Georges Bizet, Composer



Presentation on the Five different Periods of Music and Composers from those Periods of our HistoryStudio Class for October 27, 2012Piano students: Isaac Ziegler, Davin Ikeogu, Prisca Ikeogu, Austin Ikeogu, Jensen Hirsch, Rylan Bannerman, Graeme BannermanAlicia KeysAntonio VivaldiBartolomeo Cristofori di Francesco“Inventor” of the pianoLudwig van Beethoven Bobby VintonBryan AdamsClara Schumann Claude Debussy Diana Krall Domenico Scarlatti Edvard Hagerup GriegFelix MendelssohnFranz Liszt Franz Liszt’s music room Frederic Francois Chopin George Frideric HandelGeorge Handel’s “Fireworks”George’s home in Halle, Brandenburg-Prussia Georges Bizet Giacomo Pucinni Giovanni Gabrieli Girma Yifrashewa Harpsichord in the Flemish Style Grand PianoHarry Connick Jr.Jean-Philippe RameauJohann Sebastian Bach Johannes Brahms John LegendA picture of Julie Andrews and the actors portraying the Von Trapp children, from my favourite musical, “The Sound of Music”. Jully BlackKenneth “Babyface” Edmonds Lionel RitchieMatt Rapley, from Regina Mauro Giuliani Oscar PetersonRay Charles Renee RosnesRobert Schumann Sarah McLachlanSpinet, like a small harpsichordIntroduction:Music can be described as being part of five different periods or eras of our world’s history. During these times, there were and constantly continue to be many, many talented musicians and composers who created “musical works of art” for us to enjoy, always. The reason for describing music as “works of art” is because we can strive to have our songs paint a picture in someone’s mind, so that they can experience the story we are playing for them. So, time to open our hearts, minds, and ears as our goal is to gain knowledge about these fives periods of musical history today, and about a few of the composers during these times as well I. To begin with, the first period was known as the RENAISSANCE, which took place between the years 1450 – 1600. One of the composers during this time was a fellow by the name of Giovanni Gabrieli – we will soon meet him.II. The BAROQUE period of music happened during the years of 1600 - 1750. Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel and Antonio Vivaldi are three of the composers during this particular era. We will study Mr. Bach today. III. Next in this time series comes the CLASSICAL period, which ran from 1750 – 1820. Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart are three of the composers who left their incredible mark in this time of musical history. We’ll find out more about Mr. Beethoven and Mr. Mozart today too. IV. Georges Bizet was a composer during the ROMANTIC period of music, 1820 – 1910 and I hope that you will enjoy listening to a selection of his music. Another composer that we will study from this era is Johannes Brahms. V. It is said that the fifth period of music is known as 20th Century music, and it began where the Romantic period ended, in 1910 and continues to the present. Even though there are a tremendous number of styles of music, and composers during these years, we will focus on Mr. Igor Stravinsky. Renaissance Period ?Renaissance 1450-1600 The word "Renaissance" means "rebirth." The Renaissance musical period saw a rebirth of ideas and the appreciation of music in the lives of everyday people. During this time, music reflected the excitement of discoveries that people were making in the world and in their own lives. More people were going to school- learning about history, science and culture. People were studying their own cultures and the history of the world, allowing them to appreciate the arts in ways they had not in the past. If you wanted to be considered a well-educated person during the Renaissance, you were expected to understand and appreciate music.Musical compositions during the Renaissance reflected the belief that the arts were valuable in making human life fulfilling for everyone- not just a select few. Printed music was available for the first time during the Renaissance, allowing people of all backgrounds to own their own copies of music and to learn musical pieces at home or at their churches. Instrumental and dance music were very popular- music was still heard in church, but music was coming to be appreciated in everyday life as well. Composers during the Renaissance often focused on themes of religion, other arts and literary works. Many composers liked to express through their music, stories and texts that already existed. The individual musician was beginning to become recognized for their artistry more than in the past.Above: French painting of the VoltaAbove: Printed sheet musicGiovanni Gabrieli, ComposerDates:Born Around 1555 in Venice, ItalyDied August 12, 1612 in Venice, ItalyNationality:ItalianStyle/Period:RenaissanceListen to:Gabrieli was also the first to request dynamic changes from the musicians in his Sonata piano e forte. for the "antiphonal" style that Gabrieli made famous- different choirs of instruments "answer" each other in the music. It was popular during the Renaissance, especially since it sounded beautiful in church- a place where much music of the time was heard.-438150553720Bio:Gabrieli was born in Venice around 1555. His uncle, Andrea, an organist in Munich, Germany, who wrote music for many ceremonies and festivals, helped raise Gabrieli, his three sisters and two brothers. The grandeur of his uncle's music fascinated the young Gabrieli and he absorbed everything that he heard.Later, back in Venice, Gabrieli wrote music in which four or more groups would play at the same time with the musicians standing in different places in the performance area. The use of instruments in this fashion laid the groundwork for the modern orchestra.Baroque PeriodBaroque 1600-1750Extravagant, ornamented, fancy, irregular... These are all adjectives that describe the music of the Baroque period- a period in which the art and architecture in the world was also very ornate and fancy. During the Baroque period, royalty and church leaders were focused on being the best and brightest and showing off their finest things- including music written for them. They hired composers to write pieces that they insisted be flashier than pieces of the past. With every composition, music grew more and more showy and complicated. Composers were treated like servants- they were only allowed to compose what their religious bosses or noble employers asked them to compose, and oftentimes, it was on VERY short notice!Above: The Baroque Palace of Versailles in France began as a Above: Harpsichord (key colours are inverted) simple stone and brick home designed by Philibert Le Roy in 1624. In 1669, architect Louis Le Vau began a detailed renovation and expansion. The Baroque period saw the beginnings of instrumental concertos (pieces featuring one instrument). Keyboard music for the harpsichord was also a focus of compositions- there were many composers of the time that were amazing keyboardists. Dance music also saw a rise in popularity. However, music written for the human voice was the most common composition style of the time. Operas and oratorios (musical settings of a sacred text) were unbelievably popular with Baroque audiences.5648325-400050Johann Sebastian Bach, ComposerDates:Born March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, GermanyDied July 28, 1750 in Leipzig, GermanyNationality:GermanStyle/Period:BaroqueFamous Works:The Well Tempered Clavier, St. Matthew Passion, B-Minor Mass and St. John PassionListen to:Bach was an example of a master composer of the Baroque who wrote very fancy-sounding keyboard music. Listen for the "showy" sounds of this piece for organ. J.S. Bach, Tocatta and Fugue in Dm for organ once had to spend a month in jail because he tried to quit his job composing and playing for a duke. During that month in jail, he wrote forty-six pieces of music, many of which are still performed today!! Bach, a dazzling organist and church musician, had to compose all kinds of original pieces for every church service including pieces for choir, organ, harpsichord and orchestra. Since most of his music was written to be performed in a church service only once, and then thrown out, very little of his music was published during his lifetime – this is very sad! It was for this reason that Bach composed more music than almost any other composer. However, his musical genius was not recognized until about 100 years after his death, which is also very sad. Bach was famous for his music and for something else – he and his wife had twenty children! Five were named Johann, two Johanna and four grew up to become famous composers. Another reason that Mr. Bach may be remembered long after other composers is because in 1977, the Voyager spacecraft was launched into space carrying recordings of three pieces by Bach – quite amazing! The pieces were: Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F. First Movement; "Gavotte en rondeaux" from the Partita No. 3 in E major for Violin and The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book 2, Prelude and Fugue in C, No.1.?Classical 1750-1820 The period that came before the Classical period, the Baroque, was a time of ornamentation and cluttered sounds. The Classical period focused on the opposite types of sounds- music during that period was orderly, uncluttered, well-planned and precise. Music was expected to be technically pleasing and grounded in certain traditions and styles that had been "approved" by the public, often quite formal. Composers were seen as workers who were hired to write music that would please their employer. Vienna, Austria was the center of musical activity during the Classical period. Composers traveled from near and far to study with music teachers in Vienna. Vienna was such a hot spot for musicians that a style was even named for much of the music composed during the time: the "Viennese Style." The size of the symphony orchestra was growing, allowing composers to create more complicated pieces calling for new instruments that made unique sounds unheard before this time. Opera remained very popular, as did symphonies, concertos (a musical composition usually composed in three parts or movements, in which (usually) one solo instrument (for instance, a piano, violin, cello or flute) is accompanied by an orchestra) and sonatas (may be thought of as pieces featuring one instrument).A typical symphony orchestra consists of about 100 players, divided into families. Each section is led by a principal player; the principal first violinist is called the concertmaster. Ludwig van Beethoven, ComposerDates:Born December 16, 1770 in Bonn, GermanyDied March 26, 1827 in Vienna, AustriaNationality:GermanStyle/Period:ClassicalFamous Works:Symphonies 1 through 9, Moonlight Sonata, Fur Elise, Fidelio, and Missa SolemnisListen to:Moonlight Sonata Sonata No. 28 in A Major, Op. 101 sketch for Piano Sonata No. 28, Movement IV, Geschwind, doch nicht au sehr und mit Entschlossenheit (Allegro), in his own handwriting. The piece was completed in 1816.Bio:Beethoven grew up in Bonn, Germany in a very unhappy home. By the time he was twelve, he was earning a living for his family by playing organ and composing. He was eventually known as the greatest pianist of his time!! One of Beethoven's favorite foods was macaroni and cheese. He also loved strong coffee - exactly 60 coffee beans to one cup. Mr. Beethoven never married. His first two symphonies are very much in the same style and form as those of composers that came before him - most notably Franz Joseph Haydn, his teacher. But Beethoven's writing as seen in his third symphony had developed beyond that of his teacher. Named Eroica, his third symphony was so different from the ones that had come before that it changed music forever. Its originality and innovation even inspired others to change the way that they composed! It was originally dedicated to Napoleon Bonaparte; however, when Beethoven heard that Napoleon had proclaimed himself Emperor, he went into a rage and destroyed the title page – YIKES! Although Beethoven gradually lost his hearing, he composed many of the most famous musical works of all time, such as his ninth symphony, after he had become totally deaf.View of Vienna in 1758CHALLENGE: Why not compose a song of your own? It would be important to write down the notes, so that others could play it as well. I would really love to listen to it at piano class sometime. Thank you for considering doing this challengeWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, ComposerDates:Born January 27, 1756 in Salzburg, AustriaDied December 5, 1791 in Vienna, AustriaNationality:AustrianStyle/Period:ClassicalFamous Works:Mozart wrote over 600 works during his lifetime, including 41 symphonies (Eine Kleine Nachtmusik), and 27 piano concertos. Three of his most famous operas include The Marriage of Figaro, The Magic Flute and Don Giovanni. He is also famous for his Requiem mass.Listen to:Listen for Mozart's carefully planned, pleasing sounds in this piece. (Mozart was a composer who spent a GREAT deal of time in Vienna during the Classical period.) Eine Kleine Nachtmuzik ’s Turkish March was no doubt the greatest child star that ever lived He was travelling all over Europe playing music by the time he was six. Because of his constant travels, Mozart eventually learned to speak fifteen different languages. He wrote his first sonata for the piano when he was four and composed his first opera when he was twelve! Mozart could compose anywhere - at meals (he loved liver dumplings and sauerkraut), while talking to friends, while playing pool and even while his wife was having a baby. He composed very quickly and wrote huge amounts of music. Did you know that it would take over 8 days to play all of his music, one piece after the next, without stopping? One famous piece that he wrote was Variations on "Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star." One night a mysterious stranger came to his door dressed in gray to hire Mozart to write a requiem mass (a kind of music that choirs perform at funerals). Mozart, who was very afraid of ghosts and extremely superstitious, was terrified of the stranger who kept nagging him to finish the piece. He was already ill, and in his state of mind he became convinced that he was writing music for his own funeral. During his lifetime, Mozart was very well-known but spent money faster than he could earn it. He was poor and in debt when he died of kidney failure at the age of 35 and was buried in a poor man's grave. Mr. Mozart is considered by some to be the greatest composer who ever lived. While most composers specialize in certain kinds of pieces, Mozart created masterful works for almost every category of music - vocal music, concertos, chamber music, symphonies, sonatas and opera.Listen to: Mozart’s The Magic Flute: ’s playbill for The Magic FluteRomantic Period Romantic 1820-1910 While music and art from the Classical period was based on reason, order and rules, music and other art from the Romantic period was based on emotion, adventure and imagination. The Romantic period was a time of political revolution and new ways of looking at the world. Instead of working for wealthy bosses, composers were for the first time able to work for themselves. They composed music to express what they were thinking and feeling, unlike during earlier days when they were only allowed to compose exactly what their employer wanted. During the Romantic period, there was a new appreciation of the artist as an individual, that is, someone who had feelings which were expressed through their creations.Many individual styles of Romantic music existed and were often dependent on where the composers called their home. Opera was very popular, as were technically difficult pieces that allowed performers to excite their audiences by showing off their performing abilities. Composers wrote music that represented their countries, including the history, politics, and challenges of those countries. This music is called "Nationalistic," and sometimes included folk song melodies and historical references of the country. The continued growth of the orchestra was also a trademark of the Romantic period. New instruments, or ones that had been modified in some way, allowed composers to write music for entirely new sounds and for new instrument combinations. Some of the instruments that were already in existence that were further modified included -- more keys were added to woodwinds, specifically Theobald Boehm who redesigned the flute and its fingering. The oboe was likewise modified by Charles Triébert and his son and in 1835 Johann Gottfried Moritz invented the bass tuba. In 1846 the saxophone was patented by Adolphe Sax. 19050419100Georges Bizet, ComposerDates: Born in Paris, October 25, 1838 Died in Bougival, France, June 3, 1875 Nationality: French Style/Period: Romantic Famous Works: Carmen, L'Arlésienne Suite, No. 1; L'Minuetto Bio: Georges Bizet is considered to be a great French opera composer. Both of his parents were professional musicians -- Georges' mother was a pianist while Georges' father was a composer and a singing teacher who gave Georges his first music lessons at the age of 4. Georges' talent for music was displayed early in his childhood. When Georges was 9 years of age, he entered the Paris Conservatory of Music. He studied harmony and composition and took lessons on the piano and the organ. He was considered a master of the piano at age 14, won a?First Prize for piano, and was encouraged to write compositions for the piano. He wrote "Jeux d'enfants," a suite for piano featuring four hands (two people playing the same piano), as well as 150 other compositions for the piano. He won several awards while at the conservatory: the Offenbach First Prize for comic opera and also the Grand Prix de Rome in 1857. ?Georges went on to study in Italy, but returned to Paris to teach music. He composed music for a play by Daudet, called L'Arlesienne. This music is still popular today as a suite for orchestra. In 1875, he wrote Carmen, a four-act opera. The opera was based on a story by Merimee. Georges incorporated Spanish rhythms in his music specifically to set the stage for the story.?Georges also composed a symphony, orchestral suites, other operas, and songs. His masterpiece, Carmen, is performed all over the world. Assoc. ?Privacy Policy | Contact Johannes Brahms, ComposerDates:Born May 7, 1833 in Hamburg, GermanyDied April 3, 1897 in Vienna, AustriaNationality:GermanStyle/Period:RomanticFamous Works:Double Concerto for violin and cello, Liebeslieder Waltzes, and Academic Festival Overture28575597535Listen to:Piano Concerto #1 in D minor, Op.15’ Lullaby: grew up in the poorest slums of Hamburg, Germany, surrounded by crime and disease. At an early age he helped to support his family by playing the piano in dance halls. His father, a bass player, recognized his son's musical talent and encouraged him to continue his musical studies. Aside from his music, one of the most well-known things about Brahms was his lifelong friendship with Clara Schumann, wife of composer Robert Schumann. He sought both musical and personal advice from her for the forty-three years that they were acquainted. Brahms was one of the few composers who were so successful that he did not have to teach or take other jobs to make a living. But many times he paid more attention to his writing than he did to his appearance, as he often forgot to attach his suspenders, and when he conducted he would have to grab his pants to keep them from falling down. Modern 1910-PresentModern music is also known as 20th Century Music. The modern period has been one of great changes -- for example, science, technology and our growing understanding of the world around us have inspired people to write music that reflects what they see in the world around them, and how they feel about what they posers during the Modern period have found entirely new ways to express themselves through music. Unusual harmonies, usage of music from around the world, the 12-tone scale (a scale with 12 tones- each of which is used in a piece) and Nationalist music (music that represents the history and views of a specific country) have all been utilized to give compositions unique "flavors." Many composers of the period have experimented with new ways to play instruments- altering them to make their sounds completely different for specific purposes. At the same time though, many Modern composers have decided to look to the past for ideas as to how they could compose their own music. Some composers of the Modern period have used styles from the Renaissance, Classical and Romantic periods (among others) as a model for their own compositions. Popular music has also been an inspiration for Modern composers. Rap, gospel, pop, jazz, country, dance and rock music (to name a few) have all been styles that have been drawn from and incorporated into classical music during the Modern period.Igor Stravinsky, Composer Dates:Born June 17, 1882 in Oranienbaum, RussiaDied April 6, 1971 in New York, New YorkNationality:RussianStyle/Period:ModernFamous Works:Firebird Suite, Pertrushka, The Rite of SpringListen to:The Rite of Spring : In his long life, Stravinsky saw tremendous changes -- and, in his music, he created great change. Mr. Stravinsky's father, an opera singer, wanted him to become a lawyer, so when he went to college he studied law and music at the same time. The music for the ballet The Firebird made him famous as a composer, and he gave up law. When his piece The Rite of Spring was first played in public, it caused a riot -- the audience made so much noise arguing about the music that the orchestra was drowned out! In 1925 Stravinsky first visited the United States. He finally moved there in 1939 and later became an American citizen. He continued to write music, including a polka for the Ringling Brothers Circus elephants to dance to and an arrangement of The Star Spangled Banner -- which no one liked! Because he created music that was different from anything that had been heard before, many people believe his music will be remembered hundreds of years from now.Conclusion:I hope that you enjoyed this presentation Questions for you to answer about this presentation are in your October music folder – PLEASE HAND IN YOUR COMPLETED ANSWER SHEET AT YOUR NEXT PIANO CLASS. If you need a refresher to find the answers, you can visit the DSO Kids Club site at: you do decide to explore this site, you will see that you can become a member of the DSO Kids Club if you would like to. Any student who applies for membership will be accepted.? You will then be sent, in the mail, a wrist band, a membership card, and a pencil and notepad. The Music Director for the DSO Kids Club site is Maestro Zweden. right481330Maestro started his life in music as a violinist, and he was so good at it that the best orchestra in Amsterdam, Netherlands asked him to be their concertmaster (the top violinist) when he was only 19! When he was 30, he tried his hand at conducting and has never stopped since. The musicians in the Dallas Symphony Orchestra love the energy he brings to music, and you will too. Maestro van Zweden loves children – he has four of his own!This Presentation is the property of Leanne Reiman’s Piano Studio and cannot be reproduced. October 16, 2012. ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download