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AP Psychology – III. Biological Bases of BehaviorUnit 2: Chapter 3, Selections from Textbook (AP Psychology Workbook)Name:Date:Period:NOTE to STUDENTS: Also a really important percentage of the AP Psychology Exam. Additionally, there a lot of vocabulary terms that are pure memorization that you may also need to be able to label or find on a diagram. Please take the time to study. III. Biological Bases of Behavior, 8–10%A. Physiological Techniques (e.g., imaging, surgical) (p. 69-72)B. Neuroanatomy (p.58, 69-84)C. Functional Organization of Nervous System (p.58-84)D. Neural Transmission (p. 59-60,63-68, 186, 222)E. Endocrine System (p.84-85, 365)F. Genetics (p. 87-92, 257-259, 281, 364)G. Evolutionary Psychology (p. 92-93)III. Biological Bases of Behavior (8–10%)An effective introduction to the relationship between physiological processes and behavior—including the influence of neural function, the nervous system and the brain, and genetic contributions to behavior—is an important element in the AP course.AP students in psychology should be able to do the following:Identify basic processes and systems in the biological bases of behavior, including:parts of the neuronthe process of transmission of a signal between neuronsDiscuss the influence of drugs on neurotransmitters (e.g., reuptake mechanisms).Discuss the effect of the endocrine system on behavior.circadian rhythmsseasonal affective disorderDescribe the nervous system and its subdivisions and functions:central nervous systemperipheral nervous systemscentral nervous system (CNS)peripheral nervous system (PNS)somatic nervous systemautomatic nervous systemnervous systemplasticityreflex reflex arc afferent nervesefferent nerveseffectors sympathetic nervous systemparasympathetic nervous systemDescribe major brain regions, lobes, and cortical areas.brain lateralization hemispheric specializationassociation areas contralaterality Recount historic and contemporary research strategies and technologies that support research case studiessplit-brain researchimaging techniquesDiscuss psychology’s abiding interest in how heredity, environment, and evolution work together to shape behavior.Predict how traits and behavior can be selected for their adaptive value.Identify key contributors.Paul BrocaCharles DarwinMichael GazzanigaRoger SperryCarl WernickeIdentify the following vocabulary.neuronsglial cellscell bodydendritesaxon myelin sheathneurogenesis resting potentialaction potentialall-or-nothing principlesalutatory conductionsynapsesexcitatoryinhibitoryneurotransmittersAcetycholine (Ach)GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid)GlutamateNorepinephrineDopamineSerotoninEndorphinsOxytocinneural networkshindbrainbrain stemmidbrain reticular formationforebrainlimbic systemamygdalahippocampusthalamusbasal gangliahypothalamuscerebral cortexgyrisulciconvolutionsneocortexoccipital lobestemporal lobesfrontal lobesparietal lobessomatosensory cortexmotor cortexassociation cortexcorpus callosumendocrine systemglandshormonespituitary glandadrenal glandspancreasovariestestesstem cellschromosomesdeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)genesdominant-recessive genes principlegenotypephenotypestressstressorsExplain vocabulary associated with learning about structure and function.Broca’s areaapahsiaWernicke’s arealesions computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Define terms to measure brain function.EEG (electroencephalogram)brain wavesevoked potentialspositron emission tomography (PET)functional MRI (fMRI)Define and explain the following in regards to genetics.nature-nurture controversyevolutionary psychologistsbehavioral geneticistsidentical twinszygotemonozygotic twinsfraternal twinsheritabilitychromosomegeneTurner syndromeKlinefelter’s syndromeDown syndromegenotypephenotypedominant geneTays-Sachs syndromeAlbinismPhenylketonuria (PKU)Huntington’s diseasesex-linked trainscolor blindnessAlzheimer’s disease ................
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