United States Agriculture Usual Planting and Harvesting ...

[Pages:16]United States Department of Agriculture

National Agricultural Statistics Service

Agricultural Handbook Number 628

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates for U.S. Field Crops

December 1997

Introduction

Usual planting and harvesting dates for major field crops appear in this report. Information is arranged by States for major crops and by commodity for selected States. In addition, dot maps show major areas of production. The information was assembled by the National Agricultural Statistics Service, based on the best and latest information available. The same data for vegetables may be found in "Commercial Vegetables for Fresh Market and Processing in Principal Producing Areas, Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates" Agriculture Handbook No. 507, issued February 1977.

The dates shown indicate the periods in which the crops are planted and harvested in most years. They do not account for exceptionally early or late dates of scattered planting and harvesting, nor abnormal seasons caused by climatic or economic conditions. Beginning dates indicate when planting or harvesting is about 5 percent complete and ending dates when operations are about 95 percent complete.

The "usual planting dates" are the times when crops are usually planted in the fields. For transplanted crops, such as tobacco, the planting period refers to the time of setting plants in the field.

The "harvest dates" refer to the periods during which harvest of the crop actually occurs. They do not extend through the subsequent period in which some commodities are stored in the field after harvest.

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

Barley

Nearly 7 million acres of barley were harvested in the United States (U.S.) during 1996. After reaching a peak of over 16 million acres in 1942, harvested acreage has declined to the same level as was harvested during the first decade of this century. Yields, however, have been steadily increasing, with a record high average yield of 62.5 bushels per acre recorded in 1992. North Dakota continued to be the largest barley-producing State, harvesting 27 percent (%) of the total U.S. production. North Dakota, along with Idaho and Montana--the second and third ranking States--accounted for nearly two-thirds of the 1996 barley production. Only minor acreages are grown in the Eastern and Southern States. Most barley is fed to livestock, the remainder of the crop is used for malting.

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

Barley, Spring: Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates, by State

1996

Usual Planting Dates

State

Harvested Acres

(000)

Begin

Most Active

End

Usual Harvesting Dates

Begin

Most Active

End

AK CA 1/ CO ID KS 2/ MI MN MT NE NV 1/ ND OR SD UT WA WI WY

6.9 200

92 730

25 520 1,200

17 5 2,600 150 145 100 440 75 120

May 5 Feb 20 Mar 15 Mar 24 Mar 1 Apr 15 Apr 16 Apr 7 Mar 20 Apr 5 Apr 21 Sep 1 Apr 6 Mar 20 Mar 1 Apr 5 Mar 15

May 10 - May 25 Mar 1 - May 1 Apr 5 - May 5 Apr 7 - May 5 Mar 5 - Apr 1 Apr 25 - May 8 Apr 26 - May 27 Apr 21 - May 14 Mar 25 - Apr 10 Apr 15 - May 15 May 2 - May 15

Mar 30 - May 15 Apr 17 - May 5 Apr 1 - Apr 20 Apr 1 - Apr 30 Apr 10 - May 10 Mar 28 - Apr 28

Jun 5 May 15 May 15 May 26 May 1 May 21 Jun 5 Jun 1 Apr 18 May 20 May 26 May 15 May 20 May 10 May 20 May 15 May 28

Aug 20 Aug 15 Jul 10 Jul 28 Jun 10 Jul 26 Jul 26 Aug 4 Jul 18 Jul 20 Jul 30

Jul 5 Jul 12 Jul 15 Jul 15 Jul 15 Jul 29

Sep 1 - Sep 25 Sep 1 - Sep 20 Jul 25 - Sep 5 Aug 11 - Sep 8 Jun 25 - Jul 1 Aug 3 - Aug 19 Aug 8 - Sep 7 Aug 15 - Sep 6 Jul 20 - Jul 25 Jul 25 - Aug 25 Aug 8 - Aug 23 Aug 5 - Aug 25 Jul 23 - Aug 8 Jul 25 - Aug 15 Aug 1 - Aug 30 Jul 25 - Aug 20 Aug 8 - Aug 31

Oct 5 Oct 1 Sep 20 Sep 29 Jul 10 Aug 31 Sep 24 Sep 28 Jul 30 Sep 5 Sep 6 Sep 1 Aug 20 Sep 1 Sep 15 Sep 1 Sep 21

1/ Not published by season, "All Barley" acres included. 2/ Not published by planting season. An "All Barley" acreage estimate is published in the Barley, Fall table.

Barley, Fall: Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates, by State

1996

Usual Planting Dates

State

Harvested Acres

(000)

Begin

Most Active

End

Usual Harvesting Dates

Begin

Most Active

End

AZ CA 1/ DE KS 2/ KY MD NV 1/ NJ NC OK PA SC TX VA

54

Nov 10 Dec 1 - Dec 30

Feb 1

May 15 May 30 - Jun 15

Jul 1

Sep 15

Oct 1 - Apr 15

Apr 30

May 15

Jun 1 - Jul 15

Aug 15

23

Sep 27

Oct 9 - Oct 27

Nov 10

Jun 5

Jun 12 - Jun 28

Jul 3

11

Sep 15

Oct 1 - Oct 15

Nov 1

Jun 20

Jun 15 - Jul 1

Jul 5

20

Sep 25

Oct 1- Oct 15

Oct 20

Jun 1

Jun 5- Jun 15

Jun 25

49

Sep 17

Oct 1 - Oct 21

Nov 7

Jun 12

Jun 16 - Jun 28

Jul 8

Sep 5

Sep 15 - Oct 10 Oct 20

Jul 10

Jul 15 - Aug 15 Aug 25

3

Sep 14

Oct 1 - Oct 14

Oct 21

Jun 7

Jun 21 - Jul 10

Jun 14

20

Sep 25 Oct 15 - Nov 10

Dec 1

May 25

Jun 9 - Jun 30

Jul 25

3

Sep 12

Oct 3 - Oct 29

Nov 21

Jun 6

Jun 17 - Jun 30

Jul 10

75

Aug 25 Sep 15 - Oct 15

Oct 25

Jun 20

Jun 25 - Jul 20

Aug 10

4

Oct 7

Oct 20 - Nov 20 Dec 15

May 25

Jun 5 - Jun 24

Jul 18

11

Sep 10

Oct 1 - Nov 15

Dec 1

May 20

Jun 5 - Jun 20

Jul 1

75

Sep 10

Oct 5 - Oct 30

Nov 25

May 30 Jun 10 - Jun 25

Jul 15

1/ Not published by planting season. An "All Barley" acreage estimate is published with Barley, Spring table. 2/ Not published by season, "All Barley" acres included.

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

Corn

Corn was the leading U.S. crop in 1996, both in terms of value of production and acreage grown. Over 73 million acres of corn were harvested for grain. The acreage for grain comprised 92% of all corn planted. More than 80% of the corn-for-grain acreage lies in the Corn Belt States, with Iowa leading all States and Illinois ranking second. The largest acreage of record, 111 million acres, was harvested in 1917. Acreage decreased from the turn of the century, with the exception of wartime plantings, until the late-1960's. Since then, harvested acreage levels have generally ranged between 60-75 million acres.

The 1996 National grain yield was 127.1 bushels per acre the third highest yield on record. Yields have generally increased since the turn of the century, with more rapid increases occurring in more recent years. The highest corn yield on record, 138.6 bushels per acre, occurred in 1994. Corn grain production generally increased through the late-1980's. Erratic weather caused production to fluctuate significantly in the 1990's. In 1996, 9.3 billion bushels of corn were produced in the Nation, compared with 7.4 billion bushels in 1995 and the record 10.1 billion bushels in 1994.

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

State

1996 Harvested

Acres (000)

AL

280

AZ

40

AR

230

CA

220

CO

940

DE

150

FL

112

GA

525

ID

40

IL

10,800

IN

5,450

IA

12,450

KS

2,350

KY

1,200

LA

523

MD

465

MI

2,300

MN

6,950

MS

605

MO

2,650

MT

15

NE

8,300

NJ

94

NM

84

NY

630

NC

900

ND

720

OH

2,750

OK

170

OR

33

PA

1070

SC

380

SD

3,700

TN

680

TX

1,800

UT

21

VA

310

WA

120

WV

40

WI

3,000

WY

50

Corn for Grain: Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates, by State

Usual Planting Dates

Usual Harvesting Dates

Begin

Mar 5 Mar 15 Apr 3 Mar 15 Apr 15 Apr 19 Mar 1 Mar 1 Apr 21 Apr 22 Apr 25 Apr 22 Apr 10 Apr 12 Mar 10 Apr 20 May 1 Apr 24 Mar 27 Apr 5 Apr 19 Apr 21 May 7 Apr 15 Apr 25 Apr 1 May 3 Apr 22 Mar 25 Apr 20 Apr 30 Mar 10 May 1 Apr 5 Feb 28 Apr 15 Apr 5 Apr 15 Apr 25 Apr 25 Apr 22

Most Active

Mar 25 - Apr 25 Apr 1 - May 15 Apr 10 - May 18

Apr 1 - Jul 1 May 1 - May 15 Apr 30 - May 16 Mar 15 - Apr 15 Mar 20 - Apr 15 May 5 - May 26 Apr 30 - May 18 May 5 - May 20 May 2 - May 16 Apr 25 - May 15 Apr 21 - May 18 Mar 19 - Apr 4 Apr 30 - May 20 May 10 - May 21 May 3 - May 22 Mar 31 - Apr 28 Apr 20 - May 25 May 1 - May 25 May 3 - May 19 May 28 - Jun 20 Apr 20 - May 10 May 5 - May 25 Apr 10 - Apr 25 May 13 - May 26 May 1 - May 30 Apr 18 - May 4 May 20 - Jun 1 May 10 - May 25 Mar 20 - Apr 20 May 9 - May 25 Apr 15 - May 1 Mar 20 - Apr 29 Apr 30 - May 20 Apr 20 - May 20 May 1 - May 20 May 1 - Jun 1 May 1 - Jun 5 May 3 - May 21

End

May 18 Jun 1 May 25 Jul 15 Jun 1 May 28 Apr 25 May 5 Jun 9 May 28 Jun 10 Jun 3 May 25 Jun 8 Apr 28 Jun 7 May 31 Jun 8 Jun 11 Jun 10 Jun 8 Jun 1 Jun 28 May 20 Jun 5 May 20 Jun 5 Jun 12 May 15 Jun 15 Jun 15 May 15 Jun 11 Jun 1 May 15 Jun 5 Jun 5 Jun 5 Jun 15 Jun 10 Jun 10

Begin

Jul 21 Sep 1 Aug 16 Sep 1 Oct 1 Sep 10 Jul 15 Jul 25 Sep 29 Sep 24 Sep 20 Sep 17 Sep 5 Sep 8 Jul 29 Sep 9 Oct 3 Sep 29 Aug 12 Sep 1 Sep 15 Sep 21 Oct 1 Sep 25 Oct 10 Aug 20 Sep 29 Sep 25 Aug 25 Oct 10 Sep 25 Jul 25 Sep 24 Sep 1 Jul 16 Sep 25 Aug 25 Oct 5 Sep 10 Oct 1 Sep 24

Most Active

Aug 11 - Sep 20 Oct 1 - Nov 1

Aug 27 - Sep 18 Oct 1 - Nov 15 Oct 15 - Nov 10 Sep 20 - Oct 15 Aug 1 - Sept 10 Aug 15 - Sep 5 Oct 20 - Nov 10 Oct 9 - Nov 3 Oct 10 - Nov 25 Oct 7 - Oct 31 Sep 20 - Oct 20 Sep 22 - Oct 20 Aug 13 - Sep 1 Sep 22 - Oct 22 Oct 23 - Nov 17 Oct 15 - Nov 12 Sep 1 - Oct 6 Sep 20 - Oct 30 Sep 20 - Oct 5 Oct 11 - Nov 6 Oct 30 - Nov 10 Oct 1 - Oct 30 Oct 20 - Nov 20 Sep 10 - Oct 7 Oct 10 - Oct 27 Oct 15 - Nov 14 Sep 8 - Oct 1 Nov 1 - Nov 20 Oct 15 - Nov 20 Aug 20 - Sep 25 Oct 10 - Nov 6 Sep 20 - Oct 15 Aug 6 - Sep 24 Oct 10 - Oct 30 Sep 5 - Oct 25 Oct 20 - Nov 20 Sep 20 - Oct 25 Oct 15 - Nov 15 Oct 11 - Nov 9

End

Nov 2 Dec 1 Oct 11 Dec 1 Dec 1 Nov 5 Oct 1 Oct 10 Nov 24 Nov 19 Dec 10 Nov 17 Nov 10 Nov 15 Sep 16 Nov 17 Dec 3 Nov 28 Oct 22 Dec 1 Oct 15 Dec 1 Nov 28 Nov 20 Dec 1 Nov 7 Nov 9 Nov 25 Oct 20 Dec 15 Dec 10 Oct 10 Nov 30 Nov 10 Nov 1 Dec 10 Nov 20 Dec 1 Nov 25 Nov 30 Dec 5

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

Cotton

Cotton is grown in the southern United States, mostly south of the 36th parallel, with concentrations in the Texas high plains, the irrigated valleys of Arizona and California, and the Mississippi Delta. In recent years, Georgia and North Carolina have experienced large increases in cotton acreage. Unlike in the tropics where cotton is grown as a perennial, U. S. cotton is grown as an annual from seed planted each year. Most U. S. cotton is Upland cotton, which usually has a staple length of 1 to 1 1/4 inches. Some extra-long staple American Pima cotton, which has a staple length of 1 1/2 inches or longer, is grown in California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas.

Cotton acreage increased until 1925, when nearly 46 million acres were planted, then generally declined until the 1960's. Since then, acreage has ranged between 9 and 15 million acres. In recent years, acreage has been on an upswing with growers planting 15 million acres in 1996. Cotton yields have trended upward with a record high yield of 709 pounds per acre of cotton harvested in 1996. With the increases in yield, cotton production has reached the same levels that were produced in the 1920's and 1930's when acreage was at its peak. A record cotton production was set in 1994, surpassing the previous highest producing years of 1937 and 1926.

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

State

1996 Harvested

Acres (000)

AL

520

AZ

315

AR

1,000

CA

1,000

FL

99

GA

1,340

LA

890

MS

1,120

MO

390

NM

59

NC

721

OK

290

SC

284

TN

540

TX

5,700

VA

103

Cotton: Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates, by State

Usual Planting Dates

Usual Harvesting Dates

Begin

Apr 12 Mar 15 Apr 24 Apr 1 Apr 1 Apr 20 Apr 17 Apr 14 Apr 25 Apr 10 Apr 21 May 6 Apr 24 Apr 25 Mar 10 Apr 10

Most Active

Apr 24 - May 24 Apr 1 - Apr 30 May 1 - May 24 Apr 15 - Apr 30 Apr 15 - May 15 Apr 25 - May 25 Apr 26 - May 16 Apr 28 - May 28 May 5 - May 20 Apr 20 - May 10 May 1 - May 20 May 20 - Jun 12 May 1 - May 20 May 5 - May 20 May 5 - Jun 6 Apr 20 - May 10

End

Jun 6 May 15 May 31 May 15 Jun 15 Jun 5 Jun 2 Jun 9 Jun 1 May 20 Jun 8 Jun 29 Jun 1 Jun 5 Jun 30 May 20

Begin

Sep 22 Sep 15 Sep 22 Oct 1 Sep 15 Sep 20 Sep 15 Sep 15 Sep 20 Oct 10 Sep 27 Oct 11 Sep 23 Sep 20 Aug 10 Sep 30

Most Active

Sep 20 - Oct 20 Oct 10 - Nov 10 Oct 6 - Oct 30 Oct 15 - Nov 1

Oct 1 - Nov 1 Oct 5 - Nov 15 Sep 28 - Oct 20 Oct 6 - Nov 3 Oct 5 - Oct 30 Oct 25 - Nov 30 Oct 7 - Nov 15 Nov 4 - Nov 29 Oct 15 - Nov 13 Oct 5 - Nov 1 Oct 1 - Dec 2 Oct 25 - Nov 25

End

Dec 15 Dec 25 Nov 24 Nov 15 Dec 1 Dec 15 Nov 13 Nov 17 Nov 20 Dec 20 Dec 15 Dec 15 Dec 5 Nov 25 Dec 28 Dec 10

Usual Planting and Harvesting Dates December 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA

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