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How to write a good AO2 essay for Paper 3 Ireland c1774-1923 Answers will be credited according to candidates’ deployment of material in relation to the qualities outlined in the AO2 generic mark scheme. How do I plan and answer an AO2 essay?Identify relevant material in the history source provided. In particular you need to carefully evaluate its value in relation to the question. This includes scrutinizing the source provenance as well as content! The content of the source may provide one or more essay factors – can you find this History gold mine in the source?Source provenance; author, location, relationship to topic and date of source. You must carefully examine this provenance which is normally located at the top of the source. E.g. Who was John Mitchel, is it a book, newspaper or pamphlet based article, significance of date, etc. The examiners will expect you to relate Mitchel’s source to the question (legacy of famine and impact on Irish Nationalism).The examiners will expect you to know about the author of these sources; Parnell, Wolfe Tone, O’Connell, Mitchel, Pearse, Carson, etcSource purpose; who is the intended audience, use of a media platform to make this work available to whole nation e.g. pamphlet or newspaperSource content; tone of source, factual or opinionated, statistical or word based, Who was the author and what was his purpose? John Mitchel – ‘Last conquest…..’This account of the Irish resistance to the Union is particularly interesting as it is told by the leading spokesperson for 19th Century Irish separatism, - John Mitchel. The book is well known for its claim that the famine in the years '46, '47 and '48 was a deliberate act of genocide by the British government. John Mitchel (1815-75) a Presbytrian (Protestant) qualified as a solicitor, joined Young Ireland, wrote for the Nation and later The United Irishmen. He was influenced by Carlyle's account of the French Revolution and, like Carlyle, liberally employs contempt, ridicule, and irony when making points about Crown ministers and colonial administrators. O'Connell's great 'Repeal' demonstrations were seen as a grave threat to the Union and Empire. Irish Nationalists like Mitchel argued that the government began to look for ways of reducing the population of Ireland. Mitchel argued that the failure of the potato crop (the main source of food) was greeted as a godsend among both Tories and Whigs. As the London Times commented: "The Celts are gone - gone with a vengeance. The Lord be praised". When the potato blight struck, Mitchel commented on the slowness of any help coming for the victims and yet rapidly the British Government rapidly increased the number of troops and police in the country and the imposition of curfew, while an elaborate system of outdoor relief, which included the tenants giving up their land, was introduced. Mitchel argues that efforts by private individuals and charities in Ireland to help the starving were discouraged by government representatives. There was sudden enthusiasm in England for the study of political economy - emphasizing that charitable efforts must not interfere with free trade. 1. The following points could be made about the origin and nature of the sourceand applied when giving weight to information and inferences:? A graduate from Trinity College, Dublin, Mitchel a married family man (he eloped to marry his sweetheart Jenny Verner) was an Irish based Nationalist activist at the time (Dublin), he would presumably have been knowledgeable and informed about the nature and extent of the famine as well as British Government attempts to deal with the impact of the Irish Famine. He had a legal brain and often defended colleagues against Government attempts to clamp down on his nationalist (‘seditious’) articles.? Mitchel as editor of the Nationalist Paper, ‘The Nation’ at the time of the Famine had knowledge and understanding of Irish Famine issues – he wrote articles on the Famine in ‘The Nation’? It is an article designed to shock, challenge and persuade, making a case through argument and rhetoric. To the British authorities in Ireland (based in Dublin Castle) it was seditious and back in 1848 he had been tried for sedition and sent to Tasmania for fourteen years after setting up the paper ‘The United Irishmen’ and having been connected to the ‘Young Ireland’ uprising. Mitchel managed to escape to America from the Tasmanian penal colony and reunited with his wife and family who had been smuggled there too. By the time he wrote ‘The last conquest of Ireland’ he was safely based in America and very much backing a growing Confederate pro-slavery movement in the USA which would erupt into Civil War just a year later. He was a strong supporter of slavery and all his sons fought for the Confederates in the US Civil War with two being killed and the other one maimed.?"We deny that it is a crime, or a wrong, or even a peccadillo to hold slaves, to buy slaves, to keep slaves to their work by flogging or other needful correction. We wish we had a good plantation well-stocked with healthy negroes in Alabama." Contemporaries as well as future Irish generations felt that he had tainted his radical political character by fervently supporting the idea that it was Manifest destiny that white people should enslave and dominate Black people in America. He eventually returned to Ireland where he was elected as MP for Tipperary County in 1875 but he was not allowed to take his seat due to his previous convictions, he died of natural causes that year. His firebrand Irish nationalism was recognised by Patrick Pearse as one of his greatest influences in bringing about the 1916 rebellion. ? The fact that it is in a published book provides evidence that the Irish Famine issue is of interest in and beyond Ireland.Last portrait of Mitchel in 1875Young pics of Mitchel and his wife Jenny – both families opposed their marriage and they eloped!2. The following inferences and significant points of information could be drawnand supported from the source:Tensions over the Famine in Ireland:? ? ? ? The part played by the British Government in responding to the famine:??????3. Knowledge of historical context should be deployed to support and developinferences and to confirm the value of the source.Relevant points may include:????? ................
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