Cell Organelle Chart - Loudoun County Public Schools



Cell Organelle Chart

|Name |Prokaryotic/ Plant/Animal |Description |Function |

| | |Flexible boundary that surrounds the cell |Separates the cell from outside environment |

|Cell Membrane |Pro, A, P |Bi-layer of proteins & lipids |Selectively permeable |

| | |Rigid Structure outside plasma memb |Additional support, protection |

|Cell Wall |Pro, P |Made of cellulose |Gives cell its shape |

| | |Contains DNA (directions to make proteins) |Controls the cell activities |

|Nucleus |A, P | | |

|Nuclear membrane/ Envelope | |Double memb layer that surrounds nucleus |Allows material to move into & out of Nucleus (RNA pass through pores) |

| |A, P | | |

| | |1000s of pores in nuclear envelope |Allow material to move into & out of Nucleus |

|Nuclear Pores |A, P | | |

| | |Granular material within nucleus |Condenses to form chromosome at the time of cell division |

|Chromatin |A, P |DNA bound to protein | |

| | |Distinct threadlike |Blueprint - controls cell activity |

|Chromosome |A, P |Contains genetic info |Pass on genetic info to next generation |

| | |Small dense region in nucleus |Assembly of ribosomes take place here |

|Nucleolus |A, P | | |

| | |Clear Gelatinous(jelly) fluid inside the cell |Chemical reactions take place here |

|Cytoplasm |Pro, A, P | | |

| | |Network of protein filaments |Helps the cell to maintain its shape & 3 D structure |

|Cytoskeleton |A, P | |Cell movement |

| | |Short/long projections of microtubules |Cell Movement |

|Cilia/ |A | | |

|Flagella | | | |

| | |Hollow tubes of protein |Maintain cell shape |

|Microtubule |A, P | |Form cilia/flagella |

| | | |Separate chromosomes in cell division |

| | |Long thin fibers |Maintain cell shape |

|Microfilament |A, P | |Cell movement & support |

| | |Tiny , abundant |Site of protein synthesis |

|Ribosome |Pro, A, P |Made of RNA & Protein | |

| | |Highly folded memb in cytoplasm |Connects membrane |

|Endoplasmic Reticulum |A, P |Rough E.R. (ribosome) |Moves material |

| | |Smooth E.R. (no ribosomes) |Process protein |

| | | |Smooth E.R. – production & storage of carbs & lipid |

| | |Flattened stack of tubular memb |Sorts & packs protein into vesicle & transports them |

|Golgi Apparatus |A, P |Found near cell memb | |

| | |Contains digestive enzymes |Digests food, bacteria, worn out organelle |

|Lysosome |A | | |

| | |Sac (membrane bound) |Stores food, enzyme, and other material |

|Vacuole |P, A (small or none) | |Support |

| | |Double membrane bound organelle |Power house of cell – produces energy for growth, development, and |

|Mitochondrion |A, P | |movement |

| | |Small structure outside nucleus formed from microtubules |Helps in cell division (mitosis) |

|Centrioles/ Basal bodies |A | |Helps in forming flagella and cilia |

| | |Double membrane bound organelle |Captures light & converts it into chemical energy |

|Chloroplast |P |Pigment chlorophyll is present in inner menb |Pigment chlorophyll (photosynthesis) |

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