Journal of Business and Management

J.B.M.

Vol. 17 No. 1

Journal of Business

and Management

Editors

Cristina M. Giannantonio, Ph.D.

Amy E. Hurley-Hanson, Ph.D.

Published by Chapman University¡¯s Argyros School of Business and Economics

Sponsored by the Western Decision Sciences Institute

WDSI

WDSI

WESTERN DECISION SCIENCES INSTITUTE

The Western Decision Sciences Institute is a regional division of the Decision Sciences

Institute. WDSI serves its interdisciplinary academic and business members primarily

through the organization of an annual conference and the publication of the Journal of

Business and Management. The conference and journal allow academicians and business

professionals from all over the world to share information and research with respect to all

aspects of education, business, and organizational decisions.

PRESIDENT

Mahyar Amouzegar

California State University, Long Beach

PRESIDENT-ELECT

Nafisseh Heiat

Montana State University-Billings

PROGRAM CHAIR/VICE PRESIDENT FOR PROGRAMS/PROCEEDINGS EDITOR

John Davies

Victoria University of Wellington

VICE PRESIDENT FOR PROGRAMS-ELECT

Sheldon R. Smith

Utah Valley State College

VICE PRESIDENT FOR MEMBER SERVICES

David Yen

Miami University of Ohio

SECRETARY/TREASURER

Richard L. Jenson

Utah State University

DIRECTOR OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Abbas Heiat

Montana State University - Billings

IMMEDIATE PAST-PRESIDENT

G. Keong Leong

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENT

Vijay Kannan

Utah State University

Journal of Business and Management ¨C Vol. 17, No. 1, 2011

Journal of Business and Management

Volume 17, Number 1

2011

EDITORS

Cristina M. Giannantonio, Chapman University

Amy E. Hurley-Hanson, Chapman University

J.B.M.

Journal of Business

and Management

EDITORS

Cristina M. Giannantonio, Chapman University

Amy E. Hurley-Hanson, Chapman University

EDITORIAL BOARD

Nancy Borkowski

Florida International University

Krishna S. Dhir

Berry College

Sonia M. Goltz

Michigan Tech University

Miles G. Nicholls

RMIT University

Richard L. Jenson

Utah State University

Terri A. Scandura

University of Miami

Jeffrey A. Sonnenfeld

Yale University

Victor H. Vroom

Yale University

PAST EDITORS

Burhan Yavas, California State University Dominguez Hills 1993-1999

Raymond Hogler, Colorado State University 2000-2004

EDITORIAL STAFF

Rosalinda Monroy, Chapman University, Strategic Marketing and Communications

Jaclyn Witt, Editorial Assistant

Journal of Business and Management ¨C Vol. 17, No. 1, 2011

We would like to thank the many ad hoc reviewers who shared their expertise

to review the manuscripts submitted to JBM over the past few years. Their time and

effort greatly contributed to the Journal of Business and Management.

David A. Buchanan

Nathan Ostreich

Cranfield University

San Diego State University

Pearl Brewer

Feraidoon Raafat

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

San Diego State University

Russell W. Clayton

James Rairdon

The University of Mississippi

National Academy University

Drew Dahl

Bonnie Roach

Utah State University

Ohio University

Bruce Dehning

Valerie Rosenblatt

Chapman University

University of Hawai¡¯i at Manoa

Susanna Fellman

Scott Safranski

University of Helsinki

Saint Louis University

Susan Flaherty

Yusuf Sidani

Towson University

American University of Beirut

Stephen Hartman

Thomas W. Sloan

New York Institute of Technology

University of Massachusetts, Lowell

Andrew Hebdon

Yvonne Stedham

University of Mississippi

University of Nevada, Reno

Steve Jaros

Richard Sudek

Southern University

Chapman University

Mark Johnson

Alexsey Tikhomirov

Idaho State University

Binghamton University

Karen M. Leonard

Neharika Vohra

Indiana State University, Fort Wayne

Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad

Matthew McCarter

Ying Wang

Chapman University

Montana State University, Billings

Bj?rn Michaelis

Hong Zhu

University of Heidelberg

Loyola University Maryland

iii

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