Diversity of Cell Structure and Function



Diversity of Cell Structure and Function

Dr. Ingrid Waldron, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 2011[1]

1. Complete the table to list three structures in the plant cell which are not found in animal cells and explain why each of these structures is useful for plant cells, but not for animal cells.

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|Structure found |Why is this structure useful for plant cells? |Explain why this structure is not needed or would be |

|in plant cells, but not in animal | |a disadvantage for animal cells. |

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2. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have some of the same components, but also some different components. Use the diagrams of the eukaryotic animal cell and the prokaryotic bacterial cell to show each component from the following list that is found in each type of cell:

cell wall, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, nucleus,

plasma membrane, ribosomes.

Show at least one place where each of the following molecules is found in the eukaryotic cell and the prokaryotic cell: ATP, DNA, protein enzyme, phospholipid.

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Eukaryotic Animal Cell Prokaryotic Bacterial Cell

3. Different types of cells in our bodies have different functions, and they often have different types or amounts of organelles to accomplish these different functions. The first column of the table gives some examples. Complete the second column to explain how the specific organelles or other characteristics of each type of cell help this type of cell to accomplish its function.

|Cell Type and |How These Characteristics Help This Type of Cell |

|Special Characteristics |Accomplish Its Function |

|Each sperm cell has a flagellum and very | |

|little cytoplasm. | |

|Pancreas cells that secrete | |

|protein digestive enzymes | |

|have lots of rough ER and | |

|Golgi apparatus. | |

|Phagocytic cells that "eat" | |

|bacteria have lots of | |

|lysosomes and can move | |

|around the body. | |

|Red blood cells have no | |

|nucleus or mitochondria; | |

|red blood cells are filled with | |

|hemoglobin. | |

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[1] This student handout, teacher notes and multiple activities for teaching biology are available at .

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