Global Health Proposal Instructions



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Preface

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation believes that every person should have the opportunity to live a healthy, productive life. In the Global Health Program, we work to ensure that lifesaving advances are created and shared with those who need them most. We consider proposals that address diseases and conditions that cause a high burden of disease in the developing world.

We appreciate your organization’s interest in submitting a proposal to the foundation and suggest that you read through this entire document before beginning your proposal. For more information about the foundation’s grantmaking processes please refer to the following link: Our Approach to Grants

Proposal Evaluation & Review

The foundation evaluates proposals according to the principles listed below. While these principles form the basis for foundation thought, not all principles are applicable to all projects. In some cases certain principles may not be appropriate due to the nature of the project or the type of activities needed to reach the goal.

Catalytic: Will our investment allow key barriers to be overcome so that others can continue the work of addressing the health issue and advancing the field?

Innovative: Will the project test new ideas, approaches, technologies, or tools? Will it use novel approaches to solve problems, and develop models that allow for replication and scaling-up?

Evidence-based: Does the project apply credible data, information, and knowledge to solve the greatest problems in global health? Will the project create, build, and apply this knowledge base to reduce suffering in the neediest populations?

Intellectual Rigor: Will the project take advantage of the best learning in the field? Is there a clear case for why this is the best approach? Is the proposed approach likely to yield the described result? Is this an efficient use of resources?

Sustainable: Will the project create solutions that can be continued after the grant is finished?

Significant: Will the project result in changes that will advance the field and benefit those most in need?

Collaborative: Will the project bring together organizations and institutions and take advantage of their experience and expertise?

Learning: Will the project contribute to specific outcome and impact goals set by the foundation, measure results, and respond to what is working and what isn’t?

Equity: Does the project address the needs of the world’s poorest people, those earning less than $2 per day, who suffer disproportionately from disease?

In addition to the principles outlined above, the following information is also critical to the evaluation of the project:

Project Framework

The foundation will review the overall goal of the project and how it contributes to a specific strategy (e.g. Maternal and Neonatal Child Health). The project goal should have clear, specific, and measurable objectives that can be accomplished through a defined set of activities. Intended results should be identified to assess progress against the goal and objectives along with a measurement plan to show how results will be measured. Assumptions that are inherent in the project plan will also need to be identified so that the foundation can understand the factors outside of the direct control of the project that may affect its success, and how the grantee will mitigate any risks.

Organization and Leadership Qualifications

The foundation will assess the ability of the organization (and department, if applicable) to carry out the project. Sufficient information should be provided to show how the mission and capabilities of the organization will support the proposed work.

The project leadership will be assessed to determine if the capacity, experience and expertise is appropriate to successfully manage the project.

Budget

The foundation will evaluate the efficiency and reasonableness of the budget in the context of the proposed goal and objectives.

Our Commitment to Grantees: Strengthening Partnerships

Our grantees and partners are at the core of our mission and work. We are most effective when we are working together with partners to achieve the shared impact we all desire.

Achieving results depends on many factors, including the quality of our partnerships. We can achieve greater impact by forging stronger relationships with our most important partners - our grantees.

Our Commitment to Grantees

Quality Interactions - You will be treated with respect and candor.

Clear and Consistent Communications - You will know when and who will make the decision on your grant, and you will be provided clear communications on the foundation’s strategy, grant process and the amount of time and assistance you could expect to receive from the foundation once your grant is awarded.

Feedback - You will have opportunities to provide feedback – and we will use that feedback to make continuous improvements.

We welcome your feedback. It is a critical part of our commitment because your ideas, assessment and comments will help to ensure greater success in our mutual goal to improve lives. We receive feedback daily through interactions between our program staff and grantees. We seek feedback through periodic interviews and focus groups. And every two to three years, we ask the Center for Effective Philanthropy to conduct a grantee perception survey.

We also make available to grantees several other online means of providing feedback:

• Send an email to our Grantee Partner Engagement Team at granteesurvey@.

• Share your viewpoint on Twitter via #gateschat.

• If your feedback regards a specific allegation, and you want the information to be kept confidential from foundation staff, we encourage you to report this information to EthicsPoint . This is a service provided by a third party outside of the foundation that is available for reporting and identification of issues, events and behavior that may be inconsistent with our foundation’s values.

Formatting

All Global Health project proposals except for conference proposals must use the application form provided. We ask that proposals be concise and in proportion to the complexity of the project. The narrative should be no more than 20 pages single spaced excluding the proposal information page, table of contents, appendices, and modules. Please read through this entire document before beginning your proposal.

Please use U.S. letter page formatting (8.5 x 11.0 inches), 10-point font, one-inch margins, and include your organization's name in the footer. Due to tax, legal, and reporting requirements, all grant proposals must be submitted in English. Under limited circumstances, Web links to selected information may be provided; however there is no assurance the reviewers will visit the sites. For this reason, please include all critically necessary information in the body of the proposal.

Proposal Information

Please provide the requested information regarding the applicant organization, primary contacts, and proposed project.

Table of Contents

Include a Table of Contents based on the following format:

I. Charitable Purpose 2

II. Executive Summary 2

III. Context 2

IV. Project Framework 2

V. Sustainability 4

VI. Organizational Capacity and Management Capability 5

VII. Citations 8

VIII. Appendices 6

A. Results and Critical Milestones Summary Table and Timeline 6

B. Budget Spreadsheet 6

C. Budget Narrative 6

D. Data Access Plan 6

E. Biographical Information 6

F. Financial and Tax Information 7

IX. Modules 7

Additional Information

Global Access and Conflicts of Interest 7

Privacy Notice 8

Glossary of Terms 9

I. Charitable Purpose

In one sentence please describe how this project will help the foundation meet its strategic objectives (see pages 5-6 in the Global Health Strategy Overview). For example, The Tuberculosis Program objective is to “Improve global TB control by developing and introducing new technologies to prevent, diagnose, and treat the disease.” A project that has a goal to “Develop and license an improved vaccine against tuberculosis for use in high burden countries” would help achieve the foundation’s objective.

II. Executive Summary

Briefly summarize the project in no more than one page according to the following outline:

▪ Context

▪ Project goal, objectives, and critical milestones

▪ Organizational capacity/management plan

 

III. Context

Provide a brief overview of the prior work leading to your project. Describe how the proposed project relates to the broader context of ongoing activities in the field. Explain the comparative advantage of this approach to others. Discuss how the proposed solution will impact the health problem being addressed.

IV. Project Framework

This section requests information about your proposed project beginning with a high-level presentation of the strategy in a simple Project Framework Table followed by a narrative section to provide more details on the objectives and activities.

Project Framework Table

| |Results |Results Measurement |Assumptions |

|Strategic Area: | | |Identify potential actions, |

|Select the foundation strategic area |Quantitative or qualitative measures |Specific plans incorporated into |activities, or projects that |

|to which the project will directly |for assessing the project’s |the project (if any) to measure |could be pursued if this |

|contribute. |contribution to impact at the |and assess the project’s |project is successful |

| |strategic area level. |contribution to impact at the | |

| | |strategic area level. | |

|Project Goal: | | | |

|The conceptual aim of the project; |What are the key outputs or outcomes |Identify the methods and sources |External factors and |

|the condition that will exist when |the will show progress against |by which you will measure, monitor|assumptions implicit in the |

|the project has been successfully |achieving the project goal? |and/or evaluate progress toward |project plan for meeting the |

|completed. | |achieving the goal |project goal. |

|Objectives: | | | |

|The major components of the project |What are the key outputs or outcomes |Identify the methods and sources |External factors and |

|required to achieve results. |that will show progress toward |by which you will measure, monitor|assumptions implicit in order |

| |meeting the objectives? These will |and/or evaluate progress toward |to achieve the objectives. |

| |include at least one critical |meeting the objectives | |

| |milestone for each objective. | | |

|Activities: |

|The processes or actions taken to achieve outputs and move toward outcomes. |

A. How to Complete the Project Framework Table

The purpose of the Project Framework Table is to provide a high-level summary of the project and it should be no more than 1-3 pages in length. The table is a modification of the logical framework model to help you present your project in a clear, concise, and logical way and to illustrate how the proposed project aligns with foundation priorities. The content of the table should be direct and concise using bulleted items as needed. If you submitted a prior Letter of Inquiry (LOI) or concept paper, this table will be an expanded version of the information presented in the LOI incorporating any changes discussed with foundation staff

Begin the table by selecting a single strategic area from the following list provided. Next, identify your project goal. The project goal should be the conceptual aim of the project; the condition that will exist when the project has been successfully completed. The goal must also directly relate to the strategic area. Define the objectives that must be completed to achieve your project goal; then summarize the activities that reflect the tasks required to fulfill each of the objectives. Do not list every activity in the table, the Project Framework Narrative section and the Milestone Table (Appendix A) will allow for this level of detail to be presented and explained.

Identify the intended results for the strategic area, project goal, and objectives. Results can be either outputs or outcomes. Outputs are the direct and early results of a grant or intervention’s activities (e.g. reports produced, health workers trained). Outcomes are intermediate observable and measureable changes that may serve as steps toward impact for a population community, country, or other category of beneficiary (e.g. performance gains through application of new knowledge, health benefits).

Your project will include two types of milestones: critical milestones and activity milestones. Progress against the objectives should be measured by clearly described critical milestones that are identified with specific dates and specific measurable indicators. Critical milestones will be the primary vehicle by which the foundation will monitor your project on an annual basis. At a minimum, each objective will have at least one clearly defined critical milestone that defines completion of the objective; a critical milestone may also include interim checkpoints for monitoring progress against objectives. If the project is approved for funding, critical milestones will form part of the agreement with the foundation regarding the execution of the project and changes to them can only be made with prior approval of the foundation. Activity milestones represent the full set of events that are required to manage the progress of the activities. They should provide a clear plan for the execution of the project, allocating responsibilities amongst the project team, and providing measurable intermediate and final status points for the activities. Please do not include the activity milestones in the Project Framework Table. Activity milestones will be requested as part of the Milestone Table (Appendix A).

Where appropriate, you will provide information about Results Measurement. Results Measurement should include a description of how and when progress toward the objectives, goal and strategic area will be evaluated. Please note that results measurement may not be applicable at the strategic area level.

The assumptions at the strategic area level should identify subsequent actions, activities, or projects that could be pursued if the objectives are realized and the goal is achieved. These should not necessarily be activities that your organization would be in a position to pursue; rather, it is an opportunity to provide information about how the success of this project will allow the field to move closer to the goal of improving health of those most in need. Assumptions at the project goal and objectives level should identify the external factors that are likely to influence the success of the project but are beyond your control. Where appropriate, the assumptions should also describe how change occurs in your field and conditions that are necessary for success. For example, if the proposed project is designed to increase use of bednets for malaria control, assumptions may include the availability of adequate supply, cultural acceptability of the nets, or access to rural high burden areas during the rainy season.

B. Project Framework Narrative

The purpose of the Project Framework Narrative is to provide more specific details about the project plan. Using the Project Framework Table as a reference, describe each objective using the following format:

Objective # (1, 2, 3, etc.): Title

Description & Assumptions

Provide a description of the objective and how it contributes to the project goal. Following the description, list the assumptions you have considered in developing the objective. Describe any anticipated implementation challenges and what strategies might be used to overcome these challenges. If in the context of you project it makes more sense to discuss challenges for all objectives collectively rather than by each objective then please do so at the end of this section. Objectives are intended to form the basis of the agreement between the foundation and the grantee with regard to the content of the project. If your proposal is approved, any quantitative or qualitative changes to the objective or critical milestones, including timing, will require advance approval by the foundation.

Activities

It is assumed that the successful execution of each objective will require the completion of at least one, and sometimes many, coordinated activities. Provide a description of the activity or group of activities and how they will contribute to the achievement of the objective being described. Activity milestones do not need to be described here but should be illustrated in Appendix A.

Results/Critical Milestones

Describe the results, including critical milestones that will be used to quantitatively measure, or qualitatively judge, progress related to the objectives. Critical milestones should represent significant events or developments that indicate progress against the objective and may refer to specific deliverables, arrival at key decision points, or the completion point of critical experiments that were intended to provide new insight and knowledge. Each objective will have at least one critical milestone.

Results Measurement

Describe the methods and sources by which progress against the milestones for this objective will be monitored. If your project is structured in a way that it makes more sense to write the results measurement plan for all objectives collectively, then do so at the end of this section and clearly state how the overall plan relates to the objectives and activities.

V. Sustainability

If the long-term success of this project depends upon sustainability of the project activities or an institution beyond the grant timeframe, please explain the vision and any planned efforts to increase sustainability. The description should discuss, as appropriate, sustainability of economic/financial, organizational, or behavioral matters. In addition, please note relevant results and indicators of sustainability or preparedness that you expect to be in place before the end of the project. These should be included in your Results Measurement plan. Also list assumptions and risks related to sustainability and your proposed activities to mitigate them. If these issues are addressed elsewhere in the proposal (including modules or appendices), feel free to refer to those sections without duplicating content here. To help clarify - if the proposal involves strengthening an initiative or building organizational capacity, please explain why you believe these activities will be sustained after the grant period. If you will demonstrate a model, explain how it will be sustained and how or why it is likely to be replicated elsewhere. If you will develop new technologies, address only issues that are not adequately covered in the module on Planning for Technology Uptake.

VI. Organizational Capacity and Management Capability

A. Organizational Capacity and Facilities

Provide a brief description of:

1. The organization's history, mission, and comparative advantage to implement this project. (If a consortium is submitting the proposal, please provide this information for each organization in the consortium.)

2. Previous experience in developing, implementing, and managing projects in the geographical and technical areas proposed. (If a consortium is submitting the proposal, please provide this information for each organization in the consortium.)

3. If there is a parent or administering institution to which the team undertaking this project will report, please describe any specific support required by the institution for implementation of the project and confirm that it will be provided.

4. Describe the facilities, resources and equipment available for the proposed project at all participating sites. Provide enough detail to guarantee the infrastructure is sufficient to allow the project to be carried out including the accounting systems and ability to make and supervise sub-grants and contracts. (If a consortium is submitting the proposal, please provide this information for each organization in the consortium.)

5. If the project will take place in multiple sites, describe the capacities and capabilities in each site. Where limited infrastructure or remote locales are critical, please describe any specific measures that will be implemented to ensure the project is effectively managed.

B. Management and Staffing Plan for this Project

1. Explain the management structure and plans for administering the project. Describe the capability of the management team (including any key proposed subcontractors and/or sub-grantees) to administer this project. Specifically discuss the principal investigator/project director and key management staff for the project including prior experience managing similar projects.

2. Please provide an overview of decision making plans and processes. (If a consortium is submitting the proposal, please provide this information for each organization in the consortium.)

3. If the project will involve activities conducted by consortia members, sub-grantees, subcontractors, or other participating companies or institutions (either anticipated or known, even if they will not be receiving any grant funds), please provide: (a) A list of the organizations that will be involved; and (b) A description of your anticipated approach to furthering the Global Access Objectives (see page 7) in the context of your project’s collaboration agreements (if applicable) and management structures.

4. Include an organizational chart for project staff (if there is a larger organization – of which this project is a part – or a consortium, please provide an organizational chart or explanation for how this project fits into the larger group). The individuals in the organizational chart also need to be reflected in the Budget Narrative and Budget spreadsheet.

5. For the purposes of managing technologies or assisting in product development please describe the resources (individual skill sets, organizational capacity, funding, etc.) that will be available to the project other than scientific expertise in anticipation of fulfilling the long-term Global Access Objectives (e.g., business, legal, advocacy etc.).

6. If the proposed project involves a portfolio of technologies or products, please describe how portfolio decisions will be made (e.g., with respect to adding and removing components within the portfolio).

Citations, Appendices and Modules do not count against the 20-page limit.

VII. Citations

List any critical references to your work or the work of others that support your project’s approach. References must include the title, names of all authors, book or journal, volume number, page numbers, and year of publication. References should be limited to the relevant literature.

 

VIII. Appendices

Please do not include additional appendices beyond the materials requested under sections A-E below unless requested by Global Health program staff.

A Milestone Summary Table and Timeline Table

Use Table A.1 in the milestone template to list all activities, activity milestones, and critical milestones by objective. Use Table A.2 to illustrate the projected timeline for meeting these milestones and help monitor progress over the project lifetime. Alternatively, you may provide the information requested in Appendix A using the project management software application of your choice in an appropriately readable format.

B. Budget Spreadsheet

Use the budget spreadsheet provided to illustrate the costs of the project. Please note this template will also be required for sub-grants and sub-contracts in excess of $1 million USD unless otherwise directed by your Program Officer. You are also responsible for ensuring that your sub-contractors and sub-grantees are aware of the foundation’s indirect cost policy.

Click here to see an example of a completed budget spreadsheet.

C. Budget Narrative

The purpose of the budget narrative is to supplement the information provided in the budget spreadsheet by justifying how the budget cost elements are necessary to accomplish the project objectives. The budget narrative is a tool to help the foundation staff fully understand the budgetary needs of the applicant and is an opportunity to provide descriptive information about the costs beyond the constraints of the budget template. Together, the budget narrative and budget spreadsheets should provide a complete financial and qualitative description that supports the proposed project plan.

D. Data Access Plan

The foundation is committed to optimizing the use of health-related data to translate knowledge into life-saving interventions. To this end, it is essential that data are made widely and rapidly available to the broader global health community through good data access practices. This appendix relates to how you intend to facilitate (in regard to approach, timing and scope of project data and information) the prompt and broad dissemination of data in accordance with the foundation’s Global Health Data Access Principles.

For projects requesting over $500,000 a Data Access Plan is required. Your Data Access Plan should address how data access will be ensured, including a timeframe and method for data release. These principles apply to final data, quantitative and qualitative, generated by Foundation funding via grants. Final data includes final, annotated datasets and associated documentation.

Whenever possible, data should be deposited into public-access repositories. When relevant public access repositories are not available for a given dataset, please propose alternatives for access, with consideration given to ease of discovery and maintenance of long-term access. In addition, you must consider publication strategies that will maximize the probability of your work reaching both the scientific and civil society communities in the developing world.

The foundation recognizes there may be circumstances where data are subject to intellectual property protection, laws, or regulations that may delay or preclude access. In such cases, you should provide justification for the foundation’s consideration. It is important that these factors be thought through carefully during your development of the Data Access Plan, as your adherence to previous plans could be a factor in funding decisions. The costs involved with making data widely available may be included in the proposed budget and will be subject to the foundation’s review and approval.

E. Biographical Information

Please provide biographical information for key personnel, and if applicable, significant consultant(s)/collaborator(s) in the following format. Do not exceed two pages per individual.

▪ Last Name, First Name, middle initial :

▪ Project Role: (e.g., Principal investigator, key personnel, consultant etc.)

▪ Positions Held: Start with the most recent position and provide information for the last ten years. Including dates of employment, organization, position title, and a brief description of the position’s responsibilities.

▪ Education:

- Degree(s)

- Year of Highest Degree

- Discipline

- Institution

▪ Representative Publications: Identify no more than five of the most important and relevant peer-reviewed publications. Include full citation with titles, authors, and journal source for each. Do not submit copies of publications.

F. Financial and Tax Information

1. If your organization is a U.S. public charity or private foundation, you must submit a copy of the valid IRS determination letter. Current and past grantees of the foundation are not required to resubmit this information.

2. All applicants must be prepared to make their most recent financial statement available upon request by the foundation. U.S. public charities and private foundations must also make available their most recent Form 990.

IX. Modules

Additional modules are required for projects that involve one or more of the following:

• Clinical Trials

• Human Subjects Research

• Scientific Research Requiring Regulatory Approval

• The creation of a new technology, process, formulation, product or medical procedure

• The further development of any existing technology, process, formulation, product or medical procedure

• The creation of software, drawings, or written material (such as an analysis, a curriculum, guidelines, policy recommendations) other than internal working documents, reports to the foundation, or publications

• The use of technology, a product, material or data owned or to be provided by a third party

• Outreach to policy makers/leaders on political, financing, policy or media issues

• Use of media or other public platforms to educate or inform about global health issues

• Work with high-profile individuals (community leaders, celebrities, etc.) as spokespeople or representatives

• Activities being conducted in countries where U.S. embargoes apply

• If success of the project will depend on large-scale policy change at the national or international level

If your proposed project includes any of the activities listed above and you have not been provided with an additional module to complete, please contact your program officer or program coordinator for assistance. Failure to complete the appropriate module(s) will delay the review of your proposal.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Global Access and Conflicts of Interest

Ensuring the Furtherance of Global Access Objectives

A principal goal of your individual grant and of most activities funded by the Foundation within the Global Health Program is to ensure that innovations (and related rights) are managed and public health solutions are optimized for the purpose of facilitating (i) the broad and prompt dissemination of data and information to the scientific community (as further described below in the section entitled “Data Sharing and Publication”) and (ii) the access (in terms of price, quantity, and functionality) to affordable health solutions for the benefit of people most in need within the developing world. We refer to the goal of these two objectives as achieving “Global Access.” We believe that the achievement of Global Access is a critical component to achieving the fundamental aim of reducing health inequities in the developing world.

With respect to your proposed project, ensuring that disadvantaged markets and populations in developing countries can one day readily access or otherwise directly benefit from the intended health solutions, should they prove effective and be commercialized (as applicable), is of paramount importance. Similarly, the other results of your work, such as incremental technological advances or discoveries, as well as data and other information arising out of the project, may also ultimately prove critical to addressing global health concerns.

While the science is and will continue to be the principal focus of the foundation, an essential aspect of your work is to identify and shape the path forward in managing the complex technologies and collaborations, fostering the necessary relationships with various sectors of the global health community, and in developing the intended project outcomes – all in a manner that facilitates the furtherance of the Global Access Objectives. The foundation believes strongly that, regardless of the nature or stage of your project, reasonable steps can and must be taken to help assure that you and your collaborators (as applicable) have provided for the achievement of these objectives.

Avoiding Conflicts of Interest

A term of grant award will require all grantees, subcontracting parties, and collaborating organizations to adhere to high ethical, regulatory and professional standards in all matters related to projects supported by foundation grant funds. Individual investigators participating in the project are also prohibited from participating in specific dealings when the individual knows that any of his/her relationships, including those of a member of his/her immediate family, may pose a conflict of interest with respect to a specific transaction. Disclosure to the foundation is required for any relationships known to the project participants that are covered by this policy that may affect (or could reasonably be viewed as affecting) the conduct of the grant, the disposition of rights associated with funded technologies, or other project outputs.

In accordance with the foregoing, please confirm that you have examined and are familiar with (or confirm that before the grant is made you will examine and become familiar with) the Conflict of Interest policies of all entities that are collaborating on the proposed project, and that all investigators who will be conducting activities are in compliance with the above standards.

Privacy Notice

This document is subject to the Privacy policy and Terms of Use.

Glossary of Terms

|Activities |The processes or actions taken by the foundation or a grantee to achieve outputs and move |

| |toward outcomes. |

| |Example: A grantee might conduct a review of successful communication approaches that are |

| |focused on prevention of a specific disease or promotion of a new savings product. |

|Critical Milestones |The most important project results (activities, outputs, and outcomes) that are considered in|

| |relation to continued funding and are listed in the grant agreement. Grantees regularly |

| |report on their progress toward achieving these critical milestones. |

|Evaluation |An investigation into whether, why, and how results are or are not achieved. Evaluation can |

| |help the foundation answer key questions about grants and strategies. |

| |Question answered: To what extent did grant X, or institution X, successfully accomplish its |

| |project goal, and what were the key ingredients for success—or the reasons for failure? |

|Geographic Areas Served |All countries that benefit or are intended to benefit from this project. This is where the |

| |target population is located, not necessarily where the work is occurring. |

|Geographic Location(s) of Work |All locations (country, and sub-region or state if known) in which work will be performed for|

| |this project. This includes locations in which sub-grantees or sub-contractors will work. |

|Global Access: |The concept of optimizing an intervention, innovation, or product to reach the people in the |

| |developing world who most need it at necessary scale. |

| | |

| |Achieving global access requires: |

| |Deciding if it is necessary (and if so, how best) to secure and manage intellectual property |

| |(IP) rights |

| |Evaluating which innovations to patent versus which not, both broadly and on a |

| |country-specific level |

| |Structuring the development of intended outputs and products in ways that facilitate, rather |

| |than impede, global access and widespread adoption of the innovation |

| |Planning for downstream steps and entities that will need to be engaged to achieve delivery |

| |of the intervention/product at scale to the people in need. |

|Indicators |Quantitative or qualitative variables that specify results for a particular strategy or |

| |grant. |

| |Similar terms: Metrics, measures |

| |Clarification: Indicators form the basis of results measurement and evaluation because they |

| |serve as direct measures, descriptions, or close proxies that show progress toward the |

| |intended result. |

| |Example: A Nutrition grantee might measure the changes over time in the proportion of newborn|

| |children who are breast-fed within an hour of birth to indicate uptake of an intervention to |

| |promote an optimal breastfeeding behavior. |

|Intellectual Property |Any intangible product of the human intellect that is unique, novel, and unobvious (and has |

| |some value in the marketplace). |

| | |

| |Clarification: It can be an idea, invention, expression, or literary creation, unique name, |

| |business method, industrial process, chemical formula, computer program process, |

| |presentation, etc. In most countries, IP may be formally registered under laws that grant |

| |certain kinds of exclusive ownership rights over these intangibles on the analogy of property|

| |rights, some expiring after a set period of time, and others lasting indefinitely. |

|Milestones |Sequential signs of progress during a project or initiative, usually tied to estimated |

| |completion dates. |

| |Example: A typical milestone would be ‘completion’ of a particular step in product |

| |development, or holding a convening. |

|Monitoring |A process of collecting, analyzing, and using data to ensure compliance and improve |

| |performance. Monitoring tells us whether milestones and basic targets are being met, and |

| |whether critical activities are proceeding as planned. |

| |Clarification: Monitoring is comprised of both qualitative and quantitative data collection |

| |methods. |

| |Similar term: Performance measurement |

|Objectives |The major components of the project required to achieve results. |

| |Clarification: An objective could be any subdivision of work that makes sense as a logical |

| |way to organize the project's key activities, outputs, and outcomes—such as a geographic |

| |location or a body of work. |

| |Example: One such body of work might be: “Establish Cost-Effectiveness of New Drug Regime.” |

| |This objective would have a set of associated results (mainly activities and outputs), |

| |including conducting site visits, collecting costs, tracking patient health status, analyzing|

| |data (activities), and producing a publication and public domain data set (outputs). |

|Outcomes |Intermediate observable and measureable changes that may serve as steps toward impact for a |

| |population community, country, or other category of beneficiary. |

| |Examples: Possible outcomes may include increased coverage of an intervention, or a permanent|

| |health system/policy change that improves efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery. |

|Outputs |The direct and early results of a grant or intervention’s activities. Outputs refer to the |

| |most immediate sets of accomplishments necessary, but not sufficient, to produce outcomes and|

| |impacts. |

| |Examples: Possible outputs may include numbers of people trained, the number of public |

| |service announcement radio spots on the topic of proper contraceptive use.Funds leveraged |

| |through policy and advocacy activities are considered outputs. |

|Project Goal |The conceptual aim of the project; the condition that will exist when the project has been |

| |successfully completed. |

|Results |Any of the foundation or grantees’ inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts. |

| |Clarification: “Results” is used as a generic, all-encompassing term that can include all |

| |positive or negative changes, as well as the absence of any change at all. When possible, it |

| |is best to use more specific terms for the result concerned, such as impacts, outcomes, |

| |outputs, activities, and inputs. The results of almost all grants will likely include |

| |outputs; some will include outcomes; and few, if any, will in and of themselves include |

| |impacts. |

| |Example: Possible results may include technical assistance (input), a review of |

| |communications approaches (activity), the number of people trained (output); an increase |

| |intervention coverage (outcome), and by 2035 achieve a 75% reduction in childhood mortality |

| |due to enteric disease (impact). |

|Scalability |The degree to which a piloted intervention can function, adapt to increased demands, and |

| |deliver similar/expected results when applied to a significantly larger context (e.g., with |

| |expanded sets of beneficiaries, regions, geographies, policies, and political circumstances).|

|Sustainability |The degree to which achieved results, particularly outcomes and impacts, can continue over |

| |time, especially after foundation funding ends. |

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Global Health

Proposal Guidelines

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