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Assist.Prof. Dr. Mohammed Al-dujailiDepartment of Ceramics Engineering and Building MaterialsFaculty of Materials EngineeringThe University of Babylon2017-2018Lecture 1Stage: forthChapter 1Industrial Engineering as a concepts, importance and Duties of Industrial engineer Overview While the term originally applied to manufacturing, the use of "industrial" in "industrial engineering" can be somewhat misleading. This is because, it has grown to encompass any methodical or quantitative approach to optimizing how a process, system, or organization operates. However, some engineering universities and educational agencies around the world have changed the term "industrial" to broader terms such as "production" or "systems", leading to the typical extensions noted above. In fact, the primary U.S. professional organization for the industrial engineers, the Institute of Industrial Engineers (IIE) has been considering changing its name to something broader (such as the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers), although the latest vote among membership deemed this unnecessary for the time being. Concept of Industrial Engineering Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering dealing with the optimization of complex processes or systems. It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of employees, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis.As well as, the mathematical and physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or processes. Its underlying concepts overlap considerably with certain operation-oriented disciplines; such as operations engineering, but the engineering side tends to emphasize extensive mathematical proficiency and usage of quantitative methods. Or: Depending on the subspecialties involved, industrial engineering may also be known as, or overlap with, operations processes, manufacturing science, operations research engineering, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering, ergonomics or human factors engineering, safety engineering, or others, depending on the viewpoint or motives of the user.For instance, in health care, the engineers known as health management engineers or health systems engineers are, in essence, industrial engineers by another name. The Industrial Engineering as a plan, Industrial Engineers plan, design, implement and manage integrated production and service delivery systems that ensure performance, reliability, maintainability, schedule adherence and cost control Importance of Industrial EngineeringIndustrial engineering is a type of engineering. It is one of the fastest growing areas of engineering. It looks at what makes organizations work best. An industrial engineer tries to find the right combination of machines and natural resources, technology, equipment, information and finance to do the work best.Furthermore, the industrial engineering is important to finding the answers for the many important problems in the manufacturing, distribution of the products and services, health care, utilities, transportation, and the environment. Industrial engineers design and change how things are done to increase quality, safety and productivity.So, the industrial engineering is a very important to the companies according to the following reasons; 1. Industrial engineering has provided a systematic approach to streamline and improve productivity and efficiency in the process. 2. The most distinctive aspect of industrial engineering is the flexibility that it offers. Whether it’s shortening a streamlining an operating room, distributing products worldwide, or manufacturing superior automobiles, all share the common goal of saving money and increasing efficiencies.3. Industrial engineers are the only engineering professionals trained as productivity and quality improvement specialists.4. Industrial engineers figure out ways to do things better. They engineer processes and systems that improve quality and productivity. They work to eliminate waste of time, materials, energy, and other products. Most important of all, IE’s save companies money. This is why more and more companies are hiring industrial engineers.5. The industrial does not mean just manufacturing. It encompasses service industries as well. It has long been known that industrial engineers have the technical training to make improvements in a manufacturing setting. Figure below explain the importance Figure: Importance of Industrial EngineeringIEs Work in Many Types of Industries1. Aerospace & Airplanes 2. Aluminum & Steel 3. Banking 4.Ceramics 5. Construction 6. Consulting 7. Electronics Assembly 8. Energy 9. Materials Testing 10. Medical Services 11. Military 12. Mining 13. Oil & Gas 14. Plastics & Forming 15. Shipbuilding 16. Transportation.Figure: Types of IndustriesSome Techniques Utilized by IEs1 Benchmarking 12. Design of Experiments 2. Equipment Utilization 13.Flow Diagramming3 Information & Data Flow 14. Diagramming 4. Interviewing for Information 15. Lean Manufacturing 5. Modeling & Testing 16. Operations Auditing 6. Organizational Analysis 17. Pilot Programs 7. Plant & Equipment Layout 18. Project Engineering 8. Simulation 19. Six Sigma projects9. Statistical Analysis 20. Strategic Planning 10. Theory of Constraints 21. Time Studies 11. Work Sampling.Figure: Techniques Applied in the IEsDuties of Industrial engineer bs to solve a variety of problems:1. Determining the best location of machines in a factory, 2. Developing a system for controlling the inventory levels3. Designing automated material handling systems for the movement of parts in a factory4. Designing a mission plan for payload specialists on the NASA space shuttle5. Designing computer-integrated manufacturing systems and decision support systems for integrating information and control between manufacturing systems, 6. Designing a new plan for scheduling cases to operating rooms in a hospital, or production orders in a factory7. Developing reliability and quality management systems to ensure that a manufactured product is free from defects8. Developing programs for analyzing human reliability to assess work place safety.9. Designing computer graphics systems to assist operators in the monitoring and control of industrial processes.Diagram of introduction to Industrial EngineeringProduction/Manufacturing Control? Processes? Work Measurement? Plant Layout and Material Handling? Inventory Control? Scheduling? CAD/CAM and CNC? Human Factors/Ergonomics? Engineering Economy? Information Systems Figure: Production/Manufacturing Control ................
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