Cuminum cyminum. semyan / majesty, sene m thorn.sened/A document as a proof of business transaction, promissory note, seng m stone, -tera? n stonecutter, senhef see sinhet. senifandin (bisenifine) vt classify, sepand? m sheep-dog.Sept fA Saturday.segandin (b?seq?ne) vt sharpen, whet, grind.seqem / dry cold, frostiness.seqet adj A having a defect in a part ofone’s body, defective.seq?m see nexwe?.ser1 m 1 anat head. 2 leader, head, chief. 3 beginning. ~ê xwe ?u?tin vt take a bath. -é xwe tewandin vt bow, bow to sth. ~ê yek? e?andin vt give a headache (to), annoy by talking, ketin ~ê yek? vi understand, agree with. ~ê yek? xwarin vt be the cause of (sb’s) death or suffering. Serê te sax be. May your life be spared (expression of condolence). ~ê yek? kirin belayê vt bring trouble to (sb). ser2 n the place over or above (sth/sb). li ~ prep on, over, di ~ re over, from the top, from above, li ~ seran with pleasure. li ~ sere me over us. bi ~ de ??n vt overflow, boil over, bi ~ de hatin vt come while (sb) is doing (sth). bi - ve damn vt add (to), bi - xwe ve hatin vt recover, ??n ~ heq?ya xwe vt die. hatin ~ xwe vt recover, become well again. ~ daw?yê adv at last. ~ dev adv face down, prone. ~ dev ? r? see - dev. ~ê sale m New Year’s Day. ~ê s?bê n,adv early morning, serafP building housing the government offices of a locality; palace, serab /mirage.serad/rimmed sieve with coarse meshes. ~ kirin vt sieve.seranser adv from end to end, entirely, all along.scrape adj from top to bottom, from head to foot, throughout, seraser see seranser. serast1 adj arranged, fixed, in order, orderly. ~ kirin vt arrange, fix, putin order; correct.serast2 adv directly, straight on. serav/first watering. - kirin vt water for the first time.seray / P building housing the government offices of a locality; palace, serbajar m capital (city), serban m roof.serbaz n milit 1 soldier. 2 officer.serberday? adj untended, roaming free, serberjêr adv upside down, head down; downwards. ~ b?n vt go down/downwards. serberjor adv upwards. - b?n vi go up/ upwards.serberz1 n mil (a) private, soldier. serberz2 adj eminent, excellent, proud serbest adj free. ~ b?n vi be free, become free. ~ kirin vt set free, serbesti / freedom, serbe?/chapter, serbijêr see serberjêr. serbijor see serberjor, serbilind adj dignified, honourable. -?/ dignity, honour', serbiser adv at par.serbixwe adj independent. ~ b?n vi be/ become independent, -b?n/independence, serb ori / experience. ser?av m face, ~ ?u?tin vt wash the face. Ser ?ava(n)! With pleasure! ser?erm ? skinhead, ser?in?ika guh f anat helix, ser?ok/atwr patella, ser ?ongan adv on one’s knees, serd P sar.serdagirtin/unexpected attack, raid, serda j? adv furthermore, in addition, serdan / visit, -van n visitor, serdanpê adv from top to bottom, throughout.serdar n leader; commander, serdem / age, period. serderi1 n lintel. serderi2 n yoke.serdest adj sovereign, dominant.serdeste n milit corporal.serdest? /1 sovereignty, dominance. 2success.ser dev adv facedown, prone, ser dev ? r? see ser dev. sere / ransom, serecem/content; contents, seredan see serdan. serefraz see serfiraz. serejêr see serberjêr. serejor see serberjor. serek n chief, leader, -dewlet head of slate, president, -komar president (of arepublic). ~wezfr prime minister. ~t? / leadership.sereke adj major; notable; main, serenav m gram proper noun, sereta n 1 preface, foreword. 2 head, chief. 3 vanguard. 4 principle, serevraz n upward slope; rise, seri? / headache.serf fA spending (money). ~ kirin vt spend, serfermandar n commander-in-chief, serfiraz adj successful; victorious, -b?n vi triumph, win a victory; be successful. -if success; victory, serger m flat place on the top of a mountain. sergerde1 n superior; boss; (milit) major. sergerde2 n ring leader (of sth unlawful), bandit chief.sergerm adj drunk. ~i / drunkenness, sergêj adj confused, -if confusion, sergirt? adj 1 covered. 2 indirect, sergin m dry dung.sergo^sergu m midden, rubbish heap, dung heap, serhat? see serbor?. serhed / frontier.serheng n milit lieutenant colonel, colonel; commander.serhev adj tidy, in order, orderly, well- organized.ser hev adv in rapid succession, one right after the other; one on the other, dan ~ vt save up.serhevd?/(li yek?) kirin dan sere yek? vt remind (sb) reproachfully (of a kindness done to him), rub in (a favour done to sb). ser hevdu see ser hev. serhê?k n angler, zool Lophius piscatorious.serhiidan / rebellion, revolt, uprising, serhilde n rebel.serhi?k adj stubborn. ~? / stubbornness, serhosfe n foreman, head workman, seridandin (biserid?ne) vt sift, sieve, serid? adj 1 sifted. 2 in the ear, with the ears developed (wheat, barley, etc), ?eridin (biseride) vi 1 be sifted. 2 come into ears, develop ears, serine/note. ~ girtin vt make notes. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image38.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image38.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ser?1.por7. poz2.gni8. lêvajor?n3.cên?k9. lêvajêr?n4.bin10. ?ene5.bijank11. guh6.?av12, dêm, lam, gepser? 1 m anat head. 2 end, extremity, tip. 3 ear (of grain), spike. ~ dan vt come into ear. ~ danin vt a) yield, give in, surrender. b) die. - hildan vt rebel, uprise. ~ lê dan vt apply to. ~ lê xistin vt a) visit (sb). b) apply to. ~ kur kirin vt have a haircut, cut hair, an?n ~ vt cause (sth) to happen to (sb). hatin - vi happen to (sb), experience. he§ hatin ~ vi come to one’s senses, he? ji ~ ??n vi be beside (os), faint, kirin/xistin ~ vt make (sb) understand (sth), teach, ser?hildan see serhiidan ser?hilde see serhilde. serin / cushion.seripepik n offal (used as food), serjêr see serberjer. serjêxane / slaughter house, serjimar see serjimêr?. serjimêr? /census, serjinik adj hen-pecked (husband), serjinu / anat patella, kneecap, serjor see serberjor. serkan?/1 springhead, fountainhead. 2 written source (of information), serkar n superintendent; manager,director, serkarker n supervisor.serkeftin see serketin. serketin / success, triumph, (bi) ser ketin vi succeed, accomplish, serket? adj successful, serkevtin see serketin. serke? adj.n unruly, refractory, rebellious; rebel. ~?/unruliness. serkil m dung (of a donkey), serkirdayet?/administrativecouncil. ~ya ?ore?e revolutionary council, serkol see serqot.serle?ker n commander. ~? / commandership, command post, serliq n mint captain, serma/cold. ~ girtin vt catch cold. Sermaw?z /November, sermed,sermed? A see ebed?, ser m emik m amt nipple, sermest adj drunk, tipsy. sern?il1 m cape (article of clothing); stole. sermil2/?!?/ shoulder. serm?yan1 m capital (money or property). ~ê esl?/herdem?fixed capital, -é gerok?/z?virok? floating capital. serm?yan2 n head of the family, head, serm?yandar / capitalist, semaine see serniv?sar. sernerm adj compliant, docile. ~?/com- pliance, docility.sernex?nrsern?x?n adj upside down. serniv?s1/one’s fate, destiny. serniv?s2/title, headline; heading, serniv?sar/editorial, leading article, serniv?skar n editor, editorial writer, sernizm adj humiliated. -?/humiliation. sern??e/newspaper headline, serobin adj upside down, serobin? adv ~ hev b?n vi be in a mess, be ruined, be upside down. ~ hev kirin vi turn upside down; mess up; ruin, serobino adv ~ b?n vi be/become upside down. ~ kirin vt turn upside down, serok n leader, -at?/ leadership, serpence see sertil?. se rpe re?trserperi?? n manager, administrator, supervisor.serpe / dish made of boiled sheep’ s head and trotters.ser pê adv on one’s feet, rab?n - vi stand up.serpêhat?/1 event; experience; adventure. 2 story,ser pi?te adv on one’s back.serpi?tk? (swimming) on one’s back.serp? m amt shoulder.serpo?.serp?? 1 m fur cap, calpac. 2/veil.serqot adj bare-headed.serra see serre.serrast see serast12.serre adv from the top, from above.serr?k/veil.sersal/New Year’s Day. S~a we p?roz be! Happy New Year! sersax?/condolence, sersemer n mil captain. -? / captaincy, captainship.serseri adj,n vagabond, vagrant; vagrant, tramp.sersip? adj white-haired, sers?ng f miat bosom, sers?r adj astonished, bewildered. ~ b?n vi be astonished, be bewildered. - kirin vi astonish, bewilder, ser?are see tij?. ser?ok/ bathtub, bathroom, ser?u?tin / bath.ser??r n swordfish, zool Xiphias gladius.serta? n barber.sertil?/amt fingertip.ser?ber m dimensions.ser?ber?/I tidiness; order. 2 discipline.ser?bin m top and bottom.ser??av see sergav.ser?pê see serpê.serve/plus sign.serw / cypress, hot Cupressus.serwer see serwêr.serwext adj informed, having knowledge about. ~ b?n vi understand, be informed. ~ kirin vt inform (sb of sth). serwêr n 1 advance courier; avantgardist. 2 lord, master. -? / being an advance courier or avant-gardist, ser xwe adj li ~ healthy, (old but) still vigorous, rab?n ~ vi 1 revolt, rebel. 2 stand up, rise to one’s feet, serxweb?n /independence, serxwerab?n / rebellion, uprising. serxwe? adj,n drunk. - ketin vi becomedrunk. ~ kirin vt cause (sb) to get drunk, make (sb) drunk, serxwe??' / drunkenness. serxwe??2 / condolence. ~ dan vt pay a visit of condolence.serzik m anat upper abdomen, ser zik adj,adv face down, prone, pronely, seth A see r?. set?l see s?til. setrene m chess, seva see seba. sewa see seba.sewab A n, adj 1 (Islam) action which is not obligatory, but meritorious, good deed. 2 right, true. sewal/A question. ~ kirin vt ask. sewax/plaster (used for coating walls, etc). ~ kirin vt plaster, coat (sth) with plaster, -van n plasterer, sewgend see sond. sew?l m earthenware water jug. sews adj stupefied, dazed, sew if voice.sewz m,adj green, -ay?/greenery, sewze m greens, vegetable, -firo?/t greengrocer.sewz?/greens, vegetables, sexel n young animal, sexik adj naive, gullible. ~(t)?/naivety, gullibility.sexil n young animal, sexim see zexm.sexte adj false, fake, spurious, -kar ? forger, falsifier, faker, -kari / forgery, falsification, -kar? kirin vt forge, falsify, fake up.sextiyan m Morocco leather, seyandin (bisey?ne) vt plaster, coat (sth) with plaster, seyand? adj plastered, seyanker n plasterer, seyar adj A portable, movable; mobile, seyare /A car.seyd A / hunt, hunting, chase, ??n ~ê vi hunt, -van n hunter, huntsman, -vani / huntsmanship, hunting, seyda n master, savant, seyf see havin.seyid n A sayyid, person who is a de-scendant of the Prophet Mohammed, seylak/sand. seyqel see siqal. seyr see ser.seyran/outing, picnic. - kirin vt go for an outing, -geh / beauty spot, promenade, place for strolling, -ger n tripper, picnicker, seyt see nav?deng. seyyad A see nêgirvan. seyyar see seyar.seza'/I shame, disgrace. 2 recompense, punishment, sentence. - dan/kirin vt punish.seza2 adj deserving of, worthy of; suitable, appropriate, proper, -yi (fi?teki) b?n vi deserve, be worthy of, be apropriate for. ~(y? yek?/ti?tek?) ditin v? deem worthy or suitable of, find (sth/sb) apropriate enough for (to), s? m,adj three, -yem/yemin adj third, sêbaz / (sports) hop, skip and jump, sêbelg/ clover, trefoil, bot Irifolium. sêdar/I tripod. 2 gallows (used for hanging), sêgah / a concept of melodic creation, sêgav / (sports) hop, skip and jump, sêguh / triangle, seg??e / triangle.sêhr1 / magic, witchcraft, -baz n magician. sehr2 adj (a tree) which won’t bear fruit! sêkuj / triangle.sei /sheet iron (used for baking bread, etc), sêlak/ sand, sêlax / sand.sêle m flat stone used as griddle, sêlik/ record, phonograph record, sêlim/stairs, ladder, sêmeh? f,adv,adj quarterly; three-month-old, sene / hedge or fence (made of brush), sên? / tray.Sega see sêpê.sêpêySêp?/1 gallows (used for hanging criminals). 2 end table; coffee table. 3 easel. 4 tripod.sêr1 / watching, looking at. - kirin vt watch, look at.sêr2/ magic, witchcraft, -baz n magician, sêreng adj tricoloured.Se?em/Tuesday.Se?emb / Tuesday, sêtêlk / fork, sêv / apple, sêvanok / mushroom, sêvax?n / Jerusalem artichoke, bot Helianthus tuberosus. sêvik/head (of a bone), sêw? n, adj orphan, -xane / orphanage, sêzde m,adj thirteen, sêzdeh m,adj thirteen. ~an/em/em?n n, adj thirteenth.Sibat/ February.sibe adv tomorrow, du ~ the day after tomorrow.sibe(h)/morning. serê sibê/sibehê early morning, vê sibê/sibehê this morning, sibehê adv tomorrow; in the morning, sibeh?n? adv in the morning, sibetir /the day after tomorrow. sibê1 adv tomorrow. S~ were. Come tomorrow.sibê2 adv in the morning, sibêz? adv early morning. sicade/A prayer rug. sidaq see qeien. sidq A see rast?, sif adv only, just sifar see sifir2, sifir1/A zero. sifir2 m copper.sifre/A table cloth, table (with meal on it).sifteh/first sale of the day. siftê adv first, sih see S?. sihet see sehet.S?hor?k n squirrel, zool Sciurus. sihtin see sotin. sihwan see s?wan.sil adj cowardly, pusillanimous, silab / greeting. ~ dan/lê kirin vt greet (sb). ~(a yeki) gir tin vt greet (sb) in return. ~ ?andin vt send (one’s) regards/hello. silamet/A safety; salvation, silav see silab. sileh m A weapon, aim. silf m bayonet silim /stairs, ladder, silman n,adj (a) Muslim; Islamic. ~ti /being a Muslim; the Islamic faith, Islam, siloberben / swimming, silq / beet hot Beta vulgaris. ~a sor beetroot. ~a ?ekir sugar beet, silqok/spinach.silsile/A 1 series, chain.2(mountain) range. 3 lineage, ancestry, line of descent, sil?k/cell.sim m hoof, -dar adj hoofed, simaq/sumac(h), bot Rhus, simarte n emery, kaxeza ~ emery-paper, sandpaper.simbêl m mat moustache. ~ badan vt twist one’s moustache. - berdan vt grow a moustache. ~boq (sb) who has a long, thick moustache.simbil m ear (of grain), spikq^-^?0? simêl see simbêl. simêlboq see simbêlboq. simil see simbil. simolek ? squirrcll, zool Sciurus. simtin (bisim?ne) vt make a hole (in), pierce, bore.sinbêlok/ bellflower, bot Campanula, sinbil / hyacinth.sine/oleaster, wild olive, bot Elaegrus angustifolia.sincirandin (bisincir?ne) vt heat sincir? adj heated, sincir?n (bisincire) vi be heated, sincoq/a sweet confection made of nuts coated with a rubbery paste made of grape molasses, sin?? see sine.sindan /1 anat anvil, stirrup. 2 anvil.sindoq/box.sinfet see sinhetsinet see sunet.sing m stake, pale. ~ kutan vt hammer ina stake.sinhet m A craft; art sinif/A class; classroom, sin?/large, round tray, siparte / person or thing entrusted to another’s safekeeping, sipartin (bisigêre) vt 1 entrust (sth) to (sb). 2 lean (sth) against, xwe ~ vt entrust (os) to (sb), take refuge; lean against sipas/thank. S~! Thanks! ~ kirin vt thank.S-? xwe?! Not at all! You’re welcome!, sipasdar adj thankful, grateful, sipaskar see sipasdar. sipeh? adj pretty, nice, beautiful, spêde^g?de / twilight, sipih see S?p?. sipil f mat spleen, sipindar see sip?ndar. sip?1 m, adj white. ~ bfln vi get white. ~ kirin vt whiten, bleach, ~yê girf? m, adj light grey.sip?2 / louse, zool Pediculus. ~ ketin (yek?/ti?tek?) vi become lousy, get infected with lice.sip?3/-ya hêkê egg white, albumen, sip?ndar/poplar, bot Populus. sip?t?/whiteness.sir1/.4 secret. -? adj secret, confidential. sir2 see sur. sirb m lead.S?ri?k see hêsir. sirnie see kil.sirsirk n Oriental cockroach, blackbeetle, zool Blatta orientalis. sir?d /mu.? march, sise nuadj three, -yan n,adj third, sist adj loose, lax, slack. ~ b?n vi get loose, get slack, become lax. ~ kirin v? weaken, loosen, sisti /looseness. sitar1/ refuge, shelter. sitar2 see perde.sitare / canvas edging a bed on the roof of a house to provide protection against wind.sitayi?i/praise. ~ kirin vt praise, sitewr see slewr.silirandin (bisitir?ne) vt protect, give refuge, shelter, sitir? see stir?.sidr?n (bisitire) vi take refuge, take shelter, sitran ‘/song. ~ên cejnê feast-day songs. ~ên ev?n? love songs, -en zarokan child songs.sitran2 (bistirê) vt sing, silranbêj n singer. -? / singing, being a professional singer, sit?n m pillar; post, sind/A luck.sive see sibe. sivê see sibê.sivik adj light. - kirin vt lighten, reduce the weight of. sivikah? see sivikay?. sivikay?/lightness; slightness; ease, siv?l n,adj civilian, siv?nek/eaves (of a house), sivnik/ broom.siwar n,adj horseman; mounted, riding on a horseback. - bun vi board, mount, ride, get on. - kirin vt see (sb) aboard, put (sb) on, make (sb) mount. -? / horsemanship, horse-riding, bi ~? on horse back, siwêda see gurgik. six adj hard, violent, severe, sixte see sexte. siyanet see parastin. siyar see siwar. siyele/ spinach.s?1 m,adj thirty, -yem/yem?n thirtieth. s?2/shadow, shade; shading, di bin ~ya under the protection of. s?dar adj,f shady, shaded; shady spot, arbour, bower. s?h1 see s?1. s?h2 see s?2.s?le/slap, cuff. - avêtin vt slap, cuff. - lê xistin vt slap, cuff, s?lebend see s?ngebend. s?ieh m A weapon, arm. s?lik/sand. s?ls?le see silsile, s?m m 1 silver. 2 silver thread, s?ne P see sing.sing / mat thorax, chest. ~ di ~ de milit face to face. - di - de ?er Jtirin vt fight face to face, s?ngar / ginger.s?ngebend n shoulder-belt; bandoleer, s?nor m border, frontier. s?nus/Fr anat sinus, -a cên?kê spheroidal sinus, -a gn?yê frontal sinus, s?pe m adolescent, s?pelk/ mat lungs, s?por fFr sports.s?qal /polish. - kirin vt polish, -kir? adj polished, s?qalk/ vulture.stewrs?r / garlic, bot Allium sativum.sir at A see rê.sirdim m wild garlic.sirik/chive.sirim/variety of garlic.sirimok/ variety of garlic.sirkut m wooden pestle (for poundinggarlic).sisalik see sisark. sisark n vulture, sisik m,adj white.sistem fFr system. ~a komari republican system, sitil / cauldron, sivan see siwan. sivonek/eaves (of a house). siwan1 / umbrella.siwan2 / parachute, -van / parachutist;paratrooper, -vani/being a parachutistor paratrooper; parachuting.s?x(ik) m skewer; thorn.sixur1 n spy.sixur2 n porcupine.siyar see si war.siyaset f A politics; policy.siyas? adj A political.sobayi / swimming.sobe1/stove (for heating).sobe2/swimming, -kari/swim, swimming. ~ kirin vt swim, sofi n,adj A (sb) who is strictly conforms to the laws or principles of his religion; mystic dervish, sohtin see sotin.sol/shoe, shoes. ~ kirin pê vt put on (one’s) shoes. - ji pê kirin,- derx?stin vt take off (one’s) shoes.-?eker n shoemaker, so??n n flower-field.sond / oath. - xwarin vt swear to the truth of, take an oath, sondname / affidavit, sondxwari adj under oath, sor m, adj red. - bun vi 1 turn red, redden. 2 be fried be roasted - kirin vt 1 fry, roast. 2 make (sth) red.Soran n a Kurd speaking Soran?. Soran? / a Kurdish dialect spoken in South Kurdistan, sore adj reddish, sorgul/red rose.sorik n measles. - derxistin vt develop/ have measles.sor?n n a Red or American Indian, Indian, red.sorkelem/red cabbage.sorsorik1 / poppy, hot Papaver rhoeas.sorsorik2/mat gullet, oesophagus.sosin/iris, bot Iris.sosinzambak/ lily-sosret n,adj strange, curious (person).sotebar adj burning, caustic.sotik m piece of burning wood.sofin (bisoje) vt burn; brand.sove see sobe.sovekar? see sobekari.sowe see sobe.Sowyet / Soviet. Yek?t?ya S~an the Soviet Union.soz/promise. - dan vt promise, make/ give a promise. ~(a xwe) xwarin vf break a promise, li ser -a xwe man vf keep/carry out a promise, spartin see sipartin. spehi see sipehi. spêde / twihghL sp? see sipi. sp??k/ match, sp??ke see sp??k. spide see spêde. sp?ka ?av / anat vitreous body, spindar/poplar, bot Populus, spiyaw / talcum, sfandin (bistine) see stendin. stawi adj barren, sterile, unproductive. Sfembol /Istanbul, stendin (bistine) vf get, receive, take, stewl/stable (for horses), stewr n barren goat.steyrik see stêr.stêr/star. S-abakurNorthStar, Polar?s. -ezan n astrologer, -ezan?/ astrology, sfêrik see stêr. stêrk see stêr. stirandin see sitirandin. stir? m thorn, stir?n see sitir?n. sdro m horn, sto see st?. stol / fleet, str? see stir?. stu see st?.stubend / muffler, scarf worn around the neck.st? m anal neck, -kur/collar. -xwar adj destitute; unhappy, sorrowful, st?n / column, -a pi§tê vertebral column, spinal column, st?r adj thick, suede fA prayer rug. suhtin see sotin. sülale f A family, line, sulêmanê dunikul n hoopoe, zool Upupa egos.sulman see misulman. sumbul/hyacinth, bot Hyacinthus. sunet1/^ ritual circumcision. - kirin vt circumcise. ~?? n circumciser. sunet1 / A the Sunna (the sayings anddoing of the Prophet Mohammed, which form a basis for much of Islamic laws), sur/breeze.sureh? m decanter, carafe, jug.surx P see sor.suwar see siwar.suxre / drudgery, angary.suxte' n student (at a theological school).suxte2 see ?ewit?.s?1 see s?d.s?2: - ketin vi be/get offended, s?c m fault, guilt.s?d / advantage, benefit, use. ~ (Jê) girtin vi benefit from, profit from, s?k m A shopping centre, s?lav/waterfall, sun see s?ün. s?pa fmilit army. s?rav(k)/ brine, s?ret see wêne.S?r?/Syria.s?s / bot licorice, liquorice, s?tal n vagrant, vagabond, tramp, süte n vagrant, vagabond, tramp, s?tin (bis?) v/1 sharpen, whet, grind. 2 burn, s?war see siwar.aSwêd / Sweden. ~? Swedish, a Swede, swêsne see sosin. sw?nd see sond. sw?rav(k) brine.?/the 23? d letter of the Kurdish alphabet.?a adj gay, glad, joyful, happy, cheerful. - bun vi rejoice, be/ become glad, be/become happy, pê ~ b?n vi rejoice at/ovcr sth. - kirin vt please, make (sb) happy, ?aba? int often as appeal for largesse, especially in wedding festivities ?aba? ji Hesen re (?aba?)! Long live Hesen! / gift; tip.?ab?n?/ amusement, entertainment; joy, rejoicing.?ad see ?a. ~?/joy, gladness, cheerfulness, happiness, ?adan see ?a. ?ad?man see ?a. ?af n alum.?afir m sparsely vegetated plain, steppe, ?af? n,adj A Islam a Shafi’i; Shafi’i. ?agirt n 1 student, pupil; disciple. 2 novice, apprentice.?ah m 1 Shah. 2 chess King, -band / queen, -dot/princess, shah’s daughter. -?/Shahdom. ?ahbaz n falcon, zool Falco, ?aheng/queen bee.?ah?1 /I joy, gladness, cheerfulness. 2 feast, festival. ?ah?2 see ?ah. ?ah?baz see ?ahbaz, ?ah?n see ?ahbaz, ?ahmar m dragon, ?ahra/ artery, ?ahre/highway.?al m 1 traditional Krd trousers. ~ ? ?apik trousers and jacket, Kurdish suit, 2 shawl. ?al?! int I hope, I wish, ?alok/harvester’s sickle. ?al?(l) n bee eater.?al?s n.adj flatterer, apple polisher, toady, ?al?s?/toadying, fawning; flattery, buttering up.?am/Damascus. ~? adj of Damascus.?am see êvar.?amik/parsley.?am? n turkey.?an '/mole, beauty spot.?an2/sign. ~? (yekt) kirin/dan vr show(sth) to (sb). ?andin (bi??ne) vt send, ?and? n messenger, representative. ?ane1/cell. ?ane2 see ?e.?ane3 / cell in a honeycomb, ?anik/ small spot speck, freckle, ?an? see ?an2.?ano/theatre. ~ya bêdeng pantomime, -ger?/theatre, -van n actor, actress, ?ans /Fr luck, chance. ~(a yek?) heb?n vt (sb) be lucky, ?anzde see ?azdeh. ?anzdeh see ?azdeh. ?apat m time, v? ~? adv nowadays, recently, ?ape/avalanche, ?apik m Krd jacket.?aq?l/marble, small ball of glass, clay, etc. ?ar1 / a long strip of material worn by women round the head. ?ar2 m P city, -edar n mayor, -edar? / city hall, mayoralty. ?areder/exile, banishment. - bun vi go into exile. - kirin vr exile. -? / exile, banishment, ?areza see ?ehreza. ?argeh / shelter, ?aristan?yet / civilization, ?a? adj 1 cross-eyed. 2 confused, astonished. 3 wrong. - b?n vi be confused. - kirin vf confuse. - man vi be amazed at, be astonished at. ?a?ik/ turban.?a?it?/mistake, - kirin vt make a mistake, ?a??/1 being cross-eyed. 2 confusion. 3 mistake.?a?may? adj confused, astonished, ?atir n friend; comrade, ?ava? see ?aba?.?ax m branch. - berdan vt 1 shoot out branches. 2 spread. ?ax?sar see ?ax. ?ayeste P see layiq. ?ayi see ?ah?. ?azde see ?azdeh.?azdeh m, adj sixteen, -an/em/em?n n,adj sixteenth.?e m comb. - kirin vt comb. ~yê dest ana t metacarpal bones.?eb see ?ev. ?ebe? m watermelon, ?eb?h see wek. ?ebnem fP dew. ?ecaet A see mêrxas?. ?ecer A see dar. ?eftele see ?iftel?. ?ef?el? see ?iftel?. ?eh m comb. ~ kirin vt comb, ?ehad n A witness, ?ehbelot see ?ehbel?t. ?ehbel?t n chestnut, ?eh?d n A martyr. ~ b?n/ketin vi die/be a martyr. ~ kirin vt martyr. ~?/ martyrdom, ?ehni??n /balcony.?ehreza adj civilized; well-informed; proficient; expert, ?ehr? P see bajari. ?ek1 / beating (with a stick). ?ek2 see ?ik. ?ekal / worn-out shoes, ?ekir m sugar, -ê h?r granulated sugar. ~ê kabik? lump sugar, cube sugar, -dank/sugar bowl, sugar basin, ?ekok/wild pear, hot Pyrus pyraster. ?el see ?il.?elaf n flatterer, apple polisher. -?/flattery, buttering up. ~? kirin vt flatter, butter (sb) up. ?elaq m whip, ?elbik see ?erbik. ?elmaq see ??maq. ?elo see ?el?.?elwer m baggy trousers, shalwar. ?em see find, ?emamok see ?imamok. ?emaq see ??maq. ?embel?t,?embelot /chestnut, ?emedan m nylon.?emi see ?em?.?emitandin (bi?emil?ne) vt slide, skid, cause (sb/sth) to slip, ?ernifin (bi?emite) vi slide, slip, skid, ?emitok? adj slippery, sbek.?em?/Saturday.?ems/A sun; sunlight. -?ye/umbrella, ?ene m rake, - kirin vt rake, ?eng adj happy, merry, ?engeb? / weeping willow.?en gêl / terebinth. ?epal1/lioness.?epal1 adj nice, beautiful, handsome.?eperze see ?erpeze.?epirze see ?erpeze.?epel? adj (weather) rainy.?eq' farnt leg.?eq2/~ - a sharp cracking or slapping sound. ?eqam'/ slap, cuff. ?eqam2/(wide) street. ?eqitandin (bi?eqit?ne) vt (jê) - skin (sth) off; peel off, strip off. ?eqif?n (bi?eqi te) vi be skinned, be peeled off.?eqi??a n domain, estate, ?er m war, battle; fight, -(e yek?/fi?tek?) kirin vt fight (sb/sth). ?erab /A wine.?erbet/A drink made with sugar and fruit juice or water.?erbik m small earthenware water jug. ?ereff A honour, -(a yek?) an?n perak? vt touch sb’s self-esteem, wound sb’s pride, disgrace, -nak adj honourable, ?ergah see ?ergeh. ?ergeh / battle field, ?erje kirin vt slaughter, butcher. ?erjexane / slaughter-house, ?erkar n combatant, fighter, warrior, ?erker see ?erkar.?erm/shame; shyness; modesty, - kirin vt be ashamed, be shy. ?ermende adj ashamed, shy. - b?n vt feel ashamed, be embarrassed. ~t? / embarrassment, shyness, ?ermezar adj ashamed. -?/shame, ?erm?nok n mimosa, bot Mimosa pudica. ?eroy? see ?er?d.?erpeze adj destitute. ~t?/ destitution, ?erragirtin/armistice, tmee, cease-fire, ?ert m A condition.?er?d adj quarrelsome, brawling, bellicose, combative, ?er?de adj shy. ?er?t see ?er?d.?e? m,adj six. -an/em/em?n adj sixth, ?e?ar / revolver, pistol, ?e?derb/revolver, pistol. ?e?qirax n hexagon.?et m river.?ev / night, -a ??/??n?/??y? last night. ~a bere the night before. ?~ ba?/xwe?! Goodnight! ?~atebim?nexwe?! (while leaving) Good night!, ?evbehn/stock, gilly flower, bot Matthiola. ?evberk/passing the night, ?evbiherk see ?evberk. ?evbihur?n see ?evberk. ?evere?/dark night, ?evger n sleep-walker, somnambulist. -? / sleep-walking, som-nambulism. ?evge? n morning-glory, ?ev?n adj of the night, ?evnem/ dew. ?evre?/ dark night.?evrev?nk n bat, flittermouse, zool Chiropler. ?ewat/l burning. 2 path inflammation. ?ewender n beet.?ewi?? adj upset, greatly weakened. ?ewit/fuel.?ewitandin (bi?ewit?ne) vt burn.?ewit? adj burnt burned.?ewit?n (bi?ewite) vi burn, be burnt.?ewk m fishing line.?ewl /light.?ewq//l light.?exs ??A person, individual. ~? adj personal, ?eylo see ?el?.?eytan m A Satan, the Devil, ?eytanok n 1 zool snail; slug. 2 amt cochlea. ?eyx?xe A see pirejin. ?e m,adj 1 bright black, chestnut. 2 chestnut (horse), ?ebnem / dew.?ekir/gratitude, thankfulness. ~ kirin vt give thanks to, be thankful, -if gratitude, thankfulness. ~?(ya xwe) pê an?n vt feel grateful for, give thanks to. ?el/manner of conduct way of behaving, behaviour, attitude, ?elandin (bi?el?ne) vt exploit; rob. ?elanker n exploiter.§êlav n pancreas.?elim n turnip, bot Brassica.?el? adj turbid, murk, not clear.?elo see ?el?.?el? see ?el?.?en1 adj 1 merry, cheerful, happy. 2 developed, prosperous. ~ bun vi (place) be developed, be well populated and prosperous. ~ kirin vt develop (a place), make a place well-populated and prosperous. ?en2/power, might, strength, ?gnay?/greenness, green, ?en?/l population; people. 2 happiness, cheerfulness.?er m 1 lion, zool Panthera leo, Felis leo. 2 brave person.?er an? / sweetness; sweet desserts, ?erin adj sweet; pleasant, li ber dil(ê yeki) - bun vi be/standhigh in sb's favour, ?er?nmeh /honeymoon, ?est nadj sixty, -an/en?/em?n adj sixtieth, ?ef adj mad.?ewe/l form, shape. 2 method, manner, appearance, dialect. ?ewirdar n counsellor, adviser. ?ewir?n (bi?ewire) vi (pê) ~ consult (with sb about sth), ask (sb’s) advice. ?êx m head of agroup of dervishes, Sheikh, Sheik. ~?/t?/status of ?ex, being a ?ex. ?ibake/window.?ibandin (bi?ib?ne) vt liken, mistake (sb/sth) for (sb/sth else), ?ibdar adj similar, ??bdar?/similarity, resemblance, ?ibihandin (bi?ibih?ne) see ?ibandin. ?ib?n’ (bi?ibe) vi resemble, look like, seem like.?ib?n2/similarity, resemblance, ?idandin (bi?id?ne) vt squeeze, tighten, xwe - smarten (os) up, tidy (os) up. ?id?n (bi?ide) vi be squeezed, be tightened, ?ifa / A recovery of one’s health. ~bex? adj healing, curative, health-giving. ?ifaq/A dawn, morning twilight, ?ifer n Fr driver, ?iftel?/ peach, ?ihjin see ??jin.?ik/doubt, suspicion. ~ kirin vi suspect, doubt. - birin ser (yek?) vt suspect (sb). kefin ~ê vi get suspicious. (Qef) ~ tune certainly, undoubtedly, -dar adj suspicious, sceptical, arousing suspicion, ?ikandin (bi?ikene,bi?ik?ne) vt break, dilê yek? - vt hurt (sb’s) feeling, ?ikeft/cave, cavern.?ikeli / coming of a great quantity of water in a place (street, etc), flood, ?ikenandin (bi?ik?ne,bi?iken?ne) see ?ikandin.?ikeva adj nanê ~ bread baked on an iron sheet in very thin sheets, ?ikestin (bi?ik?,bi?ike) W he broken, break, ?ikest? adj broken, ?ikenandin see ?ikandin. ?ikenin see ?ikestin. ?iker m rock.?il adj wet; damp. ~ b?n vi get wet. ~ kirin v? wet, dampen, bin xwe ~ kirinvi wet one’s underclothes or bed. ?ilek n,adj flatterer; (sb) who butters up people, ?ilel m rye. ?ilf m bayonet.?il?/wetness, dampness; rainy (weather).?iloke adj (weather) rainy.?ilope/sleet, a mixture of rain and snow.?ilopilo adj sopping wet, soaking wet.?ilor/plum.?ima/wax.?imadan / candle-stick, ?iman?ok f muskmelon. ?imik/slippers, ?imitandin see ?emitandin. ?imit?n see ?emit?n. ?imitoki see ?emitok?. ?inge?ing/ rattle, clink, ?ing?n? / rattle, clink, kirin ~ vi rattle, clink. ~ jê hatin vi rattle, clink, ?ipir/.e see ?erpeze. ?ip(?)ya adv standing, on one’s feet. ~ sekinin vi stand up. -k? adv standing, on one’s feet.?iqitandin see ?eqitandin. ?iqü?n see ?eqit?n.?ir/~(e)~ splashing sound of flowing water, ?irez see ??rez. ?irik/ trough, gutter, ?ir?k n A partner, -at?/partnership, ?iringe/h syringe, ?ir?t f A ribbon; band; strip, ?itil ? 1 sapling, young tree. 2 young plant. 3 seedling.?itilandin (bi?itii?ne) vt plant (a seedling, young tree, etc).?iv/wand, rod. -ere m path, trail, track, ?ivan n shepherd, -if occupation of a shepherd, ?ivtel? see ?iftel?. ?iw?t/ fennel.?ixul m work. - kirin vt work. ?ixulandin (bi?ixul?ne) vt 1 operate, use. 2 employ. ?ixui?n (bi?ixule) vi work, ?iyandin see ?andin. ?iyar adj 1 awake, wakeful. 2 alert, watchful. - bun vi wake, awaken, waken. ~ kirin v/ waken, wake (sb) up. ??ba see ronahi,??kirin/enlightenment, explanation, ?? kirin vt explain.?il / split, slit, crack. - avêtin vt crack, split. ??lan(k)/dog rose, hot Rosa canina. ??laq/dried rheum round the eye, crust. ??maq/a slap on the face. - lê xistin vt slap. ??n1 m, adj 1 blue. 2 green (of nature). - b?n vi green, turn green. - hatin vi sprout, (plants) grow. ??n2 see ?w?n2.??nok/nettle tree, honeyberry, hot Celtis australis, ??p/ waterfall, ??pa ne / threshold. ??qaq A see dubendi. ??r m milk. ~ê dêya yeki di poz re an?n vt make (sb) sorry he has born. - dan vt suckle, nurse, breast feed, ??ret/advicc. - (lê) kirin vt advise, give (sb) advice, -van n adviser, counsellor.??rez/gum, natural resin, gum resin, ??rfiro? n milkman.??rgerm adj tepid, lukewarm, -i adj tepid, lukewarm.??rhelal adj trust-worthy, ?irik/sap, juice, ??r?n see ?er?n.?irket f A company, firm, corporation. ??rmaq / a slap on the face. - kirin vt slap. - lê xistin vt slap, ??rmej n suckling; tot; baby, ??rmij see ??rmej.??rove / explanation, interpretation. - kirin vt interpret, explain, ??r??rok / sun spurge, hot Euphorbiahelioscopia.???/1 skewer; spit. 2 knitting needle, ?tta see zivisfan.??v/dinner. - xwarin vt have a dinner. ??wen see ?w?n2.??wet / pronunciation. ~ kirin vt pronounce.?kandin (bi?k?ne) see ?ikandin.?keft see ?ikeft.?kestin see ?ikeslin.?kevik n (earthenware) pot.?ker/heap of stones, etc.?kevlatok n tortoise.?k?n see ?ikestin.?okirin/marriage, ?o kirin vt marry, ?ol n 1 problem, matter. 2 condition. 3 work, ?onik see ??nik-?op/trail, track, footprint, trace. - ajotin vt trail, follow, ?opajo n follower, pursuer, ?opajotin / pursuit.?opandin (bi?op?ne) vt 1 follow. 2 watch, observe.?op??y?n / pursuit, ?ogger n researcher, investigator, ?opger?n / research, investigation. ?oqe m Russian hat. ?oqil m broad bean, horse bean. ?or1 adj salty. ~ b?n vi be/become salty. ~ kirin vt salt, make salty. ?or2/word. ~ kirin vt talk. ~a xwe kirin yek vt agree to tell the same story or act in the same way. ?orav / salt-water, ?oray?/salinity, ?orbav see ?orbe. ?orbe / soup.?orbebirinc/watery, mushy food (made of rice).?orbe??r / a rice pudding, ?oreb? / weeping willow, bot Salix babylonica. ?ore? / revolution.?ore?ger n,adj revolutionary, -if being a revolutionary, revolutionism, ?ore?van n,adj revolutionary. ~?/being a revolutionary, revolutionism, ?orgerm? / chat, friendly conversation, ?o? int Whoa! (used for ordering a don-key to stop), ?o?b?n see birazava.?ov / fallow. ?ox adj elegant, ?oyar n washer.?texilandin (bi?texil?ne) vt get (sb) to talk, make (sb) talk. ?texil?n (bi?texile) vi talk, ?tiyar adj uncovered, ?ur see ?ir. ?urik see ?irik-?ur?n / sound of flowing water, ?u?lin (bi?o) vt wash. ?uxul see ?ixul. ??jin/packing needle, ??l n roe-deer.??n / trace; place, ketin ~ê vi take the place of. kirin/xistin -é vt replace, ??nda see ??nde.??nde (bi ??n de) adv back, backward, backwards. ~ ??n vi withdraw, turn back, go back, recede, move backward. - ki?andin vt draw (sth) back. ~ ki??n vi withdraw, recede. - vegenn vi turn back. - hafin vi come back, ??nik m a wooden tool to beat clothes while washing.??nmaye m remnant, remainder; legacy, heritage.??nva see ??nde. ??nve see ??nde.??nwar* m statue. ??nwar2 m residence, dwelling, ??r m sword; sabre, -baz n fencer, -baz? / fencing, -ke? n swordsman, -k??? / swordsmanship, ???e / bottle, ???fin see ?u?fin.??t adj bare, naked, uncovered. ~? alya stark naked. ~? taz? adj stark naked, ??f? m watermelon.??v / fallow land, land that has been fallowed and left uncultivated. ??x adj elegant; coquettish. - ? ?eng? / elegance.?wi?fin see ?u?lin. ?w?n‘ see ??n. ?w?n2/ mourning. ?w?r see ??r. ?w?v see ??v.t/the 24th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.ta‘/temperature, fever, -girtin vthaveatemperature/fever.bi -yê ketin vi have a fever. ~ germ / high fever. ~w? n,adj (person) who has malaria, malarial.ta2 prep to; until; as far as. ~ êvarê until evening. ~ Mêrd?nê as far as Mêrcfin. ~ ko/ku until; as long as. Ta ku ew were. Until he comes. ta1 m thread.ta2 m fold, du ~ kirin vt bend, fold, tab /1 work, labour. 2 trouble, pain. tab?t/A coffin.tac/crown. ~a diran dent crown, -egul/wreath, garland.tacik/plate.Tac?k n Tajik.tad efadj 1 torture; cruelty; injustice. - lê batin vi be tormented. ~ lê kirin vt torment, torture. 2 difficulty, hardship; difficult, hard.tagir n supporter. ~? / support. ~?(ya yek?) kirin vt support, tahl adj bitter. ~?/ bitterness, tahn/push. ~ dan vt push, tahsildar n P tax collector, taht m rock, tahz? see taz?. tair see teyr. taj? m greyhound, tal see tahl.talan m loot, looting, pillage, plunder. ~ bun vi be looted. ~ kirin vt loot, plunder, pillage.talankar,talankerti pillager, plunderer,looter.talde / shelter.lalebexl adj unlucky, -if unlucki-ness. tal? see tahl?.tal?/ the end. ~yê finally. ~(ya fi?teki) batin vt come to an end. taloq / postponement. ~ b?n vi be postponed. ~ kirin vt postpone, taluke/A danger.tam fA taste, flavour. ~ ??irin vt taste, -dar adj tasty, tasteful, -dan/ tastefulness, tamandin (bitam?ne) vt 1 graft. 2 taste.180ta vile tame see xwarin1.tamijandin (bitamij?ne) vt make (sb) captivated with (sth), captivate, tamij? adj captivated, tamij?n (bitamije) vi be captivated, tam?r fA repair, fixing, mending, repairing.bun vi be repaired, be fixed. - kirin vt repair, fix, mend, -xane / repair shop, tamsar adj unpleasant, boring; naughty. ~?/unpleasantness; naughtiness. ~? kirin vt behave unpleasantly.tamfitk/ snack. tamxwe? adj tasty, sweet, tang/direction.tank,tanq / mil tank, -?iken / antitank (weapon).tap?/7V title deed, deed. - kirin vt issue or get a title deed.taq / hole, a hole in a wall (sometimes serving as a window); niche in a wall used as a shelf, tarêstevan? / spinning, tar/hoop, rim. tar see tar?. tarem see gzman.tar? fadj the dark, darkness; dark, without light. - bun vt be/become/get dark.kirin vt darken. - ketin erdê vi get dark, rengên - dark colours, di ~yê de in the dark, in the darkness, di ~yê de man vi be caught in the darkness, tar?perest n,adj obscurantist, obscurant. -? / obscurantism.tarix f A 1 history. 2 date, tar?mar adj in disarray; routed. - kirin vt disarray; make a mess off; rout, tarx?n/tarragon, bot artemisia dracunculus. tas / metal bowl, porringer, -a ser? 1 crown of the head. 2 parietal bone, ta?te/breakfast. - kirin vt have a breakfast. - xwarin vt have a breakfast, tat m rock.tav1/ light, sunlight. - lê xistin vt be exposed to sunlight. - li ser? xistin vt have a sunstroke, li ber -é in the sun. -a heyvê moonlight, -bir/sunshade. -geh /sunny place. tav2/(short) downpour, tavilêadv right away, at once, immediately.ta wan’m gui 11. ~ba r/da r/ka r n, adj gu 11 ty(person), -barkir? n,adj (person) under sentence, convict; convicted. tawan2 see hêz. tawe / frying pan.taw?s n leyrê ~ m peacock, teyra - / peafowl, zjool Pavo.tax/neighbourhood, district, quarter (in a city or town), taxe see tax.taxim m Tr 1 group, team, crew (of pco- pie). 2 set (of things), taxme/line, level (to which sth is adjusted). taxok,taxurk,tax?rk/s!edge, sleigh; ski. taybetifiadj peculiarity, special feature, characteristic; special, particular, certain. bi ~ adv especially, particularly, nave ~ proper noun, taybetmendi / peculiarity, special feature, characteristic. taz?1 n Arab.taz?2 adj naked, bare, nude. ~ kirin vf 1 undress. 2 rob (sb or a place) of valuables, strip, x we - kirin vf strip off one’s clothes. ~ti/nakedness, taziye /A condolence, te pers/poss pron, poss adj you, your, a/ê/ ên ~ yours, mala ~ your home. Te ew ?ikenand. You broke it. teb1 see xfr. teb2 see ta1, leba n (wild) animal, teba see leva. tebaq/A plate.tebat/patience, - kirin vf be patient, bear, tebafi gram passive.Tebax / August.tebax(?e) /plate.tebiti adj quiet, calm, peaceful.tebitin (bitebite) vi be/become calm.teda see tade,tedarik/ preparing, preparation. ~(ên xwe) kirin v/ get ready, get prepared; prepare, teebandin (biteebine) vt tire, teebin (biteebe) vi get tired, teenni see hedi. tee??iq see evin.tefandin (bitef?ne) v? extinguish, put out (fire, light), wipe out (a family, etc).tefin (bitefe) vi be put out, (a family) be wiped out. tef?o m adze, tef?? see tef?o.tehb/1 work, labour. 2 trouble, pain, tehesandin (bitehesine) vf slide (sth). tehesin (bitehese) vi slip, tehessir see kovan3, tehewwil see veger. tehewwir see hers, tehil see tehl. tehi see vala. tehji n zool greyhound, tehl adj bitter. ~i / bitterness, tehr m way, manner; kind, sort; form, bi vi —i in this way, like this, tej/a pilcless carpet, teji see tiji. tsj? n zool greyhound, teknik / Fr tehchnique, tek?z see têk?z. teknoloji/Fr technology, tel / li -a yeki ketin vi be annoyed/ bothered.telaq mA divorce (word formerly used by the husband to declare divorcing the wife), telde see talde.telef n A loss of life; being wasted; wasting away. ~ kirin vf kill; waist away; cause (sh/sth) to waste away, telefon / Fr telephone, phone. - kirin vf telephone, phone, call, ring, li -e ketin vi (telephone bell) ring. teleks/Lftelex. -?andin/ki?andin vf telex, tele-ragihandin / telecommunication, teles see sermest. telewizyon fFr television, telgiraf / Fr telegraph; telegram. - ?andin/ki?andin vf telegraph, send a telegraph.telin (bitele) vi crouch down (in order not to be seen), telis m sack, tellal see xunav. temam adj complete, finished, temar adj.f groggy, logy (from sleep); grogginess, loginess. tema?e/view?ng, contemplating, - kirin vf view, contemplate, -van n viewer,onlooker, spectator, tema??r / P chalk, temb?l / a string iastrument. temen m age, years (of a person), ?emirandin (bitemir?ne) vt cover fire with ash, smother, extinguish, temir?n (bitemire) vi (a fire) be smothered, be covered.teml/advice, counsel. ~ kirin vt advise (sb) to do (sth). tems?k/ plate, ten m body.tena1 adj alone, bi ~ xwe by oneself, -hi / loneliness.tena2 adv standing up. - sekinin vi stand up. teneik/ saucepot, slewpot. ten elm see fal. tendurist? /health, tend?r see ten?r. tend?rek/volcano, teneke /1 tin, tin plate. 2 large can, tenê adv, adj alone, just, only. Ez bi - me. I am alone. Min - ew d?t. I only saw him. Ew zarokek? bi ~ ye. He is an only child. T~ li min guhdar? bike. Just listen to me! Tu bi - nikan? wê rak?. You can’t lift it alone. - b?n vi be alone. Tu ne ~ y?. You are not alone. - hi?tin vt leave (sb) alone, ne - not only, ne -... her weha/wisa not only ... but. tenêb?n/isolation, solitude, loneliness, tenêt? see tenêb?n.teng adj narrow, tight. - b?n vi shrink, get narrow, get light, cih lê - b?n vi be in a difficult situation, dest ~ b?n vi be in financial difficulties. ~ kirin vt make narrower, narrow; make tighter, teng' adj soft. teng2/level.teng3 / side, li -a prep with; alongside, alongside of. tengal / side.tengas? / difficulty, need, di ~yê de in difficulty, tengav / narrow.tengay? / narrowness, tightness; need, difficulty, tengena see teng. tengezar adj poor.?engij?n (bitengije) vi be engrossed in (thought, etc).tengiz?n (bitengize) see tengij?n. teng? see tengay?.tenha adj,adv lonely, isolated (place); on one’s own, alone.tenik adj thin; fine; light, -ay?/thinness; fineness; lightness.teni?t/side, the place near to or next to. di -a ti?tek?/yek? de beside (sb/sth). -a dest/side of the hand, -hev adj next (to one another), joining, ten? / soot, lamp black, tennaz see nazdar. ten?r /oven made in a hole in the earth, oven.tenya see tenê.tep1/tap. —a dil/palpitation. tep2/cunning, cunning action, tepel n summit.tepik1 / round-shaped, dried cow dung. tepik2: -a ser? / anat top of the head. tepik3/a light tap.teq /shooting sound, beating orhitting sound.teqandin (biteq?ne) vt 1 blow up, explode, fire a weapon. 2 cause (sth) to burst open.teqaw?t adj A retired. - kirin vt retire (sb). teqet /A strength. ~ neman vi have no strength left, be exhausted, teqez adv certainly, teqil /1 weight, heaviness. 2 balance. teq?n1 (biteqe) vi 1 explode, burst, blow up. 2 be burst open. teq?n2 / explosion.teql?d A f trying to act like, imitating, aping.teqreq/ noise, teqs?/Fr taxi, cab.teqs?r kirin vi withhold (usu in neg form).teqteqok / popgun.ter adj fresh, green (wood, vegetables, etc. as opposed to dried), teral adj lazy.tera?tin (biterê§e) vt 1 shave, cut (hair). 2shape (sth) by cutting it; chisel, hew, whittle, dress (stone).teraw?h/ A the supererogatory prayerperformed in the month of Remezan.terb?ye f A good manners, manners.tereq? n nectarine.teres m bastard, pimp.terextor/Tr tractor.tere??n see tera?tin.terh see p?tan.terik1 m 1 green stick.terik2 m beating, dan ber ~an vi give(sb) a beating,terik3 m vulg penis.terikandin (biterik?ne) vt leave, abandon; give up. Min cixare terikand. Igave up smoking.terikandin (biterik?ne) vt cause (sth) to chap or crack.terik? adj chapped, cracked, terik?n (biterike) vi chap, crack, ter? / tail.teriq/A (sufism) path, way of life.ter?qet/A tariqa, Sufi patl?, dervish order.terk / A abandonment, leaving; givingup. -(a fi?teki) dan w leave, -(afi?teki)kirin vt leave, give up.terk/crack, chap. ~ lê ketin vi crack, split.term n corpse, body.term / nightmare.terqandin see teqandin.terqiz?n (biterqi ze) vi clear out, go away.Biterqize! Get out!terrar see mêrkuj.ter? n domestic animai, stock. ~dar n stockbreeder. ~dar? / stockbreeding; cattle-dealing, terx adj flawless, terzi n P tailor.tesadüf f A chance event, happenstance, coincidence.tesd?q/A certification (of a document); ratification; authorization, approval, tesella see teselli.tesel?/ A consolation, comfort, solace. ? kirin vt console, comfort, give (sb) consolation.tes?r/A effect, influence, tesl?m ?Al delivery, handing over. 2 submission, surrender. ~ bun vi submit, surrender. ~ kirin vt deliver.tesm? see temsik.te?e m shape, form, forma tioa ~yê civak- abori socio-economic formation, te?? / hand-spindle. ~ rêstin/badan vt spin. te??res(i)k f Egyptian vulture,Pharaoh’s chicken, te?k n thigh.te?n m manner; sort; style, te?ne P see t?.te?qele / trouble, turmoil. - derxistin vr make trouble, te?t/ trough (for dough, etc). te?xele see te?qele.Teter n Tatar, Tartar, tev adv 1 together, with. 2 ~(a/?) w? were Come with him, ~ dan vt stir; move (sth). xwe ~ dan vt move. ~ ger?n vi move, act.teva adv together, with. ~ ku conj although, despite. T~ ku min ew ned?t, ez ??m wir. I went there, despite I didn’t see him.tevahev adj together; mixed. - b?n vi mix, be mixed; be together. - kirin vt mix; mess.tevah?/entirety, whole, all. tevay? see tevah?. tevb?n / togetherness, tevdan?/wholesale, (bi) - adv by wholesale, (bi) ~ firotin vt sell by wholesale, tevde adv,/together; all, the whole. Tevda wan hatin. They all came. T~ werin. Come together.tevger/ movement. Tevgera RizgariyaKurdistanê the Liberation Movement of Kurdistan.tevhev adj mixed; together. ~ kirin vt mix. ~?/ medley, mixture; togetherness, tevir/hoe; mattock. ~ kirin vt hoe. tevizandin (biteviz?ne) v< make numb, feviz? adj numb, teviz?n (bitevize) vi get numb. tev?1 adj with. - (fi?teki) b?n vi be mixed with (sth).tev?2 adv ~ ko/ku although, despite, T~ ku ez nexwe?im, ez ê herim. I will go, although I am ill.tevihev adj together; mixed. ~ b?n vi be mixed; be together. ~ kirin vt mix; mess.tevj?y?n / coexistence; living together, tevkar n partner; colleague. ~?/cooperation, tevku?iin / genocide, tevlihev adj tangled, mixed, complicated. - bun vi be/become mixed, be/become complicated. ~ kirin vt mix; complicate, tevlihevi/disorder; complication; chaos, tevn1 / weaving; loom (used for weaving); textile, -van n weaver, -van? / textile industry. tevn3/ web. ~a pire cobweb, tevnik see tevn2. tevqirkirin / genocide, tevr see tevir. tevrik/hoe. tev? m pebble, tev?o m adze, levz / numbness, tevzinok/ numbness. tew1 ini 1 Bravo! (while sb is singing). 2 0! Oh! {showing surprise). tew2 interr ever, at all, any. ~ tunebe rgp at least, tewa see teba.tewaff A circumambulation (of the Kaaba during the hajj). - kirin vt circumambulate (the Kaaba). tewan,tewana see hêz. tewandin1 (bitewine) vt 1 inflect, decline, conjugate. 2 bow, bend. tewandin2/gram inflection, declension, conjugation.tewandi adj gram inflected, inflectional, conjugated, oblique, tewangbar adj gram inflectional. tewa?o / a bench on which a corpse is washed.tewbar adj elastic, flexible, tewe see tawe. tewere /centre, tewf see tewaf. tewfiq see serketin, tewizandin (bitewizine) vi adorn, embroider, tew?n (bitewe) vi be bent, be twisted; be inflected.Tewrat/the Torah, the Pentateuch, tewr n kind, sort.tewtewe adj.n talkative, chattering; incessant talker, chatterbox. ~t\f chatter-ing, chatter, idle talk. ~t? kirin vt talk idly, blab, texlit n sort, kind.texm?n/A 1 guess. 2 estimation, prediction. - kirin vt 1 guess. 2 estimate, predict, texm?n? adj approximate, bi - roughly, approximately.texne / moment, instant. ~kê adv for a while.texs?r A see teqs?r.text m 1 throne. 2 board, plank; batten. 3 board bedstead (used on the roof for in summer nights), textebend m bench, desk, textikê en?yê m amt frontal bone, teyare A see balafir. teyf see xewn. teyfik/ plate, teyis?n (biteyise) vi shine, teyp fing tape recorder, teyr n bird, -é re? m male falcon, teyr?t?r n every living thing, tey? adj groggy. - b?n vi be/become groggy, (di) -a xewê de b?n vi feel sleepy.tezandin see tevizandin. tezbêh see tizb?.teze adj 1 fresh; green. 2 new. ~ kirin vt replace (sth old) with (sth fresh or new); renew.tezet?/freshness; newness, tez?n see tevizin. tezw?r see derew.tê pref cont of di wê/w? in, into. - hil(h)atin vr fit into (a container, a place). Ew gi? - hiltên. They all fit into (it), ~ ketin vi fail, supervene, têbar / safe, strong box (for keeping money, etc).tebini / footnote, postscript, têcir n A trader, merchant, tê da see tê de. têday? / content; contents, tê de prep in. - man vi (for a student) fail a class, etc.têde/essence, heart, core; ingredient, têderxis?ek/ riddle, puzzle, têderxistin (têderxe) vt know the answer, têderxistinok/ riddle; puzzle.têgih,têgh?/ meaning, têgihan (lêbigihê) vi understand têgihandin (têbigih?ne) vt make (sb) understand (sth), explain, tegiha?tin (têbigih?je) vi understand, tegiha?t? adj (sb) who has understood (sth).têgih?n (?êbigihê) vi understand, tegih??tin see tegiha?tin. têhildan (têhilde) vt dip (sth) into a liquid and then raise it, dip and raise(sth).têhn/heat.têhn/ thirst.têj(ik)/ young animal.tekbirin vt overcome; beat.têk??n1 (têkbi?e) vi 1 be discordant. 2fail.têk??n2/1 discord. 2 failure, têkdan (têkbide) vt stir the mob, provoke.têkel see têkiltêkil adj mixed intimate. - b?n vi interfere (in), meddle (in); join, take part. - kirin vt mix, mess up. têkildar adj connected, related, relating (to), -if relationship, connection, têkilhev adj mixed; complicated; complex. ~? / complexity, complication, têkil?/relation, contact, intimacy. ~ dan?n vf establish relations. ~ (ti?tek?) b?n vi interfere (in).teko?er n combatant, warrior, fighter; militant.têko§?nl (febiko?e) vi fight, struggle. teko??n2/fight, struggle. ~ kirin vi fight, struggle.têkra see tevahev.têkùz adj 1 well-arranged orderly. 2 matured full, completed; perfect. 3 hard, firm, tel/I wire. 2 string (of a musical instrument). 3 telegraph, telegram. - ki?andin vf telegraph, send a telegraph. - ?an din vi telegraph, send a telegraph, têlbendkir? adj barbed wired, têm/ theme.têm til/external appearance; dress, attire, ten see tin.têniv?sandin (têbiniv?s?ne) vt register,record.têr adj full, filled satisfied. - b?n vi be satisfied be saturated. ~ kirin vt fill up; satisfy, saturate. ~ xwarin vt eat one’s fill, have no further desire. ~sdi xwe sufficiently, têr/sack.têra in comb.: - yek? kirin vt be enough for, suffice (sb). ~ yek? nekirin vt be insufficient.têrb?n/satisfaction, satiety, têr?iya adj mountainous, têrêj see t?rêj.têrkir adj 1 satisfactory; satisfying. 2 convincing, persuasive, têrmal adj rich.têrnebok adj insatiable, greedy, têrneb?n / greed; insatiableness, têvel adj several, various, different. ~? / difference.têw adv ~ kirin vf consider, tê werdan (tê wer(bi)de) v< (av) ~ rinse, tê werkirin (tê wer(bi)ke) vt drop, let fall off.têxis?? / contends).têxistin (têxe) vt put in, put into.tibab n lot. ~ek plenty, a lot of.Tibax see Tebax. tif/ spitting. ~ kirin vt spit, tifal n 1 young, inexperienced person. 2 child.tifaq / A alliance, agreement.tifik/bellows.fifing see firing.tifi: - (yek?/ti?tek?) kirin vt spit (at/on) (sb/sth).tihin adj,f thirsty; thirst, tij see t?jtije,tij? adj full, filled. ~ b?n vi become full, be filled. - kirin vt fill up, stuff, tij?fehm adj intelligent, clever, bright, tika/request. - kirin vi make a request, ask a favour, request. ~kar n suppliant, fik ? tenê adj all alone, completely alone; only.til n amt abdomen, til m hill.till / 1 finger. ~ya beranê/beranekê/ girdikê thumb, -ya bi??k little finger.~ya dirêj middle finger. ~ya gust?lkê ring finger. ~ya niez in thumb. ~ya nav?n middle finger. ~ya ni?andanê index finger. 2 toe. tilik see fil?.-til?ya beranekê, til?ya girdiketil?ya n??andanetil?ya nav?n, til?ya dirêjbabel??k, til?ya gust?lkêqil?gk, til?ya bi??ktil?l?/yell (particular kind of cheer, usually by women during wedding feasts), til?per/ ot fern, tilp/ sediment.tim adv always. ~ ? daim adv at all times, without exception, again and again. ~ ? - adv at all times, without exception, again and again.tima adj selfish. ~ b?n vi be selfish, timakar adj,n selfish (person), egotist. ~i/egotism. ~i kirin vt behave selfishly, be selfish.timati / selfishness. ~ kirin vt behave selfishly. Ire selfish.finaz/mockery, ridicule, teasing; joke. ~ kirin vt make fun of, ridicule, tinê see tenê.tiptij? adj full up, chock-full, fiqefiq/giggle. b?n -a yek? vi giggle, bi ~ giggling, with a giggle, bi - ken?n vi giggle.tiq ? tenê see tik ? tenê.tir /fart, -kirin vt fart, break wind.-tir sujf more, -er. ba?tir better, zêdetir more, bedewtir more beautiful, tirai see teral. tirane tn joke; mockery. tirb/A grave, tomb.tiré adv Ji w? - ku He thinks (that), tirih see tin. tirimbêl/car. tirimpe/ water pump, tin m grape.-firm sujf most ba?fir?n the best, a bedewfirin the most beautiful (one), xwendekarê ba?fir?n the best student. Tirk n Turk. ~?/Turkish. -?ye/Turkey. Tirkmen ? Turkoman, Turcoman, tiroz? m Russian cucumber, firs /fear, fright. - dan vt threaten. - ketin dil(ê yek?) vi be afraid, be frightened, tirsandin (bitirs?ne) vt frighten, scare, terrify, threaten, tirsek see firsonek. tirsihan,tirsiyan see tirsin, tirs?yay? adj frightened, tirsin (bifirse) vi be afraid of, fear, be scared of.firsonek adj.n cowardly, timid, fearful; coward. ~?/fi/ fearfulness, timidity, cowardice. ~?/fi kirin vt behave or act cowardly, fir? adj acid, sour, tart. ~ b?n vi turn sour, become acid, ferment. ~ kirin vt sour, tir?e / bot a variety of oak. tir?ik/stew made of mixed vegetables. tir??/1 acidity, tartness. 2 pickle, tir?ok/sorrel, bot Rumex. tis? adj (bread) eaten with nothing else, dry. nanê - dry bread, ti?t m thing. Ew ji -ek? re nabe. It is good for nothing. T~(ek) tune. There is nothing (to worry/left). T~ek? telew?zyonê tune. There is nothing wrong with the TV. -mi?t things, ti?tanok/riddle, puzzle, tit?n see T?tin. tivdarek/ preparation, tivd?r/ measure.firing/rifle, gun. ~ berdan vt fire a rifle.firir / bot radish.tixtor n doctor.tix?b m border, frontier.tixw?b see tix?b.tizbih see tizb?.tizb?/prayer beads, rosary; chaplet; string of beads. ~ ki?andin vf tell one’s beads, play with beads.tizr?g,tizir?g n leech, 7,00i Hin?do. t?[ adj thirsty. ~ b?n vi be thirsty. ~b?n/ being thirsty, thirst. t?2 m brother of one’s husband.-t? suff forming nouns eg; birat?, yek?t?, hevaltf. t?fl A see zaro. tihn / thirst.tik adj 1 perpendicular. 2 straight, upright, stiff (in standing). ~ bun vi become erect, become steep, stand erect. - kirin vi erect; make (sth) steep, tmisejh n A crocodile, zool Crocodylus. tin/heat. ~ dan vt heat. tin1 see heri. tin2/thirst.tip‘/letter (alphabet). ~ên bêdeng consonants. ~ên bideng vowels. ~ên girdek capital letters. ~ên h?rdek minuscules. tip2/(mil) brigade, tipnivis / typewriter, t?prêz n typographer, t?prêz? / typography, tiqetit] see tiqetiq.tir1 n 1 arrow. 2 rolling pin. - avetin vt shoot with a bow. ~ barandin vt rain arrows upon. tir2 adj thick (Uquid). tiremar m adder, tirevan n archer, bowman, t?rêj / ray; beam, light beam. t?rik,t?rk/minute hand (of a watch). ~a seetê hour hand. ~a deq?qê minute hand, t?ra?ar m adder.Tirmeh/July. tirvan n archer, bowman. t??et??,t??t??? adj in pieces, titirwask n plover, zool Charadrius. titi n lark, zool Alauda arvensis. fizik/ lashing out with both hind feet, to / cream, fo see tu.tobe fA repentance. ~ kirin vt repent, vow not to repeat doing sth. ~kar n person who has sworn of doing or not doing sth. tof/ group, tof see tov.tog/harlot, prostitute.tol1 / revenge, vengeanance. ~(a xwe)rakirin/stendin/girfin vt revenge os on, get revenge. tol2/ harlot, prostitute, tolaz n,adj womanizer; (person) pursuing women (for casual sexual intercourse); wandering idly, tolik/mallow, bot Malva sylvastris. ton fFr ton (1,000 kilograms), top/1 ball. 2 mr7 cannon, topavêtin/bankruptcy, top avetin vr go bankrupt.toq/barette (for the hair), tor /net. ~ avetin vt cast a net. ketin ~a yeki vi come up against (sb’s difficulty), -a ?av amt retina.toraq m curds drained to consistency of soft cheese.tore n art. -van n artist. ~van?/ being an artist, artistry.tore see tewre. — see tewre tewre. torik n jackal, zool Cards aureus, torin see nev?.tor?(k) n jackal, zool Cards aureus, tortorik/artuf rectum, tor ? dey adv always, to?p?fanat gland. ~y a sergur?ikê suprarenal gland. ~ya t?ro?dê thyroid gland. totik1 m reason, intelligence. T~ di ser? de tune. He is foolish. totik2 n puppet.tov n seed, grain. ~ ?and?n vt sow seed, seed. ~ kirin vt sow, seed. ~ we?andin vt broadcast seed, tovav / sperm, tow see tov. toxim m seed, grain, toz/dust.toz?telaz / dust, di nav ~ê de covered with dust, tral see teral. tra?tin see tera?Un.trên/Cr train, trilyon n Fr trillion.tu pers pron you.tu adv none, no, not any. ~ car(?) never, tuf/spitting. ~ kirin vt spit, tuf?: ~ (yek?/ti?tek?) kirin vt spit (at/on) (sb/sth).tukes pron nobody, anybody. T~nehatiye. Nobody has come. Min ~ ned?tiye. I have not seen anybody, tukes? oblique case of tukes. T~ ew ned?tin. Nobody saw them. Ew ~ nas nake. He does not know anybody, tul? adj idle; untended; rooming free, tul?re? / plum.fund1 adj tight, firm, strong, violent, harsh, severe. ~? / tightness, firmness, violence, bi ~adv firmly, strongly, harshly, severely.tund1 adj dense, thick; intense, intensive. tune1/ zero; non.tune2 v negative form of heb?n. have not, has not; there is/are not. Min pên?sek tune. I haven’t got a pen. tuneb?n /1 nonexistence. 2 absence. 3 lack, scarcity, tune ye see tune2, tuni see tune2, tunin see tune2 turab see ax1, türe adj angry, enraged, lutik: li ser -an r?ni?tin vi squat down, tuti?t pron nothing, anything, tuti?t? pron nothing, anything, tuwanc / hint, innuendo, tux?b m border, frontier, tuy? tuney? adv by chance.t?/ mulberry, bot Morus, t?/spit, spittle. ~ kirin vt spit (on), t?freng?/strawbcrry, bot Fragaria vesca. t?k see t?.t?j adj 1 sharp, pointed. 2 biting, sharp, hot (pepper) - kirin vt sharpen, whet, grind. t?jah?,t?jay?,t?j? /1 sharpness, pointedness. 2 hardness, toughness, harshness, excessiveness. 3 (pepper, etc.) sharpness, bitterness, t?k see t?.tüle n 1 hunting dog. 2 young dog, pup. t?m m hill, hillock. ~ik m small hill, hillock; heap, pile, t?nd? see tund?. t?r m bag, sack, t??e see xwarin1.t??? adv - (yek?/ti?iek?) b?n vi meet, run into, be confronted with, t?t/ toot. ~(e)~/ long, sharp warning sound from a horn, whistle, etc. t?tik see tutik.t?tin / tobacco, bot Nicotina tabaccum; tobacco (ready for smoking), -dank/ tobacco pouch or box. t?t? / parrot, t?tya/ zinc, t?zik/a variety of grass, tw?j see t?j.189 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image46.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image46.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET Uu/the 25 th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, umcj see k?rah?. unda see wenda. un?wers?te see zaningeh uqba see axret.Urdin/Jordan. ~? n Jordanian, urfe n kind of Krd song, usa see wisa. usl?b A see awa.usr see zehmet.ustad n P master, recognized expert or authority, ustun / column, u?tulum see eri?.uzeuz/ howl, b?n -a yek?/?i?tek? vi howl, kirin - vt howl, uz?n?/ howl, b?n ~ya yek?/ti?tek? vi howl, kirin - vt howl.u?/the 26th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.? conj and. ev ~ ew this and that.?cdan m A conscience, ??ik n sleeve, ?ha see wilo. ?lo see wilo. ur see hür.Uns n,adj Russian, -tan/Russia, ?sa see wisa. ?st? see hustu?st? see hustu. ??? in bunch, ?têl n Fr hotel.?t?/ iron; ironing, pressing (clothes).- kirin vt iron.? yen may? (abbr: ?ym) and so on, et cetera (etc), ?ym see ? yen may?. ?ze?z/ howl, b?n -a yek?/ti?tek? vi howl, kirin - vt howl, ?z?n?/ howl, b?n -ya yek?/ti?tek? vi howl, kirin - vt howl.v/thc 27 th letter of the Kurdish alphabet.va demonstr adj this. ~ pên?sa thispen.vaca adj inside out. - kirin vt turn (sth) inside out. vaja see vaca.vaj? / reverse or back of sth; opposite side, other side, ji ber ~ ve adv on the contrary, contrarily. vala adj 1 empty. 2 useless. 3 unemployed; free. ~ b?n vi be emptied; be/ become empty/idle/frce. - kirin vt empty, pour out.valah?,valat?f\ blank. 2 cavity. 3 vacuum, emptiness. 4 uselessness. ~ya guhê nav?n tmat typmanic cavity, -ya poz anat nasal cavity.valay? see valah?.van demonstr adj these. - pirtukan these books. - rojan newly, recently, these days.vana demonstr pron these. V- nebin. Don’t take these.var adj widely set, set widely apart.varik/young chicken.varqilandin (varqil?ne) vt detain, distract.varqil? adj detained, delayed.varqil?n (varqile) vi distract (os), bedetained.vatin?/duty, responsibility.vaya demonstr pron this. Min - ned?tib?.I hadn’t seen this.Va ye Here, here is. vebêj n story-teller.veb?n (vebe) vi 1 be opened, open. 2 (weather) clear.veciniqandin (veci ni q?ne ) vr startle, give (sb) a sudden fright.veciniq?n (veciniqe) vi start; shy; be seized with fright.ve?in?n (ve?ine) vt darn, mend, stitch up. vedan (vede) vt 1 pê - sting, bite. 2 remove (stones, etc) from (afield), clean (out). 3 (rain) stop. 4 dig up. vedir?n (vedir?) vt sew (again), ved?z?n (vedize) vt hide, veger/return; giving back, vegerandin (vegerme) vr send back,give back, bring back, return, bi ??nde - vt refuse, return, lê - vt bring back, refuse, answer.vegerin (vegere) vi come back, go back, return.veger n story-teller, vegêr?n (vegere) vt tell (a story, etc) mention, say. vegir adj contagious, vegotin (vebêje) vt tell (a story, etc), veguherandin (veguher?ne) vr exchange, barter.veguherm (veguhere) vi, vrbeexchanged; exchange,vehewandin (vehew?ne) vt house, host, put up.vehew?n (vehewe) vr return (home), jê - vi leave (sb) in peace, leave (sb/sth) alone. Ji pis?kê vehewe. Leave the cat alone, vehis?n / rest.veh ?nan (veh?ne)vr plait, string (beads), vejandin (vej?ne) vr revive, vejin?n see vej?n. vej?n1 vi be reborn, revive. vej?n2/revival.veketandin (vekev?ne) vr make (sb) lay down, cause (sb) to lay down; lay (sb/sth) flat.veketin (vekeve) vi 1 lie, lie flat, lieatfull length. 2 stay in bed. 3 stay/remain/be in (prison, a place, etc). 4 be idle, be unemployed.vekef? adj lying prone or flat, veke?/yawn. ~ an?n (xwe) vi yawn, gape, vekirin (veke) vt open; untie, undo, vekiri ?//'open; unfastened; (colour) light, veki?andin (veki??ne) vt cause (sb/sth) to move back, draw (sth) back, withdraw, veki??n (veki?e) vr move back, recede, withdraw.vekitandin (vekit?ne) vt explain, detail, vek?l / orthography, vekolan (vekole) see vekolandin. vekolandin (vekol?ne) vr 1 research, investigate. 2 dig, excavate. vekol?n1 (vekole) see vekolandin. vekol?n2 / 1 reseai'ch, investigation. 2 excavation, digging, vekol?ngeh/excavation site.vekol?nker/excavator (machine), vekol?nvan n excavator (person), veku?tin (vekuje) vt extinguish, obliterate, velezandin (velez?ne) see veze-landin. velez?n (veleze) see vezel?n. vel?stin (vel?ze) vi be petrified with horour or astonishment, faint (because of a shock, etc).velo kirin vt divide, vemirandin (vemir?ne) vt extinguish, put out (fire, light), switch off. vemir? adj extinguished, off. veniir?n (vendre) vi (a fire) die down, go out, (a light) fade, go out. venis?n (venise) vi perch, roost, veni?tin (veni?e) vi perch, roost, veniv?s?n (veniv?se) vt copy, vepo?andin (vepo??ne) vt hide, cover, vepo?and? adj secret, hidden, covered. veqela?tin (veqele?e) vt split, veqet / apostrophe, veqetandek f gram article, veqetandin (veqe(?ne) vf part, separate (from); set apart, veqefinxwaz n separatist, veqet?n (veqete) vi part, separate (from), verandin (verine) vt dig (with fingernails, a knife, etc), vere?andin see ver?andin. vere??n see ver??n. verijandin (verij?ne) vt pour, verij?n (verije) vi be poured, spill, ver?andin (ver??ne) vt 1 cause (sb)to vomit, make (sb) vomit. 2 unstitch, unravel, ver??n (ver?e) vi 1 vomit. 2 be unstitched, be unravelled, unravel, vesandin (ves?ne) vt extinguish, put out (fire, light).vestirin (bivestire) vt knead, ve?artgeh/hiding-place, cache. ve?artin1 (ve?ere) vt hide, conceal; bury, xwe ~ hide (os). ve?artin2/burial.ve?art? adj secret, in hiding, hidden, concealed, ve?artok / hide-and-seek, ve west an see rawestan. vexwandin see vexwendin. vexwarbar adj drinkable, vexwarin (vexwe) vt drink, cixare ~ vtsmoke.vexwarin / drink; drinking, vexwendin1 / invitation. vexwendin2 (vexw?ne) vt invite, vexwend? n,adj guest, invited guest; invited.vexwend?name/ written invitation, invitation card.vezelandin (vezel?ne) vt stretch, xwe ~ vt stretch (os) out. vezele m pullover, sweater, vezel?n (vezele) vi 1 be stretched, stretch. 2 stretch (os) out, lie on at full length, vê demonstr adj/pron this (for feminine nouas). ~daw?ye/pa??ye adv recently, newly; afterwards, later on. vêca adv this time, now; for this; if so; then, vêderê adv here.vêga adv this time, now; then, if so. vêhs / rest. ~ girtin vt rest, vêje/literature. ~y? adj literary, vêketin (vêkeve) vi (fire, light) burn out, be burned, be on. vêk ketin vi unite, vêk ra (vêk re) prep with. vên1 / wish, desire; will, -mend adj strong-willed, resolute. vên2 (bivê) vt need; have to do (sth). vês see vêhs. vêsê adv this morning, vêsibê adv this morning, vêsihandin (bivêsih?ne) vt rest, let rest, vê?in see vên2.vêxistin (vêxe) vt light (fire, light, match, etc), vêya demonstr pron this (for feminine nouns). V- bive. Take this, vi see bi.vikevala see vik?vala. vik?vala adj altogether empty, vingeving see ving?n. ving?n/buzzing, whizzing, ving?n? see ving?n. vir/lie. - kirin vt lie, tell lies, vir n,adj here. Were ~. Come here, li - here. Mamoste li - e. The teacher is here, ji - from here, hence, ji - pê ve henceforth, from now on. vira see vir. li - see li vir. virde adv here, hither. V- wêde! Whatnext! Anything else! virek n liar.virik/ diarrhoea, bi ~ê ketin,~? bun vi have diarrhoea, virker n liar.virni adj late (born or grown), viyan/desire, wish. viz,vizeviz,vizin /buzzing, humming, vizikin (bivizike) vi spout.V) demonstr adj/pron this (for masculinenouns). - zilant? this man. v?dyo /Eng video, v?jik/jce virik-v?n'/will, desire. v?n2 see vên2.v?ndar adj resolute, strong-willed. ~? / resolution.viya demonstr pron for masculine nouns tins, this one. V~ ew d?t- This (one) saw it. v?z,vizev?z,v?z?n / buzzing, humming.w / the 28th letter of theW Kurdish alphabet.wa1 int Here! Here it is! See! Look!wa2 demonstr adj that ~ mala that house. wa3 adv so, like this. W~ neke. Don’t behave like this, wacid see xurt.wad1 f A promise. ~ dan vt promise. - kirin vt promise.wad2,wade f A time; fixed period of time, wada ku conjwhen, incase, wada fi?teki hafin vi fall due. wadê ku conj when, wadi A see newal. wahid A see yek.wah? m wild boar, zool Sus scrofa. ~i adj wild, savage, barbarous, brutal, untamed, walk see wawik.waj?g?n adj 1 contrary. 2 unlucky. walih,waleh see ?a?, gêj wall n A governor of a province. wan1 pron they; them, those. W~ em ditin. They saw us. W~ bibine. See them.wan2 demonstr adj those. ~ karkeran those workers.wan3 pass adj/pron those, a/ê/ên ~ theirs, bavé ~ their father.wana demonstr pron those. W- bine. Bring those.wane / S lesson.wani adv so, such, in this way.waqas see ewqas.war m 1 home. 2 small, one-roomed earthenware house (usu in an orchard, etc). 3 place, field, area (of knowledge or activity). 4 camping ground, di -é ... de concerning, related to, regarding, warge / region.wargeh /1 milit headquarters; bivouac, billet. 2 temporary encampment, camping ground.-wari saff meaning in the way of, eg; Kurdwari in the Kurdish manner, waryoz m mace; sledge hammer, wast see west.wastin,wasfiyan see westiyan. wate/meaning. -zani/semantics, wawik n jackal.wax int Alas! What a pity!way1 int see wa1.way2 int Oh! (showing surprise).Wa ye Here! Here it is! See! Look! wazih A see e?kere. we1 pers/posspron,poss adj you; your; yours. W~ ew ditin? Did you see them?, a/ê/ên we yours, pirt?ka we your book. we2 see weha.wec(i)h mA 1 face. 2 way, manner. 3 reason. Wegw! expression of surprise. Wow! wefd / delegation.weha adv so, in this way, such, hek/ku ~ be since this is the way it is, if so. wehdet see tenêt?.Wehew! expression of surprise. Wow! weh? see wah?. -i see wah??. weh?el f A wildness, savageness, barbarousness; brutality; untamedness, wek adj like, similar; as. ~ min like me. ~ berê as before. ~ ku adv as. W~ ku min got. As I said, weke see wek- wekê see wek.wekhev1 adj equal, similar, alike, - kirin/ kirin - vt equalize. ~?/equality, similarity. wekhev2/equality sign, wekilandin (biwekil?ne) vt repeat. wek> adv,adj as, like. - din else, others; except, apart (from), other (than). W~ din? Anything else? weko see wek?- we kok / example, wek? see wek?-welat m the mother country; country. ~? n fellow-countryman, welatev?n n,adj patriot; patriotic. ~? / patriotism, patriotic action, welathez n,adj patriot; patriotic. ~?/pa- triotism, patriotic action, welatparêz n,adj patriot; patriotic, -if patriotism; patriotic action. wele,weleh see welleh. welê see wilo.welgerandin see wergerandin. welgirtin see wergirfin. welidandin (biwelidine) vt give birth (to), welidfn (biwelide) vi be bom. welle(h) int A by God, I swear (it is true).~ billeh I swear by God. welo see wilo. wemq see ev?n.wenda adj lost; missing. ~ b?n vi be lost, disappear. ~ kirin vt lose, xwe ~ kirin vt lose consciousness, lose one's reason/senses, go into a towering rage; lose oneself, weq?/unit of measurement (28.35 gr). wer1 adv so, such, like this, in this way. wer2 adv ?ê ~ b?n vi fall off (sth). tê ~ kirin vi make (sb/sth) fall off (sth). wer3 stiff forming nand adj, eg: b?re wer, ramanwer.wer4 preverb, eg: wergirfin, werger?n, weran?n.wer adv tê ~ dan vt sift, sieve, av tê ~ dan vt rinse.weran?n (wer?ne) vt bring, werd A see gui. werdek/duck.were imp of hatin Come!were adv so, such, in this way, like this.Wereqe / Lira.werê adv so. W~ tu bi ??n ve hat?! Soyou’re back! werger/ translation. wergerandin1 (werger?ne) vt 1 turn over, turn upside down. 2 translate, interpret. wergerandin2/ translation, wergerand? adj 1 translated. 2 (turned) upside down.werger?n (wergere) vi turn, be turned upside down.wergervan n translator, interpreter, werger n translator. ~?/ translatorship. wergirfin (wergire) vt get, take, take back, werhatin vi roll os on the earth, wer?n (were) vi come, werimandin (biwerim?ne) vt distend, cause (sth) to swell, werim? adj swollen, distended, werim?n (biwerime) vi swell, distend, wer?q see z?v. wer?s m rope.wenn / swelling, swollen place, wer ne adv if not. wersele m muscle, werte A see avzêl.werz /1 season. 2 agriculture. ~kar? /agriculture, farming, wesf m A quality; attribute, wesf?n adj gram descriptive, wes?d see navder. wes?m see r?ge?.wes?yet/A 1 will, testament. 2 request, wessaf A see pesindar. we? see wek.wesl/fatigue, weariness, tiredness; break, rest, -a xwe girtin vt rest, have a rest, wesfan1 / fatigue, weariness, tiredness. wesfan2 (biwesfe) see wesf?yan. w esfandin (biwestine) vt tire, weary, fatigue, wesfgeh/resort, vacation place. westiyan,west?yan (biweste) vt get tired, west?n see westiyan. west?yannenas adj untiring, west?yay? adj tired, weary, fatigued. we?/ moment, instant. we?an /1 publication. 2 broadcast. we?andar n publisher. we?andin (biwe??ne) vt 1 shed. 2 publish. 3 broadcast. we?anger n publisher. we?anxane / publishing house. we?iyan,we??yan (biwe?e) vi (hair or leaves) be shed; (books, etc) be published. we??/bunch (of grapes). we??n see we??yan. we??nek/ publication, broadcast. we??nengeh / publishing house, wext/time. di -ê de at the proper/right time, bi - timely, well-timed, bê ~ untimely. ~a ku in case, when, wextekê adv at one time, once upon a time. wext?1 adv pretty soon, before long. W~ ew were. He/she will come soon. wext?2 adj temporary, wey int Oh! (showing surprise). W~ li mino/minê! Woe is me! weyn n role.wezaret f A ministry. ~a bazara kar ministry of labour. ~a bergir?yê ministry of defence, -a bud?ê ministry of budget. ~a ?andê ministry of culture. ~a dadmend?yê ministry of justice. ~a daray?yê ministry of finance, -a endüstriye ministry of industry. ~a guhastinê ministry of transportation.~a hawirparêziyê ministry of environment. ~a hevolina netewey? ministry of national education. ~ karên civak? ministry of social affairs. ~a karên ?and? ministry of agriculture, -a karên derve ministry of foreign affairs. ~a karên hundir ministry of domestic affairs. ~a mal?ye ministry of finance, -a sporê ministry of sports, -a ?er ministry of war. ~a tendurust?yê ministry of health, -a t?r?zmê ministry of tourism. ~a zanist? ? teknoloj?yê ministry of sciences and technology, wezaretxane / ministry. wez(i)n/d 1 poet meter. 2 weighing, wezinandin (biwezin?ne) vt weigh, wez?r n A minister. ~ê derve foreign minister,wê1 pers pron, poss adj/pron she, it (feminine); her, its; hers, its. W~ xwar. She ate (it), pirt?ka - her book, a/ê/ên - hers. wê2 demonstradj that (for feminine nouns). ~ pen use that pen. li ~ derê there. wê3 cont of ew ê he/she/it will. W~ bê (Ew ê bê). He/she/it will come, wêbê / the future.wee/use, benefit. ~ jê girtin vt benefit from, wê ?axê adv then, wê gavé adv then.wêne m photo; picture; drawing; portrait; image; painting. ~ ?êkirin vt paint, draw. ~ ki?andin vt take a photograph, wêne?êkir n painter, artist, wêne??rok / strip cartoon, wêneguhêz / television.wênekê? n photographer, wênepirt?k / album, wênevan n photographer; painter, wêran adj destroyed, ruined, annihilated ~ kirin vt ruin, destroy, annihilate, wêrek adj brave.wêr?n (biwêre)1 vi dare, venture. Ew diwêre here. He dares (to) go. wêr?n2/courage.wiha adv so; in this way; such; like this, wilo adv so; in this way; such; like this, win see hun. winda see wenda.wir pmn,adv there, that place, li ~ prep there, in there, wira see wir.wisa adv so; in this way; such; like this, wisan see wisa. wi?aq see xulam.w? pers/poss pron, poss adj he, it (masculine); his, its. W? ?kenand. He broke (it), a/ê/ên w? his, its. Bavé w? his father.w??ew?? / twitter, chirping. ~a ti?fek? b?n vi twitter, chirp, kirin ~ vt twitter, chirp.w?layet/A department, province, w?tew?t/ twitter, chirping. ~a fi?te- Jdb?nvi twitter, chirp, kirin ~ vt twitter, chirp, wuha see wiha. wun see hun. wunda see wenda. wurz/cedar, hot Cedrus. wusa see wisa. wusan see wisa.x / the 29th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, xag m Arm cross, -parez ad},nChristian,-perestadj,n Christian.xa?erê /junction, crossroads, xa?epirs / crossword, puzzle, xadim adj A eunuch. ~ kirin vt castrate, xak/ earth, soil, land, country, xak? m,adj A khaki. xal1 m maternal uncle. xal2/spot, mole, beauty spot, -a memikê amt aerola. -dar adj having moles, spotted.xal3/clause, article (of a law or contract), xalifin (bixalife) vi be delayed, be distracted, be kept busy, spend time, xalis adj A pure, unmixed. ~ muxlis true, genuine.xal? adj lonely, unfrequented, isolated (place).xal??e /carpet.xalojin / wife of maternal uncle. xalt?,xalt?k / mother’s sister, xalxalk/onaf spleen, xalxalok n lady bug, lady beetle, ladybird beetle, zool Coccinella. xam1 adj gullible, inexperienced, untrained. -? / gullibility. xam2 adj raw, unripe, xama n,adj grown up (girl), xame see pên?s. xamo?,xam?? adj silent, quiet, xan fP 1 caravansary, inn. 2 large commercial building.-xane suff house, pirt?kxane, nexwe?-xane, etc.xang see xwang.xanim/f* lady; mrs; miss.xan? m house.xap / trick.xapandin (bixap?ne) vt cheat, deceive.xap?n (bixape) vi be deceived, be cheated.xap?nok adj deceitful.xap?yan see xap?n.xapo adj deceptive, misleading, deceitful.xapok adj gullible.xap?r adj ravaged, devastated. - kirin vt ravage, devastate.xar1 see xwar. xar2 see stir?.xar marble, small ball of glass, clay, etc. xaretker see talanker.xas‘/cos, lettuce, toLectuca sativalongifoha. xas2 adj A pure; of the best quality, xasej?/character.xasima,xa$ma adv especially, particularly. xa?andin (bixa??ne) vt cook in boiling water. xa??n (bixa?e) vi 1 (a liquid) be about boiling. 2 cook in boiling water. xa?xa?,xa?xa?k / opium poppy, bot papaver somniferum, xatem A see gust?lk. xatir1 m influence, consideration. xatir2 m ifarewell, goodbye.. - xwestin vt say goodbye, Bi ~ê te. Goodbye! (while leaving).xatirxwaz?/a visit to say goodbye, farewell. ??n ~yê vi visit (sb) to say goodbye, xatirxwestin/farewell, saying goodbye, xat? see xalt?.xat?n/1 lady. 2 women’s name.xav adj crude, coarse, rude, row.xavik/veil (woman’s).xav? adj crude, coarse, rude, row.xav?n see xav?.xav?caw / textile.xawen see xwed?.xawer P see rojhelat.xaw? see vala,xax/disgrace, scandal. ~ an?n serê yek?vt disgrace.xayis adj unconscious, faint. - b?n/ketin vi faint, feel faint. - kirin vt make (sb) faint, xay?n adj A traitorous, treacherous, xaz? m a string of gold coins worn by women on the top of forehead, xazoz fFr soda pop, soft drink, xebat/work. ~ kirin vt work, xebathez adj hard-working, xebatkar n worker. ~?/being a worker, workmanship.xeber/1 news. 2 word, talk. 3 swearing, swearword. - dan vt 1 let (sb) know, inform. 2 talk. 3 swear, cuss. X~a te ye. You are right.xeberok(?) adj (of language) foul, foulmouthed.xebitandin (bixebi??ne) vt 1 use, practice, operate. 2 employ, xebittn (bixebite) vi work; study (lesson), pê ~ viuse, workwith. Ezbi dasêdixebitim. I am working with the sickle, xeb?net/ pity. X~a w? ye. What a pity for him.xebl see peri?an.xedar adj A cruel. ~?/cruelty. ~? kirin vt act cruelly, xedeng see t?r. xefik/trap. xeftan m caftan, xel see xelk.xela/ famine, general scarcity of food, xelas adj 1 finished, ended, completed. 2 saved, rescued. ~ b?n vi 1 be finished, end, be completed. 2 be saved, be rescued. ~ kirin v/ 1 finish, complete. 2 save, rescue.xelas? /1 end, completion. 2 liberation, rescue; release, xelaskar n saviour, deliverer. xelat/1 gift, present. 2 prize, reward. ~ dan/pê ve kirin vt award (sb) a prize; give (sb) a reward, -gir/wergir ?prizewinner, prizeman.xelek/ hoop; circle; ring. ~? adj round, circular.xelet adj wrong, incorrect ~ bun vi be wrong. ~?/fault, mistake. ~? kirin vt err, make a mistake. xel??/A gulf, xel?fe m A caliph, xel?l A see dost, xel?fik/cartridge belt, xelk m A 1 people, folk. 2 foreigners, strangers, xeltj see xelk. xelwe see xewle.xem / worry; sorrow; pain; sadness. Ne ~ e. It doesn’t matter. ~ kirin vt worry, ketin ~an vi worry, grieve. ~a yek? b?n vi mind, pay attention to, care. Ne ~a min e. I don’t care. Xem nake. Never mind. It doesn’t matter, xemg?n adj sad, sorrowful. -?/sadness, sorrow, bi ~? adv sadly, sorrowfully, xemg?r adj sad, sorrowful. - kirin vtsadden, -if sadness, sorrow, xemilandin (bixemiline) vt deck out, embellish, adorn, xwe ~ vt adorn (os), deck (os) out.xemil? adj adorned, decorated, xemil?n (bixemile) vi be adorned, be embellished, deck (os) out. xeml/ ornament, adornment, decoration, xemr A see mey.xemrevin adj soothing, calming, cheering, xemsar adj neglectful, negligent, xenc A see naz.xencer/dagger. ~ kirin v? stab, knife. ~ lê xistin vt stab, knife, xenê adj happy. ~ b?n vi be happy, xeniqandin (bixeniqme) vt strangle, choke, xeniq? adj strangled, choked, xeniqin (bixeniqe) vi be strangled; be choked.xem adj rich, abundant; cheerful, joyful, xennas A see ?eytan, xenz?r ? wild boar, zool Sus scropa. xera adj 1 broken, out of order. 2 ruined, inruins. 3 spoiled. ~ b?n vi 1 be broken, be out of order. 2 spoil, go bad. ~ kirin vt 1 spoil, make (sth) bad. 2 break, put out of running order. 3 rape, xerab adj bad. ~?/badness, wickedness, -? (pe) kirin vt harm (sb). xerabe adj 1 broken, out of order. 2 ruined, in ruins.xerat ? carpenter, cabinet-maker, xerbende n slave, prisoner of war. xerbet see ?erbet. xerc1 ? A spending. ~ kirin vt spend, xerc2 f mortar, material for plastering. xerc3 / tax.xerez/A rancour, grudge, xeriq?n (bixeriqe) vi faint, xerib adj.nA strange, unfamiliar; stranger, foreigner, -if strangeness; foreign land, place far from one’s home; living far from one’s home.Xermanan/July.xerxere/gargling. ~ kirin vt gargle, xerzik m vineyard, xes/lettuce.xesandin (bixes?ne) vt geld, castrate, xesar/ A 1 damage, harm. 2 loss. ~ danvt damage, harm. ~ kirin vr lose money, xesirandin (bixesir?ne) vt cause (sb) to lose money.xesirrn (bixesire) vi lose money.xes? see xwes?.xes?s A see ?iklos.xesma see xasima.xes? see xwes?.xe?andin see xa?andin.xe??m adj inexperienced; ignorant. ~l /luck of experience, ignorance.xe?yet see tirs.xet/A line. - kirin vt draw a line/lines. ~ ki?andin vt install a line (telephone, etc), draw a line.xeter/danger, di bin ~ê de in danger, xetere/ danger, xeter?/danger, xeternak adj dangerous, xetimandin (bixetim?ne) vr plug, clog, xetim? adj clogged, stopped up. xetimin (bixetime) vi be plugged, be clogged. xetke? m ruler, straightedge, xevat see xebat.xew /sleep. ~{a yek?) hatin vi be/feel sleepy. ~(a yek?) revandin vt cause (sb) not to sleep. ~(a yek?) rev?n vt be unable to get to sleep, bi - de/re/ve ??n vi fall asleep, doze off. ji ~ rab?n vi get up, wake up. kirin - vt pul (sb) to bed. ~ neketin ?avên yek? vi be unable to sleep, be sleepless, -sivik n,adj light sleeper, xewar adj sleepy; sluggish, indolent, shiftless. ~\f supineness, shiftlessness, sluggishness.xewcame m night dress, night-shirt, pyjamas, xewf see xof.xewgeh / bedroom, dormitory, alcove, xewgiran n heavy sleeper, xewir? adj unconscious, faint, xewir?n (bixewire) vi (dilê yek?) - 1 feel very hungry, be ravenous. 2 faint, xew?n (bixewe) vi sleep, xewle adj lonely, unfrequented (place). ~ kirin vt lobby; take sb on one side, take (sb) to an unfrequented place to talk, xewl? fTr towel.xewn/dream. - ditin vt dream, ketin -a yek? vi see (sb/sth) in one’s dreams.xewnandin / night watering, xewr see k?rah?.xeyb/ the invisible world, -er? adj of or related to the spirit world, xeyd 1 being offended. 2 getting angry, xeydok adj touchy, easily offended, xeyidandin (bixeyid?ne) vt offend, hurt, xeyid? adj offended, xeyid?n (bixeyide) vi 1 (jê) ~ be offended by, be hurt by. 2 (pê re) - get angry at/with. xeyl see hesp. xeyme A see kon. xeyn? adv ji - apart from, except, xezal/ gazelle, antelope, zool Gazella dorcas. xezeb /A wrath, rage, hatin -é vt get in a rage. - di ser yek? de bar?n vi fall victim to (sb’s) wrath, -nak adj wratful. xezel f A (poetry) lyric poem of a certain pattern comprising 5-25 couplets), xezenfer A see ?er. xez?r m father-in-law. xêlek/(an) instant, (a) moment. xêl?‘/sail.xêl?2/covering cloth; silken scarf worn by the bride.xêl?3/halo (round the moon), xên see xênd?.xênd? adv (ji) - apart from, except. Ji - min. Except me.xêr f A goodness; favour; alms. Xêr e? What’s the matter, bi - good, useful. - tê de ne man vi be of no more use. Tu bi ~ hat. You are welcome, -hatin dan vr say welcome.xêrat / A pious deed, charitable act. xêret see x?ret xêrexwah see xêrxwaz. xêrnexwaz adj malicious, malevolent. -? / malevolence.xêrxwaz adj good-hearted, kind, benevolent. ~? /benevolence.Xêve/June.xêxik/ autumnal wild plum. xez(ik)/line. - ki?andin vt draw a line, draw. ~ên dest n lines of hand, xilaf adj contrary to the fact, lie. xilas see xelas. xilaskar see xelaskar.xilat/1 gift, present. 2 prize, reward. xilma? adj sleepy, sleepy-eyed, xiloxwar adj crooked, xilxal / anklet.xilt n mole, zool Talpa europaea.xilxil? adj broken to smithereens.xiniz adj traitorous, malicious.xir1 m penis.xir2/— snoring.xira see xera. ~ b?n see xera b?n.xirab see xerab.xiram m rock, cliff.xiram/Fr gram.xirap see xirab.xirav see xirab.xirbe m ruins, building on the point of collapse.xircir/ noisy quarrel, squabble, xireber m gravel, xirêf/ lavish meal; banquet, feast. xir?/unfruitful tree, xirxal /1 anklet. 2 wheel, xisar Af 1 damage, harm. 2 loss. ~ dan vi damage, harm. ~ kirin vt lose money, xistin (têxe,bixe) vt 1 put; place; thrust; insert. 2 drop, let fall. ~ber/pê§ i) exhibit, present to, submit to, 2) explain. lê - (lêxe) vt 1) beat, strike, hit. 2) play (a musical instrument, tape-recorder, etc), ji hev ~ (ji hev bixe) vt dismantle. xi?il see xi?ir. xi?ir m jewellery, jewelry. xi??n/rustle, rustling sound. xi?t(ik) / sharply pointed skewer, xifim n A reading of the Koran from beginning to end. xiyal / dream; imagination, xiyar m cucumber.xizan adj poor, destitute. f poverty, destitution.xizêm/ metal ornament worn on the nose, xizêmok/ bot daddelion. xizm n A relative, -at? / kinship, relationship.xizmet/A service. ~ kirin vt serve, -kar n servant, xizne/ treasure.xiznok/ piggy bank, money box. x??1 m gravel.x??2/line.x?gik1/mucus, nasal mucus. x?gik2 m gravel, x?j: xwe - kirin vt attack, x?laf see xilaf. x?m see him.x?ret/A zeal, ardour; effort. - kirin vt endeavour, try hard, do one’s best, x?vet m A tent, x?z/fine sand.xoce m A hodja, Moslempreacher; teacher, xof / fear. - ketin dil(ê yek?) vi be frightened. ~ xistin dil(ê yek?) vt frighten, ketin -eke mezin vi be badly frightened.xofdar adj fearful, frightening.xoftij? adj frightening.xoh see xok.xok/sister.xol/ash.xong/sister.xopan adj ruined, destroyed.xort m,adj youth, young (man), youthful.xo? adj nice, pleasant.xo?av/ stewed fruit.xo?ew?st adj dear.xo?k see hi?k.xo?xwan/(music) a march.xovan adj tepid, lukewarm.xox / peach, bot Prunus persica.xoz / cone.xozan / stubble.xu‘ see xwe.xu2/ sweat. - dan vt sweat.xud see xwe.xuda see Xwedê.xudan1 n 1 see xwed?. 2 creator.xudan2/sweat.xudê see Xwedê.xuh / sweat. - dan vt sweat.xulam n servant, slave.xuld A see bihi?txulq m temper, -é xwe f?reh kirin vt calm (os). ~ê yek? f?reh b?n vi become calm. ~ê yek? leng b?n vi get angry, -f?reh adj calm, tolerant, -teng ad/bad- tempered, intolerant, xuluqandin (bixuluq?ne) vt create, xuluq?n (bixuluqe) vi be created.xulxul?n (bixulxule) vi (for a cock) crow.xumxum/the noise of the flowing water.xunaftin vi assimilate.xunav / dew.xunce,xun?e /bud.xundekar see padi?ah.xunifandin vi assimilate.xur1 / itch, pruritus.xur2 see xwarin.xurandin (bixurine) vt scratch (an itchy place).xur?n (bixure) vi 1 itch. 2 be itching for a beating, xurbet see xeribi. xureik / bundle.xurcilandin (bixurciline) vt go into, delve into (a matter). xurde1 adj,n change, small change (money). ~ kirin vt change (money), give change for.xurde2 n scrap (metal), gram affix. ~pa? suffix, -pe? prefix, xure adj gluttonous, xurfe A see ode.xuricin (bixurice) vi (for a shooting star) fall, xurifi adj senile, dotard, xurifin (bixurife) vi become senile, reach one’s dotage, xuri / scabies.xurini/1 condition of not having eaten (esp in the morning); breakfast ~(ya xwe) kirin vt have a breakfast, bi - not having a breakfast.xurme/P date, bot Phoncix dactylifera. xur??d see roj.xurt adj strong, powerful. - b?n vi get strong, become stronger. - kirin vt strengthen, fortify, xurt?/strength, power, xusr see xisar. xusse see xem. xusserev?n see xemrev?n. xu??n / rustle, rustling sound. xu?k/ sister. xu?xu? see xu??n.xutbe f A sermon delivered at the noon prayer on Friday, xuwar n flamingo.xuya adj apparent, in sight, visible. - b?n vishow (os), appear, come in sight, be seen. - kirin vi have (sth) shown, show, make visible. X- nabe. It is not in sight. X- ye ku It appears that.xuyan (bixuye) vi appear, come insight, be seen.xuy? adj subjective.x?1 /1 habit, temper. 2 nature, natural tendency, -nerm adj kind. ~xwe? adj kind, good/sweet-temperedx?2 see xu2x?k(?) / protection money. - xwarin vi get protection money. x?l1 adj stooped. - b?n vi be stooped, xwe - kirin vi stoop. x?l2 see p?rhevok. x?n see xw?n. x?nav / dew. x?sik/frost, hoarfrost. x??e see gul??. x??k/ sister.x?z adj humpbacked, hunchbacked.xwab A see xew.xwace see mamosfe.xwab see xweh.xwak/ little sister.xwan / dinner table, table; meal.xwanende see sifranbêj.xwanê see xuya.xwang/sister.xwar1 adj crooked; bowed; curved; slanted; sloping. - b?n vi bend, curve, warp. - kirin vi 1 tip, tilt. 2 bow, bend, give a curve to.xwar2 adv downwards, downstairs. hafin - vi come down/downstairs. Were ~. Come -down, xwarbar adj eatable. xwarin1/ meal, food, eating, xwe ji -é dan pa? vi go on a hunger strike, refuse eating, ji -e ketin vi have no appetite. xwarin2 (bixwe) vi eat. send ~ vr take an oath, ter - vi eat one’s filling, xem - vi worry, be sorrowful, xwarindev/ration (daily food allowance), xwaringeh / dining hall, xwarinnas? / gastronomy, xwarinpêj/cook. xwarinxane / restaurant.xwar?/crookedness, warp; curvature, xwaro adj mean, low. xwaromaro adj crooked, xwarzê n nephew, niece (sister’s son or daughter), xwarz? see xwarzê. xwas adj, adv barefoot. ~ gerin vi go/walk barefoot.xwasfin1 (bixwaze) vt want, wish, ask for, demand.xwastin2 (bixwaze) vt ask a family to give their daughter as a bride, xwazge/desire, longing, xwazg?n? n (people) asking a family to give their daughter as a bride, xwazf see xwez?.xwe refl pron self, oneself. ~ dan fi?teki vt devote (os) whole-heartedly to (sth). bi ~ hes?n vi wake up. ji - kirin vt take (sth.) off, undress, li - kirin vt put on, dress. ~ mezin ditin vt give os airs, think one is sth. ~ nixumandin vt cover os. - ragirtin vt wait, control (os). ~ rexne kirin vt criticize os. - spartin (yek?) vt take refuge behind (sb). - ?eh kirin vt comb one’s hair. ~ ?u?tin vt take a bath, wash (os). ~ xar kirin vt rush, xwebawer adj self-confident. -? / selfconfidence.xweber adj gram simple, xweb?n adj,n egoist. ~\f egoism, xweb?n / independence.Xweda see Xwedê. xwedan see xwedê. xwedanenas adj,n atheistic; atheist. ~if atheism.Xwede see Xwedê. xwedey? adj divine, of or relating to God. Xwedê m God. bi ~ by God. X~ hefiz Goodbye. X~ ji te raz? be. God bless you. - zarok dan (yekê) vt give birth, xwedêgirav? adv supposedly, as if, you would think that.xwed? n owner, proprietor, possessor. ~ kirin vt 1 bring up (achild). 2 feed, fatten (an animal), lê ~ derketin vi protect ~yê male m host. ~ya malê/hostess, xwed?bext adj honest trustful, xwed?erd n landowner.xwed?mal adj (person) married, having a home. ~ ? mulk rich, xwed?nam?s adj honest honourable, (sexually) virtuous, moral, xwed?r?met adj estimable, worthy of esteem.xwed?sebr adj patient. xwed?t?/1 ownership, proprietorship. 2 protection, patronage. ~ lê kirin vr protect back, look after (sb). xwed?vên adj energetic, resolute. xwefiro? n 1 collaborator, quisling, traitor. 2 prostitute, whore. xweger1 adj automatic. xweger2 adj autonomous, -if autonomy, xweh/sister, xwehes?n / awakening, xwejib?r adj forgetful, xwe ji xwe adv to oneself, by oneself. xweka?ok ? reptile. xweku?fin/suicide. xwe ku?fin vt commit suicide.xwel?/ash, dust -dank/ashtray. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image47.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image47.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET xweme? / automobile, xwenda adj literate, xwende adj literate, xwendegeh / school. ~a bindestpêkê kindergarten. ~a destpêkê primary school. ~a nav?n secondary school. ~a hilind college; institution of higher education, xwendekar n student pupil, xwendevan n reader, xwendewar adj learned, educated. xwendin1 (bixw?ne) vt 1 read. 2 study, attend school. xwendin2/reading. xwendin3 vt (birds) sing, xwendingeh see xwendegeh. xwendinyar adj literate. ~i/ literacy, xwendox n reader.xwene,xwe ne Or? Is it possible? Is it Lrue? xweparastin / self-defence, xweperesf adj egoistic. xwepen??andan see xwepê?dan. xwepê?an?n see xwepê|dan..xwepe?dan / demonstration.xwepe?de n demonstrator.xwerexne / self-criticism.xwerisf/nature.xwerist? adj natural.xwerned? adj supine, indolent.xwerned?tin /not feeling work or doingsth. (bi) xwe re ned?tin vt not to feelworking or doing (sth).xwern?ff carob, carob tree, bot Caratomiasiliqua.xwer?1 adj 1 simple, pure. 2 original, not imitative; genuine. xwer?2 /peculiarity, characteristic, xweser adj 1 self-willed, independent, autonomous. 2 peculiar (to), unique (to). -?/1 autonomy. 2 peculiarity, trait, xwesiparte n refugee, xwes? / mother-in-law. xwestek / demand.xwestin1 (bixweze) vt ask, want, desire,demand, wish.xwestin2 / demand.xwesti n, adj engaged to be married.xwes? see xwes?.xwe? adj 1 nice, pleasant. 2 healthy. xwe?av see xo?av.xwe?bergeh adj with a fine view, scenic, abounding in attractive scenery. xwe?b?n adj optimistic. xwe?div? adj dear. xwe?go adj kind, good company. xwe?gotin / compliment. xwe?hal rgd comfortable, -if comfort. xwe?ik adj beautiful, nice. xwe??/pleasure; health. xwe?ka?? adj strong. xwe?mer m gentleman. xwe?peyv adj (person) whose talk is delightful.xwe?rew? adj comfortable, well-off. xwe?xwan / (music) a march. xwe?xwaz?/ good wish, xwey see xwe.xweydan/ sweat, xwey dan vt sweat.~ dan vt sweat.xweying see xong.xwey? see xwed?.xweza f nature. ~yi adj natural.xwez?1 / spit, spittle. xwez?2/ wish, adv I wish, if only. X~ tu ??b?ya. I wish you had gone. X~ya min U dilê te. I wish I were you. X~ya min di dilê min de ma. I was disappointed, xwez?n? see xwazgfn?.(Xxwê/salt. - avêtin/kirin vt salt, add salt to. -dank / saltshaker, saltcellar. xwê(h)dan /sweat xwê(h) dan vt sweat. ~ dan vt sweat di nav ~ê de man vt break out in a sweat; be covered with sweat, -a en?yê work, effort, xwên? n refugee, xwir/itch, pruritus, xwirandin (bixwir?ne) vt scratch (an itchy place).xwirin (bixwire) vi 1 itch. 2 be itching for a beating, xwir?n? see xur?n?. xwi?k/sister, xw? see x?. xw?dan / sweat.xw?n/ blood. - bun vi bleed. - ki- rin vt make (sth) bleed. ~ li grdê nehi?fin vtget/takc revenge. - rijandin vt shed blood, xw?ndar adj bloody, xw?ngerm adj 1 friendly, likable. 2 warmblooded. -if warmth of personality, xw?n? adj bloody.xw?nkêm adj anaemic. -?/ anaemia, xw?nmêj n,adj exploiter; exploitative, xw?npak a, adj purebred, thoroughbred, xw?nrêj adj bloodthirsty. ~?/bloodshed, xw?nsar adj cold-blooded. xw?n?er?n adj attractive, pleasant, xw?nxane / blood bank, xw?nxwar adj bloodthirsty, atrocious. ~? / atrocity.xw?yay? /phenomenon, xwudan see xudan. xwur see xur.xwurandin (bixwur?ne).ft'exurandin.xwur? see xur?xwur?n (bixwure) see xur?n.xwur?n? see xur?n?.xwuzg?n? see xwazg?n?.y / the 30th letter of the Kurdish alphabet, y a1 poss article for singfeminine nouns~rainmine.~teyours.bi ~ yeki kirin vt follow sb’s advice, obey. ya2 poss ending for sing feminine nouns derz?ya min my needle. ya3 pronfor sing fern nouns the one that. ~ raezin the big one. Ya (ku) min d?t. The one that I saw. ya4 int O..! Oh..! Y~ Xwedê! O Lord! ya5 con; or; either... or. ~ tu ~ ez either you or me. ~ j? or. - na or not, if not. yabis A see zuha. yadê exp Mum! Mummy!Yah?d? n,adj Jewish, yal m mane. yan1 conj see y a5. yan2/divan, sofa, coach.-yan3 ending used in oblique case of plural nouns kev??yan brae Bring the spoons. yan4 poss ending for plural nouns daxwaza gund?yan the villagers’ demand, yane adj desirous, wishing. Dilê min I am longing (for), yanes?b / lottery.yanê,yan?,yano adv A that is to say, I mean, in other words, namely, yanzdan see yazdehan. yanzde see yazdeh. yanzdeh see yazdeh yaq?t m A ruby.yar n friend; girl-friend, boy-friend, lover. yari1 / joke, play. - kirin vt joke, play. yari2 /friendship.yarmeti/aid,help. ~(yayek?) kirin whelp, yasemin /jasmine, bot Jasminum. yawe/nonsense, -bêj n blathercr. yaxe fTr collar, yazde see yazdeh.yazdeh n,adj eleven. ~an/em/m?n n,adj eleventh.yek fadj one. ~ b?n/b?n - vi unite. ~ girtin vt regard as equal. - kirin/kirin~ vt put together, unite. ~em/em?n adj first. ~ ? du one another, each other, yekaheng adj monotonous. ~\f monotony, yekbêj adj serious-minded, reliable. yekb?n/1 unity, union. 2 sameness; identity.yekb?yin see yekbun. yekb?y? adj united, yekear adv 1 with one action, at a time, in one lot. 2 excessively, extremely, too. Tu ~ nezan ?. You are too ignorant, vek?av adj one-eyed, yekdeng adj unanimous. ~?/ unanimity, unanimous vote, bi ~? adv unanimously, yekdil adj single-hearted, unanimous, yekd? see yek ? du. yeke / unit.yekejimar adj gram singular, yekgirt? adj united, yekg?sin n,adj (land) ploughed once, yekhejmar adj gram singular, yek?nek/mil unit, yek?t?/unity; union, yekk?te n,adj monosyllable; monosyllabic, yekmeh? adj one-month-old. yekper?e adj made of a single piece or block, yekperest n,adj monotheist; monotheistic. ~\f monotheism, yekpe adj one-legged, yekr? adj equal; same, yeksan adj uniform; same. ~?/ uniformity; sameness.yekser adj,adv direct, directly, yeks? see yekr?.Yek?em / Monday, yekta adj unique, only. yek?din,yek?d?,yek?du adv each other, one another.yekziman adj monolingual, yeman adj frightfully good, amazingly go(X?; brave.Yemen/the Yemen. Y~a Bakur North Yemen. Y~a Ba??r South Yemen, yeq?n / belief, trust, (jê) ~ kirin vt believe; trust.yeq?n?/belief; trust. ~(ya xwe) pê an?n vt believe, yewm see roj.yexs?r n slave, prisoner of war, captive, yextiyar n,adj A old (person).Yezdan m God. ~? adj of or related to God.yê1 poss article (used for masculine sing nouns) ~ te yours.yê2 poss ending (ude for masculine singnouns) kev??yê te your spoon, yê3 pron (used for masc sing nouns) the one that. - bi??k the small one. Yê ku em lê diger?yan. The one that we were looking for.yêk ? du see yek ? du.yêkve see yek ? du.yen1 poss article (usedforpl noms) ~ te yours.yen2 poss ending (used for pl nouns) kev??yên te your spoons. yen3 pron (used for pl nouns) the ones that. ~ bi??k the small ones. Y~ ku bên The ones that are going to come, yom m luck; omen. bi~ lucky, be- unlucky, y?h see roj.z/the 31st (last) Krd letter, -za suffmeaning sonor daughter. bra- son or daughter of one’s brother.zabit n A milt officer. zad1 rn crop; growing grain. zad2 m food.-zad3 see zade.zade suff meaning child of, eg: begzade, ?exzade.zadegan n,adj noble, -if nobility, zaferan/saffron, bot crocus stavius. zagon / law. -a bingeh?n constitution, -deran?n / legislation, making laws, zahf adv.adj much, many, very, zahid n,adj (sb) who shuns the world and its pleasures to devote himself to worship and pious works; (an) ascetic, za?d A see zêde. zal see p?rejinzalim adj A unjust; oppressive; cruel, zal? adv - (yek?) kirin vt try to act like (sb), imitate, zan (bizê) vt give birth, zana adj learned, wise, zanav m identity, zane adj learned, wise, zanemêr n,adj expert; learned, wise, zanist? / science, zanistyar n scientist. zan?n1/ knowledge; science. zan?n2 (bizane) vt know, dan - vt 1 teach. 2 announce, inform, ji ber ~ vt know by heart, zan?ngeh / university, zan?stgeh see zan?ngeh. zanyar? adj scientific. zar1 m 1 language. 2 dialect.-zar2 suff forming adjectives -ful, -ed. zar3/7rdie (thrown when playing games of chances). - avêtin vt throw a die or dice, zar1 f—,~(e)~ cry, wail, lamentation. zar2 n child. zarav(a) m dialect, zarezar see zar1. zargotin / folklore, zar?n (bizare) vi wail; lament. zaro,zarok n child. ~ an?n vt give birth, have a child. ~t? / childhood; childishmanners. ~t? kirin vt act childishly, zarokgeh / crèche, zarokxane / crèche, zar? see zaro. zar?k see zarok.zar?zê? n household, wife and children. zarxwe? adj (person) whose talk is delightful, zava m bridegroom; sister’s or aunt’s husband, son-in-law, brother-in-law. ~t? / being a son-in-law or groom, ?eva -t?yê wedding night. zax1 / sulphate. zax2 n crow.zayend/gram gender, -a mê feminine, -a nêr masculine, zayin see zay?n zay? A see wenda. zay?n‘/birth. zay?n2 (bizê) vt give birth, zayok adj prolific, fecund.Zaza n a Kurd speaking Zazak?. -k? / one of the Kurdish dialects spoken in Northern Kurdistan, zeban P see ziman. zeben? m A religion a guard taking condemned sinner to Hell; hellcat, zebe? m watermelon, bot Citrullus vulgaris, zebfir/the Book of Psalms (in the Bible), zed see zad.zeftfA bringing (sb/sth) under control; restraining. - kirin vt 1 catch, capture. 2 bring (sb/sth) under control; restrain, zeg?l /bot medlar.zehf adj,adv much, many, a lot; very. zehmet/A difficulty. - kirin vt take the trouble to come/go or do (sth). - ki?andin vt have difficulty.zehmetke? n worker, labourer, proletarian, zelal adj clear, limpid; transparent - b?n vi be/become clear, bc/become limpid. - ki rin vt make (sth) clear or limpid, zelai? / clearness, limpidity, zelam see tar?t?. zelet e//t salad.zeliqandin (bizeliq?ne) vtpe - glue, paste, tape or stick (one thing) to (another), zeliq? adj (pê ve) - stuck on or to; clinging tightly to. bi hev - stuck together, cling to one another.zeliq?n (bizeliqe) vi pê ve ~ stick (to), adhere (to), cling (to), bi hev ~ vi stick to one another, cling to one another, zelq/droppings (of birds), zel?l adj despairing; despondent, zel?t adj bald. ser~ bald, bald headed. ser~?/baldness, zelzele f A earthquake, zem/speaking ill of (sb), backbiting, -(a yek?) kirin vt speak ill of (sb), backbite, zeman A see dem. zember? see pir. zembil see zemb?l.zembil /basket made of woven reeds. zemen see dem.zemher?/the coldest part of winter (the forty days between 22 December and 30 January).zemq/A gum, gum resin; glue, zemt / bringing (sh/sth) under control, restraining. ~ kirin vt bring (sh/sth) under control, gain control of, restrain, capture (a place).zemzem /A zamzam, a famous well near the Kaaba in Mecca, ava ~ê water from zamzam.zen / A supposition, guess. ~ kirin vt guess, suppose, zenb see guneh. zenc?re/series.zend1 m amt forearm. ~(ên xwe) hildan vt get ready to do stb, roll up one’s sleeves. zend2 m bolt (of a door), zende see zind?.zendegirt? adj astonished. - man vi be astonished, zend? see zind?. zeng/rust.zengar? adj rusty, tarnished. zengelok,zengelork/Adam’s apple, zengil/bell, gong, li ~ xistin vt ring (a bell). ~ lê ketin vi (a bell) ring, li ~ ketin vi (a bell) ring. ~geh/bell tower, belfry, zengil?n (bizengile) vi ring, zengilor / anal trachea, windpipe, zengu n stirrup.zenguya pê / mat sole of the foot, zer m,adj yellow; pale. - bun vi turn yellow; turn pale, grow pale. ~ kirin vtyellow, make (sth) turn yellow; make (sb) grow pale, zerar see zirar.zerbav n canary, zool Serinus canarius.zerdal? see zerdele.zerde see zer.zerdele, zerdel? / apricot.Zerde?t m Zoroaster. ~? Zoroastrian.zere f A mote, atom.zereq/ light.zererek n flax.zerf/A envelope.zergo m golden earring.zerik1 / yolk. ~a hêkê yolk.zerik2 / jaundice. ~? b?n vi jaundice.zer?/yellowness.zer(k)/jump, attack, xwe ~ kirin vt attack, jump, zerke? adj gold-plated, zero adj yellowish.zer?r? adj A absolutely necessary, essential, zerzeng/crown. -a ronah? halo (round the moon).zerzewal m vegetables, zeve? see zebe?. zev? n field. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image49.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image49.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET zewac / marriage.zewicandin (bizewic?ne) vi marry off, marry (a couple), zewic? adj married.zewic?n (bizewice) vi get married, bi yek?/yekê re - vi marry (sb). zewq/A pleasure, enjoyment, fun. - kirin vt take pleasure, become delighted, enjoy os. -xane / entertainment-place, cabaret.zewreq/ raft, timber float, zexel adj deceitful, tricky. ~? / trick. ~? kirin v/ do (sth) deceitful, zex?re /A stock of grain, zexim see zexm.zeximandin (bizexim?ne) vt strengthen, reinforce.zexm adj strong, sound. ~? / soundness, strength, zeyde see zêde. zey?/ husband’s sister, zeyt/olive oil, oil. zeyt?n / olive, zê? n zar?- household, zêde adj,adv too much, too many, excessive, more than needed. - b?n vi increase. ~ kirin vt 1 increase (sth). 2 exaggerate. 3 reproduce, duplicate, zêdetir adj more. ~?n most, zêdet?/excess; surplus, zêl? see z?ro. zêr see jêr. zêr m gold.zêrandin (bizêr?ne)1 vt gild, zêrandin (bizêr?ne)2 vt exploit, zêrav / aqua regia.zêrf?ro§ n jeweller; goldsmith. ~? / the work of a jeweller, zêringer see zêrker. zêr?n adj golden; gilded, zêrker n jeweller; goldsmith. ~? / the work of a jeweller, zêr? see z?ro.zêrzem?n m underground shelter, zêt see zeyt. zibal / grapefruit.zibil m 1 dung, manure, fertilizer, droppings. 2 heap (of dung). ~ê germ dung (of horse and donkey), -é heywanan/ xwezay? dung, manure. ~ê k?myay? chemical fertilizer. ~ê maden? mineral fertilizer. ~ê sar cattle dung, zib?l see zibil. zicac A see ???e.zicêf m sole (of a shoe). - kirin vt sole (a shoe), zift/pitch.ziha1 adj dry; dried. ~ bun vi dry, get dry. - kirin vt dry.ziha2 n dragon.zik m anat 1 abdomen, abdominal region. 2 belly, stomach. ~ê pi?uk m anat lower abdomen. ~ê xên? m ceiling, zikak see ku?e.zikat/A (Islam) distribution of one fortieth of one’s income as alms, zik??n / diarrhoea.zike? / stomach ache, colic. ~? adj (sb) who has a stomach ache. ~? b?n vi suffer a stomach ache.zikir/A 1 mentioning. 2 (Islamic mysticism) repeating silently or aloud the word Allah.zikmak? adj maternal, ji - from birth, natural, zimanê - mother tongue, one’s native language.zikre? at? jealous, envious. ~?/ jealousy, envy.zik?r A see nêr.zil n reed.zilam m man. ~t?/masculinity; manly behaviour, zill see S?2. zilm see zulm. zilq/droppings (of birds), zilx m armour, mail, -dar adj armoured. ziman1 m 1 tongue. 2 language, an?n zimên vt express, hatin zimên vt start to talk, li ser ~(ê yek?) b?n vt be on the tip of one’s tongue, slip one’s memory, -é xwe girtin vt hold one’s tongue. ~(ê yek?) veb?n vt start talking. ~ê bi??k m amt uvula. ~ê kirkirokê m amt epiglottis. ~ê zengilorê m anat epiglottis, -é zikmak? mother tongue. ziman2 m bolt (of a lock), zimanaz?n / grammar, zimandirêj adj talkative, chattering. ~if chattering, idle talk, talkativeness. ~? kirin vt talk idly, talk indiscreetly, zimannas see zimanzan. zimanok m amt uvula. ziman§êr?n adj (sb) whose talk is delightful, kind.zimanzan n linguistt. ~? / linguistics, zimerred A see zimr?d. zimên oblique case of ziman. zimr?d m emerald.zinar n rocks, zinc/rod, wand, zinc?r/chain. ~ kirin vt chain, zindan /prison, dungeon, zinde see zind?.zind? adj 1 alive, living. 2 vigorous, energetic, lively, n living creature, living being.zind?q n unbeliever, zin tfA adultery. ~ kirin vt commit adultery, zinekar n,adj adulterer, adulteress; adulterous. —1/adultery. ~? kirin vt commit adultery.zingar/rust; tarnish. ~ girtin virust; tarnish, zingar? adj rusty; tarnished. ~ b?n vi rust, tarnish.zing?n? / a ringing or tinkling sound, kirin ~ vt ring, tinkle, di guh(ên yek?) de kirin - vt ring in one’s ears. Peyvên w? di guhên min de dik?rin ~. Hiswords were ringing in my ears. ziqum'/A oleander, roscbay, botNerium oleander.ziq?m/i poison. Ziq?m! int May you choke on it! zir1 / - - blubbering. zir-2 pref 1 step. 2 false. 3 wild, -bav m stepfather, -dayik/stepmother, -keg/ stepdaughter. -kur m stepson. zir3 adj barren.zirar J A damage, harm. - dan vt damage, harm, -dar adj damaged. zirav1 m gall, bile. ~(ê yek?) qet?n vi be badly frightened.zirav2 adj thin; slim; delicate. - bun vi become thin; be thinned. - kirin vt make (sth) thin, thin. — adv subtly, imperceptibly, delicately, ziravbih?styar adj sensitive. ziravik1 m amt gall bladder. ziravik2 adj thin.zirav? / delicacy; thinness; slimness, zir? see z?r?.zirexp?? / armour-plated warship, zirezir/braying, bray, kirin - vt bray, zirê? n lead.ziring adj clever, smart, bright, ziri?k/ barberry, zir?? see zirê?.zir?n1/ braying. zir?n2 (bizire) vt bray, zirnazoq/ seesaw, teeter-totter, zirne / a reed instrument, zirpars? m amt false ribs, zirt/boast. - dan vt incite, -é xwe dan vt boast.zirtezirf/bluster.zirtole n,adj lout, loutish; full of bull, zirxdar adj armoured, zirx?tik n cockroach, zirz adj nervous, irritable. - b?n vi get nervous, be irritated. ~ kirin vt irritate, anger, zirzir/braying, bray, kirin ~ vt bray, zi?t adj dirty, zivar adj poor.ziving / cave; sheltered place (where nomads and their flocks go to winter), zivirandin see z?virandin. zivir?n see z?vir?n. zivistan/winter. ~? in winter. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image50.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image50.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET zivandin (biziv?ne) vt use, employ, zivfan see zivis?an. ziwa see ziha. zixf n spur.z?k(ik)/ young shoot, bud. z?l fP bell. li ~ê ketin/- lê ketin vi (a bel!) ring, li ~ê xislin vt ring (a bell), z?lan/short tube open at both ends, z?lo see z?ro.z?n n saddle. - kirin vt saddle, z?nat see zulm. z?ndan/ prison; dungeon, z?ndir? n saddler, z?perdas? n mackerel, z?pik/hail; hailstone. - bar?n vi hail. z?q adj straight, upright, stiff. - (li li?tek?) nêr?n vt look fixedly at (sth).z?r?/droppings (of birds), z?re n cumin, bol cuminum. z?rek adj 1 intelligent 2 hard-working. 3 skilful.z?ro n earthworm, roundworm, z?tok / kick with hind feet (horse, etc), lashing out with hind feet, z?tol'/piece, fragment. —? adj in pieces, in fragments. —? b?n vi be broken in pieces/fragments. —? kirin vt break in pieces/fragments. z?tol2scc z?tok. z?v m silver.z?var adj poor. ~?/poorness, z?ving/cave.z?virandin (biz?vir?ne) vt tum round; tum (sb) back; rotate, lê ~ vt give back, answer, z?vir?n (biz?vire) vi turn back, turn; rotate, z?virok/curve or bend (in a road), z?v?n adj silvery, made of silver, z?wer see xeml. z?ya see ronah?. z?yamar m dragon.ziyaret/A visit. - kirin vt visit (a place, etc). z?z1 adj rotating. ~ b?n vi revolve, rotate. ~ kirin vi turn, rotate. z?z2 adj offended, annoyed. ~ b?n vi be/ get offended. ~ kirin vi offend, annoy, zman see ziman. zo n,adj twias, double, zomp m sledge hammer. zor1 adj.f difficult, hard. zor2 / force, violence. - dan vt force, compel. - dan xwe vt try hard. ~(a yek?) birin vt defeat.zor3 adj much, many, zordar adj tyrannical, tyrannous, zordesf n,ctdj tyrant; tyrannical, zorê adv bi - by force, by exerting pressure, zozan m high plateau; mountain pasture, zuha adj dry; dried. ~ b?n vi dry, get dried. - kirin v/dry. ~ker/drying agent; blotting paper.Zuhel / Saturn.zulm / injustice, oppression, cruelty, zurfyet/zt progeny, offspring, descendants, zur?f n state, condition; situation, zurne/a reed instrument, li zurnê xistin v/ play a zurne. zuwa see zuha. zuxur m pebble, gravel, z? adj, adv quick, fast, swift, hasty; quickly, speedily, soon, fast; early. ~ b?n vi be early. ~ kirin vt be in a hurry, do (sth) quickly. - rab?n vt get up early. — adv quickly, in a hurry; (with negative verbs) easily, z?da see z?de. z?de adv for a long time past, z?gofinok / a playful formula found in folk narratives.z?hel adj easily digestible; meltable.zuka adv quickly, soon. ~n?/ hurry, haste.z?r / ~e~ howling.z?r?n (biz?re) vi howl.z?tir adj.adv faster, sooner.z?va see z?ve.z?ve adv for a long time past.z?xal n charcoal, fuel.STATISTICS ON THE KURDISH SOUNDSThis section consists of 1 table and 3 graphics on the Kurdish sounds. The basis for these figures are 10,930 basic Kurdish words (72,521 letters) chosen from this dictionary. This study aims to determine the frequency of the Kurdish sounds and the ratio of the accented sounds, help the discussion on the subject be based on statistical data and with the efforts to establish a Kurdish keyboard, etc.THE RATIO OF THE ACCENTED SOUNDS INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image51.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\zanin\\pirtuk\\ferheng\\media\\image51.jpeg" \* MERGEFORMATINET ?EHK PRTXI J accented pronunciatoncrrVi-(unaspirated ?,k,p,t; rolled r; ArabicC.)1 I unaccented (aspirated) pronunciationaccented un asp ira tedunaccentedaspiratedtotal%a58828b31804.4c6610.9?%42 350%58 4758251.3d27443.8e%1.4 116%98.6 8394851011.8ê15772.2f6770.95g14262h%21 386%79 147618622.5?61908.5138555.3j6200.95k%68 1770%32 82025903.6122373.1m18882.6accentedunaspiratedunaccentedaspiratedtotal%n58068013161.8p%37 417%63 72311401.6010021.4r%25 1344%75 403653807 ?3s19142.6?14432t% 27 660%73 179924593.4u7971.109041.3V13631.9w11531.6X%10 110%90 99611061.5y7311z12831.88.7 6,292%91.3 6622972,521100THE FREQUENCY OF THE KURDISH SOUNDS/LETTERS(Figures are expressed as percentages of the total number: 72,521=100%)' l accented/unaspi rated□ il naccented/aspi rated"rS.5%7.3%2.6?(I.S(Figures are expressed as percentages of the total number: 72,521=%100)HEJMAREN K?RD? KURDISH NUMBERS0sif?r, n?n, tune30s?, s?h1yek31s? ? yek2du, dudu, dido40?el, ?il3sê, sise50pênc?4?ar60?est5pêne70heftê6?e?80he?te, hey?t?7heft90nod8he?t, hey?t100sed9neh101sed ? yek10deh112sed ? dozdeh11yazdeh, yanzdeh120sed ? b?st12dozdeh, donzdeh121sed ? b?st ? yek13sêzdeh200du sed14?ardeh300sê sed15panzdeh1.000hezar16?azdeh, ?anzdeh2.543du hezar ? pêne sed17hevdeh, huvdeh? ?el ? sisê18hejdeh, h?jdeh10.000lek, deh hezar19nozdeh500.000kir?r,pênc sed hezar20b?st1.000.000milyon21b?st ? yek1.000.000.000milyar ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download