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College Health ReportViewing GuidebyKaren Vail-SmithDept. of Health Education and PromotionEast Carolina UniversityMcGraw-Hill Higher Educationc2012 Description: The College Health Report video series features a college-aged “reporter” who explores various provocative aspects of topics that are typically covered in college personal health classes. The series is designed for use as a topic-introduction activity to encourage discussion and to increase student interest. Multi-UseThe videos were developed for use both in the classroom and online and are available in versions suitable for either. For web-based instruction, the video and discussion questions included in this Instructor’s Guide can be incorporated in online assignments or in discussion board activities.Goals of the College Health Report Series: After viewing any video in the College Health Report series, your students will have an increased:Understanding of the relevance of a particular topic to a college-aged population.Interest in further exploration of the particular topic. ContentsCANCER 5“Indoor Tanning”INFECTIOUS DISEASE 9 “Tattoos”ATODs11“DUI” STRESS MANAGEMENT15“Biofeedback”RELATIONSHIPS21“Dating Abuse”NUTRITION25“Healthy Eating”Future College Health Report SegmentsWEIGHT MANAGEMENT“Measuring Body Fat” SEXUAL BEHAVIORHPV-Related Cancers: Not Just for Women AnymoreCONTRACEPTIONContraception in an EmergencySAFETY and VIOLENCE“Top 10 List for Staying Safe on Campus”MENTAL HEALTHGetting Help for Depression on Campus SLEEPWhat Happens in a Sleep ClinicCANCERVideo: “Indoor Tanning”(Segment length: 11:12)Synopsis: Cancer experts contend that today’s teenagers and young adults may be facing a skin cancer time bomb due to their obsession with indoor tanning. This video traces American’s obsession with tanned skin over the last 50 years. It explains the negative effects of UV light and discusses the explosive growth of the indoor tanning industry. It also corrects the misinformation that most college students have heard about the safety of indoor tanning.BEFORE Viewing: Poll the ClassWhich is more harmful to your skin: the ultraviolet light from the sun or the ultraviolent light from indoor tanning beds?AFTER the Video: Questions for Discussion(1) Regulation of Indoor TanningFor years, scientists have described the UV radiation from tanning beds as “probably carcinogenic” (cancer-causing). In July 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) published an analysis of 20 studies and concluded that tanning beds cause cancer. WHO also moved tanning beds and other sources of UV radiation into the top cancer risk category, alongside tobacco, asbestos and other deadly carcinogens. Previously WHO had cautioned teens under 18 skin to avoid tanning beds, but now warns that cancer risk jumps by 75% when people start using tanning beds before age 30. Questions: Considering the fact that tanning beds have been proven to cause cancer, should tanning parlors continue to operate? What do you think about health clubs having tanning beds? What do you think about the college apartment complexes that provide free tanning to their tenants? Should children and young teens be banned from indoor tanning facilities? (2) Mental Health Issues Associated with Indoor TanningThe term “tanorexic” is used describe mostly females who are obsessed with having tanned skin. Like an anorexic who think she looks fat when she’s actually dangerously underweight, these teens and young women look in the mirror and see pale skin when they are actually very tan. Furthermore, studies show that ultraviolent light of tanning beds causes a release of endorphins, which create a feeling euphoria that is actually quite addictive. Questions: We’ve seen how indoor tanning affects PHYSICAL health, how do you think it affects MENTAL health? Do you think it has both positive and negative effects on mental health? Have you witnessed any of these effects, either in yourself or others?Additional ResourcesSkin Cancer Risk Assessment: Risk Assessment How to Spot Melanoma“Are You Addicted to Indoor Tanning?” Quiz1. Do you use a tanning bed more than once per week?2. Do you ever feel guilty when you go tanning?3. Do you get upset when people tell you to stop using the tanning bed?4. Do you get anxious, depressed or upset when you can't use the tanning bed?5. When you’re under stress, do you ever go to the tanning bed to "relax"?6. Do you feel a physical "rush" after go to the tanning bed?7. If you can’t go to the tanning bed for a while, do you start getting anxious about losing your tan?8. Do you go to the tanning bed even when others insist you are tan enough?If you answer yes to two or more of these questions, you may be exhibiting addictive responses to tanning. Quiz QuestionsMultiple ChoiceWho is considered to have first made a tan fashionable?Jackie KennedyCoco ChannelTwiggyFarah FawcettEleanor RooseveltWhat is the number one reason women give for going to a tanning salon? To feel better To received Vitamin D To look better To be healthier To relax Which of the following is NOT a risk of UV exposure?skin cancercataractssuppression of the immune systemvitamin D overdosepremature aging on the skinWhich type of UV radiation is blocked out entirely by the atmosphere?UVAUVBUVTrue or False5. The overwhelming majority of tanning bed customers are college-aged women. (T)6. UVA radiation is the type that impacts the out skin layers and can cause sunburn. (F) 7. The typical college-aged woman cannot get an adequate amount of Vitamin D without supplemental UV exposure, like from a tanning bed. (T)INFECTIOUS DISEASEVideo: “Tattoos”(Segment length: 11:33)Synopsis: On today’s college campus, tattoos are more popular than ever. Studies estimate that 25% of college students have at least one tattoo. However, because tattooing involves needles, puncture wounds, and blood, there is a risk of infectious disease. The video explores these risks and instructs viewers about what they should look for when evaluating the safety of a tattoo establishment.BEFORE Viewing: Poll the Class(Remind students that they should only answer if they are comfortable sharing this information.) 1) How many of you have more than one tattoo? (2) How many of you have one tattoo? (3) How many of you are considering getting a tattoo before graduating from college?(Total the number of students who have answered affirmatively to questions 1-3.)AFTER the Video: Questions for Discussion(1) Evaluating the Safety of Tattoo EstablishmentsBecause of the risk of infection, it is important to only get a tattoo in a clean, reputable establishment. Questions: According to the video, what should you look for as indicators that the tattoo salon you have chosen is a safe one? (Examples: overall cleanliness of the establishment, including the bathrooms; posted credentials; individual rooms with sinks, disposal containers for sharps, antibacterial soap; autoclave; artists who use masks and gloves; individual ink containers; disposable needles.)(2) Think BEFORE You InkAlthough it is possible to remove some tattoos, the process is lengthy, painful, expensive and often not entirely successful. Consequently the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommends that you should consider a tattoo permanent. Getting a tattoo should never be a snap decision. You should always “Think BEFORE You Ink.”Question: “Thinking before you ink” requires that a people considering a tattoo undergo a thorough decision-making process. Explain the steps you would take BEFORE actually getting a tattoo. Additional Resources“Infinitink,” a new type of tattoo ink that is easier to remove, recently became available. Read about it here: You Get a Tattoo? Quiz Ultimate Tattoo Quiz QuestionsMultiple ChoiceWhat percentage of US college students has at least one tattoo?5%10%15%20%25%What is the most serious possible health risk of getting a tattoo? Contracting blood-borne diseases Contracting topical skin infections Keloid scaring None of the aboveIn a safe tattoo parlor, what is used disinfect equipment?Alcohol wipesMicrowave ovensBoiling waterautoclavesa special disinfection solutionTo insure safety standards, which of the following should be thrown away after one use?needlesinkglovesointment spreadersall of the aboveTrue or False5. Tattoos are created by injecting ink into the dermis (the underlying layer of the skin). (T)6. Tattoo parlors are regulated by federal law. (F) 7. Tattoos done only in black are easier to remove than more colorful ones. (T)DUIVideo: “DUI”(Segment length: 19:41)Synopsis: Driving under the influence of alcohol or other substances is the most frequently committed crime in the U.S. Every 45 minutes one American becomes a drinking-related traffic fatality. Unfortunately, college students are over represented in alcohol related crashes—probably because over 31% have driven under the influence. The video discusses the risk of impaired driving. It also explains both the short and long-term consequences of being arrested for a DWI offense.BEFORE Viewing: Poll the Class(Remind students that they should only answer if they are comfortable sharing this information.)How many of you know someone who has received a DWI since coming to college? When you tally ALL the costs associated with getting a DWI, how much do you think that ultimately is? AFTER the Video: Questions for Discussion(1) Understand BACBAC provides a reliable estimate of alcohol concentration in the brain, which is the reason it is the measure of intoxication used by law enforcement agencies. .08 has been established as THE BAC threshold indicating intoxication sufficient to impair driving. Because at .08 you experience slow reaction time, sedation and poor coordination.Questions: What are some ways that you’ve heard of for “sobering-up” somebody? (Examples: food, cold shower, caffeine, walking them around, slapping them) Once you have alcohol in your bloodstream, the only thing that can sober you up is TIME. A common guideline is that it takes approximately 1 hour to metabolize a typical drink (1 12 oz. beer, 1 shot, 1 mixed drink, etc.). Each additional drink adds to the time. You do the math! (Present the following timeline to students and have them calculate how long it would take to metabolize the night’s alcohol intake,10 pmyou have a beer watching a ballgame on T.V. 10:30 pmyour buddy drops by and you have a second beer11 pmyou catch the student shuttle to the downtown clubs and “pre-game” with a couple shots on the bus.11:30 – 1:30While at the club you have 3 more beersYou are under 21 and your friend wants a ride home at the end of this night, can you drive driver her home at 3 am and be confident that you are risking a DUI arrest? At what time will you have a BAC of .00? (Answer: 5 a.m. because 7 drinks will take 7 hours to metabolize. You started drinking at 10 pm, so you will not be completely sober until 5 am.)(2) Calculating the Cost of a DUIThe students in the video talk about some of the costs associated with being convicted of a DUI.Questions: What do you think are the financial costs of getting a DUI?Cost estimates:Fines/ Court Costs$390 - $1,200Attorney Fees$500 - $10,000 Insurance Rate Increases$3,600 - $6,600(A DUI will increase your insurance rates significantly for at least 3 years.)Penalties$500-750Alcohol Education/Counseling$100-500License Reissue Fee$100-200Towing and Storage$100-300What are some non-monetary costs associated with getting a DUI? (Examples: loss of license, shame/embarrassment, loss of job due to criminal record, inability to get into graduate or professional schools, penalties at your university)Additional ResourcesImportant Considerations for Being a Designated Driver Directory of Designated Driver Services and Driving Video Gallery Busters Video: Cell Phone vs. Drunk Driving QuestionsMultiple Choice 1. What is legal BAC (blood alcohol content) in all 50 states?1.0.01.80.08 2. Which of the following might result in more harsh DUI penalties? a. causing personal injury or another damaging property history of DUI convictions having a BAC significantly higher than the legal limit all of the above3. In most states, if you are convicted of a DUI, which of the following is true? If you are under 16-20, you can have your criminal record expunged when you reach 21 years of age.Your college or university can’t impose penalties beyond what the courts have already imposed. You will have a criminal record for lifeYou do not have to indicate you’ve been convicted of DUI on employment application because to do so would violate your 5th amendment rights.4. If you are asked to submit to a breathalyzer or chemical blood test, You must do so, or risk having your license immediately revoked.You You will have a criminal record for lifed. You do not have to indicate you’ve been convicted of DUI on employment application because to do so would violate your 5th amendment rights.True or False5. Drunk driving is the most frequently committed crime in the US. (T)6. College students are OVER-represented in alcohol-related traffic fatalities. (T) 7. In all 50 states, 21 is the legal drinking age. (T)STRESS MANAGEMENTVideo: “Biofeedback”(Segment length: 7:15)Synopsis: Stress is the number one factor affecting a student’s academic performance. There is no escaping stress in college, so it is important for college students to find health ways to deal with it. Biofeedback is a treatment technique in which people are trained to monitor physiological feedback from their own bodies with the ultimate goal of changing it to reduce bodily tension. The video explores techniques used in biofeedback training and informs students how to seek treatment.BEFORE Viewing: Poll the Class(Remind students that they should only answer if they are comfortable sharing this information.)What are your biggest stressors at college? What healthy methods do you use to manage stress? What about unhealthy ones?AFTER the Video: Activities(1) The “Relaxation Response” and How To Achieve ItThe term “Relaxation Response” refers to a state of complete physical relaxation. Physiologically, it is the opposite of the fight-or-flight response. During this response, blood pressure, heart rate, digestive functioning and hormonal levels return to their normal state. Unfortunately, many people are in a state of chronic low-grade physiological arousal and never quite return to the point of relaxation. Dr. Herbert Benson developed the following method for achieving the Relaxation Response on your own. Try it! Sit comfortably with your eyes closed.Beginning at your toes and moving up to the top of you head, attempt to deeply relax all of your muscles.Breath only through your nose. Breath in thinking the word “one.” Breath out thinking “two.” Try to concentrate only on your breath and the words “one” and “two.Continue doing this breathing. Try to work up to doing it for 10 to 20 minutes at a time.(2) Do-It-Yourself Biofeedback TechniquesDon’t have access to a biofeedback training facility on your campus? You can still experience some of the benefits of biofeedback training. Listed below are some simple biofeedback stress-reduction techniques you can try on your own using inexpensive devices (or none at all).a. Thermal Training: As we learned in the video, stress constricts blood vessels causing a decrease in peripheral skin temperature. This simple technique allows you to monitor skin temperature and learn to raise it. Instructions- Place an inexpensive thermometer (such as “stress dots” ) on one of your hands. In a quiet place, sit comfortably, close your eyes and focus your thoughts only on your hands being warm. Attempt to “think them warm.” Research has shown that by simply focusing on hand warmth you can raise the temperature of your hands. Your ultimate goal is to increase your hand temperature to 92 degrees.b. Mirror Monitoring: Body tension is often visible, especially on your face. This technique helps you see the tension in your body.Instructions- In a comfortable position, sit in front of a mirror. Study your face and notice any signs of stress, such as a wrinkled forehead, clinched jaw or eye squint. While breathing deeply, make a concentrated effort to relax your face. c. Heart Rate Reduction: Increased stress causes an increase in heart rate. This activity will allow you to monitor your heart rate with the ultimate goal of lowering it.Instructions- Sit comfortably and find your pulse in one of your wrists. Notice the rhythm of the beats. Count the beats for 30 seconds. (You can use this online stopwatch: ) While continuing to feel your pulse, close your eyes and breath deeply. Start at your tones and consciously try to relax them. Move up to your calves. Continue to move up to the top of your head, relaxing all of your muscles. Once you relaxed your entire body, check your pulse rate again. Additional Resources10 Stress Reduction Techniques from the Stress Institute to Achieve Benson’s “Relaxation Response”’t Meditate? Four Conditions You Must Have to Reduce Stress with Diaphragmatic Breathing: Breathing Relaxation Exercise: Stretching Relaxation Exercise QuestionsMultiple Choice 1. What is the number one factor affecting college student academic performance?a.poor high school preparationillnessstressd. lack of sleep 2. Which of the following body process are out of a person’s conscious control? a. respiration rateskin temperature heart ratenone of the above are out of a person’s conscious control3. What does an electromyograph measure? tension in the musclesrespiration rate skin temperaturebrain waves4. To measure peripheral skin temperature, biofeedback professions use a(n) _________. a. MRIelectromyography instrumentthermometer d. thermistorTrue or False5. Most people can no longer recognize when their bodies are truly in a relaxed state. (T)6. When you are under stress your blood vessels dilate (open). (F) 7. Biofeedback is also being used to address chronic pain. (T)RELATIONSHIPSVideo: “Dating Abuse”(Segment length: 11:02)Synopsis: Dating abuse is a pattern of emotionally, physically, and/or sexually, abusive behavior in a dating relationship. It is prevalent on college campuses with 32% of college students reporting physical or sexual abuse by a former partner and 21% reporting abuse by their current partner. This video explores types of dating abuse and provides both protective strategies for the victims as well as suggestions for how students can help friends and family who are in this situation.BEFORE Viewing: Poll the Class(Remind students that they should only answer if comfortable sharing this information.)Most college students who do admit that they’ve been the victims of dating abuse indicate that they first shared their story with friends. Have you ever been that friend or do you know someone who has been? What did you (or the person you know) do?AFTER the Video: Questions for Discussion(1) The Pattern of Dating AbuseDating abuse is rarely an isolated occurrence. It is a pattern of physical/emotional/sexual intimidation used by the abuser in order to secure control and power over his/her partner. Questions: In the video, Mary shares her story of abuse. Early in the relationship there were signs that it might eventually become abusive. What were they? (Boyfriend was extremely jealous, possessive and socially isolated Mary.) How did the abuse escalate? (threats, shoving and eventually hitting)Why do you think someone like Mary stays in a relationship after the first signs of abuse? (in love with the abuser, not sure what constitutes a healthy relationship, shame, fear, isolation, depression, low-self esteem, lack of knowledge of resources, etc.)(2) Helping A Victim of Dating AbuseTypically there are three distinct roles in an abusive dating relationship:The abuser The victim of the abuseThe bystander, a person who is aware or suspects that abuse is occurringQuestion: Who would be considered the bystander in Mary’s story? Do you think his response was appropriate and helpful? Could he have done more? (For a list of appropriate bystander behavior see the handout: “Helping a Friend or Family Member Who is Being Abused” from the “Love Is Not Abuse” curriculum found in the “Additional Resources” list below.)Where would you take a friend for help on our campus?(Campus Resources: It is important that both dating abuse victims and bystanders know where they can go on-campus and in their communities for help. Compile a list of these resources for your own campus and share them with your class. Also point out that resources are available 24/7 from the National Domestic Violence Hotline online at or by calling 1-800-799-7233)Additional Resources“Love Is Not Abuse” College Edition Curriculum (free download) “Shifting the Paradigm: Primary Prevention of Sexual Violence Toolkit” (free download) Violence 101“Bystander Intervention Playbook” of Strength Clubs (resources for starting male dating violence prevention clubs on your campus)Quiz QuestionsMultiple Choice“Words or actions intended to control, isolate, intimidate or cause fear in a partner” defines which of the following? Emotional abusePhysical abusePsychological abuseSexual abuseWhich of the following behaviors is considered “sexual abuse?” Continuing sexual contact after being asked to stop Coercing/forcing a partner to participate in rough, violent or any unwanted sexual activity Coercing/forcing a partner to pose for photos or videos of a sexual nature Exploiting or taking advantage of someone who is younger or intoxicatedAll of the above How many of those who are physically or sexually assaulted report that the abuse is repetitive?1/10th 1/3rd 1/22/3 rds. If a person reports being abuse in a relationship, whom is she/he most likely to report it to?Family memberFriendHealth care providerLaw enforcement officerTeacherTrue or False5. Dating abuse does NOT occur in gay and lesbian relationships. (F)6. CONTROL is the hallmark of emotional abuse. (T) 7. Physical abuse generally begins after a history of emotional abuse. (T)NUTRITIONVideo: “Healthy Eating”(Segment length: 9:41)Synopsis: Nutrition is an important component of health promotion primarily because of the connection between lifetime nutritional habits and the risk of some major chronic diseases. It can be challenging for a college student to eat healthy. This video explores the latest USDA/HHS “Dietary Guidelines for Americans” and includes information on the new “My Plate” graphic. BEFORE Viewing: Poll the ClassAre you familiar with the “Food Pyramid?” Does anyone know what it has been replaced with? AFTER the Video: Questions for Discussion(1) The Energy EquationAlthough the USDA has replaced the “Food Pyramid” with the “My Plate” graphic, the formula for healthy eating remains the same: eat a variety of nutrient dense foods and balance your food intake with activity. To achieve or maintain a healthy wait, we must balance the number calories we consume with the number of calories we expend. It’s the old “energy equation”: calories in must equal calories out.Questions: Let’s consider what actions we take in our own lives to balance the energy equation. On the board draw two columns “In” and “Out.” Ask students to indicate any actions they currently take (or could take) to limit the number of calories they take IN or to increase the numbers of calories they use (“OUT”).(2) My PlateThe “My Plate” icon was developed to provide an easy-to-understand graphic representation of how American should eat.Questions: Do you think “My Plate” accomplishes this goal? What are its strengths? What are its weaknesses? How would you change it to improve it as a consumer tool?Additional ResourcesUSDA’s “Choose My Plate” site site has loads of information about “My Plate” including videos, graphic downloads, games and “trackers.”LiveStrong “My Plate Calorie Counter” calorie counter application can be used online at the LiveStrong site or you can download a “My Plate Calorie Counter” app for your smart phone at “Introducing My Plate” Video from USDA“Freshman ” site gives tips and suggestions tips on how to eat healthy in college and avoid the freshman 15Quiz QuestionsMultiple Choice The first major goal of 2010 “Dietary Guidelines for Americans” is to? Maintain calorie balance over time Increase the amount of fiber in your dietDecrease your daily intake of fatDrink more waterWhat is the biggest concern about an excessive intake of junk food? These foods cause cancer These foods have been associated with autism in young children These foods are very expensiveThese foods replace nutrient-dense foods in your diet.You should increase your intake of all of the following foods, except:fruitsvegetableswhole grainsfruit juicesAccording to the new “My Plate” graphic, what should fill half of your plate?Low-fat proteinsFruits and vegetablesWhole grainsHigh-calcium dairy foodsTrue or False5. The USDA publishes new “Dietary Guidelines for Americans” every ten years. (F)6. The “Dietary Guidelines” encourage Americans to increase physical activity. (T) 7. Few Americans eat enough calcium-rich, low-fat dairy foods. (T) ................
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