Chapter 8 - Toxicology: Poisons and Alcohol



Chapter 8 - Toxicology: Poisons and Alcohol

A History of poison…

Dates from before _________________ to the present day. Poisons have been used for many purposes: weapons, anti-venoms, and medicines. Poison has allowed much progress in branches of medicine, toxicology, and technology, among other sciences.

Toxins are poisons produced via some _________________________ in nature.

Venoms are biologic toxins that are _______________________________________to cause their effect

Other poisons are generally defined as substances which are _______________ through epithelial linings such as the______________________.

Toxicology: the study of the _________________________________of chemicals or physical agents on living organisms.

Types:

Environmental—air, water, soil

Consumer—foods, cosmetics, drugs

Medical, clinical, forensic

Forensic Toxicology

Postmortem—________________________________________

Criminal—motor vehicle _____________________________(MVA)

Workplace—________________________________

Sports—______________________________ (racehorses)

Environment—industrial, catastrophic, ____________________________

Toxic substances may:

Be a cause of ______________

Contribute to ________________

Cause _________________

Explain __________________

Aspects of Toxicity

_________________

The chemical or physical ___________________________of the substance

The ____________________________ into the body

Body weight and ___________________________________________of the victim, including age and sex

The ________________________ of exposure

The presence of ____________________________ in the body or in the dose

Lethal Dose

LD50: dose of substance that ______________ test population, usually within four hours

Expressed in milligrams of substance _________________________________ weight

Toxicity Classes

|LD50 (rat,oral) |Correlation to Ingestion by 150 lb Adult Human |Toxicity |

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