High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 The 2019 Scottie Round FourWritten and edited by current and former players and coaches including Todd Garrison, Tyler Reid, Olivia Kiser, Rajeev Nair, Garrison Page, Caleb Tamminga, Parker Bannister, Hunter Lindsey, Mason Reid, and Anish Patel (with a special assist by Ramapriya Rangaraju)TOSSUPS1. Rietveld refinement is used in a field named because of its use of these objects. Bragg’s law describes how light is scattered as it passes through one of these structures, and when under stress, these things can exhibit piezoelectricity. The liquid variety of these structures exhibit (*) ordered alignment without being considered a solid, and are most commonly found in TV displays. Terms used to describe the shape of these include body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic. For 10 points, name these highly-ordered solids that form lattices.ANSWER: crystal <MR>2. In 1981, light pollution prompted this country’s namesake observatory at Castel Gandolfo to open a subsidiary in Arizona. The treaty that guaranteed this country’s sovereignty settled the Roman Question and the sovereign of this country survived an (*) assassination attempt in 1981 before supporting a pardon of his attacker in 2000. This country of only 600 citizens was formed by the Lateran Treaty and is known for using Swiss guards for protection. For 10 points, name this smallest country in the world, home to St. Peter’s Basilica and Pope Francis.ANSWER: Vatican City State [or Statto della Citta del Vaticano; or Status Civitas Vaticanae; do not accept or prompt on “Holy See” or “Papal States”] <TG>3. In Act IV of this play, one character disturbs a “house of life” by announcing the death of Aunt Rina. The protagonist of this play returns from a six-month long honeymoon to learn that a rival may receive a professorship that her husband is counting on, then allows that man to believe his (*) manuscript is lost. The title character in this play wishes Lovborg a “beautiful death” and offers him one of her father’s pistols to kill himself. For 10 points, name this play by Henrik Ibsen in which the title woman commits suicide. ANSWER: Hedda Gabler <TG>4. While hiking up this mountain, hikers often stop at Gilman’s Point, which is located on the rim of a volcanic crater. Ancient lava flows created this mountain’s Barranco Wall and the Western Breach. The Chagga people reside near this mountain, which was first climbed by Hans (*) Meyer in 1889. This mountain is called “Uhuru” in Swahili, and it is composed of three peaks. For 10 points, name this Tanzanian mountain that is the tallest mountain in Africa.ANSWER: Mount Kilimanjaro <PB>5. Before becoming famous, this man spent a brief time in the papal choir before being retired with a pension, and also spent time as an organist before being appointed as music director of the Julian Chapel. Inspired by Guillaume Dufay, and Josquin des Prez [jos-can du pray], this composer went on to write over 100 masses, madrigals, and motets, including (*) Missa Papae Marcelli. This composer is falsely believed to have saved polyphonic music at the Council of Trent. For 10 points, name this incredibly productive Italian composer of the Renaissance.ANSWER: Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina <TG>6. The classic symptoms of this disease are the three-C’s of cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Two to three days after symptoms of this illness appear, Koplik spots form in the mouth and can be used for diagnosis. Though this disease was declared eradicated in the U.S. in 2000, there have been more cases in (*) 2019 than in the past 25 years, possibly due to a decrease in vaccinations. An outbreak of this disease in April 2019 prompted a declaration of emergency in New York City, while another outbreak in 2015 centered around Disneyland. For 10 points, name this preventable viral disease typically vaccinated for alongside mumps and rubella.ANSWER: Measles Virus [accept Rubeola; do not accept “Rubella” or “German measles”] <CT>7. This franchise debuted as the Colt 45s in 1962, and their longtime stadium was once billed as the eighth wonder of the world. From 1976 to 1986, this team wore a popular rainbow uniform, and a vintage sweater sold out in minutes after Kate Upton wore one to game 7 of an ALCS with the Yankees. George (*) Springer was named MVP of this team’s first World Series win in 2017, and this team’s mascot is named Orbit. For 10 points, name this American League West baseball team that plays in Minute Maid Park in Texas.ANSWER: Houston Astros [accept either] <TG>8. An early play by this screenwriter and playwright centered around two old men sitting on a park bench talking about ducks. In another play by this author of Duck Variations, Don, Bobby, and Teach plot to steal back a buffalo nickel they wish they hadn’t sold. Al Pacino once starred in that play, (*) American Buffalo, and also starred as Ricky Roma in the 30th anniversary of this playwright’s Pulitzer-winning play about desperate real-estate salesmen. For 10 points, name this writer of Glengarry Glen Ross.ANSWER: David Alan Mamet <TG>9. This ruler was sent to France at the age of five after a betrothal was finalized, although that marriage ended after her spouse died at sixteen. This ruler’s secretary, David Rizzio, was murdered in a plot after her husband grew jealous. She became the ruler of her country at (*) six days old, but spent the last sixteen years of her life imprisoned in her country’s southern neighbor. She was executed for treason after being indicted in the Babington plot. For 10 points, name this queen, the daughter of James V and mother of James VI, a political rival of Elizabeth I of England. ANSWER: Mary, Queen of Scots [or Mary Stuart; or Mary I of Scotland; prompt on “Mary” or “Mary I”] <OK>10. This painting’s central figure is said to be “standing upright in the centre of a St. Andrew’s cross” by Michel Foucault, who devoted the first chapter of The Order of Things to this work. A mirror in the background reflects two figures otherwise not in this painting, and after it was finished, a red cross was added to one figure in it. That figure stands behind a large (*) canvas on this painting’s left, while on its right, a mastiff is roused by the foot of a dwarf. For 10 points, name this Diego Velasquez painting featuring the Infanta Margarita.ANSWER: Las Meninas [or The Maids of Honor; or The Ladies in Waiting] <TR>11. Plato’s dialogue Theaetetus [thee-uh-TEE-tuss] is often regarded as the origin of a popular definition of this concept, which was later challenged by Edmund Gettier. John Locke criticized the rationalist theory of this concept in a work that also includes the idea that the mind at birth is a (*) blank slate. Skeptics doubt the ability to attain this concept, which can be defined as justified true belief. For 10 points, name this concept studied in epistemology, which can be attained through experience or learning.ANSWER: knowledge [accept word forms such as knowing; prompt on “justified true belief” before mention; do not prompt on just “belief”] <TR>12. ?Cyanide is used to mine for gold by exploiting this property in a process known as leaching. Aqua regia is so named due to its unique interactions with this property. Water softeners operate by exploiting the common ion effect to reduce the value of this property, which is measuring using its namesake product, (*) k-sub-sp. When the maximum effect of this property has been achieved for a mixture, it is known as saturated, and this property generally increases with temperature. For 10 points, give this term describing the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.ANSWER: solubility [accept word forms] <RR> 13. This color partially titles a traveler’s guide for African-American motorists published by a New York postal worker. Serial killer Gary Leon Ridgway’s nickname came from a river of this color in Washington state. A political party named after this color called for (*) recounts after the 2016 US election, in which that party’s candidate was Jill Stein. For 10 points, identify this color, which names an Ethan Allen-led group of “Mountain Boys.”ANSWER: green <TG>14. In the most recent novel by this author, the title action occurs so that the protagonist can find the missing girl Mariye. Another novel by him features the illiterate man Nanaki, who finds lost cats. This author of Killing Commendatore wrote a very long novel about (*) Aomame [ah-oh-MAH-meh], who grew up in a cult called “The Society of Witnesses.” The breakthrough novel of this writer of Kafka on the Shore focuses on Toru Watanabe. For 10 points, name this Japanese author of 1Q84, Norwegian Wood, and The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle.ANSWER: Haruki Murakami <OK>15. After the collapse of this entity, a ruler named Nuhu established the Dendi Kingdom in its place. One of this empire’s rulers, Ishaq II, was deposed after his forces were defeated by the Morroccan forces of Judar Pasha at the Battle of Tondibi in 1591. This empire’s first ruler was (*) Sonni Ali, and its capital was at Gao. For 10 points, name this West-African empire whose most famous ruler was Askia Muhammed. ANSWER: Songhai Empire <PB>16. Along with John Gough, this scientist names the effect that relates the tendency of stretched rubber bands to counterintuitively contract when cooled, a process exploited in O-ring seals. He’s not Heinrich Lenz, but this physicist discovered that the magnitude of the thermal emissions of a conductor is proportional to its resistance multiplied by the square of the current passing through it, this scientist’s namesake (*) “heating.” Along with William Thompson, this man developed the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature. For 10 points, name this scientist who lends his name to the SI units of energy and work.ANSWER: James Prescott Joule <RR>17. A man named Zhang Yu synthesized the Lu and Qi versions to form the standard version of this text. A passage from these writings compares virtue to the North, or “Pole” star, and two important concepts translated as “ritual” and “empathy” in this work are (*) Li and Ren. Filial piety is expected of the Junzi according to these sayings assembled during the Warring States period. For 10 points, name this collection composed of the sayings of Confucius.ANSWER: The Analects of Confucius [or Lunyu] <TG>18. The first musical written by this person was called Cinderella Up the Beanstalk and Most Everywhere Else? In the title song of a work by this composer, Judas asks Jesus why he “chose such a backward time” to arrive. Tim Rice has regularly collaborated with this composer of (*) Evita, who once had six theatrical works running at the same time in the West End. For 10 points, Christine sings “The Music of the Night” in one work by this composer of Jesus Christ Superstar and The Phantom of the Opera.ANSWER: Andrew Lloyd Webber [or Baron Lloyd-Webber] <TG>19. In one story from this anthology, a white furred seal named Kotick spends years finding a home for his herd, while in the final story, Her Majesty’s Servants, a mule, camel, and horse are among a group of animals who discuss how they serve the army. In this collection’s opening story, a (*) man-cub nicknamed “the frog” is saved when Bagheera pays the price of a bull. A mongoose saves a family from Nag and Nagaina in this collection. For 10 points, name this work highlighted by Mowgli’s adventures in a forest in India.ANSWER: The Jungle Book <TG>20. A giant named Olentzaro who lives in the Pyrenees is the Basque version of this figure. French children leave out carrots for their version of this person’s donkey. A half-goat, half-demon creature who follows a variant of this legend on his journeys is named (*) Krampus. The saint around which this legend has mostly centered is the patron of children, but didn’t actually have anything to do with the holiday this person is associated with. For 10 points, give a common name for this jolly character who delivers presents to children on Christmas.ANSWER: Santa Claus [accept Pere Noel; accept St. Nicholas; accept Father Christmas] <TG>BONUSES:1. Inspired by FDR's 1941 State of the Union address, this artist created a series of oil paintings called The Four Freedoms. For 10 points each:[10] Name this artist known for his depictions of American culture. He portrayed Ruby Bridges in The Problem We All Live With.ANSWER: Norman Perceval Rockwell[10] Rockwell’s Four Freedoms were one of the many illustrations he completed for this American magazine that, despite its name, runs twice every month.ANSWER: The Saturday Evening Post[10] Also known as The Thanksgiving Picture, this third painting in The Four Freedoms series accompanies Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Worship, and Freedom from Fear.ANSWER: Freedom from Want <CT>2. In his dissenting opinion in this case, Justice Potter Stuart called a particular state’s law regarding contraceptives “uncommonly silly.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this 1965 case in which the court ruled that a law banning contraceptives in that northeastern state interfered with an individual’s right to privacy.ANSWER: Griswold v. Connecticut[10] This amendment provided support for the court’s decision in Griswold v. Connecticut. It states that individuals have rights not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution.ANSWER: 9th Amendment[10] Griswold v. Connecticut was decided while this man was Chief Justice. Brown v. Board and Miranda v. Arizona were also decided in this man’s court.ANSWER: Earl Warren <PB>3. Answer some questions about a hero to the Metis [may-tees] people of Canada, for 10 points each.[10] This man was tried and hanged after leading the North-West Rebellion of 1885. His execution helped to fuel French-Canadian opposition in Canada.ANSWER: Louis David Riel[10] The North-West Rebellion took place in this administrative district of Canada. Riel was executed in Regina, the capital of this modern-day province.ANSWER: Saskatchewan [10] Riel had been exiled from Canada for 5 years in 1875 after his role in this earlier rebellion. This rebellion was titled by a namesake river “of the North.”ANSWER: Red River Rebellion <TG>4. This author’s novel We The Living focuses on Kira Argounova’s life in post-revolutionary Russia. For 10 points each: [10] Name this author, whose novel The Fountainhead is about the architect Howard Roark. She is also known for being the founder of Objectivism. ANSWER: Ayn Rand[10] Rand’s most famous novel is this one, in which Dagny Taggart and Hank Rearden chafe at government regulation and go in search of John Galt. ANSWER: Atlas Shrugged[10] Dagny Taggart runs a business in this industry. Real-life figures in this industry include Jay Gould and Cornelius Vanderbilt. ANSWER: railroad <OK>5. Answer some questions about a branch of philosophy that is also studied in mathematics and computer science, for 10 points each.[10] This branch of philosophy studies the validity of different methods of reasoning and inference. Its propositional variety is concerned with statements like “if P, then Q.”ANSWER: logic[10] This man laid much of the foundation for computers by developing a namesake form of logic where statements can only have two values, true or false, which are usually represented as 1 and 0.ANSWER: George Boole[10] In logic, a conditional statement is logically equivalent to this other relation. For the general conditional “if P, then Q,” this statement can be expressed as “if not Q, then not P.”ANSWER: contrapositive [or contraposition] <TR>6. This country faced criticism upon the rolling out of its Sharia penal code in April 2019. For 10 points each:[10] Bandar Seri Begawan is this country’s capital. The Sharia penal code in this country includes “hudud” punishments such as amputation for theft, and death by stoning for adultery.ANSWER: The Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace[10] The Sultan of Brunei announced a moratorium on the death penalty for people in this community, after a backlash highlighted by Elton John’s call for a boycott against Brunei-owned motels.ANSWER: homosexual [accept any description of the LGBTQ community][10] Brunei is located on this third largest island in the world, which it shares with Indonesia and Malaysia.ANSWER: Pulau Borneo [or Kalimantan] <TG>7. Answer these questions about a fundamental concept in thermodynamics. For 10 points each:[10] Name this scalar quantity, often measured in PSI and Pascals, that can be found by dividing a unit of force by the area over which the force is distributed.ANSWER: pressure[10] In 1801, this man discovered that the total pressure exerted in a system of ideal gases is equal to the sum of each individual gas’s partial pressure.ANSWER: John Dalton[10] This law states that the partial pressure of a gas equals the sum of vapor pressure times the mole fraction of its liquid phase, and is named for the French chemist who discovered it in 1887.ANSWER: Raoult’s law <MP>8. This composer is considered one of the greatest performers of his time, along with contemporaries Clara Schumann and Joseph Joachim. For 10 points each:[10] Name this composer, who forms the “Three B’s” along with Bach and Beethoven.ANSWER: Johannes Brahms [10] After Brahms was nominated for an honorary doctorate from the University of Breslau, he composed this work in tribute to the university.ANSWER: Academic Festival Overture[10] Brahms was one of the major composers of this musical period, which was characterized by its large orchestras and freedom of form.ANSWER: romantic<HL>9. This author stopped writing entirely at the age of 21. For 10 points each:[10] Name this poet, the author of Illuminations and A Season in Hell.ANSWER: Arthur Rimbaud[10] Rimbaud had a tumultuous affair with this other poet, which ended with this man shooting Rimbaud in the wrist. He wrote “Clair de Lune,” which later inspired Debussy. ANSWER: Paul Verlaine[10] Both Rimbaud and Verlaine wrote in this language. Other poets who wrote in this language include Charles Baudelaire. ANSWER: French <OK>10. In Globalization and its Discontents, this economist criticized the International Monetary Fund, stating that its policies did not work in the interest of developing countries. For 10 points each:[10] This Columbia University professor shared the 2001 Nobel Prize in Economics with two other men for their analysis of markets with asymmetric information. ANSWER: Joseph Stiglitz[10] In his work on asymmetric information, Stiglitz criticized this economic concept by saying it does not always apply to real-world economies. This concept argues that individuals work in the best interest of the society as a whole.ANSWER: Invisible Hand[10] The idea of the “invisible hand” was developed by this Scottish economist who wrote The Wealth of Nations.ANSWER: Adam Smith <PB>11. This man called out “Is anyone here?” to which a mountain nymph replied “here.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this prideful man, who is punished to fall in love with his own reflection by Nemesis for scorning the embrace of Echo.ANSWER: Narcissus[10] One of these objects sprung out of the ground where Narcissus wasted away. According to Ovid, this object was found with five white petals surrounding a yellow center. ANSWER: Narcissus’ flower[10] This other mythical figure also shares his name with a flower after it grew from this man’s blood when he died trying to catch a discus thrown by his lover Apollo.ANSWER: Hyacinth [or Hyacinthus] <CT>12. This leader was supposedly the first head of state to be assassinated by a handgun. For 10 points each:[10] Name this leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish, and who was the grandfather of William III of England.ANSWER: William I of Orange [or William the Silent][10] The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule is generally known as this war, referring to its length. It was ended by the Peace of Munster and the independence of the Dutch Republic. ANSWER: Eighty Years’ War[10] At the time of the Eighty Years’ War, Spain was ruled by this house. This house originated in Austria, and its rule in Spain ended with the death of the colossally inbred Charles II. ANSWER: House of Habsburg [or House of Hapsburg] <OK>13. In a flashback in this novel, Geoffrey Clifton attempts to kill himself and the passengers on his plane by crashing it, but only succeeds in killing himself. For 10 points each:[10] Name this novel, in which the title character is revealed to be Laszlo de Almasy, who has been burned and is being tended by Hana. ANSWER: The English Patient[10] The English Patient is a book by this author, who co-edits the journal Brick and wrote the verse novel The Collected Works of Billy the Kid.ANSWER: Michael Ondaatje[10] Ondaatje was born in Sri Lanka but is considered to be from this country. The most famous author from this country is likely Margaret Atwood. ANSWER: Canada <OK>14. Some traditions of this holiday include wearing the colors purple, green, and gold, eating King’s Cake, and the throwing of beads or other trinkets to parade-goers. For 10 points each:[10] Name this day, a celebration of indulgence which is French for Fat Tuesday. ANSWER: Mardi Gras[10] Mardi Gras is the last day before this six-week period of penance that Christians adhere to in preparation for Easter. In this period of time, fasting or the giving up of certain luxuries is observed.ANSWER: Lent[10] Lent begins with this day in which the leaves of the previous year’s Palm Sunday are burned and used to mark the symbol of the cross on the body of Christians.ANSWER: Ash Wednesday <CT>15. This building was once a hunting lodge before having extensive additions. For 10 points each:[10] Name this notable residence of Louis XIVANSWER: Palace of Versailles [or Chateau de Versailles][10] The most famous room in the palace is this one, which features seventeen arches showcasing the room’s titular objects. It also includes a Peace Salon and a War Salon.ANSWER: Hall of Mirrors[10] The highly decorative ceiling and interior design of the Hall of Mirrors were completed by this French artist known as the“First Painter of the King.”ANSWER: Charles Le Brun <CT>16. This leader of the Spanish-American wars of Independence correctly predicted many future outcomes in South America in his “Letter from Jamaica.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this leader who proclaimed the Republic of Gran Colombia soon after his victory at the Battle of Boyaca.ANSWER: Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco[10] Bolivar met with this leader at the Guayaquil Conference. This man was called “the Savior of Chile” by Bernardo O’Higgins after the Battle of Maipu.ANSWER: Jose Francisco de San Martín y Matorras[10] This feat was accomplished by San Martin and O’Higgins when they led an army from Mendoza, Argentina to defeat royalist forces in Santiago, Chile at the Battle of Chacabuco. ANSWER: the Crossing of the Andes [accept descriptions of crossing the Andes] <TG>17. This metal’s alloys are called amalgams. For 10 points each:[10] Name this transition metal with atomic number 80.ANSWER: mercury[10] This ore, from which mercury is mined, was the material originally used to create vermilion pigment.ANSWER: cinnabar[10] Mercury is sometimes called by this common term, due to its unusual liquid properties at room temperature.ANSWER: quicksilver <TC>18. This nation drew criticism during the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup for continuing to celebrate goals in their 13 to 0 victory over Thailand. For 10 points each:[10] Name this nation, the winner of the last two Women’s World Cups. The 2026 men’s World Cup will be hosted partially in this nation along with its North American neighbors.ANSWER: United States of America [accept either underlined portion; or USA][10] This US winger was named Best Player for the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup. She tied for top goalscorer at the event and became the oldest woman to score in a World Cup final.ANSWER: Megan Rapinoe[10] Rapinoe was criticized for saying that she wouldn’t visit this place to celebrate the US victory. An invitation to this place is traditionally given to every major US sports champion.ANSWER: White House <TR>19. In this poem, the narrator notes that he has been “half in love with easeful death.” For 10 points each:[10] Identify this poem, from which F. Scott Fitzgerald took the title for Tender is the Night. It ends by asking “do I wake or sleep?”ANSWER: “Ode to a Nightingale”[10] “Ode to a Nightingale” was written by this English poet, who also wrote “La Belle Dame sans Merci” and “Ode on a Grecian Urn.”ANSWER: John Keats[10] In “Ode to a Nightingale,” the title bird is described as possessing this quality after the narrator proclaims “Thou wast not born for death.”ANSWER: being immortal [or immortality; accept reasonable equivalents] <TR>20. The only member of this infra-class native to the U.S. and Canada is the Virginia opossum. For 10 points each:[10] Name this infra-class of mammals, whose members typically carry their young in a pouch.ANSWER: marsupial[10] Most marsupials exhibit this behavior, which describes their biological rhythm of inactivity in the daytime and activity in the nighttime. ANSWER: nocturnal [or nocturnality][10] Though this other group of mammals shares many characteristics with marsupials, members of this group are distinct in that they possess electroreception, secrete milk through their skin, and can lay eggs.ANSWER: monotremes <CT> ................
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