Mrs. Cross's Environmental Science Class - Home



Environmental Science Study GuideUnit 2AVocabularyUnderstand and be able to apply each of these terms.Matter –Energy –Atoms –Elements - Molecules – Potential Energy – Kinetic Energy – Photosynthesis (equation) –Cell respiration (equation) –First Law of Thermodynamics –Second Law of Thermodynamics –Biogeochemical Cycles - Critical ThinkingBe able to read, analyze, and give complete answers to questions like these.Besides water, where does most of the mass in a fully-grown tree come from? Where did people originally believe it came from?Identify each of the following as atoms or molecules. If they are molecules, identify if they are elements or compounds.O2CO2H2OFeSWhat were the results of Jean Baptiste von Helmont’s willow tree experiment? What hypothesis was rejected as a result of his experiment?Joseph Priestley did experiments where he placed a candle and a mouse into a sealed jar. What happened to them? What did he discover?Label the protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom below.2495550158750Air is a mixture of the following molecules. Name each molecule. Identify the elements present in each one.MoleculeNameElements PresentN2O2H2OCO2Which two of the above molecules makes up the majority (99%) of air?Give one example of each of the following types of energy:Potential energy (as a result of position) –Potential energy (as a result of chemical structure) –Kinetic energy –What three wavelengths of energy are found in sunlight? Specifically what wavelengths can plants use for photosynthesis?Why is the earth such a dynamic planet?How are CO2 and O2 unique to our planet?What is unique about our planet and why is our atmosphere so important?As energy moves through a food chain, about what percent actually transfers and is incorporated into the next level up? What happens to the remaining energy? (Hint: Second Law of Thermodynamics)Complete the following statement: Food webs and food chains show the flow of ______________, while the biogeochemical cycles describe the recycling of _______________.In addition to water, list the other elements there are biogeochemical cycles for. Place each of the animals below into one of the different trophic levels listed.Producers –Primary Consumers –Secondary Consumers –Tertiary Consumers - The food web diagram used in the previous question did not have any decomposers. Give two examples of decomposers that could be added. What would be their source of energy?Which trophic level always contains herbivores?Draw and explain the following cycles:Water CycleCarbon CycleNitrogen CycleWhich cycle does not have a gaseous (atmospheric) component? Explain the importance of this cycle.Biomes; Land EcosystemsVocabularyUnderstand and be able to apply each of these terms.Biome – Climate – Latitude – Altitude – Primary Succession – Secondary Succession – Critical ThinkingBe able to read, analyze, and give complete answers to questions like these. This unit covers ecosystems. What does this term include that communities and populations do not? What does the term biosphere include?Label the windward and leeward slopes of the diagram below.Image from Describe how the rainshadow effect can alter the climate of the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range. Give an example of a type of biome you might expect on each slope.What effect does living near a large ocean or lake have on average air temperatures?Give an example each of a location where primary succession and secondary succession could occur.Why is primary succession so much slower than secondary succession? Complete this summary chart of the land-based ecosystems.Precipitation (High, Low, or Seasonal)Avg. Temperature (High, Low, or Seasonal)Important Abiotic FactorsSubtropical DesertCoastal DesertRainshadow DesertTemperate DesertPolar DesertPrecipitation (High, Low, or Seasonal)Avg. Temperature (High, Low, or Seasonal)Important Abiotic FactorsSavannaPrairieTundraTropical RainforestDeciduous ForestBoreal Forest Temperate RainforestLabel each of the following areas on the map:The equator (0°)The North Pole (90°N)The South Pole (90°S)Shade in and label each of the following areas on the map above. (These are good to know for reference but you don’t need to memorize these exact latitudes for the test).The tropics (23°N to 23°S).The subtropics (23°N to 38°N and 23°S to 38°S).The temperate zone (38°N to 66°N and 38°S to 66°S)The Arctic Circle (66°N)The Antarctic Circle (66°S) Which zone would you expect to find each of the following ecosystems?Deserts:Savanna:Jungles:Tundra:Polar Desert:Deciduous Forest:Boreal Forest or Taiga:ClimatographUse the data provided to construct a climatograph. Temperature should be displayed as a line graph and precipitation as a bar graph.MonthPrecipitation (inches)Temperature (°F)January0.2-6February0.5-2March0.8-7April0.928May1.145June1.652July1.950August2.448September1.837October0.718November0.59December0.2-2What type of biome do you believe this is? Give specific observations from your graph to justify this answer. ................
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