1) - Wofford College
Which of the following is not an accessory organ of digestion?
Esophagus
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver
Salivary glands
Salivary amylase partially digests which of the following?
Lipids
Proteins
Polysaccharides
Amino acids
The digestive action of the stomach produces a liquid containing protein fragments, fat droplets, polysaccharides, etc. called:
Intestinal juice
Chyme
Micelles
Chylomicrons
The organ in which protein digestion begins is the:
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
The small intestine is divided into 3 segments; most absorption of nutrients takes place in the:
Ileum
Ileum and duodenum
Duodenum and jejunum
Jejunum and ileum
The myenteric nerve plexus is located in the:
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis externa
Serosa
Functions of HCl in the stomach include:
Killing bacteria
Digestion of proteins
Dissolving particulate matter in food
The type of macromolecule that serves as fiber is:
polysaccharide.
protein.
nucleotide.
lipid.
Which of the following components of bile serve as emulsifying agents:
Bile salts
phospholipids (lecithin)
Cholesterol
Bicarbonate ions
Bile pigments
Which of the following best describes a lacteal?
A vascular capillary in the villus of the small intestine.
An arteriole in the villus of the small intestine.
A blind-end lymphatic vessel.
A blind-end venule.
The breakdown of protein molecules into peptide fragments by pepsin occurs in the:
Small intestine.
Stomach.
Large intestine
Proteolytic enzymes secreted by the pancreas include all but which of the following:
Carboxypeptidase
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Aminopeptidase
Colipase is use to hold lipase onto the:
Micelle.
Chylomicron.
Lipid droplet.
Emulsifying agent.
Gastrin:
Stimulates acid secretion by the stomach
Stimulates motility in the stomach
Is made and secreted by cells in the antrum of the stomach.
All of the following stimulate the secretion of acid by the parietal cell except:
Histamine
Gastrin
Somatostatin
Acetylcholine
Which of the following influences on HCl secretion by the parietal cell is blocked by drugs like Tagamet and Zantac?
Gastrin
Ach
Somatostatin
Histamine
Which of the following cells of the stomach secretes pepsinogen?
Parietal cell
Chief cell
Mucus neck cells
None of the above
Which of the following cells of the stomach secretes intrinsic factor?
Parietal cell
Chief cell
Mucous neck cells
None of the above
All of the following stimulate increased production of HCl except:
Sight, smell, taste of food
Gastric distension
Presence of peptides in the stomach
Increased hydrogen ion concentration in the small intestine
Heartburn is a result of the incompetence of which of the following sphincters:
Sphincter of Oddi
Upper esophageal sphincter
Duodenal sphincter (pylorus)
Lower esophageal sphincter
Which of the following are sources of zymogens?
Esophagus
Liver
Pancreas
stomach
CCK secretion is stimulated by:
The presence of peptides in the stomach.
The presence of amino acids and fatty acids in the small intestine.
Distension of the stomach.
Gastrin release in the stomach.
Secretin release by the small intestine.
CCK:
Stimulates enzyme secretion by the pancreas.
Inhibits gallbladder contraction.
Stimulates acid secretion by the stomach.
Potentiates the effect of Secretin
Secretin secretion is stimulated by:
Acid from stomach arriving in the small intestine.
Gastrin.
CCK.
Distension of the small intestine.
Secretin:
Stimulates gallbladder contraction.
Stimulates acid secretion by the stomach.
Stimulates bicarbonate secretion from the pancreas.
Stimulates motility in the stomach.
Bicarbonate is secreted by:
Hepatocytes in the liver.
Epithelial bile duct cells in the liver.
Exocrine cells in the pancreas
Pancreatic duct cells in the pancreas.
In the digestion of lipids, which of the following enters the lacteal?
Lipid droplet
Micelle
Emulsion droplet
Chylomicron
The major function of the large intestine is
Breakdown of erythrocytes
Absorb water from lumen
Secrete bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
Which types of receptors are found along the alimentary canal?
Mechanoreceptors
Osmoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Enteroendocrine cells secrete
Hormones
Zymogens
Acid
bicarbonate
If Na+/K+ ATPases in the basolateral membranes of enterocytes were poisoned so that they no longer functioned, the consequences would be
Simple sugars would not be absorbed
Amino acids would not be absorbed
Lipids would not be absorbed
Diarrhea.
Which of the following phases of hydrochloric acid secretion is mediated by the sight, smell, and taste of food along with chewing?
The cephalic phase
The gastric phase
The intestinal phase.
Age-associated loss of lactase is associated with which of the following in persons who develop lactose intolerance:
Constipation
Bile stones
Diarrhea
Excessive gas
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