LHS Psych (AP & INTRO)



Name ____________________________________ Period___Unit #5 – LEARNING, States of Consciousness RG 6A pg. 215-227When you associate two things together, describe what you are doing. Give an example of two things you have associated together.What is Associative learning(def.)-?Classical conditioning(def.): Behaviorism-Fill out the chart below when reading about the components of Classical ConditioningTermDefine/explain each term hereWhat was it in Pavlov’s experiment?unconditioned stimulus (UCS) unconditioned response (UCR)conditioned stimulus (CS) conditioned response (CR)AcquisitionTiming?Define: ExtinctionSpontaneous recoveryGeneralization vs. discriminationExtended Pavlov’s UnderstandingExplain the ideas of predictability and expectancyHow do cognitive processes influence classical conditioning?Describe 2 of the ways that biological predispositions can affect learning by classical conditioning.Pavlov’s LegacyWhy does Pavlov’s work remain so important? (2 reasons)Explain the famous study of J.B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner.What significance does Watson’s experiment have on psychology today?RG 6b pg. 228-241Operant Conditioning(def.)-Respondent vs. operant behaviorLaw of effect (Thorndike)-Describe the “Skinner box” (operant chamber)Define and explain the process of shaping: Reinforcement(def.)-Positive vs. negative reinforcementPrimary vs. conditioned reinforcersImmediate vs. delayed reinforcers and their effects on humansReinforcement schedules:Continuous vs. partial (intermittent) reinforcementExplain the following schedules of partial reinforcement:TermDefinitionExampleFixed-ratioVariable-ratioFixed-intervalVariable-intervalPunishment(def.)-Positive vs. negative punishmentDescribe some drawbacks to the use of physical punishmentSkinner did not believe that cognition played a factor in learning…however, research has shown that it does (especially in studies of rats in mazes)Cognitive mapLatent learningDescribe an example from YOUR life when latent learning has occurredHow do biological predispositions influence operant conditioning?Explain how we see operant condition in the following places:SchoolSportsWorkHomeObservational learning(def.)-RG 6cpg. 242-249Modeling (def.)-What are mirror neurons?Do they exist in humans too? Explain. Give an example of when humans use them.Explain the basics of Bandura’s famous “Bobo Doll Experiment.” What have we learned from it?Prosocial models(def.)- -- how they influence people…When are models most effective?What happens when children are exposed to hypocrites?Does viewing televised violence influence aggression? Explain.STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS RG 6d pg. 175-196Consciousness=Allows us to…Biological rhythms=Circadian rhythmWhen during the day are we “sharpest”?How has the light bulb affected out circadian rhythm?Explain the sleep stagesStage:What happens to our mind and body in each stage?Stage 1Stage 2Stage 3Stage 4What happens after stage 4?Describe REMHow long will we sleep? How much sleep do we need?Effects of sleep deprivation…Explain the 4 sleep theories…a. _________________________-b. _________________________-c. _________________________-d. _________________________-Explain the following sleep disorders…InsomniaNarcolepsySleep ApneaNight TerrorsSleepwalkingDreams are…What are lucid dreams?Common content/themes of dreams-Manifest vs. latent contentWhy do we dream? (5 explanations)a.b.c.d.e.REM reboundHypnosisRead PPT online and/or text to summarize the text’s main points of hypnosis Psychoactive drugs-RG 6E pg. 197-210Dependence and addictionTolerance-Withdrawal-Physical dependence-Psychological dependence-Addiction-3 myths about addiction1.2.3.Psychoactive drugs (def.): list specific effects on the mind/bodyPhysical or Psychologically Addicting?Depressants Alcohol Barbiturates OpiatesStimulants Amphetamines Cocaine Ecstasy Hallucinogens LSD MarijuanaInfluences on drug useBiological influencesPsychological and social-cultural influence ................
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