Tusculum University



INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

1. DEFINITION

1. BIOLOGY

1. bio-

1. Life

2. -ology

2. Scientific study of

2. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE

1. Order

1. Molecules

1. Biochemists and molecular biologist often study this level of biological organization

2. Organelles

3. Cells

1. Cells are the smallest unit of life

2. Cytologists study cell structures

4. Tissues

1. Group of like cells that come together to perform a function

2. Histologists study tissues

5. Organs

1. Two or more tissues that come together to perform a function

6. Organ systems

1. Two or more organs that work together to perform a function

7. Organisms

1. Organismal biologist study organisms

2. Usually specialized

1. Bacteriologist study bacteria, botanist study plants, zoologist study animals, etc.

8. Populations

1. Members of a species in a certain area

9. Communities

1. All members of all species in a certain area

10. Ecosystems

1. All members of all species in a certain area interacting with each other and abiotic factors

2. Reproduction

11. Sexual

1. Two genetically different organisms donate genetic information to form an offspring that is genetically different from both parents

12. Asexual

1. One parent donates all the genetic information to the offspring

2. Offspring are identical to each other and to the parent

3. Growth and development

4. Performs work / Utilizes energy

13. Energy

1. Ability to do work

2. Sources

1. Chemotrophs

1. Uses chemical energy

2. Phototrophs

1. Use light energy

14. Types of work

1. Transport

2. Chemical

3. Mechanical

5. Responds to stimuli

6. Homeostasis

15. Most organ systems function to keep the body's internal environment approximately constant

7. Adaptation

16. Organisms with genetic modification that make them most suitable for their habitat will have more offspring than organisms less well adapted to their habitat

17. Over time, more and more members of the species will inherit these adaptations and the species evolves

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