Motivation, Emotion, and Personality Formative Assessment ...



righttop40000100000-2304146836410Name _______________________________________________________/170 points020000Name _______________________________________________________/170 points-1918613431540*Reminder: Some content may be out of order. Using the index may help you locate the information in a different area of the text.4000020000*Reminder: Some content may be out of order. Using the index may help you locate the information in a different area of the text.rightcenter-3810002513330Motivation, Emotion, and Personality Formative Assessment Packet900007300Motivation, Emotion, and Personality Formative Assessment PacketModule 37 – Motivational Concepts (12 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):How have you helped your body achieve homeostasis today?Consider your own experiences in relation to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Have you ever experienced hunger or thirst that displaced your concern for other, higher-level needs? Do you usually feel safe? Loved? Confident? How often do you feel you are able to address what Maslow called your “self-actualization” needs?Test Yourself (2 points):Performance peaks at lower levels of arousal for difficult tasks, and at higher levels for easy or well-learned tasks. (1) How might this phenomenon affect marathon runners? (2) How might the phenomenon affect anxious test-takers facing a difficult test?An older friend recounted his weekend experience. After hours of driving to visit a friend, he could not find anywhere to stop. Finally, he spotted a dimly lit diner. Although it looked deserted and a little creepy, he went in anyway because he was really hungry and thirsty. How would Maslow’s hierarchy of needs explain his behavior?Multiple Choice (5 points):1. _____ Instinct theory is related to the __________ perspective of psychology.a. motivationalb. evolutionaryc. arousald. drive-reductione. self-actualization2. _____ Karl is hungry, so he eats a hamburger and does not feel hungry anymore. Karl’s hunger can est be described as a(n)a. drive.b. instinct.c. incentive.d. reflex.e. extrinsic reward.3. _____ Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drawn from the Yerkes-Dodson Law?a. Performance on easy tasks is best when arousal is low.b. Performance is best when arousal is extremely high.c. Performance is best when arousal is extremely low.d. Performance on difficult tasks is best when arousal is high.e. Performance is best when arousal is moderate.4. _____ Which of the following is the most basic motive in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?a. Belongingness and love needsb. Physiological needsc. Esteem needsd. Self-actualization needse. Self-transcendence needs5. _____ Maslow’s hierarchy of needs would have difficulty explaining whya. a person in a war zone is not interested in being self-actualized.b. a lonely person does not look beyond themselves to find their identity.c. a hungry person works hard to feed herself.d. a prisoner engages in a hunger strike to improve their cell conditions.e. a teenager with many friends works to earn the respect of his elders.Practice FRQ (3 points):Describe how the following motivational theories could explain a young man’s desire to become an excellent soccer player.IncentiveArousalMaslow’s hierarchy of needsChoose a protagonist or antagonist from a work of fiction or nonfiction (book, movie), and describe how this person meets/does not meet each of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (7 points):Name of work/protagonist____________________________________Physiological needs:Safety needs:Belongingness and love needs:Esteem needs:Self-actualization needs:Self-transcendence needs:Do you relate to this person? Why or why not? Where do you find yourself on Maslow’s hierarchy?Module 38 – Hunger Motivation (12 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):Have you ever dieted or fasted and experienced the kind of food-distracted thought Ancel Keys’ volunteers experienced? How did that affect your behavior?Do you feel in touch with your body’s hunger signals? Do you eat when your body needs food? Or do u tend to be more externally influenced by enticing foods even when you’re full?Test Yourself (3 points):Hunger occurs in response to __________ (low/high) blood glucose and __________ (low/high) levels of ghrelin.Why can two people of the same height, age, and activity level maintain the same weight, even if one of them eats much less than the other does?You skipped lunch to meet with your guidance counselor, so you haven’t eaten anything in eight hours. As your long-awaited favorite dish is placed in front of you, your mouth waters in anticipation. Why?Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ At the end of your summer barbeque, you are feeling very full due to the activity of youra. cerebellum.b. arcuate nucleus.c. hypothalamus.d. hippocampus.e. adrenal glands.2. _____ No matter how hard she tries to lose weight, Anne finds it difficult to drop below 15 pouds. The weight of 145 pounds is best described as Anne’sa. neophobia.b. basal metabolic rate.c. body mass index.d. PYY.e. set point.3. _____ Leptin, a protein that causes hunger when its levels are low, is secreted bya. fat cells.b. the pituitary gland.c. the stomach.d. the small intestine.e. the large intestine.4. _____ Dylan has a BMA of 36. She would best be described asa. introverted.b. below average on the Buoyant Mood Index.c. normal in Basal Metabolism Index score.d. introverted.e. obese.Practice FRQ (3 points):Geroge believes he is overweight and would like to lose weight. Explain why each of the following would help or hinder his efforts to lose weight:Eating while watching an action movieEating with his friendsEating in a buffet restaurantModule 40 – Affiliation and Achievement (14 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):Have there been times when you felt out of the loop with family and friends, or even ostracized by them? How did you respond?What goal would you like to achieve? How might you use the seven strategies offered in this section to meet that goal?Test Yourself (4 points):How have students reacted in studies where they were made to feel rejected and unwanted? What helps explain these results?Social networking tends to __________ (strengthen/weaken) your relationships with people you already know and __________ (increase/decrease) your self-disclosure.What have researchers found to be an even better predictor of school performance than intelligence test scores?How might drive-reduction theory and arousal theory explain our affiliation and achievement needs?Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ When asked, “What is it that makes your life meaningful?”, people are most likely to answer:a. money.b. close relationships.c. a satisfying career.d. an average level of intelligence.e. a skill such as cooking, or a talent such as playing an instrument.2. _____ Peyton sits by herself most days at lunch because her friends are refusing to speak to her. Her friends are demonstratinga. grit.b. narcissism.c. empathy.d. positive reinforcement.e. ostracism.3. _____ Researchers studying the relationship between heavy Internet use and grades have found thata. low use is positively correlated with grades.b. high use is positively correlated with grades.c. high use is negatively correlated with grades.d. an illusory correlation exists between Internet use and grades.e. no correlation exists between these two variables.4. _____ Research on achievement motivation has found thata. people who demonstrate grit tend to have lower levels of achievement.b. those with high levels of self-discipline have higher levels of achievement.c. achievement is simply due to ability.d. people who keep their goals to themselves are more successful than those who share them with others.e. those who have a plan succeed less often than those who do not.Practice FRQ (4 points):Jim has decided that during his senior year he wishes to focus more on his academics and earn better grades. Explain how each of the following could help him earn better grades:GritHis peer groupExplain how each of the following could hinder him in his pursuit of better grades:OstracismNarcissismPractice with Theories of Motivation (10 points)TheoryExplanation regarding motivated behaviorDrive-Reduction TheoryPhysiological needs create an aroused or motivated psychological state that “drives” the person/animal to act in a manner that will reduce the tension caused by the unfulfilled need. (Reduce the drive… return to homeostasis)Incentive TheoryAn organism is motivated to act in order to gain a reward.Instinct Theory (Evolutionary)An organism is motivated to complete a task because they are biologically programmed to do so.Arousal TheoryAn individual is motivated to maintain a personally preferred level of alertness or excitement. If the individual’s level of arousal falls below their personally preferred level, they will be motivated take action to reach that level. According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law the optimal level of arousal for most tasks is moderate, but for easy tasks arousal should be higher and for difficult tasks it should be lower for the best performance. Directions: Identify the following situations with the appropriate theory:drive-reductionincentive theoryinstinct theoryarousal theory____________________Ben is walking his dog outside in the winter, it is very cold and he is shivering which motivates him to put on his hat and zip his jacket up all the way.____________________Susan works hard in school because her parents give her twenty dollars for each A she receives on her report card. ____________________Albert has test anxiety and as a result does not perform well on exams. His psychologist provides him with several breathing techniques to use before he takes a test which will reduce his level of excitement in order to optimize his performance.____________________Angela has sixth period lunch. Although she eats a large breakfast she finds that she is hungry by third period. By sixth period, she can think of nothing else but getting to delicious mozzarella sticks in the cafeteria.____________________The goslings that Konrad Lorenz worked with found themselves naturally drawn to him as their mother figure in the first few hours after their birth and followed him wherever he went.____________________Teddy works on an assembly line putting fender’s on cars, and finds that he needs to have a cup of coffee in order to keep himself interested in the task when he would otherwise drift off?____________________Joe joined the cross-country team because he has anxiety and running reduces his anxiety level and makes him feel calm and relaxed.____________________John joined the cross-country team because he hopes to decorate his room with all of the trophies that he will win.____________________Clara stayed up all might studying for her AP Psychology exam, the next morning during the exam while she wants to be attentive; her body is telling her it needs sleep. ____________________Dogs often have the inclination to dig in the yard; they often do this even if they have never seen this behavior displayed before. Perhaps this behavior has helped them find food that may have been buried and this has been passed along over many generations of dogs. Module 41 – Theories and Physiology of Emotion (13 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):Can you remember a time when you began to feel upset or uneasy and only later labeled those feelings?Can you think of a recent time when you noticed your body’s reactions to an emotionally charged situation, such as a difficult social setting, or perhaps a test or game you had been worrying about in advance? How would you describe your sympathetic nervous system’s responses?Test Yourself (4 points):According to the Cannon-Bard theory, (a) our physiological response to a stimulus (for example, a pounding heart) and (b) the emotion we experience (for example, fear) occur __________ (simultaneously/sequentially). According to the James-Lange theory, (a) and (b) occur __________ (simultaneously/sequentially).According to Schacter and Singer, two factors lead to our experience of an emotion: (1) physiological arousal and (2) __________ appraisal.Emotion researchers have disagreed about whether emotional responses occur in the absence of cognitive processing. How would you characterize the approach of each of the following researchers: Zajoric, LeDoux, Lazarus, Schachter, and Singer?How do the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system affect our emotional responses?Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ One night Samar became frightened when she was startled by a noise while walking down the street alone. Which theory of emotion would say that her fear resulted from the startle response alone?a. James-Langeb. Cannon-Bardc. Two-factord. Lazarus’e. Schacter-Singer’s2. _____ The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion states thata. emotional response occurs before cognition.b. physiological response occurs before emotional response.c. emotional response occurs before physiological response.d. cognition occurs before emotional response.e. physiological response and emotion occur independently and simultaneously.3. _____ Which of the following is an example of cognitive appraisal?a. Randall is happy all day because he is savoring the wonderful events of yesterday.b. Charles is frightened in a dark alley because he remembers stories of others being attacked in dark alleys.c. Sherika labels the arousal she is feeling as attraction because she is in the presence of a good-looking man.d. Dora is angry because she cannot figure out how to convince her husband to take her to Hawaii.e. Ann is frustrated because traffic has made her late for an important meeting.4. _____ Which of the following characterizes the “low road” neural pathway to emotions?a. Information travels directly from the thalamus to the amygdala.b. The emotional response happens more slowly than it would via the “high road.”c. It is an example of top-down processing.d. It is more likely to be utilized for complex feelings.e. It passes through the brain’s cortex.Practice FRQ (3 points):Lynn’s boyfriend has not replied to her last three texts. Lynn is experiencing anger, increased blood pressure, and rapid breathing. Analyze this situation using the James-Lange, Cannon-Bard, and Lazarus theories of emotion.Practice with Theories of Emotion (10 points)Directions: Read each of the following situations and identify which theory of emotion best explains what is happening.James-LangCannon-BardSchachter-SingerOpponent Process1. ____________________ Shrek realizes that every time he sees Fiona his heart starts to race. His brain automatically determines from this physical reaction that he must be in love with her.2. ____________________ One of Pavlov’s dogs has broken free, he is extremely angry and seeks his revenge against “the evil” Ivan. As Ivan runs from the dog he feels his heart race and experiences the emotion of fear at the same time.3. ____________________ Freddy the clown has been working at the circus for years. He feels his heart racing and looks around his environment and notices that everyone else at the circus appears to be having fun and so he identifies his subjective experience as “fun”.4. ____________________ Ramona was excited because the time machine she created allowed her to finally meet her favorite historical psychologist, Jean Piaget. She knew, however, that after the great excitement she experienced that day would be followed by depression once she had to return.5. ____________________ This theory believes that the thalamus can route emotional messages to multiple parts of the brain at the same time causing us to feel the physiological and emotional feelings simultaneously.6. ____________________ This theory states that after several instances with experiencing a given emotion one will not experience such extreme swings in their emotions.7. ____________________ Which theory describes that an emotional experience involves a cognitive assessment of one’s physiological arousal?8. ____________________ Which theory is often referred to as the Two-Factor Model of emotion?9. ____________________ As you run from the attacking tiger your sympathetic nervous system is activated. The specific pattern of autonomic arousal you experience is automatically interpreted by the brain as fear. 10. ____________________ As you run from the attacking tiger your sympathetic nervous system is activated. Your brain evaluates your?surroundings and determines from the large animal racing toward you that you are?in fact afraid, and not excited. Module 42 – Expressing Emotion (10 points)Ask Yourself (1 point):Can you think of one situation in which you would like to change the way you feel, and create a simple plan for doing so? For instance, if you would like to feel more cheerful on your way to class tomorrow morning, rather than dragging yourself there, you might try walking briskly—with head held high and a pleasant expression on your face.Test Yourself (2 points):__________ (Women/Men) report experiencing emotions more deeply, and they tend to be more adept at reading nonverbal behavior.Are people more likely to differ culturally in their interpretations of facial expressions, or of gestures?Multiple Choice (3 points):1. _____ Researchers have discovered that people most readily identify which emotion, when given images of faces with a variety of facial expressions?a. happinessb. angerc. sadnessd. surprisee. disgust2. _____ Which of the following provides the largest nonverbal cue to the emotional state of another person?a. bouncing legb, eyebrowsc. mouth and eyesd. hair standing upe. respiration rate3. _____ When asked to picture an angry person, researchers found thata. men tend to picture a man and women picture a woman.b. women tend to picture a man and men picture a woman.c. women and men both picture a woman.d. women and men both picture a man.e. the responses of men and women were too varied to provide any substantial data.Practice FRQ (4 points):Olivia and David have been married for several years. Olivia criticizes her husband for not being as empathic as she is. Explain four research findings that support her assertion.Module 43 – Stress and Illness (15 points)Ask Yourself (3 points):How often is your stress response system activated? What are some of the things that have triggered a fight-or-flight response for you?How have changes in stress levels—such as increased stress around finals week—affected your health, and the health of other students in your classes?Are there changes you could make to avoid the persistent stressors in your life?Test Yourself (4 points):The stress-response system: When alerted to a negative, uncontrollable event, our __________ nervous system arouses us. Heart rate and respiration ___________ (increase/decrease). Blood is diverted from digestion to the skeletal __________. The body releases sugar and fat. All this prepares the body for the __________-__________-__________ response.The field of ____________________ studies mind-body interactions, including the effects of psychological, neural, and endocrine functioning on the immune system and overall health.What general effect does stress have on our health?Which component of the Type A personality has been linked most closely to coronary heart disease?Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ Emily’s family has been traumatized by a recent hurricane in Puerto Rico. Described in terms of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), which phase would they have experienced first?a. resistanceb. appraisalc. exhaustiond. alarme. challenge2. _____ Which term best describes the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes affect our health?a. coronary heart diseaseb. psychoneuroimmunologyc. inflammationd. catharsise. general adaption3. _____ Roberto is an angry person who is prone to outbursts throughout the day. Psychologists would describe him as having a(n) __________ personality.a. Type Ab. Type Bc. GASd. Type Te. NK cell4. _____ In order to reduce risk of heart disease, people should attempt to reduce their levels ofa. optimism.b. apathy.c. pessimism.d. competitiveness.e. empathy.Practice FRQ (4 points):Jenna’s boyfriend just carried out the most elaborate “promposal” at her school. Use the phases of Han Selye’s general adaptation syndrome to explain how prom preparations may be stressful for Jenna.Module 44 – Health and Happiness (10 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):What techniques mentioned in this module do you use to manage stress and promote health? In what ways might you improve your stress management and increase well-being?If we learn our emotional responses, we may be able to learn new responses to replace old ones. Would you like to change any of your emotional responses? Do you feel too often expect things to go badly, for instance? How might you go about changing your behavior or your thinking in order to change your emotional reactions?Test Yourself (2 points):What are some of the tactics we can use to successfully manage the stress we cannot avoid?Which of the following factors does NOT predict self-reported happiness?AgePersonality traitsSleep and exerciseActive religious faithEngaging work and leisureMultiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ Which of the following has shown effectiveness in improving sleep, reducing depression, and increasing heart and lung fitness?a. meditationb. aerobic exercisec. religious involvementd. subjective well-beinge. social support2. _____ Seligman’s positive psychology seeks toa. enable people to be happy all the time.b. treat stress with medication.c. enable people to flourish.d. examine the biological systems affected by stressful events.e. reduce daily hassles in people’s lives.3. _____ Which of the following is an example of the feel-good, do-good phenomenon?a. Anagha tries to keep her 2-year-p;d son from becoming upset for any reason.b. Niko is praised by his teacher and later volunteers to help his mother clean the garage.c. Carson feels satisfied after helping the ecology club pick up trash around the school.d. Maggie’s parents double her allowance when she is nice to her sister all day.e. Rowen is glad to finally be over the flu so he can return to his volunteer work.4. _____ Which of the following accurately represents the relationship between income and happiness?a. Rapidly increasing income is associated with a slight cedrease in happiness because of relative deprivation.b. Increased income increases happiness equally for almost everybody.c. There is no relationship between income and happiness,d. Gradually increasing income is associated with a slight decrease in happiness because of the adaptation-level phenomenon.e. Increased income increases happiness for people who don’t have enough money to meet their basic needs.Practice FRQ (2 points):TJ wishes to live a happy and fulfilling life. How might the following hinder his happiness?Adaptation-level phenomenonRelative deprivationModule 55 – Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theories (13 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):Which of Freud’s presumed defense mechanisms have you found yourself employing?What understanding and impressions of Freud did you bring to this unit? Are you surprised to find that some of his ideas (especially the big idea of our unconscious mind) had merit?Test Yourself (4 points):According to Freud’s ideas about the three-part personality structure, the ____________________ operates on the reality principle and tries to balance demands in a way that produces long-term pleasure rather than pain; the ____________________ operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification, and the ____________________ represents the voice of our internalized ideals (our conscience).In the psychoanalytic view, conflicts unresolved during one of the psychosexual stages may lead to ____________________ at that stage.Freud believed that our defense mechanisms operate ____________________ (consciously/unconsciously) and defend us against ____________________.What are three big ideas that have survived from Freud’s psychoanalytic theory? What are three ways in which Freud’s theory has been criticized?Which elements of traditional psychoanalysis have modern-day psychodynamic theorists and therapists retained, and which elements have they mostly left behind?Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ Carly’s therapist asks her to simply say what is on her mind rather than responding to specific questions or topics. Her therapist is making use of a technique known asa. the ego.b. self-efficacy.c. sublimation.d. free association.e. identification2. _____ The Freudian concept of the ego is best described asa. operating on the reality principle.b. operating on the pleasure principle.c. focusing solely on the morality of an issue.d. the repression of disturbing thoughts.e. striving for perfection.3. _____ Ella was an aggressive child in middle school. In high school, she is a successful three-sport athlete because she channels her aggression into sports. Freud would suggest that this is due to the defense mechanism ofa. repression.b. sublimation.c. displacement.d. projection.e. regression.4. _____ What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species’ history?a. neurosisb. archetypesc. collective unconsciousd. inferiority complexe. terror managementPractice FRQ (3 points):Describe the following two projective tests and state one criticism of these types of test.Thematic Apperception TestRorschach inkblot testModule 56 – Humanistic Theories (10 points)Ask Yourself (1 points):Have you ever had someone in your life who accepted you unconditionally? How did this person help you to know yourself better and to develop a better image of yourself?Test Yourself (2 points):How did humanistic psychology provide a fresh perspective?What does it mean to be empathic? How about self-actualized? What humanistic psychologists used these terms? Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ Maslow and Rogers would explain that adolescents who are struggling to form their identity are seeking to discover theira. self-transcendence.b. self-actualization.c. self-esteem.d. self-worth.e. self-concept.2. _____ What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential?a. free associationb. self-efficacyc. unconditional positive regardd. self-concepte. self-actualization3. _____ Humanistic psychologists may assess personality bya. asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self.b. asking people to fill out lengthy questionnaires about their beliefs.c. getting people to describe what they see in ambiguous inkblots.d. having a person describe their dreams.e. putting people in a stressful situation to see how they behave under pressure.4. _____ Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard?a. Mr. and Mrs. Prohaska, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism.b. Seven-year-old Michaela is only given her allowance when she does her chores.c. Ms. Lopez, a second grade teacher, only gives smiley-face stickers to students who sit quietly at their desks during math.d. John got a promotion and a raise at work after filing in for a sick manager one day and doing a better job than the manager.e. Chen’s parents usually praise him when he does well and ignore him when he engages in minor misbehavior.Practice FRQ (3 points): Describe three criticisms that have been made of humanistic psychology.Module 57 – Trait Theories (12 points)Ask Yourself (2 points):Before trying the self-assessment in Figure 57.2, where would you have placed yourself on the Big Five personality dimensions? Where might your family and friends place you? Did the actual results surprise you, and do you think these results would surprise them?How do you think your own personality traits shine through in your music preferences, communication style, and online and personal spaces? Can you recall a recent time in which the situation you were in definitely constrained your usual behavior?Test Yourself (3 points):Which two primary dimensions did Hans Eysenck and Sybil Eysenck propose for describing personality variation?What are the Big Five personality factors, and why are they scientifically useful?How well do personality test scores predict our behavior? Explain.Multiple Choice (4 points):1. _____ Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act?a. Myers-Briggs indicatorb. factor analysisc. introversiond. extraversione. trait2. _____ Jayne refuses to cheat on an exam that many of her friends have shown her copies of. Jayne would rank high on the Big Five trait ofa. conscientiousness.b. agreeableness.c. openness.d. extraversion.e. neuroticism.3. _____ Which of the following is best described along a continuum ranging from ruthless and suspicious to helpful and trusting?a. conscientiousnessb. agreeablenessc. opennessd. extraversione. neuroticism4. _____ Which of the following is true based on “Big Five” personality traits research?a. Highly conscientious people are likely to be evening people or “night owls.”b. Highly conscientious people get poor grades.c. Married partners scoring the same on agreeableness are more likely to experience marital dissatisfaction.d. Introverts are more likely to prefer communicating through email instead of in person.e. Neuroticism predicts the use of positive-emotion words in text messages.Practice FRQ (3 points):Gustavo has been rated highly on each of the following traits:OpennessAgreeablenessExtraversionProvide an example of a behavior for each of the three traits that would indicate that he was correctly rated.Module 58 – Social-Cognitive Theories (8 points)Ask Yourself (1 point):Can you think of a recent situation in which your personality led you to react differently than did some classmates who experienced the same event?Test Yourself (2 points):Albert Bandura proposed the ____________________ - ____________________ perspective on personality, which emphasizes the interaction of people with their environment. To describe the interacting influences of behavior, thoughts, and environment, he used the term ____________________ ____________________.What is the best way to predict a person’s future behavior?Multiple Choice (3 points):1. _____ Who of the following is considered the leading advocate of personality’s social-cognitive approach?a. Gordon Allportb. Carl Jungc. Karen Horneyd. Carl Rogerse. Albert Bandura2. _____ The way we explain negative and positive events is calleda. personal control.b. reciprocal determinism.c. self-efficacy.d. attribution.e. situational assessment.3. _____ Which of the following is an example of an assessment likely to be used by a social-cognitive psychologist?a. A student teacher if formally observed and evaluated in the classroom.b. A person applying for a managerial position takes the Myer’s Briggs Type Indicator.c. A defendant in a criminal case is interviewed by a court-appointed psychologist.d. In a pre-marriage counseling session, a young couple responds to ambisuou inkblots.e. A depressed young man is asked by his therapist to relax on a couch and talk about whatever comes to mind.Practice FRQ (2 points):Explain the main criticism of social-cognitive theories and one main support for this approach.Motivation, Emotion, and Personality Unit Practice FRQ’s (14 points)1. Alejandro has joined an online dating service in an attempt to meet some new people. He met a woman named Sakura through the website and agreed to go on a date with her because they have many things in common. Explain how the following concepts could relate to Alejandro and Sakura’s date (2 points):Self-conceptExtraversion/introversion2. Maylin has a negative attitude and is disrespectful of her peers. She is unhappy at work and has not been performing at her job as well as in the past. Unfortunately, Maylin blames her co-workers for mistakes that have been and feels as if the world is against her. A. Explain how each of the following psychological concepts might explain Maylin’s negative or unpleasant behavior. (2 points)Self-serving biasDisplacementB. Explain how each of the following psychological concepts might help Maylin become more positive in her daily life. (3 points)Self-actualizationSublimationUnconditional positive regard3. Hope’s soccer team is playing in the championship game today. Hope knows the opposing team is the defending champion and that this will be a challenging game. Explain how the following theories apply to Hope’s performance and reactions during the game. (3 points)Yerkes-Dodson lawAffiliation needsSchachter-Singer two-factor theory4. Franz is 17 years old and wants to lose 15 pounds. Explain how the following factors might contribute to the success or failure of his weight-loss attempt. (4 points)Social InfluenceSet pointSleepIncentive theory ................
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