Treatment options---living with COPD …

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COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

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THANK YOU!

Professor Dan Cuffaro Professor Douglas Paige Associate Professor Tom Nowacki, CMI Assistant Professor Beth Halasz, CMI Dr. Mary Assad,PhD Robert J. Rosneck, Exercise Physiologist/ Respitory Therapist

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

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COPD, what is it?

Includes two conditions:

Chronic bronchitis; Inflammation in bronchial tubes

Emphysema; alveolar destruction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a progressive disease that makes breathing difficult for patients. There are four stages that get progressively worse over time. There is no cure for COPD but there are treatment options to help alleviate symptoms.

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

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Stages

1

2

3

4

FEV1 of 80% or more FEV1 between 50% and 80% FEV1 between 30% and

FEV1 less than 30%

Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath with

50%

Constant wheezing

Decreased energy

daily activities/ chores

Stage 2 symptoms are Phlegm buildup in lungs

Often not diagnosed at this

Wheezing

worse

Limited mobility due

stage

Persistent cough

Tightness in chest

to strength/energy

Mucus production

Swelling in legs, ankles, feet Frequent hospital stays

Diminishing mental capacity

Hospice care

Worsening immune system

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

Oxygen therapy

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Pathophysiology

HEALTHY

Rigid shape, healthy tissue and clear airways.

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

UN-HEALTHY

Decreased surface area due to alveolar destruction, mucus production and blocked airways.

Causes and Risk Factors

SMOKING!

75% of patients

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Environment, which is typically

work-related can cause irritation and worsen symptoms.

A work environment that contains:

Dust Chemical fumes Secondhand smoke

Genetics: Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

A Protein that protects lung tissue

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Diagnosis

COPD is often diagnosed using a few different tests, which include:

A Chest X-ray can show emphysema in the patient, which is a common cause of COPD.

A CT Scan which can often help see emphysema which is common in COPD patients.

An Arterial Blood Gas Exchange Analysis shows how much gas exchange is occuring within the lungs.

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

A Lung Pulmonary Function Test often referred to as a spirometry

test, inlcudes measuring the amount of oxygen a patients has during exhalation and inhalation.

(FEV1 comes from this test)

Treatment Options

Symptom management is done in order to prevent

exacerbations.

Periods of time where symptoms get worse, typically several days at a time.

ALEXANDER STOJKOV

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Bronchodilators;

relax airway muscles, expand

Glucocorticosteroids;

reduce airway inflammation

Other treatments Include: Oxygen therapy Pulmonary rehab Acapella device;

mucus relief devices

Surgical;

rare, dangerous for COPD patients

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