WITHOUT a protective tariff… - Commack Schools



Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ Suchopar Social Studies 7Unit 6: The New NationMYP Inquiry Statement: What makes an effective leader?Vocabulary ListYou are responsible for knowing the following terms and definitions for our vocabulary quiz and unit test:precedentaction that sets an example for others to followcabinetgroup of people who advise the presidentbondcertificate given in exchange for a loanspeculatorperson who makes a risky investment with the hope making a large profit in the future national bankbank created by the United States government; served as a place for the government to deposit income and make loans to investorsprotective tarifftax on foreign goods to help protect American industryProclamation of Neutralitystatement by Washington declaring that the U.S. would not take sides in war in EuropeFarewell Addressstatement by Washington advising that the U.S. stay out of foreign affairs and avoid becoming involved with political partiespolitical partygroup of people with similar ideas about governmentFederalistspolitical party led by Hamilton and Adams; favored strong federal (national) governmentDemocratic-Republicanspolitical party led by Jefferson and Madison; favored strong state governmentsalienimmigrantAlien Actlaw that allowed the U.S. government to expel any immigrant thought to be dangerous to the country; required immigrants to wait longer to become U.S. citizensseditionstirring up rebellion against the governmentSedition Actlaw stating that people could be jailed or fined for criticizing the governmentnullifycancelKentucky & Virginia Resolutionsstatements claiming that a state government could nullify any law they believed to be unconstitutional; created in response to Alien and Sedition ActsImportant People: Please be aware of the following people for our unit test:1. George WashingtonU.S. President from 1789 – 17972. Alexander HamiltonSecretary of Treasury under George Washington; leader of Federalist party3. Thomas JeffersonSecretary of State under George Washington; leader of Democratic-Republican party4. John AdamsU.S. President from 1797 – 1801; vice president under George Washington5. James Madisonleader of Democratic Republican party along with JeffersonName: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7Presidential Leadership: What Characteristics Make a Good Leader?center17653000George Washington was one of the most important leaders early in the history of the United States. It has been stated that he was an ideal person to serve as the nation’s first President. But what makes a great leader?Together with the class, let’s brainstorm some of the characteristics that people often look for in a leader.Choose the three characteristics that YOU THINK are most important.Now choose the ONE characteristic that you think a leader-especially a President-should have. Explain why.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One of the ways history judges a great leader is by the legacy that he or she leaves behind. George Washington’s legacy lives on today in many ways. The following are examples of places named for George Washington:30 U.S. counties 8 U.S. parksStreets in Italy, Germany, France, Serbia and the 23 U.S. cities, towns or villages 3 U.S. bridgesDominican Republic are also named for Washington!!11 U.S. colleges and universitiesOur nation’s capital1 U.S. State3 ports, 5 forts Also, President’s Day is celebrated on Washington’s birthday!!If you could have something named after you to honor achievements made in your life, what would you want named after you? Why? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How Much Do You Know About George Washington?Let’s test your knowledge about George Washington! For each statement, write whether you think the statement is true or false. __________________ George Washington chopped down a cherry tree__________________ George Washington had wooden teeth.__________________ Washington once threw a silver dollar across the Potomac River.__________________ George Washington was the first president to live in the White House.__________________ George Washington wore a wig.__________________ George and Martha Washington had 2 children.__________________ George Washington was born on February 22nd, 1732.__________________ George Washington attended college.__________________ George Washington ultimately freed his slaves.__________________ George Washington was the first man to sign the U.S Constitution.__________________ George Washington introduced the mule to America.__________________ George Washington declined the opportunity to be King of America.Why do you think that there are so many myths about Washington? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________39052569850035147251460500Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7President Washington Takes Office“As soon as it was officially notified to him, in the spring of 1789, that he was unanimously elected President of the United States…he set out for New York. Then all along the roads where he passed…it was only said, ‘General Washington is coming,” … the inhabitants all hastened from their houses to the highways, to get a sight of their great countryman; while the people of the towns, hearing of his approach, sallied out…to meet him. In eager throngs, men, women, and children pressed upon his steps.”- Mason Weems, Washington’s biographerWhat conclusion can you draw about George Washington from the quote above? _______________________________________________________________________________________WASHINGTON’S PRECEDENTSThink of one time an adult in your life set a positive example for you to follow. What was the example, and why was it important to you? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As the first leader of the United States, President Washington had to deal with many new problems that the young country faced- problems that Americans had never encountered before. As a result, he had to make many decisions on how the president should act, or what the president should do in certain situations. Many of the decisions he made served as precedents, or examples that American presidents would follow for years to come.Directions: Washington needs your help! President George Washington has taken office and needs your advice about how to deal with some of the new nation’s problems. In the spaces labeled “Your Solution,” offer your best advice to George Washington.Problem AHow long will you remain in office? Will you stand for a second term as president? A third? A fourth? Longer?YOUR SOLUTIONWASHINGTON’S PRECEDENTProblem BThe president cannot decide everything himself! To whom will you turn for help and advice? You are not very friendly with the only other member of your administration—your vice president, John Adams.YOUR SOLUTIONWASHINGTON’S PRECEDENTTHE PRESIDENT’S CABINETGeorge Washington’s CabinetCurrent Cabinet Positions of the Executive BranchSecretary of State – Thomas JeffersonSecretary of Treasury – Alexander HamiltonSecretary of War – Henry KnoxAttorney General – Edmond RandolphPostmaster General – Samuel OsgoodState – 1789Treasury – 1789Justice (Attorney General)- 1789Interior (federal lands) – 1849Agriculture – 1889Commerce – 1903Labor – 1913Defense - 1947Housing & Urban Development – 1965Transportation – 1966Energy – 1977Health and Human Services – 1977Education – 1979Veteran’s Affairs – 1989Homeland Security – 2001George Washington had _____ cabinet positions. Donald Trump has _____ today.Why do you think there has been such a large increase in the number of cabinet positions? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Which cabinet position was added most recently? Why? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Problem CAs a result of the French Revolution, Great Britain and other European countries are going to war with France. How will you react? Will you get involved? If so, whose side will you take?YOUR SOLUTIONWASHINGTON’S PRECEDENTProblem DThe federal government has placed a new tax on whiskey. Farmers in Pennsylvania who grow crops to produce whiskey are rebelling against the tax and tarring and feathering tax collectors. They see this whiskey tax as an abuse of power by the national government, similar to the tax laws passed by the British before the Revolution. What do you do about this Whiskey Rebellion?YOUR SOLUTIONWASHINGTON’S PRECEDENTDirections: Use your analysis skills and parts of OSMAP to understand the following document on the Whiskey Rebellion.center1397000 -1573737051WHO is the person featured in this cartoon? ______________ _________________________00WHO is the person featured in this cartoon? ______________ _________________________4929671116398What other IMAGES are featured in this cartoon? _________________________ __________________________________________________00What other IMAGES are featured in this cartoon? _________________________ __________________________________________________left139590What is the ACTION this person is doing? ____________ __________________________________________________00What is the ACTION this person is doing? ____________ __________________________________________________9525245745O- What is the OCCASION? _____________________________________________________________S- What format did the SPEAKER use to convey his message? _________________________________P- What is the POINT OF VIEW of the author? [The main idea]______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00O- What is the OCCASION? _____________________________________________________________S- What format did the SPEAKER use to convey his message? _________________________________P- What is the POINT OF VIEW of the author? [The main idea]______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6029325-15240000-200025-28575000Alexander Hamilton’s Money Problems3810076201What is DOMESTIC POLICY? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________During Washington’s presidency, one of the biggest domestic problems was the national debt. Washington asked Alexander Hamilton, the Secretary of the Treasury in his cabinet, to create an economic plan for the country. Hamilton came up with five ideas to help make the nation’s economy stronger and get the country out of debt. However, not everyone agreed with his ideas. Thomas Jefferson, Washington’s Secretary of State was one of Hamilton’s opponents. Jefferson’s best friend, James Madison, was also against Hamilton’s ideas. Madison was a well-known Virginia delegate to the House of Representatives who had a lot of influence in Congress. 00What is DOMESTIC POLICY? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________During Washington’s presidency, one of the biggest domestic problems was the national debt. Washington asked Alexander Hamilton, the Secretary of the Treasury in his cabinet, to create an economic plan for the country. Hamilton came up with five ideas to help make the nation’s economy stronger and get the country out of debt. However, not everyone agreed with his ideas. Thomas Jefferson, Washington’s Secretary of State was one of Hamilton’s opponents. Jefferson’s best friend, James Madison, was also against Hamilton’s ideas. Madison was a well-known Virginia delegate to the House of Representatives who had a lot of influence in Congress. left8890IDEA #1: TAX ON WHISKEYThis helped decrease the United States’ debt, but also angered many Americans. In 1794, George Washington used the military to crush the __________________________ in Pennsylvania. This showed the strength of the new government.Based on the region in which you live, how do you feel about the tax on whiskey? _________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________00IDEA #1: TAX ON WHISKEYThis helped decrease the United States’ debt, but also angered many Americans. In 1794, George Washington used the military to crush the __________________________ in Pennsylvania. This showed the strength of the new government.Based on the region in which you live, how do you feel about the tax on whiskey? _________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________left15875IDEA #2: PROTECTIVE TARIFFHamilton also proposed the idea of a protective __________, or a tax on __________________________________ goods.Hamilton argued that…There should be a tariff because it would help reduce the U.S. debt and help American manufacturers to make more money. However, not everyone agreed with Hamilton…Jefferson and Madison argued that…There should not be a tariff because it would hurt Southern farmers who traded a lot with Europe. Only wealthy Northerners would benefit.Based on the region in which you live, how do you feel about the protective tariff? _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________00IDEA #2: PROTECTIVE TARIFFHamilton also proposed the idea of a protective __________, or a tax on __________________________________ goods.Hamilton argued that…There should be a tariff because it would help reduce the U.S. debt and help American manufacturers to make more money. However, not everyone agreed with Hamilton…Jefferson and Madison argued that…There should not be a tariff because it would hurt Southern farmers who traded a lot with Europe. Only wealthy Northerners would benefit.Based on the region in which you live, how do you feel about the protective tariff? _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________444563510795How do tariffs work?A tariff is a tax placed on foreign goods – goods that are imported from other countries. Just like any national tax, the money from a tariff helps the government pay its expenses. Also, by making foreign goods more expensive, a tariff can encourage people to buy goods made in the home country, helping businesses to grow. It is sometimes called a “protective” tariff because it can help protect a country’s economy from foreign competition. People who depend on trade with other countries, however, usually do not like tariffs. The debate over tariffs continues today.00How do tariffs work?A tariff is a tax placed on foreign goods – goods that are imported from other countries. Just like any national tax, the money from a tariff helps the government pay its expenses. Also, by making foreign goods more expensive, a tariff can encourage people to buy goods made in the home country, helping businesses to grow. It is sometimes called a “protective” tariff because it can help protect a country’s economy from foreign competition. People who depend on trade with other countries, however, usually do not like tariffs. The debate over tariffs continues today.Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7Protective TariffsAs part of his plan to strengthen the United States’ economy, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton proposed the idea of a protective tariff – a tax that is placed on foreign goods in order to protect a country’s own industry. The diagrams below illustrate how a protective tariff might have worked in the cloth industry.WITHOUT a protective tariff…-11874515240CLOTH PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAIN$10per roll00CLOTH PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAIN$10per roll3443605-3175CLOTH PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES$12per roll00CLOTH PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES$12per roll1. As an American, whose cloth would you buy if there were no protective tariff? Why?__________________________________________________________________________________________2. Which country’s economy would benefit from this situation? _____________________________________3. Which country’s economy would suffer in this situation? ________________________________________WITH a protective tariff…320611562865CLOTH PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES$12per roll(same as without tariff)00CLOTH PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES$12per roll(same as without tariff)-11874562865CLOTH PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAINOriginal Price is $10 per roll+$5 protective tariff=$___________ per roll00CLOTH PRODUCED IN GREAT BRITAINOriginal Price is $10 per roll+$5 protective tariff=$___________ per roll4. Whose cloth would you buy with the protective tariff in place? Why? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Which country’s economy would benefit from this situation? _____________________________________6. Which country’s economy would suffer in this situation? ________________________________________7. Why do you think countries would favor the idea of a protective tariff? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________center-35242500left1IDEA #3: NATIONAL BANKHamilton also proposed the idea of a national bank. The government would use the bank to deposit money collected from taxes and tariffs. Americans could invest in and borrow from the National Bank.Hamilton argued that… There should be a national bank because it would strengthen the U.S. economy by making loans to businesses. The bank would earn interest, helping the U.S. government.Jefferson and Madison argued that… There should not be a national bank because nothing in the Constitution allows the national government to create a bank (it was UNCONSTITUTIONAL). Also, it would help Northern businessmen rather than Southern farmers.Solution: Hamilton got his way. The bank was created. However, the disagreement over the bank and other issues led to the formation of the first political ________________, the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.Based on your region, how do you feel about the creation of the National Bank? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 00IDEA #3: NATIONAL BANKHamilton also proposed the idea of a national bank. The government would use the bank to deposit money collected from taxes and tariffs. Americans could invest in and borrow from the National Bank.Hamilton argued that… There should be a national bank because it would strengthen the U.S. economy by making loans to businesses. The bank would earn interest, helping the U.S. government.Jefferson and Madison argued that… There should not be a national bank because nothing in the Constitution allows the national government to create a bank (it was UNCONSTITUTIONAL). Also, it would help Northern businessmen rather than Southern farmers.Solution: Hamilton got his way. The bank was created. However, the disagreement over the bank and other issues led to the formation of the first political ________________, the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans.Based on your region, how do you feel about the creation of the National Bank? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ center-17399000right18415How do bonds work?One way the national government borrows money is by selling bonds to ordinary people. When a person makes this loan to the government, the government gives the person a bond as proof that the loan was made. After a set period of time, the holder of the bond sells it back to the government for the original amount plus interest [more money]. This way, the buyer of the bond can earn a profit in the future while the government can get money for short-term expenses.00How do bonds work?One way the national government borrows money is by selling bonds to ordinary people. When a person makes this loan to the government, the government gives the person a bond as proof that the loan was made. After a set period of time, the holder of the bond sells it back to the government for the original amount plus interest [more money]. This way, the buyer of the bond can earn a profit in the future while the government can get money for short-term expenses.-9525159385IDEA #4: PAY OFF OLD BONDS, BORROW NEW MONEYDuring the American Revolution – just like today – the national government and state governments borrowed money. This put them in __________. Much of the national debt had come from selling __________. While Washington was president, the new government had to make many decisions about what to do with all of this debt.Hamilton argued that…The government should buy back old war bonds and sell new ones, showing the government could be trusted.Jefferson and Madison argued that…The government should NOT buy back bonds because it would unfairly reward speculators.Based on your region, how do you feel about this idea? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00IDEA #4: PAY OFF OLD BONDS, BORROW NEW MONEYDuring the American Revolution – just like today – the national government and state governments borrowed money. This put them in __________. Much of the national debt had come from selling __________. While Washington was president, the new government had to make many decisions about what to do with all of this debt.Hamilton argued that…The government should buy back old war bonds and sell new ones, showing the government could be trusted.Jefferson and Madison argued that…The government should NOT buy back bonds because it would unfairly reward speculators.Based on your region, how do you feel about this idea? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________right5673725Final Thoughts on Hamilton’s Financial PlanWho benefitted the most from the plan- Northerners, Southerners, or Westerners? Explain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Who benefitted the most from the plan- bankers or famers? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What problems could result from this financial plan? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________So, why was this financial plan able to be implemented (put into place)? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00Final Thoughts on Hamilton’s Financial PlanWho benefitted the most from the plan- Northerners, Southerners, or Westerners? Explain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Who benefitted the most from the plan- bankers or famers? Explain. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What problems could result from this financial plan? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________So, why was this financial plan able to be implemented (put into place)? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________right2628900THE SOLUTIONAll of Hamilton’s ideas would be useless to pay off the national debt if they were not approved by Congress. Remember, James Madison- Thomas Jefferson’s close friend and another leader of the Democratic-Republican political party- had the power to convince members of Congress to either pass the financial plan, or to vote it down. Without the support of Congress, the financial plan would not be able to be put into place.Thankfully, Hamilton, Jefferson, and Madison reached a compromise. Jefferson and Madison, both southerners, agreed to help persuade Congress to accept Hamilton’s plan. Hamilton, a northerner, agreed to have the U.S. capital moved to the South. As a result, the new capital city of ___________________________ was built.Why was moving the U.S. capital to the South enough of a reason for Southern Congressmen to pass Hamilton’s Financial Plan? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00THE SOLUTIONAll of Hamilton’s ideas would be useless to pay off the national debt if they were not approved by Congress. Remember, James Madison- Thomas Jefferson’s close friend and another leader of the Democratic-Republican political party- had the power to convince members of Congress to either pass the financial plan, or to vote it down. Without the support of Congress, the financial plan would not be able to be put into place.Thankfully, Hamilton, Jefferson, and Madison reached a compromise. Jefferson and Madison, both southerners, agreed to help persuade Congress to accept Hamilton’s plan. Hamilton, a northerner, agreed to have the U.S. capital moved to the South. As a result, the new capital city of ___________________________ was built.Why was moving the U.S. capital to the South enough of a reason for Southern Congressmen to pass Hamilton’s Financial Plan? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________right0IDEA #5: PAY OFF STATE DEBTSJust like the national government was in debt after the Revolutionary War, the 13 state governments also had debt to pay off. Hamilton argued that…The government should take over the debts of the states and pay them off.Jefferson and Madison argued that…The government should NOT pay state debts; this only helps the North. Almost all of the Southern states had already paid off their debt.Based on your region, how do you feel about this idea? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00IDEA #5: PAY OFF STATE DEBTSJust like the national government was in debt after the Revolutionary War, the 13 state governments also had debt to pay off. Hamilton argued that…The government should take over the debts of the states and pay them off.Jefferson and Madison argued that…The government should NOT pay state debts; this only helps the North. Almost all of the Southern states had already paid off their debt.Based on your region, how do you feel about this idea? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________center-17145000Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7center952500Using the worksheets for Washington’s precedents and Hamilton’s financial plan, answer the following review questions for this section:List the 4 precedents set by George Washington: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How did Washington react to the Whiskey Rebellion? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How did Washington react to the war between Britain and France? Why? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What economic problem did the U.S. face in the 1790’s? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________List the five parts of Hamilton’s financial plan: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________a) Why did Jefferson and Madison oppose many parts of Hamilton’s financial plan? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b) What compromise was reached as a result of some of these disagreements? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7GEORGE WASHINGTON’S FOREIGN POLICYFaced with a war in Europe, President Washington had to decide on a foreign policy. Foreign policy refers to the actions that a nation takes in relation to other nations. During the American Revolution, the United States and France signed a treaty that made the two countries allies. Now, the French wanted the United States to help them in their war against Britain and other countries in Europe. Some Americans agreed, but others wanted to help the British or stay out of it completely. This became a heated debate within Washington’s cabinet. Washington made a decision by issuing his Proclamation of Neutrality.-3810014605“Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands on the one part and France on the other, the duty and interest of the United States require that we should remain friendly to both sides.Therefore, I warn all citizens of the United States carefully to avoid all actions which may seem to take sides among the warring parties.And I do hereby make known that anyone who helps the war effort of any of the parties or who provides them with forbidden merchandise will not be protected by the United States from punishment.” - George Washington00“Whereas it appears that a state of war exists between Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, and the United Netherlands on the one part and France on the other, the duty and interest of the United States require that we should remain friendly to both sides.Therefore, I warn all citizens of the United States carefully to avoid all actions which may seem to take sides among the warring parties.And I do hereby make known that anyone who helps the war effort of any of the parties or who provides them with forbidden merchandise will not be protected by the United States from punishment.” - George WashingtonWASHINGTON’S PROCLAMATION OF NEUTRALITYAccording to Washington, how should the United States act towards the nations at war? Cite text-based evidence in your answer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What does Washington warn against? Highlight the text in which you found your answer. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________554355013462000What message is Washington sending to anyone who does not heed his warning? Circle the text in which you found your answer.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why do you think Washington gave this advice? Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Do you think that it will be difficult for the United States to follow Washington’s policy? Explain. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JAY’S TREATYThe struggle to remain neutral was not as easy as it seemed. It was very hard to enforce. Americans wanted to trade with both Britain and France. However, the British had begun seizing (capturing) American ships trading with France. Britain wanted to prevent the United States from supplying their enemy country in any way. Washington had had enough. CAUSE Jay’s TreatyEFFECTIn 1793, the British captured over 250 American ships trading in the French West Indies.Many Americans wanted war, but Washington knew we were too weak to fight the British. Instead, he sent John Jay to Britain to try to negotiate a treaty.Chief Justice John Jay negotiated a treaty with the British that stated the following:Britain must pay for damages to seized ships.Britain must give up forts still held on U.S. soil. Americans must pay remaining debt to Britain.Many protested because this treaty did not protect the rights of neutral ships that had been going in and out of French and British territory. The treaty said nothing about British seizing of American ships. This angered the French, who soon began seizing ships as well.Why did some Americans want to go to war with Britain? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How did Washington attempt to solve this problem with the British? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why were many Americans, as well as the French, angered by this treaty? Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET INCLUDEPICTURE "" \* MERGEFORMATINET Statement: America should always be involved in conflicts overseas (with foreign countries)As president, I (circle one): STRONGLY AGREE,AGREE,DISAGREE,or STONGLY DISAGREE with my foreign policy advisor.What is your reasoning for your decision?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The New Nation Social Studies 7Washington’s Farewell Address16764006731000In 1796, when Washington decided to leave office, he published his Farewell Address. In it, he gave Americans beneficial advice for the future. But what in the world is he saying?! The language Washington used in his speech was not the same as the language we use today. Washington on Foreign Policy“The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations; [and] to have with them as little political connection as possible. Rule of Conduct: BehaviorCommercial: Business and tradeAccording to Washington, should we have political connections with foreign nations? _____________ When is it okay for us to have relations with foreign nations? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation… [Europe] must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns…Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course” Remote: LittleControversies: BattlesAccording to Washington, does the United States have similar interests to European countries? _____How does geography affect the ability of the U.S. to follow this foreign policy? ___________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________Washington on Political Parties“They [political parties] serve to organize faction…Faction: Division In my own words, this means:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________…to put in place of the will of the Nation, the will of a party. Will: DeterminationIn my own words, this means:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________They are likely…to become potent engines, by which cunning men will…subvert the Power of the People, and usurp to themselves the reins of Government.Potent Engines: Powerful forcesSubvert: WeakenReins: ControlCunning: SneakyUsurp: Take overIn my own words, this means:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Overall Concept: To summarize, what are George Washington’s views on political parties? __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 7620090805Let’s Summarize: What does Washington warn Americans of in his Farewell Address?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The New Nation Social Studies 7TODAY’S POLITICAL PARTIESWhile George Washington was president, two major political parties formed: The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. Today, those parties no longer exist, but we still have a two-party system. Since the Civil War, our two major parties have been the Democrats and Republicans. Today’s Democrats and today’s Republicans are completely separate parties from the old Democratic-Republicans. Like the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans of the late 1700s, today’s Democrats and Republicans have very different views about government. Which party do you agree with more? Let’s find out!Directions: For each statement listed below, check off whether you agree, disagree, or are unsure. Leave the last column blank until we discuss it in class. At that time, you’ll see which party you agree with more on that statement.STATEMENTAGREE DISAGREEUNSURED or R?1. American troops should be brought home from overseas as soon as possible.2. The 2nd Amendment is very important. Gun laws should not be too over the top.The U.S. should have strict laws about immigration. Illegal immigrants in the U.S. now should be sent home. 4. Wealthy Americans should be taxed more to help pay for government programs to help the poor.5. The government should interfere as little as possible with how businesses operate.6. Congress should make more laws forcing businesses to reduce pollution in order to stop global warming.7. The government should use more tax money to make sure all Americans have quality healthcare.8. It is important to keep the military strong and to show American military strength around the world.9. The government should promote traditional family and social values as much as possible. 10. The federal government should do more to improve healthcare and education for poor Americans.423862524130* This survey alone is not a reliable indicator of whether you are a Republican or a Democrat. There are MANY different reasons you may support one party or the other- only some are mentioned here. *00* This survey alone is not a reliable indicator of whether you are a Republican or a Democrat. There are MANY different reasons you may support one party or the other- only some are mentioned here. *RESULTS (Tally this in class when we discuss it.)I agree with the Democratic point of view on _____ of the 10 statements.I agree with the Republican point of view on _____ of the 10 statements.Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The New Nation Social Studies 7THE FIRST POLITICAL PARTIESPolitical Party: ___________________________________________________________________________In his Farewell Address, George Washington warned the nation not to get involved with political parties. However, the first two political parties were already being formed – right within his own cabinet!FEDERALISTSDEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANSLed by: Alexander Hamilton andJohn AdamsLed by: Thomas Jefferson andJames MadisonBelieved that the wealthy and well-educated should lead the countryBelieved that common people should have political powerFavored strong federal (national) governmentFavored strong state governmentsLoose interpretation of the ConstitutionStrict interpretation of the Constitution (word-for-word)Emphasized manufacturing, shipping, and tradeEmphasized agriculturePro-BritishPro-FrenchFavored the National BankOpposed the National BankFavored the protective tariffOpposed the protective tariffMost support came from NorthMost support came from SouthI would be more likely to support the _________________________ Party, because _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.5743575-565150073660-2857500The Election of 1796Directions: Use the chart below to answer the questions that follow.CandidatePolitical PartyElectoral VoteState SupportJohn AdamsFederalist71Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, VermontThomas JeffersonDemocratic-Republican68Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia1. Which two political parties were represented in the 1796 election? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. Which geographic area of the country supported Adams? ___________________3. Which geographic area of the country supported Jefferson? __________________4. Why do you think there was a big geographical division in this election? ___________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. As a result of the laws in 1796, who was president? __________________________ 6. Who was Vice President? ___________________________7. Under constitutional law at this time, the winner of the electoral college won the presidency and the runner up got the Vice Presidential position. How could this make for a difficult time in office for the president? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8. Today, how is the Vice President chosen? Do you think this is better or worse than the original system?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7center952500Using the worksheets for Washington’s foreign policy, Jay’s Treaty, the Farewell Address and the political parties/Election of 1796 answer the following review questions for this section:Why did George Washington create the Proclamation of Neutrality? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Why were some Americans unhappy with Jay’s Treaty? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What were the major points stated by Washington in his Farewell Address? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Describe the opinions held by the Federalist Party:7791285233130788668526850_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Describe the opinions held by the Democratic-Republican Party:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The New Nation Social Studies 7 John Adams’ Federalist PresidenCY: Domestic POlicyWhen John Adams followed Washington as president in 1797, the Federalist Party had control of Congress and the rest of the national government. The Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton, aimed to create a stable and secure country that was safe for business and wealthy men of property. Over in Europe, the French just had a violent revolution where French people overthrew the government by executing the King and Queen. Rumors of a French invasion of the United States and French enemy spies frightened many Americans. President Adams warned that foreign influence within the United States was dangerous and must be stopped.1. In the late 1790s, why was there anti-French feeling in the United States? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The Federalist representatives and senators in Congress were able to pass a series of laws known as the Alien and Sedition Acts. The goal of these acts was to make the U.S. more secure from alien (foreign) spies and American traitors (people who spoke out against the government). Most of these laws, however, were also meant to weaken Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party.078105Excerpt from the Alien Act“…Whenever there shall be a declared war between the United States and any foreign nation…the President of the United States shall make all citizens of hostile [unfriendly] nations living in the United States…apprehended [arrested], restrained, secured and removed as alien enemies.”00Excerpt from the Alien Act“…Whenever there shall be a declared war between the United States and any foreign nation…the President of the United States shall make all citizens of hostile [unfriendly] nations living in the United States…apprehended [arrested], restrained, secured and removed as alien enemies.”2. Based on the excerpt above, explain the Alien Act: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How do you think this made new immigrants in the United States feel? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________center0Excerpt from the Sedition Act“…Any person who opposes…the government or defames [insults] the government or creates any false, scandalous writing against the Congress or the President shall be guilty of high misdemeanor [crime] and on conviction [be] fined or imprisoned.”020000Excerpt from the Sedition Act“…Any person who opposes…the government or defames [insults] the government or creates any false, scandalous writing against the Congress or the President shall be guilty of high misdemeanor [crime] and on conviction [be] fined or imprisoned.”4. Based on the excerpt above, explain the Sedition Act: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What effect would this act have on freedom of speech? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5934075341947500left34480500Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Respond to the Alien and Sedition ActsRecall: What political party were Jefferson and Madison the leaders of? ________________________________________Jefferson and Madison thought that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. They also believed that the Federalist-controlled Congress was abusing its power. Jefferson and Madison believed that each state had the right to nullify, or cancel, any federal law which the state believed was unconstitutional.Jefferson and Madison wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Resolutions declared the Alien and Sedition Acts unconstitutional, and wrote that the acts would not be enforced in those two states. Although no other states approved the resolutions, many citizens became angry at the Federalists and began to shift their support to Jefferson and the Democratic-Republican Party. 6. In your own words, explain the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What would have happened if all of the states had followed Virginia and Kentucky? In other words, what would happen if all states could nullify, or cancel, laws passed by the Federal government? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The New Nation Social Studies 7 John Adams’ Federalist PresidenCY: Foreign POlicy50958753873500When John Adams took office in 1797, one of the first problems he faced was conflict with France. Angered by Jay’s Treaty, the French had begun to seize American merchant ships that were trading with the British. Many Americans, including Alexander Hamilton, wanted war with France. Adams, however, wanted to follow Washington’s advice and stay neutral. He sent three American diplomats [representatives] to France to negotiate a treaty. This led to an event known as… The XYZ AffairDirections: After you watch the XYZ Affair video, answer the questions below.Why did Adams send diplomats to negotiate with France? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Who were Mr. X, Mr. Y, and Mr. Z? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What did these three men demand from American diplomats? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How did Adams respond to this demand? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How did the United States avoid war with France? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________367665018732500 Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7center952500Using the worksheets for John Adams, answer the following review questions for this section:Why did Adams and the Federalists pass the Alien and Sedition Acts? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Describe what happened leading up to, during, and as a result of the XYZ Affair: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Name: __________________________ Date: ___________ The Federalist Era Social Studies 7left8890Unit Review Sheet: The Federalist Era00Unit Review Sheet: The Federalist EraTerms to Know…precedentaction that sets an example for others to followcabinetgroup of people who advise the presidentbondcertificate given in exchange for a loanspeculatorperson who makes a risky investment with the hope making a large profit in the future national bankbank created by the United States government; served as a place for the government to deposit income and make loans to investorsprotective tarifftax on foreign goods to help protect American industryProclamation of Neutralitystatement by Washington declaring that the U.S. would not take sides in war in EuropeFarewell Addressstatement by Washington advising that the U.S. stay out of foreign affairs and avoid becoming involved with political partiespolitical partygroup of people with similar ideas about governmentFederalistspolitical party led by Hamilton and Adams; favored strong federal (national) governmentDemocratic-Republicanspolitical party led by Jefferson and Madison; favored strong state governmentsalienimmigrantAlien Actlaw that allowed the U.S. government to expel any immigrant thought to be dangerous to the country; required immigrants to wait longer to become U.S. citizensseditionstirring up rebellion against the governmentSedition Actlaw stating that people could be jailed or fined for criticizing the governmentnullifycancelKentucky & Virginia Resolutionsstatements claiming that a state government could nullify any law they believed to be unconstitutional; created in response to Alien and Sedition ActsIMPORTANT PEOPLE: Below are the important contributions each individual made to the Federalist Era.1. George WashingtonU.S. President from 1789 – 17972. Alexander HamiltonSecretary of Treasury under George Washington; leader of Federalist party3. Thomas JeffersonSecretary of State under George Washington; leader of Democratic-Republican party4. John AdamsU.S. President from 1797 – 1801; vice president under George Washington5. James Madisonleader of Democratic Republican party along with JeffersonBelow are the same review questions that you answered at the checkpoints for this unit. Now that you have answered them once, try to answer them again! If you need help, look back to the appropriate worksheet listed below, and use the methods we talked about in class to help you answer them.Unit OverviewThe following is a list of topics from this unit that you should know for our unit test. REMEMBER, this review sheet is a study tool. You are still responsible for knowing material from class icWhich Worksheet?Topic QuestionsWashington’s Precedents“President Washington Takes Office/ Washington’s Precedents/ The President’s Cabinet”1. List the 4 precedents set by George Washington2. How did Washington react to the Whiskey Rebellion? Why?3. How did Washington react to the war between Britain and France? Why?Washington’s Domestic Policy/Hamilton’s Financial Plan“Alexander Hamilton’s Money Problems”“Protective Tariffs”What economic problem did the U.S. face in the 1790’s? Why?List the five parts of Hamilton’s financial plan.a) Why did Jefferson and Madison oppose many parts of Hamilton’s financial plan? b) What compromise was reached as a result of some of these disagreements?Washington’s Foreign Policy“George Washington’s Foreign Policy/ Jay’s Treaty”Why did George Washington create the Proclamation of Neutrality?Why were some Americans unhappy with Jay’s Treaty?Washington’s Farewell Address“Washington’s Farewell Address”What were the major points stated by Washington in his Farewell Address?Political Parties“The First Political Parties/ The Election of 1796”Describe the views held by the Federalist Party.Describe the views held by the Democratic-Republican Party.John Adams’ Domestic Policy“John Adams’ Federalist Presidency: Domestic Policy”Why did Adams and the Federalists pass the Alien and Sedition Acts?John Adams’ Foreign Policy“John Adams’ Federalist Presidency: Foreign Policy”Describe what happened leading up to, during, and as a result of the XYZ Affair. ................
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