2nd semester vocab words



2nd semester vocab words

QUIZ #1

ABDUCTION: A MOVEMENT OF A BODY PART AWAY FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE BODY

ADDUCTION: A MOVEMENT OF A BODY PART TOWARD THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY

AMBULATION: MOVE OR WALK FROM PLACE TO PLACE

AMNESIA: LOSS OF MEMORY

ANOMALY: DEVIATION FROM THE NORM

ACUTE INJURY: AN INJURY WITH SUDDEN ONSET AND SHORT DURATION

AGONIST MUSCLES: MUSCLE DIRECTLY ENGAGED IN CONTRACTION AS RELATED TO MUSCLES THAT RELAX AT THE SAME TIME

ANOXIA: LACK OF OXYGEN

ANTAGONIST MUSCLES: MUSCLES THAT COUTNACT THE ACTION OF THE AGONIST MUSCLES

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: STOP EXTERNAL ROTATION OF THE KNEE

QUIZ #2

ANTEROPOSTERIOR: refers to the position of front to back

ANXIETY: a feeling of uncertainty or apprehension

APOPHYSIS: a bone outgrowth to which muscles attach

ARTHOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Viewing the inside of a joint via the arthroscope which utilizes a small camera lens.

ARRHYTHMICAL MOVEMENT: irregular movement

ARTICLUATION: a joint

ASSUMPTION OF RISK: an individual, thought expressed or implied agreement, assume that some risk or danger will be involved in a particular undertaking.

ASYMMETRIES (BODY): a lack of symmetry of the body.

ATROPHIC NECROSIS: death of an area due to lack of circulation

AVASCULAR NECROSIS: death of an area resulting from a lack of blood supply

QUIZ #3

AVULSION: a tearing away

AXILLA: arm pit

BANDAGE: a strip of cloth or other material used to hold a dressing in place

BILATERAL: pertaining to both sides

BIOMECHANICS: branch of study that applies the laws of mechanics to living organism and biological tissues.

BIPEDAL: having two feet or moving on two feet

BULIMIA: binge-purge eating disorder

BURSA: a fibrous sac between certain tendons and the bones beneath them that acts as a cushion and allows the tendon, as it contacts and relaxes to move over the bone.

BURSITIS: inflammation of a bursa, especially those bursae located between bony prominences and a muscle or tendon, such as those of the shoulder or knee.

CALCIFIC TENDINITIS: deposition of calcium in a chronically inflamed tendon, especially the tendons of the shoulder.

QUIZ #4

CALISTHENIC: exercise involving free movement without the aid of equipment.

CATASTROPHIC INJURY: a permanent injury to the spinal cord that leave the athlete quadriplegic or paraplegic.

CHRONIC INJURY: an injury with long onset and long duration

CIRCUMDUCT: act of moving a limb such as the arm or hip in a circular motion.

CLOSED FRACTURE: fracture that does not penetrate superficial tissue

COLLAGENOUS TISSUE: the white fibrous substance composing of connective tissue

COLLISION SPORT: athletes use their bodies to deter or punish opponents

COMMISSION (legal liability): performing an act outside of an individuals legal jurisdiction

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE: a disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another.

CONCENTRIC MUSCLES CONTRACTION: refers to muscle shortening

QUIZ #5

CONDUCTION: heating by direct contact with a hot medium

CONJUNCTIVAE: mucous membrane that lines the eye

CONTACT SPORT: athletics make physical contact, but not with the intent to produce bodily injury

COUNTRCOUP BRAIN INJURY: after head is struck, brain continues to move within the skull and become injured opposite the force

CONVECTION: heating indirectly through another medium such as air or liquid

CONVERSION: heating by other forms of energy, (e.g. electricity)

CONVULSIONS: paroxysms of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations

CORE TEMPERATURE: internal or deep body monitored by cells in the hypothalamus

CORTICOSTEROID: a steroid produced by the adrenal cortex

COUNTERIRRITANT: an agent that produces a mild inflammation and in turn acts as an analgesic when applied locally to the skin.

QUIZ #6

CREPITATION: a crackling sound heard on the movement of the ends of a broken bone.

CRYOKINETICS: cold application combined with exercise.

DEBRIDE: removal of dirt and dead tissue from a wound.

DEGENERATION: deterioration of tissue.

DIAPHRAGM: a musculomembraneous wall separating the abdomen from the thoracic cavity.

DIARTHRODIAL JOINT: ball and socket joint.

DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE: the residual pressure when the heart is between beats.

DISTAL: farthest away from a point of reference.

DORISFLEXION: bending toward the dorsum or rear, opposite of the plantar flexion.

DORSUM: the back of a body part.

DRESSING: a material, such as gauze, applied to a wound.

QUIZ #7

DURATION: length of time that an athlete works during a bout of exercises.

ECCENTRIC MUSCLE CONTRACTION: refers to muscle lengthening.

ECCHYMOSIS: black and blue skin discoloration due to hemorrhage.

ECTOPIC: located in a place different from normal.

EDEMA: swelling as a result of the collection of fluid in the connective tissue.

ELECTROLYTE: solution that is a conductor of electricity.

ELECTROTHERAPY: treating disease by electrical devices.

ENDURANCE: the ability of the body to undergo prolonged activity.

ENTRAPMENT: organ becomes compressed by nearby tissue.

EPIPHYSIS: the cartilaginous growth region of a bone.

QUIZ #8

ETIOLOGY: pertaining to the cause of a condition.

EVERSION OF THE FOOT: to turn the foot outward.

FASCIA: fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles.

FASCIITIS: fascia inflammation.

FOOT PRONATION: combined foot movements of eversion and abduction.

FOOT SUPINATION: combined foot movements of inversion and abduction.

FREQUENCY: number of times per week that an athlete exercises.

GENU GECURVATUS: hyperextension of the knee joint.

GENU VALGUM: knock knees

GENU VARUM: bow legs.

QUIZ #9

HEMATOMA: blood tumor.

HEMOGLOBIN: coloring substance of the red blood cells.

HEMOPHILIA: hereditary blood disease in which coagulation is greatly prolonged.

HEMORRHAGE: discharge of blood.

HEMOTHORAX: bloody fluid in the pleural cavity.

HOMEOSTASIS: maintenance of a steady state in the body’s internal environment.

HYPEREXTENSION: extreme stretching out of a body part.

HYPERFLEXABILITY: flexibility beyond a joint’s normal range.

HYPERMOBILITY: mobility of a joint that is extreme.

HYPERTENSION: high blood pressure; abnormally high tension.

QUIZ #10

HYPERTONIC: having higher osmotic pressure than a compared solution.

HYPERTROPHY: enlargement of a part caused by an increase in the size of its cells.

HYPERVENTILATION: abnormally deep breathing that is prolonged, causing a depletion of carbon dioxide, a fall in blood pressure, and fainting.

HYPOALLERGENIC: low allergy producing

HYPOXIA: lack of an adequate amount of oxygen.

INJURY: an act that causes damage or hurt.

INNERVATION: nerve stimulation of a muscle.

INTENSITY: increasing the work load.

INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE: connective tissue membrane between bones.

INTERVERTEBRAL: between two vertebrae

QUIZ #11

INTRAMUSCLULAR BLEEDING: bleeding within a muscle.

INRAVENOUS: substances administered to a patient via a vein.

INVERSION OF THE FOOT: to turn the foot inward, inner border of the foot lifts.

IONS: electrically charged atoms.

IPSILATERAL: situated on the same side.

ISOKINETIC EXERCISE: the amount of resistance depends upon that extent of force applied by the athlete, speed is constant.

ISOMETRIC EXERCISE: type of movement that contracts a muscle without changing its length.

ISOTONIC EXERCISE: form of exercise that shortens and lengthens a muscle through a complete range of motion.

JOINT: where two bones join together.

JOINT CAPSULE: saclike structure that encloses the ends of bones in a diarthrodial joint.

QUIZ #12

KELOID: an overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue at the site of a wound.

KYPHOSIS: exaggeration of the normal thoracic spine.

LATERAL: pertaining to point of reference away from the midline of the body.

LIABILITY: the legal responsibility to perform an act in a reasonable and prudent manner.

LORDOSIS: abnormal lumbar vertebral convexity.

LUXATION: total dislocation.

MEDIAL: pertaining to point of reference closest to the midline of the body.

METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT: joint where the phalanges meet with the metatarsal bones.

MICROTRAUMA: small musculoskeletal traumas that are accumulative.

MUSCLE: tissue that when stimulated, contracts and produces motion.

QUIZ #13

OSTEOCHONDRITIS: fragment of cartilage and underlying bone is detached from the articular surface.

OSTEOPEROSIS: loss of the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue.

PALPATE: to use the hands or fingers to examine.

PALPATION: feeling an injury with the fingers.

PARAPLEGIA: paralysis of lower portion of the body and both legs.

PARATHESIA: abnormal sensation such as numbness, prickling, or tingling.

PATHOLOGY: study of the nature and cause of disease.

PEDIATRICIAN: a specialist in the treatment of children’s diseases.

PERIOSTEUM: a fibrous coving of bone.

PHAGOCYTOSIS: process of ingesting microorganisms, other cells, or foreign particles, commonly by monocytes, or white blood cells.

QUIZ #14

PHALANGES: bones of the fingers and toes.

PHALANX: any one of the bones of the fingers and toes.

PLANTARFLEXION: the forepart of the foot is depressed relative to the ankle.

PLICA: fold of tissue within the body.

PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE: an exercise that maximizes the stretch reflex.

PNEUMOTHORAX: a collapse of a lung due to air in the pleural cavity.

POSTERIOR: toward the rear or back.

POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: a ligament that stops internal rotation of the knee.

POWER: ability to accelerate a load, depending on the level of strength and velocity of a muscle contraction.

PRIMARY ASSESMENT: initial first aid evaluation.

QUIZ # 15

PROPHYLACTIC: pertaining to prevention, preservations, or protection

PROPHLAXIS: guarding against injury or disease

MUSCLE CONTRACTURE: abnormal shortening of muscle tissue in which there is a great deal of resistance to passive stretch.

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE: the ability to perform repetitive muscular contractions against some resistance.

MUSCULAR STRENGTH: the max force that can be applied by a muscle during a single maximal contraction.

MUSKULOSKELETAL: pertaining to muscles and the skeleton.

MYOGLOBIN: respitory pigment in muscle tissue that is an oxygen carrier.

MYOSITIS: inflammation of muscle.

NECROSIS: death of tissue.

NEGATIVE RESISTANCE: slow eccentric muscle contraction against resistance with muscle lengthening.

QUIZ #16

NEGLIGENCE: the failure to use ordinary or reasonable care.

NERVE ENTRAPMENT: a nerve that is compressed between bone or soft tissue.

NEURITIS: inflammation of a nerve.

NON-CONTACT SPORT: athletes are not involved in any physical contact.

NYSTAGMUS: a constant involuntary back and forth, up and down, or rotary movement of the eyeball.

OMISSION: person fails to perform a legal duty.

OPEN FRACTURE: overlying skin has been lacerated by protruding bone fragments.

ORTHOSIS: used in sports as an appliance or apparatus used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities, or to improve function of a movable body part.

OSTEOARTHRITIS: a chronic disease involving joints in which there is destruction of articular cartilage and bone overgrowth.

OSTEOCHONDRAL: refers to the relationship of bone and cartilage.

QUIZ #17

OSTEOCHONDRITIS: inflammation of bone and cartilage.

PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION: stretching techniques that involve alternating contractions and stretches.

PROPRIOCEPTORS: organs within the body that provide the athlete with an awareness of where the body is in space.

PROXIMAL: nearest to the point of reference.

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL: involving the mind and the body.

PSYCHOSOMATIC: showing effects of mind-body relationship, physical disorder caused or influenced by the mind.

QUADRAPLEGIA: paralysis affecting all four limbs.

REFFERED PAIN: pain that is felt at a point of the body other than at its actual origin.

REGENERATION: repair, regrowth, or restoration of a part such as tissue.

RESIDUAL: that which remains; often used to describe a permanent condition resulting from injury or diseases.

QUIZ #18

RESORPTION: act of removal by absorption.

REVASTULARIZE: restoration of blood circulation to an injured area.

RHINITIS: inflammation of the nasal mucus lining.

ROTATION: turning around an axis in angular motion.

SCIATICA: inflammatory condition of the sciatic nerve, commonly associated with peripheral nerve root compression.

SCOLIOSIS: a lateral deviation curve of the spine.

SECONDARY ASSESMENT: follow up; a more detailed examination.

SEIZURE: a sudden attack.

SLING PSYCHOMETER: instrument for establishing the wet bulb, globe temperature index.

SPASM: a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.

QUIZ #19

SPICA: a figure 8, with one loop larger than the other.

SPONDYLOLISTHESIS: forward slipping of a vertebral body, usually a lumbar vertebrae.

SPONDYLOLISIS: a degeneration of the vertebrae in a defect in the pars intermedia of the articular processes of the vertebrae.

STATIC STRETCHING: passively stretching an antagonistic muscle by placing it in a maximal stretch position and holding it in place.

STRETCHING: ability of a muscular contraction to exert force to remove an object or to perform work against a fixed object.

STRESS: the positive and negative forces that can disrupt the body’s equilibrium

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